2016 conference - dr. william bird

PowerPoint Presentation

2016 Intelligent Health

Building Active CommunitiesDr William Bird, MBE


Dr William Bird MRCGP MBE3 March 2016Building Active Communities


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Intelligent Health

KnowledgeEngagementEvidence


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Knowledge

2016 Intelligent HealthIf we take an hour to equal 1,000 years,then four days is 100,000 years the timefrom the origin of mankind to today

4 daysago100,000years ago hunter gatherers10 hoursago10,000years ago agriculture4 hoursago4,000years ago civilisation10 hoursago10,000years ago agriculture4 hoursago4,000years ago civilisationtechnology

industrialisation

industrialisation

9 minutesago

9 minutesago

80 secondsago


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SociableGreenPhysicalOur factory setting is to be in a sociable group, active environment and have a purposePeoplePlacePurpose

2016 Intelligent HealthFear and Chronic Stress

LonelinessHostileRejectionPeoplePlacePurpose



2016 Intelligent HealthThe Effect of Trees on Cognitive Performance

Lin, Ying-Hsuan, et al. "Does awareness effect the restorative function and perception of street trees? Cognitive Science5 (2014): 906.Digit Span Backward Test

2016 Intelligent HealthExposure to Neighbourhood Green Spaceand Mental Health

Beyer, Kirsten MM, et al. Int.J of environmental research and public health 11.3 (2014): 3453-3472

2016 Intelligent HealthAssociation Between Trees, Vegetation, Depression and Stress

Mitchell, R. and Popham, F. (2008) Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities:an observational population study. The Lancet 372(9650):pp. 1655-1660.Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

2016 Intelligent Health 2015 Intelligent HealthPlace: Green space moderates the effect of stressful events in childrenNearby NatureA Buffer of Life Stress among Rural Children NM Wells, GW Evans Environment and BehaviorMay 2003vol. 35no. 3311-33


ChronicStress

Anxiety anddepressionPhysicalInactivity

Poor diet

2016 Intelligent HealthChronic StressStressHormonesPhysicalInactivity

And otherpoor healthbehavioursChronic InflammationMitochondria as a key component of the stress response. Manoli et al. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol 18 No 5 2007

2015 Intelligent HealthInactivity: trilogy of inflammation

1Increasesvisceral fat

3Damageshealthy cells

2Reduces anti-inflammatories


1.Increasesvisceral fat

2016 Intelligent HealthReducing inflammation fatVisceral fat = 0.5 LVisceral fat = 1.1 LVisceral fat = 1.3 LVisceral fat = 1.7 LVisceral fat = 4.3 LVisceral fat = 4.2 LVisceral fat = 1.8 LVisceral fat = 1.2 LVariation in visceral fatcontent in men with thesame waist circumference

2016 Intelligent HealthVisceral fat reduction with exercise

Lee S et al. J Appl Physiol 2005;99:1220-1225% Loss of FatFat loss after 13 weeks of walking 60 mins a day and no weight loss


1.Increasesvisceral fat

3.Damageshealthy cells

2.Reduces anti-inflammatories

2016 Intelligent HealthReducing inflammation muscles

Contractingmusclesrelease powerfulanti-inflammatoriescalled Myokines

These MyokinesCirculate around the whole body calming every cell


1Increasesvisceral fat

3Damageshealthy cells

2Reduces anti-inflammatories


Chromosomeskeep dividingImmunesystem isswitched offuntil needed

Mitochondria,healthyand active.Providing lotsof energyInside a healthy cell

2016 Intelligent HealthThe mitochondria is like a dynamo,it has to keep moving ...

... but with theweight of a 40 pound car batteryProf Mike Murphy,MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit Cambridge University


Sedentary, high fat diet and stress

Mitochondria

Anti-Oxidants

ReactiveOxidative SpeciesMitochondrial DNA

Oxidative Phosphorylation


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Physically active, low fat and not stressedMitochondria

Oxidative Phosphorylation

ReactiveOxidative SpeciesMitochondrial DNA

Anti-Oxidants

2016 Intelligent HealthTelomeres get shorterEpel, Elissa, et al. Can meditation slow rate of cellular aging? Cognitive stress, mindfulness, and telomeres.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1172.1 (2009): 34-53

2016 Intelligent HealthSenescence: the end of the cellHezel, Aram F., Nabeel Bardeesy andRichard S. Maser. Telomere inducedsenescence: end game signaling. Currentmolecular medicine 5.2 (2005): 145-152.


inflammationImmune systemis constantlyswitched on

2016 Intelligent HealthInflammation: the cause of causes

ChronicInflammation

Starts in childrenas young as6 years oldArthritisArthritisCancersCancersDiabetesDiabetesObesityObesityDementiaDementia

Cardiovasculardisease

Anxiety andDepression

2016 Intelligent HealthFear and Chronic Stress

LonelinessHostileRejectionPeoplePlacePurpose

2016 Intelligent HealthChronic StressStressHormonesPhysicalInactivity

And otherpoor healthbehavioursMitochondrial damage and telomere shorteningwhich leads to inflammationDepressionMitochondria as a key component of the stress response. Manoli et al. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism Vol 18 No 5 2007Cancers

DiabetesDementiaCardiovascular

2016 Intelligent HealthGood for children: single sessions of physical activity can enhance attention and memory

After 20 minutes of sitting quietly After 20 minutes of walking Hillman et al. (2009). Neuroscience,159, 1044-1054

2016 Intelligent HealthPhysical inactivity is also associated with hypertension1 and metabolic risk2 , in children as young as eight years old

1) Pardee PE, Norman GJ, LustigRH et al. Television viewing and hypertension in obese children.Am J Prev Med. 2007, 33: 439-443

2) Ekulund U, Brage S, Froberd K et al. TV viewing and physical activity are independently associated with metabolic risk in children: the European Youth Heart Study. PLoS Medicine 2006, 2: 2449-2456


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So what can we do?


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To make a step change inactivity levels we need to be bold

Letsremoveboundariesand turn a wholetown into aplayground!

2016 Intelligent HealthStep change across a community


2016 Intelligent HealthBeat the Street 2015

14% of apopulationtook part =175,000people

2016 Intelligent Health45,136peopleregistered.Of these, 39%were male and61% werefemale

Beat the Street 2015

2016 Intelligent HealthMaking a difference

said theyused thecar less.Facebooklikes acrosssummer projects.increase incycle trafficin Lowestoft.of participantslifted into activity(results fromNorwich, Thurrockand Reading in 2014).said they wouldrecommendBeat the Streetto their friendsand family!increase inplayers for secondyear of Reading(15,074 23,992).said Beat theStreet helpedthem feel moreinvolved inthe community.48%7,98330%18%94%63%69%


MotivationIs what gets you startedHabitIs what keeps you goingEuropean Journal of Social Psychology, Volume 40, Issue 6, pages 9981009, October 2010

2016 Intelligent Health30 sec Explaining the rationale for a 6 week game to create new habits44

73 Schools12 Secondary61 primary17,952 participants

2016 Intelligent HealthWolverhampton BTS

2016 Intelligent HealthEvidence

2016 Intelligent HealthGetting inactive people engaged

Beat theStreet wellrepresentsdeprivedcommunities

2016 Intelligent HealthA day in the life of Annan Beat the Street

2016 Intelligent HealthChanges in Physical ActivityBeat the Street Reading 2014

Achieving 30 minutes of activity 5 days a weekP

2016 conference - dr. william bird

Education