2016 apple a day ipm calendar · 10/12/2016 1 note: you can print this template to use as a wall...

10/12/2016

1

Note:

You can print

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to use as a

wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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presentation.

2016 Apple A Day IPM Calendar

IPM Institute

of North America

IPM Institute of North America, 1020 Regent St., Madison WI 53715

608 232-1410, [email protected], [email protected], www.ipminstitute.org/specialtycropIPM, www.ecofruit.wisc.edu/appletalk

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January 2016 Frosty trees and fresh tracks. Jess Ecker

Ecker’s Apple Farm, Trempealeau, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

2

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wall calendar.

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28 29 30 31 01 0302

04 05 06 07 08 1009

11 12 13 14 15 1716

18 19 20 21 22 2423

25 26 27 28 29 3130

01 02 03 04 05 0706

MON TUES WED THUR FRI SUNSAT

2016JANUARY• Review pre-harvest damage

assessment by block for San Jose

and oystershell scale. Train pruning

crew to recognize scale insects and

fire blight cankers. Report and mark

scale problem areas with flagging

tape to help target dormant or

delayed-dormant sprays. Monitor

these areas with double-sided tape

during the growing season to time

insecticide applications during active

crawler stage.

• Prune out fire blight cankers.

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

IPM Institute of North America, 608 232-1410

[email protected], [email protected], www.ipminstitute.org/specialtycropIPM, www.ecofruit.wisc.edu/appletalk

Preseason IPM Goals

Black Welsh Mountain and Chocolate Welsh Mountain sheep

in Upper Orchard during November 2014 snowstorm.

Gretchen Griffith

Cottage Grove, WI

Cover: Off to the hills. Jess Ecker


Minnesota Apple Growers Association 83rd Annual Education and Trade Show; La Crosse WI

WFFVC;Wisconsin Dells WI

Illinois Specialty Crops, Agritourism and Organic Conference; Bloomington IL

Iowa Fruit and Vegetable Growers Annual Conference; Ankeny IA

Wisconsin Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Conference (WFFVC); Wisconsin Dells WI

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February 2016 Orchard dog Georgia during November 2015 snow fall. Liz Griffith, Door

Creek Orchard, Cottage Grove, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

3

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01 02 03 04 05 0706

08 09 10 11 12 1413

15 16 17 18 19 2120

22 23 24 25 26 2827

29 01 02 03 04 0605

07 08 09 10 11 1312


2016FEBRUARY• Update nutrient management plan

based on foliar and soil-test results

from the previous season.

• Identify pest management goals and

discuss with IPM scout and consultant.

• Order IPM scouting supplies.

• Verify functionality of weather station

and leaf wetness monitor.

Preseason IPM Goals

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________



Animal home found during pruning an old semi-dwarf. Many

of our older trees have become homes for animals. Liz Griffith

Door Creek Orchard, Cottage Grove, WI

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March 2016 Welcoming signs of spring. Jess Ecker


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

4

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29 01 02 03 04 0605

07 08 09 10 11 1312

14 15 16 17 18 2019

21 22 23 24 25 2726

28 29 30 31 01 0302

04 05 06 07 08 1009


2016MARCH• Begin weather monitoring, check

weather station weekly and record

degree days and rainfall.

• Complete airblast and herbicide

sprayer calibration.

• Order IPM scouting supplies if not

completed in February.

Preseason IPM Goals

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

Begin weather monitoring.

Volunteers helping plant apple trees during spring 2015. Rami

Aburomia, Oak Rock Orchard, Mt. Horeb, WI



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April 2016 2013 WAGA Pruning Workshop. Peter Werts

Eplegaarden, Fitchburg, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

5

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28 29 30 31 01 0302

04 05 06 07 08 1009

11 12 13 14 15 1716

18 19 20 21 22 2423

25 26 27 28 29 0130

02 03 04 05 06 0807


2016APRIL

Deploy pheromone traps for apples: RBLR and STLM.

Green tip: April 7-24, 25 DD (50°F)

• Record date of McIntosh green tip.

• GFW adult emergence (25 DD)

Tight cluster: April 25-30, 75-105 DD

• Check RBLR and STLM pheromone

traps once per week.

• RBLR 1st flight (75 DD)

• STLM 1st flight (100 DD)

• GFW larvae emerge (100 DD)

• OBLR overwintered larvae (105 DD)

Other: Check weather station weekly.

Record scab infections, degree days and

rainfall. Scout for ERM eggs near flower and leaf buds.

Orchard Phenology

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

Bud 9 Honeycrisp in bloom. Scott Kee

Sacia Orchards, Galesville, WI

Abbreviations:ERM = European red mite

GFW = Green fruit worm

OBLR = Obliquebanded leafroller

RBLR = Redbanded leafroller

STLM = Spotted tentiform leafminer



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May 2016 Pink Pearl in full bloom. Liz Griffith


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

6

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25 26 27 28 29 0130

02 03 04 05 06 0807

09 10 11 12 13 1514

16 17 18 19 20 2221

23 24 25 26 27 2928

30 31 01 02 03 0504


2016MAY

Deploy pheromone traps for apples: CM, LAW, OBLR and OFM; and stone fruit: APB and LPTB.

Pink: May 1-9, 150-160 DD (50°F)

• Spring cankerworm larvae (150 DD)

• ERM hatch (160 DD)

Bloom: May 10-24, 165-185 DD

• Record date of first blossom open.

• Check all pheromone traps.

• Scout weeds in tree rows.

• LAW 1st flight (165 DD)

• CM 1st flight (180 DD)

• RBLR larvae (185 DD)

Petal fall: May 25-31, 250-375 DD

• PC adult emergence (250 DD)

• Record date, 95% McIntosh petal fall,

PC oviposition ends after 308 DD are

accumulated.

• Check pheromone traps at least twice

per week.

• Change 30-day pheromone lures:

• Apples: OBLR, OFM, LAW,

RBLR and STLM.

• Stone fruit: APB, LPTB.

Other: Check weather station weekly.

Record scab infections, degree days and

rainfall.

Scout for apple scab on the backside of the earliest leaves.

Insect monitoring: PC, rosy apple aphid, woolly apple aphid, OBLR and RBLR; Disease monitoring: apple scab, fire blight and powdery mildew.

Orchard Phenology

Blooming pollinating crab apple. Scott Kee


AbbreviationsAPB = American plum borer

CM = Codling moth

ERM = European red mite

LAW = Lesser apple worm

LPTB = Lesser peach tree borer


OFM = Oriental fruit moth

PC = Plum curculio



__________________

__________________

__________________

______IPM Institute of North America, 608 232-1410


Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

to your own

presentation.

June 2016 A diverse ecosystem exists within an orchard managed using IPM. Laura Tisch

Munchkey’s Apples, Mt. Horeb, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

7

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to use as a

wall calendar.

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slide for any

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30 31 01 02 03 0504

06 07 08 09 10 1211

13 14 15 16 17 1918

20 21 22 23 24 2625

27 28 29 30 01 0302

04 05 06 07 08 1009


2016JUNE

Begin mite sampling: ERM, TSSM, ARM and predatory mites.

Fruit set: June 1-15, 425-560 DD (50°F)

• Deploy SJS monitoring tape.

• CM larvae (425 DD)

• OBLR 1st flight (490 DD)

June 16-22, 610-730 DD

• Complete spray coverage analysis.

• Begin monitoring leaf-wetting hours for

summer diseases.

• STLM 2nd flight (610 DD)

June 23-30, 730-850 DD



RBLR and STLM.


• RBLR 2nd flight (780 DD)

Other: Check pheromone traps and

weather station weekly. Record scab

infections, degree days, leaf-wetting

hours and rainfall.

Insect monitoring: PC, RAA, WAA, OBLR and RBLR; Disease monitoring: apple scab, fire blight and powdery mildew.

Orchard Phenology

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

____________

Insect monitoring: CM, PC, RAA, WAA, OBLR, RBLR and SJS; Disease monitoring: apple scab, fire blight and powdery mildew.

Continue scouting for apple scab lesions only if lesions were found during primary scab season.

Mite sampling: ERM, TSSM, ARM and predatory mites.

European honey bee on apple bloom. Peter Werts

AbbreviationsAPB = American plum borer

ARM = Apple rust mite

CM = Codling moth






PC = Plum curculio

RAA = Rosy apple aphid


SJS = San Jose scale


TSSM = Two-spotted spider mite

WAA = Woolly apple aphid



Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

to your own

presentation.

July 2016 Mechanical cultivation is used for weed control in tree rows at Blue

Vista Farm. Peter Werts

Bayfield, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

8

Note:

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this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

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presentation.

27 28 29 30 01 0302

04 05 06 07 08 1009

11 12 13 14 15 1716

18 19 20 21 22 2423

25 26 27 28 29 3130

01 02 03 04 05 0706


2016JULY

Deploy AM traps and DWB pheromone traps.

July 1-8, 900-1075 DD (50°F)

• AM emergence (900 DD)

• Change all long-life pheromone lures.

July 9-15, 1075-1250 DD

• Scout weeds in tree row.

• PC summer adults (1250 DD)

July 16-23, 1300-1400 DD

• CM 2nd flight (1300 DD)

July 24-31, 1400-1500 DD

• Take leaf tissue and soil samples for

nutrient analysis.



RBLR and STLM.


• STLM 3rd flight (1500 DD)




hours and rainfall.

Insect monitoring: CM, RAA, WAA, OBLR, RBLR and SJS; Disease monitoring: apple scab, fire blight, powdery mildew and black, white and bitter rot. Mite sampling: ERM, TSSM, ARM and predatory mites.

Orchard Phenology

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

____________Thistle is persistent and pesky for pickers. On the bright side, this

bee considers it an excellent late-season pollen source. Sara

Ecker

Ecker's Apple Farm, Trempealeau, WI

AbbreviationsAM = Apple maggot

APB = American plum borer


CM = Codling moth

DWB = Dogwood borer






PC = Plum curculio









Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

to your own

presentation.

August 2016 Fruit coloring on a sunny afternoon. Scott Kee


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

9

Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

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presentation.

01 02 03 04 05 0706

08 09 10 11 12 1413

15 16 17 18 19 2120

22 23 24 25 26 2827

29 30 31 01 02 0403

05 06 07 08 09 1110


2016AUGUSTAugust 1-8, 1550-1766 DD (50°F)

• OBLR 2nd flight (1550 DD)

August 9-15, 1766-1955 DD

• RBLR 3rd flight (1950 DD)

August 16-23, 1955-2171 DD

August 24-31, 2171-2387 DD

• Complete pre-harvest damage

assessment.




hours and rainfall.

Insect monitoring: CM, RAA, WAA, OBLR, RBLR and SJS; Disease monitoring: apple scab, fire blight, powdery mildew, black, white and bitter rot. Mite sampling: ERM, TSSM, ARM and predatory mites.

Orchard Phenology

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

Insect monitoring: AM, CM, OBLR and RBLR; Disease monitoring: apple scab, sooty blotch, fly speck, black, white and bitter rot.

Monarch chrysalis on Ginger Gold apple. Door Creek Orchard

is a certified Monarch Waystation and Pollinator Garden by

MonarchWatch and Xerces Society. We are dedicated to our

pollinators! Matt Griffith

Cottage Grove, WI


APB = American plum borer


CM = Codling moth

DWB = Dogwood borer






PC = Plum curculio









Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

to your own

presentation.

September 2016When color-picking fruit, I find myself eating bites of several

apples to help "calibrate" my eyes! This is a large Honeycrisp

in the foreground and Hog's Back Bluff in the background.

Sara Ecker


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

10

Note:

You can print

this template

to use as a

wall calendar.

You can also

copy the

slide for any

month to add

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presentation.

29 30 31 01 02 0403

05 06 07 08 09 1110

12 13 14 15 16 1817

19 20 21 22 23 2524

26 27 28 29 30 0201

03 04 05 06 07 0908


2016SEPTEMBERSeptember 1-8, 2387-2575 DD (50°F)

• Complete the pre-harvest damage

assessment.

• Check all pheromone traps.

Insect monitoring: AM, CM, OBLR and RBLR; Disease monitoring: apple scab, sooty blotch, fly speck, black, white and bitter rot.

Orchard Phenology

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

Full bins resting on the dock. Sara Ecker

Ecker's Apple Farm, Trempealeau, WI


CM = Codling moth





Note:

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wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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October 2016 Fog lingering on a cool fall morning. Scott Kee


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

11

Note:

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wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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26 27 28 29 30 0201

03 04 05 06 07 0908

10 11 12 13 14 1615

17 18 19 20 21 2322

24 25 26 27 28 3029

31 01 02 03 04 0605


2016OCTOBERPost-harvest IPM Goals• Remove monitoring traps from the

orchard. Store reusable traps

indoors until next season.

• Scout weeds in tree rows.

Document species, growth stage or

size and location within the field.

Apply pre-emergent herbicide

following harvest if weeds are over

threshold.

• Mow grass between rows to remove

shelter for voles and mice. Deploy

rodenticides in bait stations when

groundcover undergoes

senescence. Avoid broadcasting

baits and using grain-based

rodenticides.

• Vole damage occurs when

ground cover is dormant.

Tree injury does not

typically occur when

groundcover is actively

growing.

• Monitoring protocol for

voles: http://extension.

missouri.edu/p/G9445.

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

____________William's Pride is one of the earliest apple varieties stocked at

Apple Blossom Orchard and Market. Christina Hanson

Black Creek, WI



Note:

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wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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November 2016Black Welsh Mountain and Chocolate Welsh Mountain sheep are an

important part of our farm, both for meat and wool products, and as an

active part of our IPM efforts. Their late-fall cleanup helps orchard

floor management, disease and pest control, and provides fertilizer.

Liz Griffith


IPM Institute

of North America

http://extension.missouri.edu/p/G9445

10/12/2016

12

Note:

You can print

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wall calendar.

You can also

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slide for any

month to add

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31 01 02 03 04 0605

07 08 09 10 11 1312

14 15 16 17 18 2019

21 22 23 24 25 2726

28 29 30 01 02 0403

05 06 07 08 09 1110


2016NOVEMBERPost-harvest IPM Goals

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

• Scout for rodent activity

and/or damage.

• Chop leaf debris prior to

green tip with a flail or rotary

mower.

New block cover cropped with oats and peas the fall before

planting. Rami Aburomia

Oak Rock Orchard, Mt. Horeb, WIIPM Institute of North America, 608 232-1410


Note:

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December 2016 New beginnings for Oak Rock Orchard. Rami Aburomia

Mt. Horeb, WI

IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

13

Note:

You can print

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wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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28 29 30 01 02 0403

05 06 07 08 09 1110

12 13 14 15 16 1817

19 20 21 22 23 2524

26 27 28 29 30 0131

02 03 04 05 06 0807


2016DECEMBERPost-harvest IPM Goals• Review pre-harvest damage

assessment to evaluate performance

of IPM program and plan for next

year.

• Monitor fruit in storage for post-

harvest diseases and disorders.

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

__________________

In winter, snow makes Apple Blossom Orchard and Market

glisten - a sight to behold. Christina Hanson

Black Creek, WI



Great Lakes Fruit, Vegetable and Farm Market Expo; Grand Rapids, MI

Note:

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slide for any

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January 2017Standard McIntosh tree during the our last weekend open in

November 2015. Liz Griffith


IPM Institute

of North America

10/12/2016

14

Note:

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wall calendar.

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slide for any

month to add

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25 26 27 28 29 0130

02 03 04 05 06 0807

09 10 11 12 13 1514

16 17 18 19 20 2221

23 24 25 26 27 2928

30 31 01 02 03 0504


2016MAYOrchard Phenology



Some of our honeybee hives at the beginning of winter,

December 2014. They made it through well.. Liz Griffith

Cottage Grove, WI

Preseason IPM Goals• Review pre-harvest damage

assessment by block for San Jose

and oystershell scale. Train pruning

crew to recognize scale insects and

fire blight cankers. Report and mark

scale problem areas with flagging

tape to help target dormant or

delayed-dormant sprays. Monitor

these areas with double-sided tape

during the growing season to time

insecticide applications during active

crawler stage.

• Prune out fire blight cankers.

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

___________________

____________

JANUARY 2017

Note:

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2016 Apple A Day IPM CalendarUse the following formula to calculate degree days for codling

moth development:

ℎ𝑖𝑔ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 + 𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒

2− 50 = 𝑑𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠

The upper and lower developmental parameters for CM are 86° and 50°F. If

the daily high/low temperature is warmer or cooler than the upper or lower

limits use the upper or lower developmental parameters (86° or 50°F)

instead of the daily high/low temperature.

Example 1: May 21, high 56°, low 42°F56° + 50°𝐹

2− 50 = 3 𝐷𝐷

Example 2: July 27, high 93°, low 72°F86° + 72°𝐹

2− 50 = 29 𝐷𝐷

Example 3: August 18, high 78°, low 52°F78° + 52°𝐹

2− 50 = 15 𝐷𝐷

IPM Institute of North America, 1020 Regent St., Madison WI 53715, 608 232-1410


Sprayer and Tractor Calibration: An Easy Way To Save

Over the course of ten pesticide applications, just a two-gallon-per-acre

(GPA) discrepancy at 50 GPA can result in an additional 800 gallons of

water and pesticide on 40 acres. At $50 - $60 per acre in pesticide costs,

you will spend an additional $800 to $1000 that could be saved through

proper calibration.

The example below shows how this two GPA difference can happen with

only a slight change in your tractor’s ground speed. The savings are real.

Call Peter Werts at 608 232-1410 today to set up a sprayer calibration

appointment for spring 2016.

FOLIAR CALCIUM RATES FOR COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS

Ideally apply 6-8 applications per season (4-12 lb. actual calcium/acre).

Product* % CaRate per 100

gallons/ acre

Actual lb. Ca

applied

Calcium chloride (CaCl2) 28% 4 lb./ 100 1.1

Calcium nitrate [Ca(NO3)2] 20% 7 lb./ 100 1.4

Nutri-Cal 8% 1 gal./ 100 0.6

Pit-Cal 12% 1 gal./ 100 1.4

Stopit 12% 1 gal./ 100 1.3

*Always read and follow product label instructions.

Adapted from M. Stasiak, Researcher, Peninsular Agriculture Research Station,

University of Wisconsin-Madison. Nutrient Guidelines for Wisconsin Apple and Cherry

Orchards (2010).

Tractor Ground Speed Calibration

Tractor model: New Holland TN95F Date: 3/29/2015

Displayed Speed Calibrated Speed

Tractor 4.1 mphDistanc

e

Speed

one

Speed

twoAverage Ground

speed

Difference

displayed vs.

actual speed

GPS 4.1 mph 450 ft. 78 sec. 78 sec. 78 sec. 3.93 mph 4.20%

Calibrated Ground Speed

Distance (ft.)X

60=

450X

60= 3.93 MPH

Time (sec.) 88 78 88

Airblast Sprayer Calibration and Impact from 4.2% Change in Speed

Gallons Per Acre Tractor/GPS Speed, 20 ft. Row Center, 4.1 mph

Total GPM x 495=

8.3 x 495=

4108.5050.10 GPA

mph x row space (ft.) 4.1x 20 82

Gallons Per Acre Calibrated Speed, 20 ft. Row Center, 3.93 mph

Total GPM X 495=

8.3 x 495=

4108.5052.27 GPA

mph x row space (ft.) 3.93 x 20 78.6

2016 apple a day ipm calendar · 10/12/2016 1 note: you can print this template to use as a wall...

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