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FORFORFORFORFORUMUMUMUMUM

FOR A BETTER

HYDERABAD

SSSSSixteen ixteen ixteen ixteen ixteen YYYYYears of Aears of Aears of Aears of Aears of Activism & Sctivism & Sctivism & Sctivism & Sctivism & Sererererervicevicevicevicevice

Annual NumberAnnual NumberAnnual NumberAnnual NumberAnnual Number

2015-20162015-20162015-20162015-20162015-2016

Edited and Publishedby

FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD“CHANDRAM” 490, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

Mobile: 9030626288, Fax: 0091-40-27635644,E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

Cover Photo : M. M. M. M. M. VVVVVedakumar & edakumar & edakumar & edakumar & edakumar & TTTTT. S. S. S. S. Swamywamywamywamywamy, , , , , Layout Design : Charita ICharita ICharita ICharita ICharita Imprmprmprmprmpressionsessionsessionsessionsessions

Printed at: DDDDDeccan Peccan Peccan Peccan Peccan Prrrrress, Aess, Aess, Aess, Aess, Azamabad, Hzamabad, Hzamabad, Hzamabad, Hzamabad, Hyyyyyderabad. Pderabad. Pderabad. Pderabad. Pderabad. Ph: 040-27678411h: 040-27678411h: 040-27678411h: 040-27678411h: 040-27678411

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The Theme of World Environment Day

2016 (5th June) is:

Zero Tolerance ForThe Illegal Wildlife Trade

The FORThe FORThe FORThe FORThe FORUM’UM’UM’UM’UM’s Os Os Os Os Objectivbjectivbjectivbjectivbjectives ares ares ares ares are:e:e:e:e:

To be proactive and constructive.

To mobilize public opinion.

To stand up and make it heard on major issues exposing lack of concern or neglect ofenvironmental consideration.

To involve in decision-making on such issues.

The FORUM is focused on issues pertaining to Sustainable Development by highlighting theecological and environmental problems caused by uncaring and unthinking developmental activitiesdisregarding required prior assessment.

The FORUM is functioning through various committees, and is networking with NGOs,bringing to light issues pertaining to Urban Planning, Urban Development & Management, HeritageConservation, Lakes & Water Bodies, Parks - Forests & open space, Traffic & Transportation, Water& Air Pollution, Solid & Industrial Waste Management, Rock Formations, Right to Information.Relevant issues are brought to the notice of the Authorities (and if required pressurizing them totake action) offering positive suggestions and optimum solutions. The FORUM also files PublicInterest Litigations whenever called for.

FORFORFORFORFORUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADAAAAAdvisorsdvisorsdvisorsdvisorsdvisors

SSSSSri.B.Pri.B.Pri.B.Pri.B.Pri.B.P.R.V.R.V.R.V.R.V.R.Vitthal, IAS., (itthal, IAS., (itthal, IAS., (itthal, IAS., (itthal, IAS., (retd., ) Former Chief Secretary, Govt.of Andhra PradeshSSSSSri.J.M.Lri.J.M.Lri.J.M.Lri.J.M.Lri.J.M.Lyngdoh, IAS., (yngdoh, IAS., (yngdoh, IAS., (yngdoh, IAS., (yngdoh, IAS., (retd., ) Former Chief Election Commissioner of India

EEEEExxxxxecutivecutivecutivecutivecutive Committeee Committeee Committeee Committeee CommitteeSSSSSri. M. ri. M. ri. M. ri. M. ri. M. VVVVVedakumaredakumaredakumaredakumaredakumar PresidentSSSSSri. M.H. Raori. M.H. Raori. M.H. Raori. M.H. Raori. M.H. Rao Vice-PresidentSSSSSri.ri.ri.ri.ri. OOOOOmim Mmim Mmim Mmim Mmim Maneckshaw Daneckshaw Daneckshaw Daneckshaw Daneckshaw Debaraebaraebaraebaraebara General SecretaryDDDDDrrrrr. . . . . VVVVV. B. J. Rao Chelikani. B. J. Rao Chelikani. B. J. Rao Chelikani. B. J. Rao Chelikani. B. J. Rao Chelikani TreasurerSSSSSmt. Smt. Smt. Smt. Smt. Sanghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Malikalikalikalikalik Joint SecretaryDDDDDrrrrr. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. M. Mandalandalandalandalandal E.C. MemberMrs. FMrs. FMrs. FMrs. FMrs. Frauke Qrauke Qrauke Qrauke Qrauke Quaderuaderuaderuaderuader E.C. MemberDDDDDrrrrr. C. K. C. K. C. K. C. K. C. Kulsum Rulsum Rulsum Rulsum Rulsum Reddyeddyeddyeddyeddy E.C. Member

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Capt. J.Rama Rao, (I.N., Retd., ) V.S.M,Mr. Naram Krishan Rao, Former Chief Engineer, P.H.Mr. M.Vedakumar, Engineer, Urban & Regional PlannerMr. M.H.Rao, EnvironmentalistMr. Omim Maneckshaw Debara, IIPE, COPESM. Mandal, Managing Trustee,

Hum Sab Hindustani TrustDr. V.B.J.Chelikani Rao, President, U-FERWASDr. C.Kulsum Reddy, Concerned CitizensMs. Sanghamitra Malik, Apna WatanMs. Frauke Quader, Society to Save RocksDr. Jasveen Jairath, Convenor, Concerned CitizensMr. R. K.Sinha, Retired Principal,

State Bank Inst. Of Rural Dev.Ms. Farida Tampal, State Director, WWFMr. Mazher Hussain, Director, COVAMr. K.S.Murthy, AdvocateLn. S. DhanunjayaMr. C.Ramachandraiah, CESSCapt. Manohar Sharma. President,

Uma Nagar Residents’ Welfare associationMr. S.Jeevan Kumar, President, Human Rights ForumSr. S.Selvin MeryMrs. Shobha Singh, EducationistMr. R.Ravi, SamataMr. Ali Asghar, Director, EED, Roshan VikasMr. M.Kamal Naidu, IFS(R), W.W.F.-APMr. T. RajenderMr. E.R.M. Prabhakar Rao, Civil & Structural Engineer, EnvironmentMr. B.Ramakrishnam Raju, Convenor, NAPM, APMr. Afzal, (PUCAAR)Mr. T.Dharma Rao, Chief Engineer (R)Mr. Mohammed Turab, Executive Secretary, COVA.Mr. Syed SabirMr. Umesh Varma, Co-ordinator, Joint Action for WaterMr. K.Vijayaraghavan, MMTS Travellers GroupMr. K.Umapathy, IAS(R), INTACH.Mr. Asheesh Pitti, Birdwatchers Society of A.P.,Mr. Anil C. Dayakar, GAMANA.Mr. Narendra Luther, IAS (R), Society to Save RocksMr. Dipankar Dutta,Mr. RajkumarMr. Belal, Social ActivistMr. Venkateshwarlu, CHATRIMr. Chandra Prakash, KalakarMr. D. Ashok KumarMr. M.Gopal Krishna, IAS, Retd.,Mr. Sagar Dhara, Director, Ceram FoundationProf. K.Purshotham Reddy, Osmania UniversityMr. A.H.Moosvi, IFS(R), Former PCCF, APDr. K.Babu Rao, Scientist, CCMBDr. K.L.Vyas, Osmania University.Mr. K.Prabhakar, Children’s Educational Academy

Dr. Satyalakshmi Rao, Red Cross Institute of YogaMr. Saugath GanguliMs. Sheela Prasad, University of HyderabadMs. Arshea Sultana, Urban PlannerMs. Kanthi Kannan, The Right to Walk FoundationDr. Yerram Raju, Regional Director, PRMIAMr. Sajjad Shahid, Co-convenor, INTACH Hyd.ChapterDr. Chenna Basavaiah, Convenor, MADAMr. G.K.B.Chowdary, JETLMr. K.V.KrishnamachariLion. S.Dhananjaya, Social ActivistMs. Maya AnavarthamDr. K. Mutyam Reddy, Former Registrar,

Mahatma Gandhi UniversityMr. T.Vijayendra, EnvironmentalistMs. G.Moti Kumari, AP.U.N.A.Ms. Asha Dua, Social ActivistDr. Arun K.Patnaik, CESSMr. Bada Binjafar, Social Welfare SocietyMr. Ch. Devi PrasadMs. Nandita Sen, Society to Save RocksMr. V.Nagulu, Osmania UniversityDr. D.Narasimha Reddy, President, Chetana SocietyMr. P.Narayan Rao, EnvironmentalistMr. Aslam KhanMr. K.V.Narayana, CESSMr. Rashid AhmedMr. K.Narasimha Reddy, Ex-MLA (Bhuvanagiri)Mr. Praveen, SPEQLMr. BeigMr. Sattar MujahedMr. N.Rajeshwar Rao, LawyerMr. R.K.Rao, IFS (R) Former PCCF, A.P.Mr. G.B.Reddy, EnvironmentalistMr. K. Laxmi NarayanaMr. BalrajMs. Saraswati Rao, M.S.D.Dr. Bina SengarMr. A.SrinivasMr. Narasimham, ArchitectMr. Soloman Raju, GAMANAMr. H.D.SrinivasMr. P.Janardhan ReddyMs. S.KalyaniMr. T.ChakradharMs. P.Anuradha ReddyMs. Champak RaoCol. N.A.KumarMr. S.R.VijayakarMs. Devi RaoDr. Narayan SangamMr. S.Srinivasa Reddy, Project Director, APSAMr. Adarsh Srivastava

FORFORFORFORFORUM MEMBERS, ASSOCIAUM MEMBERS, ASSOCIAUM MEMBERS, ASSOCIAUM MEMBERS, ASSOCIAUM MEMBERS, ASSOCIATED INDIVIDUTED INDIVIDUTED INDIVIDUTED INDIVIDUTED INDIVIDUALS & ORALS & ORALS & ORALS & ORALS & ORGANISAGANISAGANISAGANISAGANISATIONSTIONSTIONSTIONSTIONS

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NNNNNetworetworetworetworetworked:ked:ked:ked:ked:

* APNAWATAN * COVA * CHATRI * APSA * CONCERNED CITIZENS * CHETANA SOCIETY * CITIZENS’ FOR BETTER PUBLICTRANSPORT * CHILDREN’S EDUCATION ACADEMY (CEA) * CHELIMI FOUNDATION * DECCAN DEVELOPMENT SOCIETY* DECCAN ACADEMY * DELOITTE * IAAB, Hyd * THE RIGHT TO WALK FOUNDATION * GAMANA * HYDERABAD ACTIONGROUP * HELP * INTACH, HYDERABAD CHAPTER * HUMAN WELFARE FOUNDATION * INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERS, A.P. *DECCAN ACADEMY * JANA VIGNANA VEDIKA * MOVEMENT AGAINST URANIUM PROJECT (MAUP) * MMTS TRAVELLERSGROUP * FORUM FOR A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT * PLANETARY SOCIETY OF INDIA * SAVE ROCKS SOCIETY *TARNAKA RESIDENTIAL WELFARE ASSOCIATION * TURAGA FOUNDATION * UMANAGAR RESIDENT’S WELFAREASSOCIATION * UNITED FORUM FOR RTI CAMPAIGN * DECCAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE * FORUM FOR A BETTERVISHAKA * M.V.FOUNDATION * NAPM * UNITED FEDERATION OF RESIDENTIAL WELFARE ASSOCIATIONS (U-FERWAS) *BIRD WATCHERS’ SOCIETY * SOUL (Save Our Urban Lakes) * SAVE LAKES SOCIETY, Hyd * ITMC (Its Time to Make a Change) *APEC GROUP * HERITAGE WATCH * V.K.DHAGE NAGAR WELFARE SOCIETY, Hyd * SAAKSHI (NGO) * SPEQL

Mr. Mahesh, Musi lifeMrs. SuhasiniMr. S. Sudershan ReddyMr. Vishnu Kumar, SPA, JNTUMr. Raavi VenugopalMr. S.Q.MasoodMrs. Vajra KumariMohd. Kaleem AhmedMr. M.A.ThariqMr. Vipin BenjaminMr. L. ShatrugnaMr. Abhishek RichariaMr. Syed Khaled Shah ChistyMr. Murali SagarMr. C.S.ReddyMr. Balakrishna MehtaMr. Naemi FuhramannMr A. Raja SharmaMr. N.V.WonkarMr. Mohd. HabibMr. P.C.MenonMr. Bhadri NarayanaMr. Abbas MoosviMr. Rajender ReddyMr. Mortuza MoosviMr. P.S.N. PrasadMs. Latha RaoMrs. A.V.AmbikaDr. Sarosh BastawalaMr. B. Shiva SrinivasMr. V. Yella ReddyMr. Majid-ur-RahamanMr. S. Rahul RaoDr. Shyam Sunder PrasadMr. Omer KhanMr. KamalakarMs. AshwiniMr. G. Nagamohan, ArtistMs. Padma BalachandranMr. Iliyas Ahmed KhanMr. V.Dakshina Murthy

Mr. Mirza Zubin BaigMr. Devender PochampallyMr. Navin ShahDr. Shivaji VadrevuMrs. Meera DeshpandeMrs. A.Sita DeviMd.AshfaqMr.BaswarajMr. Wajid AhmedMrs.R.IndiraMr. Subhash ReddyMr. Hari BabuMr. Siddharth GoelMr. RohanMr. T. SwamyMr. MatinMr. Praveen IndooriMr. T.BalaswamyMr. Gaffar SahebMr. MohanlalMr. Subhash ReddyMr. Ch. RavinderMr. P.Srinivas RaoMr. JayaveerMr. D.KrishnaMr. S. Sudhakar RaoMr. Anwar KhanMr. V. BhagavanMr. RaghunandhanMr. S.Gopal RaoMr.D.P.Reddy, TDFEr. P. Ramgopal RaoMr.Kakarla Venkata Ratnam, CPREEC, HydMrs.A.Shiva Rani, APSAMohd. RaheemuddinMr.M.Padmanabha Reddy, Social ActivistMr.Pittala Srisailam, Social Activist,

Co-convenor, Telangana Journalist’s ForumMr.Ilyas Ur Rehaman, Social ActivistMr.D.Venkatesh, Social ActivistMr.Sudhakar Goud, Former Head, British CouncilMr.Koppula Narsanna, Social Activist

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CONTENTCONTENTCONTENTCONTENTCONTENTSSSSS

FOREFOREFOREFOREFOREWWWWWORDORDORDORDORDBy Mr. M.Vedakumar 7

URBAN PLURBAN PLURBAN PLURBAN PLURBAN PLANNING AND GOANNING AND GOANNING AND GOANNING AND GOANNING AND GOVERNANCEVERNANCEVERNANCEVERNANCEVERNANCEAir Pollution by Vehicles in Cities by Mr. Qamar Mohammad Khan 9The Civil Society by Mr. Rao V.B.J. Chelikani 15Development Driven Destruction-Urban Challenges by Mr. S. Jeevan Kumar 25A representation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Secretary, Govt.of Telangana.

by Mr. M. Mandal 29

ENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRONMENT AND DEONMENT AND DEONMENT AND DEONMENT AND DEONMENT AND DEVELVELVELVELVELOPMENTOPMENTOPMENTOPMENTOPMENTEnvironmental Planning for Sustainable Development by Dr. K.L.Vyas 31Sustainable Development: Need of Hour by Dr. Narayan Sangam 36

HERITHERITHERITHERITHERITAAAAAGEGEGEGEGENeed For Integrating Heritage Conservation And Urban Development

For Hyderabad by Er. Vedakumar.M 37Qutb Shahi Gardens of Golkonda and Hyderabad by Mr. Mohd. Abdul Qayyum 41Unknown Heritage site in Medak District by Mr. M.H. Rao 45A representation dtd. 4.8.2014 To CM re-heritage, environment planning, etc.

by Mr. Vedakumar.M 48Press Release to Cancel the G.O. 183 to save and protect Historical /

Heritage Buildings in Hyderabad by Mr. Vedakumar.M 55FBH welcomes the judgment of High Court on making the

Government responsible to protect and safeguard the Historical / HeritageBuildings in Hyderabad and not to demolish the HBs withoutHigh Court permission by Mr. Vedakumar.M 56

ROCK FORMAROCK FORMAROCK FORMAROCK FORMAROCK FORMATIONS:TIONS:TIONS:TIONS:TIONS:Are Rocks Doomed inHyderabad? by Mrs. Frauke Qader 57

SOLID SOLID SOLID SOLID SOLID WWWWWASTE MANAASTE MANAASTE MANAASTE MANAASTE MANAGEMENTGEMENTGEMENTGEMENTGEMENTHyderabad Ko Khoob Chamkayein by Mrs. Sanghamitra Malik 59

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ECOLECOLECOLECOLECOLOGYOGYOGYOGYOGY-FOREST-FOREST-FOREST-FOREST-FORESTS-TREESS-TREESS-TREESS-TREESS-TREES

Kahaan Hai Oxygen? by Mrs.Sanghamitra Malik 60

Save The Parks In Hyderabad by Mrs.Sanghamitra Malik 61

REPORREPORREPORREPORREPORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORUM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16ththththth ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSARY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRATIONS on 05-06-2016TIONS on 05-06-2016TIONS on 05-06-2016TIONS on 05-06-2016TIONS on 05-06-2016 62

REPORREPORREPORREPORREPORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORT ON FORUM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15ththththth ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSARY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRATIONS on 05-06-2015TIONS on 05-06-2015TIONS on 05-06-2015TIONS on 05-06-2015TIONS on 05-06-2015 63

GLIMPSES FRGLIMPSES FRGLIMPSES FRGLIMPSES FRGLIMPSES FROM FOROM FOROM FOROM FOROM FORUM’S PUM’S PUM’S PUM’S PUM’S PAST ANNIVERSARAST ANNIVERSARAST ANNIVERSARAST ANNIVERSARAST ANNIVERSARY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRATIONSTIONSTIONSTIONSTIONS 65

STSTSTSTSTAAAAATUS OF COURTUS OF COURTUS OF COURTUS OF COURTUS OF COURT CASES PT CASES PT CASES PT CASES PT CASES PENDING AS ON 30-4-1ENDING AS ON 30-4-1ENDING AS ON 30-4-1ENDING AS ON 30-4-1ENDING AS ON 30-4-16 68

LET US CELEBRALET US CELEBRALET US CELEBRALET US CELEBRALET US CELEBRATE GANESH CHATE GANESH CHATE GANESH CHATE GANESH CHATE GANESH CHATURTURTURTURTURTHI IN AN ECOFRIENDLTHI IN AN ECOFRIENDLTHI IN AN ECOFRIENDLTHI IN AN ECOFRIENDLTHI IN AN ECOFRIENDLY MANNERY MANNERY MANNERY MANNERY MANNER

LET US NO LET US NO LET US NO LET US NO LET US NOT DENIGRAT DENIGRAT DENIGRAT DENIGRAT DENIGRATE HIS CREATE HIS CREATE HIS CREATE HIS CREATE HIS CREATIONTIONTIONTIONTION 71

Recent May 2016 winds & rain in Hyderabad

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FFFFForororororeeeeeworworworworworddddd

MrMrMrMrMr. M. . M. . M. . M. . M. VVVVVedakumaredakumaredakumaredakumaredakumar,,,,,Civil Engineer, Urban & Regional Planner

President, Forum For A Better Hyderabad

The Forum for a Better Hyderabad completes Sixteen successful Years by rendering its relentless effortstowards many various fields by acting as a platform for various friendly organizations to raise voice on manyissues related to Urban Planning, Urban Development & Management, Heritage Conservation, Lakes & WaterBodies, Parks - Forests & Open Space, Traffic & Transportation, Water & Air Pollution, Solid & IndustrialWaste Management, Rock Formations, Right to Information etc. Every year, the Forum for a Better Hyderabadhas been advocating against many of the above mentioned areas of concern. Heritage Conservation had alwaysbeen a major concern for the Forum and it could even protect many historical buildings and monuments fromdemolition.

The Forum is in continuous pursuation with past and new governments for ultimate solutions for manymajor issues of the city. Planning is the process of systematic study, analysis, classification, assessment and properutilization of available resources for optimum and sustained benefits. Present world is witnessing a growingconcern for environmental issues, as the magnitude of problem is so vast and diversified. However, Dr.K.L.Vyas,environmentalist expresses his concern over global environmental degradation. In this regard, he feels, there is anurge to improve our living conditions by proper planning and active participation of Civil Societies and forsufficient greenery in a city, which not only provides plenty of oxygen, but creates an atmosphere for the existenceof Flora and Fauna.

As Hyderabad has grown in size and is emerging as a global megacity, its growing water requirements havebeen met by undertaking long-distance water projects over the years. The local water resources have been neglected.Osmansagar and Himayatsagar dry up due to blockage of rain water catchment areas. The future water securityof Hyderabad city lies in an integrated management of the entire catchment area of the Musi river and a numberof water bodies that are still existing in and around the city. The Government should formulate and implementstringent rules to protect from the encroachment of water bodies of various sizes. There is a need for the protectionof Surface Water Resources and Water Oriented Development plans.The Forum for a Better Hyderabad has beenfighting for protection of water bodies and Lakes in the city and on uncontrollable encroachments around thelakes since more than two decades.

Vehicles are a major pollution contributor, producing significant amounts of nitrogen oxides, carbonmonoxide, and other pollution.The air pollution carries significant risks for human health and the environment.Through clean vehicle and fuel technologies, we can significantly reduce air pollution from our cars and trucks.Carsand trucks produce air pollution throughout their life, including pollution emitted during vehicle operation,refueling, manufacturing, and disposal. Mr. Qamar Mohammad Khan, environmentalist felt that there is anurgent need of improving public transport system and parking areas in all the cities of our country in general andin Hyderabad in particular and to increase the strength of Police and Transport department personnel,simultaneously reducing the corruption and improving sincerity among personnel of law enforcing agencieswhich will definitely improve the conditions on the roads of our cities and towns and much cleaner air will beavailable for all of us. Mass transport should be provided in all the areas of city to lessen using of private vehicles.Government should see that concerned departments check for quality of the fuel and oils supplied from fuelpumps frequently without any information to the pumps and if found adulterating take stringent action.

Expressing major concern over Sustainable Development, Dr Narayan Sangam considers that there is anurgent need for use of renewable energy sources in most parts of the world along with the use of scientific

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techniques of rain water harvesting structures which will make the implementation of sustainable developmentpossible everywhere.

The role of civil society is becoming an increasingly important part of the development of a city.Mr. RaoV.B.J. Chelikani expresses that the NGOs, after independence have been very much focused on developmentalissues independently or in cooperation with local, state and central governments.Local governance in urban areasat the municipal ward level is increasingly involving the civil society organizations in the states of Telangana andA.P., since it is they who form the ward committees and hold the area sabhas. The Resident Welfare Associationsare emerging as the fourth-tier of governance as far as their vertical and horizontal associations are concerned forpromoting microurban communities and for local development.

Industrialization and urbanization in terms of development approach has a great significance in history.Urban growth coupled with industrial development induced rural-urban migration whereby the cities of biggersize, offering opportunities of improving life, tend to overflow with the rural migrants. Mr.S.Jeevan Kumarexpresses that a proper resolution to this double dialectic of impasse requires a renewed political commitment tolocally and ecologically appropriate, egalitarian and democratically determined development processes that enhancelocal livelihoods and food security. However, this requires programmatic social movements that push beyondcontingent alliances against dispossession and engage with fundamental reconfigurations of relations with landand resources that effectively counter capitalist land grabs for a deeper historical resolution of India’s land impasse.

The grandeur and heritage of the city of Hyderabad is facing the danger of extinction due to rapid urbandevelopment.Preserving the past is an essential part of creating liveable, sustainable cities. Conservation of a city’shistoric Built Heritage and cultural heritage enriches the city and the quality of life. Mr.M.Vedakumar urged theNeed For Integrating Heritage Conservation And Urban Development For Hyderabad. The Integrated conservationto be aimed at improving general conditions by stimulating the local economy, employment, social housing andprivate investments, using existing historic values in the built environment and adding new economic, social andcultural values. Experience shows that conservation of built heritage can be effectively integrated with urbandevelopment to create a city that is both livable and dynamic.

FBH welcomed the judgment of High Court on making the Government responsible to protect and safeguardHistorical / Heritage Buildings in Hyderabad and not to demolish the HBs without High Court’s is permission.

Mr. Mohd. Abdul Qayyum, historian remembered the role of Qutb Shahi Kings in forming the City ofHyderabad with its exquisite layout and embellishments may rightly be regarded as a memorial of Qutb ShahiKings and mentioned about the first garden of Qutb Shahi period called as Bagh-Faiz-e-Asar (present QutbShahi gardens of Golkonda) by Sultan Quli-I.

Mr. M.H. Rao expressed his interest to unearth unknown historical sites including pre-historic rock paintingsin Telangana.

Mrs. Frauke Quader felt that the the full Hitec city is built into a landscape of boulder formations withalmost all of them disappearing under immense modern corporate layouts.

She urged that as the citizens of Hyderabad, we should protect our spectacular, rocky cityscape.Sanghamitra Malik mentioned the importance of trees and submits the plea for preserving the trees through

her beautiful Urdu poems. She is also worried about the City’s green coverage, city’s development and glory andexpressed the need to move out the waste, debris and need for planting of trees for the greenary and to createawareness through hand bills.

The Forum for a Better Hyderabad welcomes the intellectuals and enthusiastic crusaders for their voluntaryparticipation and urges for their association and support to deal with the various issues of the city’s concern infuture.

* * *F

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9

The present day vehicles, like cars, busses orLorries are very fast moving and comfortable, butwhen they were first invented they were not in thepresent form, shape and condition. They were veryslow moving and not very comfortable. In 1768,the first steam powered automobile capable ofhuman transportation was built by Nicolas-JosephCugnot in France, and in 1886 the first petrolpowered automobile was invented and got patentedby Karl Benz in Germany. From its invention tilltoday car industry has undergone tremendouschanges. Cars were rapidly adopted in the UnitedStates of America, where they replaced animal-drawncarriages and carts, but took much longer to beaccepted in Western Europe and other less developedparts of the world.

In 1897, the first car ran on an Indian road inCalcutta. The next year, i.e. 1898, there were fourcars in Bombay, one of them owned by JamshedjiTata (who was an industrialist and formed Tatagroup). The other three cars were also owned byParsis of Bombay and Madras, the first recorded dateof a car being in regular use is 1901. In 1903, SamuelJohn Green of Simpson & Co, Madras, built India’sfirst steam car and caused a sensation on the roadsof the city. Two years later, Simpson’s built India’sfirst steam bus. It ran between Vijayawada andMachilipatnam, in what was possibly the first motorbus service in the country. The first car which rolledout in Hyderabad was a Luxurious Rolls Royceoriginally ordered by HEH the, Nizam VI ofHyderabad Mir Mehboob Ali Khan, in 1911.However, he died in August 1911, and it wasdelivered in the year 1912 to HEH the Nizam VIIMir Osman Ali Khan, who used it only for

Air PAir PAir PAir PAir Pollution Bollution Bollution Bollution Bollution By y y y y VVVVVehicles Iehicles Iehicles Iehicles Iehicles In Citiesn Citiesn Citiesn Citiesn Cities

MrMrMrMrMr. Q. Q. Q. Q. Qamar Mamar Mamar Mamar Mamar Mohammad Khanohammad Khanohammad Khanohammad Khanohammad Khan

ceremonial occasions. In India indigenous carmanufacturing factories, Hindustan Motors Ltd,Calcutta (which later produced Ambassador Cars),and Premier Automobiles Ltd Bombay (which laterproduced Premier Padmini Fiat Cars), wereestablished in 1942 and 1944 respectively toprogressively manufacture complete automobiles

When cars were invented perhaps it was a boonfor the people and were very few in number, as thevehicles were in the reach of a few elite people ofthe town or city, but with the passing of time anddevelopment, slowly vehicles were purchased bymost of the citizens for their personal and other uses.During the initial period when vehicle industrydeveloped, large areas were under forests and therewas no pollution problem throughout the globe.

Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result ofthe combustion of fuels such as natural gas, petrol,biodiesel blends, diesel, kerosene or coal. Accordingto the type of engine, exhaust gas is discharged intothe atmosphere through an exhaust pipe. Vehiclepollution is primarily caused by the dangerous by-products produced, as petrol or diesel is burnt in anengine to provide the energy necessary to power thecar. The following are the major pollutants orexhaust gasses from motor vehicles: Particulatematter (PM). These are the particles of soot andmetals and give smog its murky colour,Hydrocarbons (HC), Nitrogen oxides, Carbonmonoxide (CO), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Hazardousair pollutants (toxics), and Greenhouse gases (likecarbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone).With the passing of the time number of vehiclesincreased tremendously, and area under forest startedshrinking due to many other reasons. Pollutants

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started damaging the environment which caused illhealth among human beings and damage is causedto plants and buildings. (Charminar is a livingexample of this damage).The first widespreadintroduction of pollution control in the gassesemitted by the vehicles was taken by U.S byintroducing Catalytic converters. To comply withthe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s stricterregulation of exhaust emissions, gasoline poweredvehicles starting with the 1975 year were equippedwith Catalytic converters. United States automobileindustry first tried to reduce the pollution by fittinga devise known as Catalytic converter in the vehicles.A Catalytic converter is an emissions control devicethat converts toxic pollutants in exhaust gas to lesstoxic pollutants by catalyzing a redox reaction.Catalytic converters are used with internalcombustion engines fuelled by either petrol or diesel.Catalytic converter was invented by French chemicalengineer Eugene Houdry in the United States, onMay 5, 1950 and receiving his patent four years lateron April 6, 1954. Catalytic converters will serveefficiently for 150000 Km. to 200000 Km.

The first emission norms were introduced inIndia in 1991 for petrol and 1992 for diesel vehicles.These were followed by making the Catalyticconverter mandatory for vehicles and theintroduction of unleaded petrol in the market.Implementation of mandatory Catalytic convertersin 1995 for the four Metro cities was introduced.The standards, based on European regulations werefirst introduced in the year 2000. Progressivelystringent norms have been rolled out since then.All new vehicles manufactured after theimplementation of the norms have to be compliantwith the regulations. Since April 2010, Bharat stageIII norms have been enforced across the country In13 major cities, Bharat stage IV emission norms havebeen in place since October 2010 and Bharat stageV emission norms are proposed to be introduced inour country from April 2017. But the Centralgovernment has decided on 5- 1-2016 to skip BS V

and roll out BS VI fuel norms directly across thecountry from 2020 year (D.C. 6-1-2016). In factthis is a backward step according to me. Bharat Stage(BS) emission standards are instituted by theGovernment of India to regulate the output of airpollutants from internal combustion engineequipment. The standards and the timeline forimplementation are set by the Central PollutionControl Board under the Ministry of Environment& Forests and climate change. The phasing out of 2stroke engine for two wheelers, the stoppage ofproduction of Maruti 800 & introduction ofelectronic controls have been due to the regulationsrelated to vehicular emissions.

Today pollution by vehicles has reached themaximum and is an acute problem in various citiesof the world including India. Due to this pollution,environment is degraded. Scientists now believe thatthe various illnesses are exacerbated by air pollutionwhich is due to emission of vehicles. These illnessesinclude cardiovascular diseases, asthma, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, hyper tension, lungcancer, and diabetes. These pollutants also can causemild to severe irritation in the eyes, nose, throatand lungs. They can also be absorbed into the bodyand cause deterioration in general health. DelhiGovernment has already started restrictions on themovement of vehicles and allowing only odd or evenregistered number of vehicles on odd and even datesrespectively to ply on Delhi roads with exemptionof some vehicles. Supreme Court of India on 16-12-2015 banned the registration of diesel SUVs andvehicles above 2000 C.C. in Delhi and on 5-1- 2016refused to modify its earlier order dated 16-12-2015.Rome has temporarily banned cars for three daysfrom their roads in the last week of December 2015,in a bid to battle air pollution. Smog levels in theItalian cities have exceeded healthy levels for morethan 30 consecutive days prompting authorities totake the drastic measure. Capital city of Lombardi,of Italy, Milan second most populous city hasbanned cars, motorcycles and scooters from 10 AM

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to 4 PM. Vienna city in Austria with population of1800000, Brussels city in Belgium with populationof 200000, Lyon city of France with population ofabout 500000, Warsaw city of Poland withpopulation of about 1900000, Moscow city ofRussia with population of about 12000000, Sevillecity of Spain with population of 700000 and Zurichcity of Switzerland with population of about 400000have banned their vehicles from the roads in pastfor some time. The city of Florence has alsoannounced that it is restricting access to city centrefor those travelling by cars, or motorbikes. In 2012the European Environment Agency found that thecountry had the most air pollution related deathsin Europe. A study in 2013 by MassachusettsInstitute of Technology indicates that 53000 earlydeaths occur every year in the USA alone becauseof vehicle emissions. On 02-01-2016 China haswarned the people living in Beijing for air pollutionand alerted people living in several other cities andprovinces asking them to stay indoors and takeprecautions due to air pollution (mainly smog). Itissued orange alert which is only next to red. Chinahas four tier colors code ‘weather warning system’with red showing most severe weather, followed byorange, yellow and blue. (Deccan Chronicle dated4-1-2016). These are the cities which are very muchconscious of health of their citizens. Esteemedreaders can understand that the situation has becomevery grave and unless steps to check this pollutionare taken we will suffer significantly.

The following statement shows the increase ordecrease of pollutants from vehicle emission inHyderabad which is on the rise except Sulphurdioxide. (Source; Deccan Chronicle dated. 6-1-2016, with thanks)

Pollutant 1994 - 2015Carbon monoxide 126.17 - 212.0Particulate matter 1.9 - 11.9Nitrogen Oxide 16.84 - 138.0Hydro Carbons 56.33 - 59.0Sulphur dioxide 1.56 - 0.5

Even the inventors who invented vehicles,which was a boon for the general public wheninvented, were also not knowing that theirinventions will become a bane just after 125 yearsof their inventions, due to neglect by us. Todaypollution by vehicles is the biggest problem for mostof the countries. The banning of vehicles is not thesolution. If we consider the odd and even numberwhich is implemented in Delhi from 1-1-2016 (onexperimental basis) is not the solution for theproblem. We are allowing only 50% of the totalvehicles of Delhi to ply on the roads on any day butwhat about the other 50% which are not allowed toply on roads on that day, and purchased with heavyinvestment for some purpose? People somehow orthe other will find a solution to overcome this rulewith the passing of time and all the vehicles can beseen on the road on some pretext or the other. Wehave to study the problem and find out permanentsolutions. There should be honest attempt, politicalwill and strict implementation of rules andregulations by the authorities. If this is not tacklednow perhaps it will go beyond control in ourcountry, and cannot be tackled in future. Most ofthe State Governments’ welfare measures of ourcountry are laudable but what is the point inspending thousands of crores of rupees annuallywithout providing clean air which is available freeof cost in the environment, which now Governmentis not in a position to provide and due to thiscondition public is suffering with all types ofdiseases. We have to take some action to improvethe quality of air. What is to be done? If weimplement following practices in addition to strictemission restrictions perhaps we may get positiveresults and air quality can definitely be improved,as we have reduced Sulphur dioxide due to ourefforts.

AAAAAvvvvverage speed of verage speed of verage speed of verage speed of verage speed of vehicles in cities:ehicles in cities:ehicles in cities:ehicles in cities:ehicles in cities:The following is the average speed of the

vehicles in different countries and cities. In cities of

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USA 30 Miles/h or 45 Kms./h, in Sydney (Australia)42Kms/ h, in London it is about 36 Kms/h, inHyderabad 22.Kms/h, in Bangalore 20 kms/h, inNew Delhi 20 kms/h, Mumbai 22 kmp/h, inKolkata 18 kmp/ h, and in Chennai 20 Kms/h.These are the some of the examples of average speedsof vehicles and by observing the above figures wecan conclude that for travelling a distance of 45kilometres in cities of USA we take one hour, inSydney it is 1.07 hours, in London it is 1.25 hoursand in cities of our country it is about 2.04 hours,which means to travel same distance engine of avehicle, in USA and Australia will be running forabout one hour, in London for about one hourfifteen minutes and in Indian cities almost for about2 hours. Unnecessarily we are not only pollutingthe atmosphere for one hour extra than USA andAustralia, but also burning 100%extra naturalresources i.e. petrol LPG, CNG or diesel. There is aneed for increasing the average speed of the vehiclesin our cities by widening and maintaining roads invery good conditions, removing all theencroachments from the road, following the trafficsignals, People have to become traffic conscious,maintaining the engines of the vehicles in goodconditions by properly repairing/tuning engines,changing engine oil /gear oil as recommended bythe manufacturer, and following the lane drivingsystem,

AAAAAvvvvverage age of the verage age of the verage age of the verage age of the verage age of the vehicles:ehicles:ehicles:ehicles:ehicles:In Australia the average age of the vehicles is

10.5 years, the average age of vehicles on the roadin the U.S., is 11.5 years, the average age of vehicleslisted in Saudi Arabia is 3.8 years and 5.2 years inthe UAE. No statistical data is available for any state,state capital or for national capital of our country.It is estimated that in Hyderabad alone 8.0 lakhsvehicles mostly two and three wheelers, which areabove 20 years of age or more, and not fitted withCatalytic converters or following any norms ofemissions as prescribed by the Govt., are plying on

the roads and polluting the city. The same must bethe condition of the other cities of India with slightdifferences in number. Even if some of the vehiclesare fitted with catalytic converters its life has expiredand needs replacement of Catalytic converter.

Lane DLane DLane DLane DLane Driving system:riving system:riving system:riving system:riving system:In our country we have all types of vehicles on

the roads like Cycles, Pedal rickshaws, Motor cycles,Scooters, Auto rickshaws, Cars, Lorries, & Busseswhich are plying on the road and no lane system isfollowed. Every vehicle driver has the right to moveon the road from extreme right to extreme left inorder to overtake a vehicle, any number of timesand disturb the free movement of all other traffic.It is really herculean task to control such a mixtureof an vehicles in which slow and fast moving vehiclesare travelling together in a group according to theirwishes. There should be separate lanes for buses onthe extreme left side and no other vehicle should beallowed to come over to this lane and buses shouldnot be allowed to go on any other lane of the roadexcept while turning. This system is followed inAustralia. Likewise in the next lane only Pedalrickshaws, Scooters Motor cycles and Auto rickshawsshould be allowed. Cars should be allowed in thenext lane, if required two to three lanes can beprovided for cars depending on the traffic. Lorriesof any type should be allowed to ply on the roads inthe city only from 10 PM to 7 AM. There shouldbe separate 3 feet wide Cycle paths provided oneither side of the road and travelling by cycles shouldbe encouraged. The prices of Cycles should bereduced by reducing taxes. Awareness should bebrought in public to increase the use of cycles forshort distances. Foot paths should be provided onall the roads, pedestrians should be given utmostimportance and given full protection. For all this,roads have to be widened. Pedestrians should beallowed to cross the road only at a point where trafficsignals are provided. Police may restrict the entry ofcertain types of vehicles like rickshaws and auto

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rickshaws on certain important main roads at somepeak hours. These rules should be strictly followedand if not followed should be heavily fined, asordered by the Hyderabad High Court. High courtof Hyderabad had ordered that if motorcyclist isnot putting on helmets they should be fined morethan the cost of helmet to deter them fromcommitting same offence repeatedly.

IIIIIssue of driving licenses and vssue of driving licenses and vssue of driving licenses and vssue of driving licenses and vssue of driving licenses and vehicleehicleehicleehicleehiclerrrrregistrations:egistrations:egistrations:egistrations:egistrations:

In our country it is very easy to get drivinglicenses, through agents, but in all the developedcountries including Gulf countries it is very difficultto get the driving licenses. Initially learner’s licenseis issued and its validity is six months. During sixmonths period one has to attend fixed number ofclasses and then only he can appear for a drivingtest. If he is successful in this test he will be given aprovisional driving license with red ‘P’ plate of oneyear validity. Again after expiry of one year, he hasto appear for a test and if he comes out successfullyprovisional license with Green ‘P’ plate with avalidity of two years will be issued and finally aftertwo years again he has to appear for a final test andpermanent license will be granted to him if he issuccessful. These color ‘P’ plates are to be fixed tothe vehicle in front and back at conspicuous placesso that other drivers can see this vehicle and becareful with this vehicle. No corruption is involvedin this process. This long duration of about threeand half year is needed to perfectly train the driverwho drives safely and happily throughout his life.

In our country new vehicles if once registeredno one will think of it till completion of 15 years’time and again without any inspection by qualifiedmechanic, it will be re-registered for another 5 yearswhatever may be the condition of engine. Indeveloped countries like America and Australia thenew vehicles are to be registered every year for nextfive years without inspection by the mechanics. Butafter five years the vehicle is to be taken to the

authorized mechanic every year, who will inspectthe vehicle, with electronic machines after paymentof prescribed fees, and will forward his report onlineto the concerned RTA, who in turn will register thevehicle for one year. From sixth year onwardswithout inspection of the mechanic no vehicle willbe registered by the concerned authorities. Themechanic will inspect engine, emission, gear box,breaks, body, tyres, color, and upholstery and issuesa certificate for the roadworthiness of the vehicleand no leniency is shown by the mechanic.Mechanic will do his job honestly. All this is donewithout the involvement of any illegal money andwithout wasting any time. Police will not allow anyvehicle to ply without registration and imposes heavyfines. In Saudi Arabia, UAE, and other Gulfcountries even the owner or the driver cannot getthe vehicle repaired or painting done without theNOC from Police authorities. A system known as‘demerits’ is followed in Australia where 14 pointsare credited into the accounts, maintained by theauthorities, on the 1st of January every year to allthe drivers having licenses and for any traffic ruleviolations 3 points will be deducted from hisaccount, in addition to the fines. When all the pointsare deducted (14 points) for violation of traffic rules,licenses will be suspended for various durations orpermanently cancelled depending on the type ofoffence committed. During the long weekends andvacations, like Christmas and other vacations,double the demerit points i.e. 6 points will bededucted for violation of one traffic rule in additionto heavy fines. This is followed to compel the driversto drive very carefully in heavy traffic of longweekends or vacations. Large number of policepersonnel on all the roads, day and night will bepatrolling and checking the vehicles for anyviolations and for effectively implementing thisdemerits rule. In our country if once driving licenseis issued nobody thinks of cancelling it withoutbothering about all the violations of traffic rules.

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PPPPPublic ublic ublic ublic ublic TTTTTransporransporransporransporransport St St St St System and Pystem and Pystem and Pystem and Pystem and Parararararkingkingkingkingkingararararareas:eas:eas:eas:eas:

There is an urgent need for improving publictransport system and parking areas in all the citiesof our country in general and in Hyderabad inparticular. Metro rail should be provided in all theareas of city and should be very economical whencompared to own vehicles. It should be in the reachof all. Incentives like cash awards in the shape oflotteries should be given to the ticket numbers ofpassengers every week to attract them towards publictransport. Government should encourage electriccars by totally waiving all the taxes on it and giving50% subsidy for purchasing this car. All theGovernment cars in Hyderabad should be replacedby the electrically operated cars for all their officersexcept for some vehicles. In my opinion only thismove will substantially reduce air pollution inHyderabad. Present office timings should also bechanged and office timing should start before schooltimings which will reduce congestions on the road.

SSSSSupply of purupply of purupply of purupply of purupply of pure fuel and oils:e fuel and oils:e fuel and oils:e fuel and oils:e fuel and oils:Use of vehicles in Australia and America is

increasing every year, yet, air quality is actuallyimproving because of tighter controls on caremissions. Quality of fuel plays a major andimportant role in emissions. In Hyderabad city thereare hundreds of petrol pumps and the purity andquantity of fuel supplied from these pumps is notknown. Government should see that concerned

departments check for quality and quantity of thefuel and oils supplied from these pumps frequentlywithout any information to the pumps and if foundadulterating or supplying less quantity of fuels,licenses should be immediately cancelled. It isbelieved that used engine oil is recycled and sold insome of the pumps.

IIIIIncrncrncrncrncreasing the streasing the streasing the streasing the streasing the strength of law enforength of law enforength of law enforength of law enforength of law enforcingcingcingcingcingagency:agency:agency:agency:agency:

Name of country Police/100000 personsUSA 373India 131Australia 217Austria 376Belgium 421 If we see the above statement we will find that

India is having the minimum police personnel per100000 persons though it is the second highestpopulous country of the world next only to China.Out of the above numbers also, around half of theposts may be vacant. There is an urgent need toincrease the strength of Police and Transportdepartment personnel, simultaneously reducing thecorruption and improving sincerity amongpersonnel of law enforcing agencies which willdefinitely improve the conditions on the roads ofour cities and towns and much cleaner air will beavailable for all of us. Let us hope our Governmentwill protect us from vagaries of vehicular airpollution and from pollution related diseases.

F

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1. G1. G1. G1. G1. Genesis:enesis:enesis:enesis:enesis:Human beings as they evolved into living in

societies have acquired certain natural rights againsteach other , on reciprocal basis, such as, respect tolife, family, property, fair play, justice, socialsolidarity, etc. When we formed political state, weexpected the state to convert some of them into legalrights and manage them in the interests of all. Inour modern states, we have constitutions whicharticulate the same as the mandate of those whogovern. In our modern democracies, civil societyactivists and organizations are emerging in order toensure that the state agents function in conformityto the constitutional objectives, as well as toempower the citizens to build harmonious societiesand to participate in their development.

In the very sophisticated societies in which weare living, all the normative functions of the societyare not totally absorbed by the political state. Thesociety or the individual do still retain theopportunity to generate new normative values andpractices and to have a wider vision of humanrelations, beyond the framework of the politicalstate. It would be an affront to human dignity andgenius to think that the right to define andimplement all human normative behavior issurrendered, once for all, to the State and, moreparticularly, to its representatives who are elected,periodically. Can the individual, who is, unique, bydefinition be sacrificed at the altar of State securityby its principal priest, the State?

The civil society we are talking about is,precisely, that soul and voice of the society whichexpresses its irreducible and residual social faculties.These have never been surrendered to the State or

The Civil SThe Civil SThe Civil SThe Civil SThe Civil Societyocietyocietyocietyociety

MrMrMrMrMr. Rao . Rao . Rao . Rao . Rao VVVVV.B.J. Chelikani.B.J. Chelikani.B.J. Chelikani.B.J. Chelikani.B.J. Chelikani

to any of its judicial, legislative or executive wings.But, it has never been conceived to be another groupor an anti-State structure to replace its wings. Itsmain mission remains to inspire higher governancevalues and to transform the existing formal andinformal social mechanisms and structures towardshigher standards of common good. They may beconstitutional reforms, electoral reforms oradministrative reforms. As the context demands andas its technical possibilities augment, it isempowering itself more and more effectively, tointervene. It is a medium for multiple voices ofgroups and individuals to express their aspirationsfor better life.

Even though, our independence movement hasbeen, largely, led by civil society activists only, still,the founding-fathers of our constitution could notenvision the emergence of civil society, much less,to bestow a restraining role to them in the legal texts.Consequently, a Leviathanic State has been,constantly, expanding itself in order to absorb thesociety and all the human relations.

2. E2. E2. E2. E2. Evvvvvolution:olution:olution:olution:olution:a). No doubt, the civil society (cs) has, always,

been in existence in the form of public opinion inparallel to the regal dictates or religious canons. Ithas been a force to reckon with, however cruel andunjust it could, sometimes, be, according to theearliest Indian epic, the Ramayana. In India, parallelto political laws, the civil society’s normative systemis institutionalized through the concept of ‘Dharma.’But, precisely, the very fact that it is institutionalizedhas made it lose its spontaneity and relevance to thesocial evolution. The result has been contrary to the

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mission of the Hindu culture, which is non-dogmatic and open-ended.

In Europe, it was Montaigne in 1588 whomentioned public opinion as a political concept.Necker, the finance minister of Louis XVI in Francefeared this as a challenge to all human institutions.Later, Rousseau and Hegel have traced its historicalorigin as the General Will of the society. Publicopinion is formed and expressed itself by way ofpamphlets and journals during the FrenchRevolution. Jeremy Bentham in England gaveimportance to the public opinion as it would ensuremaximum happiness to the maximum number ofpeople.

Traditionally, some intellectuals in the society,though they were few and far in between, havealways been fulfilling the role of to-day’s cs. Theyhave always been there in history in all societies,questioning unjust governance, social injustices andviolation of human rights, tyrannical social andreligious practices and even unfair public opinion.They have been harbingers of new knowledge,challenging the old. Denunciation by means ofpoetry, stories, preaching has been the safest attitudeof the philosophers. Sometimes, they were cruellydealt with and were even physically eliminatedduring the medieval period by the obscurantistauthorities. Across the history, there were instanceswhere the priestly class, having lost all claims forpolitical power, reserved to themselves, occasionally,the functions of loyal opposition to the rulers, whenthey think it is anti-religious or against publicinterest.

Again history provides us very detailed accountsof such people in Europe. Socrates, the Greekphilosopher, Cicero, the Roman orator havevigorously condemned corruption during theirtimes. The Church used to question the kings. JesusChrist too, has challenged the merchants at thetemple. The Catholic Church had been periodicallychallenged. In the name of Enlightenment, itssuccessors, Locke, Hume, Voltaire, Montesquieu,

Diderot, Rousseau, using critical and secularreasoning, had been challenging the conventionalknowledge and its practices. In the case of DreyfusAffaire in France, we have seen the earliestgovernance critique against miscarriage of justice andpamphleteering by Emile Zola, the novelist.

Probably, the whole Upanishadic period mightas well be considered as a period of philosophicalchallenge to the establishment, by an oligarchy ofseveral schools of thought. Gautam Buddha, too,following the great republican tradition of his clan,believed in the election of a Mahasammat in theform of a contract. To a lesser extent, the Jains alsoplayed this role against the existing beliefs. Similarly,the shramanas, charvakas, nastikas, asuras, daityas,mayamohas had been cited as constant challengers.Later, Buddhist logicians like Nagarjuna,Vasubandhu, Dignaga, Dharmakirti had applieddialectical reasoning. Women like Andal, AkkaMahadevi and Mira exposed many values that werecontrary to the contemporary social virtues. So wereDara Shukhov and Amir Khusrau, etc. So were thesocial reformers in the early British period: Brahmosamaj, Prarthana samaj, Arya samaj, Theo-SophicalSociety, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Serfoji II, BalaGangadhara Tilak, Jyotiba Phule, Periyar, etc. Wecan add Vivekananda and Gandhiji to this long listof path breakers.

b).Indigenous inspiration for the formation ofnon-governmental organizations (ngos) came fromthe Servants of India Society which was started muchbefore the independence and later, it was the BharatSevak Samaj by Jawaharlal Nehru and SadachaarSamiti by Gulzarilal Nanda that operated as full-fledged ngos that were involved in nationaldevelopment programmes. But, undoubtedly, thefather of the peoples’ movement in modern Indiaremains Gandhiji, as he conceived his work throughIndian National Congress as a movement tomobilize and oragsnise people for their liberation.

However, across the world, in our politicalhistory, the civil society voice has never been,

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officially, taken note of, by any constitution. Bloodyrevolutions had to take place to explode thecontained discontent of the society against thepolitical State. Even the social democratic regimesthat prevailed in the Nineteenth century Europethought that the peoples ‘general will’ or a ‘synthesis’of it, is adequately represented by those who areelected. Already, towards the end of the 20th century,one has clearly seen the limits of the nationalist stateto represent the whole of the society. Efforts andnegotiations among the European States to governthemselves on the basis of regions rather than onthe basis of state-borders is prompted by the factthat the Europeans have a wider vision and acontinuous history of their society, where cultureand civilization have been remaining in fruition.

Among the developing countries also thelimitations of the sovereign State became evidentboth in international relations as well as in socialand economic development. The concept of welfareState disappeared without fulfilling its promises. Weare not anywhere near cultural development; noState has ever taken any commitment in thatdirection. Many political leaders in Asia, Africa andin Latin America even ignore the existence of thecivil society in their countries and cannot distinguishthem from their political opponents. It is, therefore,understandable that the framers of Indianconstitution could not envisage this modernphenomenon, which was in articulation in India,in spite of the fact that many of them witnessed itspresence in European societies. A significant exampleof international protest movement has beenwitnessed in the case of Vietnam war againstAmerican intervention and Helsinki Accord againstthe Cold war in the Seventies.

However, along with the growth ofinternational inter-governmental organizations,there has been a parallel growth of international non-governmental organizations (ingos), mostly situatedin New York, Paris, Geneva and London. Manyorganizations came up for proposing international

solidarity, such as the Red Cross, AmnestyInternational, League of Human Rights, GreenPeace and others for setting up a New InternationalEconomic Order (NIEO), a New Information &Communication Order (NIIO) or as internationalaid agencies. Of course, the UN Charter’s preamblestarts with “ We the peoples of the nations” as apreamble to international globalism. Among the UNbodies, UNESCO has been the pioneer inunderstanding of the role the civil societies in acountry’s educational, cultural and scientificdevelopment. Later, UNICEF, UNDP and even theWorld Bank have been insisting on the involvementof community-based and other non-governmentalcooperation for any national project that theyfinancially support.

3. 3. 3. 3. 3. Their DTheir DTheir DTheir DTheir Democratic Femocratic Femocratic Femocratic Femocratic Functioning Punctioning Punctioning Punctioning Punctioning Prrrrrocess:ocess:ocess:ocess:ocess:There has been a long tradition of the

international non-governmental organizations(ingos), since the Sixties, fighting by the side of thenational non-governmental organizations (ngos)that are suppressed under dictatorships in differentcontinents. But, in India, it has been a different story.The ngos or the civil society organizations (csos)have been playing many roles.

a). a). a). a). a). When the state is afraid of AlloWhen the state is afraid of AlloWhen the state is afraid of AlloWhen the state is afraid of AlloWhen the state is afraid of Allowing Dwing Dwing Dwing Dwing Dissent:issent:issent:issent:issent:Even among formal democracies, some

authoritarian governments do not look favourablyat the presence of the cs. Internal security paranoia,very frequently, comes in conflict with the freefunctioning of the cs. In the good old days, spies inthe royal courts used to collect secretly, not all thatpeople want for themselves, but that which threatensthe security of the king. Allauddine Khilji of Delhiand Bismarck of Prussia were notorious examplesof State’s intelligence services. Later, many Statescontrolled by the communist parties hadenormously invested on spying upon its owncitizens. Many African and Latin American dictatorstoo did this. North Korea is the latest example for a

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State’s paranoia. In general, most of the States devotetheir intelligence bureaux to collect information forthe benefit of those who are in power, includingtheir election prospects, as it is being done in India.Most often, due to inefficiency and bureaucracy, theintelligence services are unable to do their legitimatejob properly, without causing vexation andharassment to the cs groups.

In fact, the public opinion is more active orpowerful in non-democratic states, where it takesdifferent forms like spreading jokes, singingmelancholic songs, telling stories, and other artisticexpressions, in the absence of legal means to expresstheir opinions or dissatisfaction or unhappiness.

Now in the 21st century, the public opinionhas started expressing itself in a more organized waythrough the established and social Medias andthrough the civil society organizations, associations,movements and networks of activists directly, overwhich the government is having a decreasing control.In addition to those popular expressions of the pulseof the people by way of random surveys, we haveon the other hand, the conscious elite voice reflectedacross their works of art, literature, performances,teachings, speeches and associational activities. Theyreflect but do not claim to numerically representthe society. In other words, they represent the moralconscience of the society.

Many governments, which do not respecthuman rights, even after signing many internationaltreaties, try to close the channels of communicationand participation to the foreign NGOs, fearing thepressure from the people to implement reforms. Thelocal NGOs who collaborate with those outsideinternational NGOs are accused as ‘foreign agents.’The argument of ‘outside political interference’ isvery often advanced in this context. In the abovedomains, the governments in India have notdeveloped any structured direct dialogue with thecs associations.

b). b). b). b). b). Who IWho IWho IWho IWho Is s s s s TTTTTo Bo Bo Bo Bo Be Ee Ee Ee Ee Empompompompompowwwwwererererered, the Citized, the Citized, the Citized, the Citized, the Citizen or theen or theen or theen or theen or thePPPPPolitical Rolitical Rolitical Rolitical Rolitical Repreprepreprepresentativesentativesentativesentativesentative ?e ?e ?e ?e ?

Now, there emerges a solid barrage againstpolitical arbitrariness and do we see in it any dangerof politicization of the civil society? Usually that isthe accusation levelled against the activists by thepeople in power. They are presented as unofficialopposition to the Power. But, the political role of acivil society has never been directly related to theconquest of power but only to influence the power.Its mission has, always, been to increase the people’sparticipation in the decision-making.

The civil society activists primarily addressthemselves to the people in order to inform them,supply knowledge, educate and thereby empowerthem on various matters related to development andgovernance, probably not all functions at the sametime. While educating the public and whilesharpening its views, the activists become the voiceof the people and deal with the public authoritiesor the private sector. In return, sometimes, the wiseramong the politicians, also try to join them toinfluence public opinion in order to translate thesame to their support as voters. Often, all thepoliticians too, while contradicting each other,claim, to represent, exclusively, the public opinion.But in democratic governance, as we have seenearlier, all powers are not handed over to the electedrepresentatives.

The presence of the activists makes thepoliticians aware of their own limitations in tryingto represent the whole society and the whole man.The extra-ordinary sagacity of the Indian judiciaryto uphold democratic norms and their support tothe civil society organisations in cases of PublicInterest Litigation has been able to constantlyprevent executive excesses. While trying tounderstand the role of the civil society organizations,a president of our Republic, once cautioned thatwhile the civil society tries to remove a bad fruit,they should not bring down the tree, itself. Theadvice is well-taken. However, the civil society’s

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concern is not just about a bad fruit, it is about thetree of democracy being poisoned at its roots by thepresent generation of politicians.

Another aspect which is often noticed is thatsince the public opinion has a very short memory,the cs activists and organizations serve as memorybanks and refresh the facts and figures of omissionsand commissions of the authorities, at appropriatetime or context. At the same time, the CS activitiesare not always govt.-focused or are they necessarilyto oppose the govt. They comment, suggest, criticizeor appreciate whenever they find that the govt. iscommitting or omitting something. They may focustheir attention on any section of the society, onbureaucracy, on politicians or on private sector oron religious bodies.

They are not only non political but also arenot in favour of excessive politicization of publicmatters. Ignorant criticism is the enemy of freedomof speech. The csos are not happy with theinterminable negative role of the elected oppositionand with the media which is constantly egging onnegative aspects in the contemporary issues andthereby increasing the levels of frustration of thepeople. In many countries, this level ofdissatisfaction had already led to the collapse of theirdemocratic regimes, resulting in militarydictatorships. Luckily, the Indian level of toleranceseems to be very high.

c). Ac). Ac). Ac). Ac). Authenticity of a CS Authenticity of a CS Authenticity of a CS Authenticity of a CS Authenticity of a CS Activist:ctivist:ctivist:ctivist:ctivist:i). Is everything said, written, printed or shown

by a civil society is valid, true and acceptable?Obviously no, as they are also a part of the samepiece of cloth or the ‘than’ of which thecontemporary society is made. They also ventilatetheir own value systems or its prejudices. They mightlack the capacity to analyse objectively due to theirstrong passion for future of the society. They arealso likely to be confused about the cause andconsequences of what is happening aroundthemselves or to themselves. Many of us are victims

of our own heritage or our medieval way ofeducation or thinking. An attitudinal reflex offearing and opposing all changes is a possibility withadvancing age for everybody. Therefore, who holdsthe final Truth? In our democratic societies, at thisphase, when we give so much importance to theelected representatives in decision-making, weshould realize that, usually, a political decision is acompromise decision after taking into account manyoften contradictory interests or claims. Thus it wouldbe a multi-dimensional solution to a given problem,linked to many other problems. Such solutions arebound to be different from the truths that areperceived from strictly technical or professional angleof an activist. The activist should have the virtue ofself-doubt, which is not possible for a representative.The civil society militancy cannot become intolerantfanaticism. In all cases, there should be democraticargumentation, so that the people could understandthe elements that have gone into the making of adecision.

Who should have the upper hand in this tussle?In this prosecution of intentions, often, theoperations would be paralysed and the situationswould further degrade. Inordinate delays and costover-runs are often the result. Since the people havegiven a mandate to the representatives to takedecisions and to operate, the cs has no moral rightto block them. However, they have every right andobligation to influence the decision-making and toimprove the quality of the operation. They have eventhe obligation to try to get the decision changed. Incase, they fail after all these efforts, they should,finally, turn towards the stake-holders and voters toencourage them to make a better choice at the timeof next elections.

ii).But the above issue is not without adilemma. Let us take the example of the need for aLokpal in our country. For the past 40 years, allknowledgeable people, intellectuals, legal andconstitutional experts, civil society activists havebeen claiming for it. The political class, as members

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of Parliament or as ministers, has been reluctant topass the bill. What shall we do as cs? Shall we formanother party? Shall we be the candidates ourselvesin the next elections? Or, shall we turn towards thepublic who are the real cause for the undeservedchoice? There is no doubt about the fact that thecivil society activists are not there to replace thepresent reps. and govern in their place. We have nomoral mandate. The whole spirit of their publiccomments is based on the assumption that they aredisinterested. If an activist wants to act in the placeof the rep., it would mean that he would bemanipulating public affairs to satisfy his own power-hunger. Then one should go before the public andplay the game of electoral process like anybody else.This can be done by being a candidate or by forminga party. But, then, it would be an activity that istotally different from that of the civil society. Thatis the reason why we cannot support a civil societyorganization acting as, or converting itself into apolitical party as a logical process of civil societyactivism. It would be a clear sign of resignation.Further, there are also those people who could notget admission into political parties, may use the csplatform to play politics.

d). Dd). Dd). Dd). Dd). Dialogue with the Oialogue with the Oialogue with the Oialogue with the Oialogue with the Officials for Pfficials for Pfficials for Pfficials for Pfficials for Peace, Seace, Seace, Seace, Seace, SocialocialocialocialocialHHHHHarmony and Darmony and Darmony and Darmony and Darmony and Devevevevevelopment:elopment:elopment:elopment:elopment:

All strong and authoritarian governments andtheir bureaucracy do not see the existence of ngosvery kindly. Especially, in the developing countries,the new generation of administrators looks at themas a challenge to their legitimacy and competence.However, it became very soon evident that thewelfare states are unable to deliver the servicespromised because of inefficient bureaucracy,insufficient technical skills, corruption and politicalpatronage of the govt. jobs.

Civil society dialogue with the officials isqualitatively different from that of their dialoguewith the peoples’ representatives. The Civil Societyactivists are, often, more experienced, aged,

qualified, skilled and knowledgeable. They can voicetheir concerns with conviction and morallycomfortable tone. However, it is, perhaps, regrettablethat most often, the activists take an impeachingattitude towards the officers. This creates somepsychological problems to the official interlocutorswho become defensive or aggressive or resentful ofany dialogue, much less to any consultation. Further,the young recruits into bureaucracy are not beingtold about the existence of the csos during theirinitial training and when they are posted in ruralareas, they form themselves into ‘powerful’personalities. It would be a cultural shock to themto meet with cs activists in the urban areas. Thewhole bureaucratic system thwarts all efforts by thecitizens to challenge or to prosecute or to take anydisciplinary action against their colleagues, as wehave insufficient and inefficient mechanisms ofcontrol of ‘public servants’ in place.

The first generation of NGOs, afterindependence have been very much focused ondevelopmental issues independently or incooperation with local, state and centralgovernments, with or without grants from inside oroutside. Contrary to all the developing countries,the Indian national and local NGOs are veryautonomous and did not much depend upon foreignaid. The Central Bureau of Investigationconservatively estimated them to be around 20 lakhs.Around 30, 000 of them can be considered to benational in their outreach.

e). Are). Are). Are). Are). Are e e e e They OThey OThey OThey OThey Opposed to Dpposed to Dpposed to Dpposed to Dpposed to Devevevevevelopment ?elopment ?elopment ?elopment ?elopment ?Some cs movements, organizations and

foundations are criticized for being opposed todevelopment. It is evident that the csos has got everyright to express their vision of alternative policiesand methods of implementation by virtue of theirbeing pluralist in an open society. They have manyspheres of activity and are, therefore, highly variedin terms of sensitivity to the situations. In some cases,the mobilized people do not understand the nuances

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of the core issue in a project but are, definitely,affected. In such circumstances, the authorities haveto negotiate with the local people in order toreconcile their interests with that of the largerinterest of the project. It happens that some activistsor orgsnisations or political parties might take upsuch issues in order to fuel agitation or to justifytheir ideological positions. One can easily dramatisea situation by projecting some immediate victims,without any research on alternative solutions andgain media attention. On environmental issues, inparticular, it has become possible for a person to befundamentalist, setting aside the priorities of thehuman being. Instead of sanctifying the nature; wehave to love it and sustain it by constantly modifyingit in order to re-establish a new natural equilibriumbetween man and the biosphere.

Does the civil Society hinder or delay thefunctioning of the governments and its growthtargets? The Economic Survey, 2012 published beforeannouncing the annual budget does think that it does.But the Survey does not directly blame the NGOsbut blames the coalition politics. A recent IntelligenceBureau report on the “Concerted Efforts of SelectForeign-funded NGOs” casts serious aspersions. Thereport also alleges that these NGOs would have anegative impact on GDP growth by 2-3 per cent bystalling development projects, such as, nuclear powerplants, uranium mines, coal-fired power plants,genetically-modified seeds and products, etc.

fffff ). F). F). F). F). Funds:unds:unds:unds:unds:At times, the funds received by them were

estimated to be in the order of rupees three thousandcrores per annum, a couple of years ago. However,we should not ignore the fact that the Indianbureaucracy remained the largest recipient of foreignaid directly, from multi-lateral and bi-lateral donors.Indian population of the 60s was utterly dependentupon the free shipments of wheat under PL 480,which was like Marshall Aid to the Europeans afterthe 2nd WW. It is not out of context to mention the

great contribution of the Ford Foundation and theRockefeller foundation to India. The gates to theAmerican universities are wide open to Indiansthanks to these Foundations. The Americancorporate philanthropy has started inspiring theIndian corporate as well.

Further, we cannot say that all foreign fundingis bad by itself. While the rich Indians of the earlygenerations were notorious all over the world fortheir insensitiveness to the miseries of the humanbeings living next to them, the so-called liberaldemocracies of the North American and WestEuropean countries – their governments as well asthe individuals- have been showing extra-ordinarygenerosity and human solidarity. Nevertheless, thefact remains that they made themselves rich andaffording due to their colonialist past. What is wrongin receiving funds from such individuals or bonafide organisations abroad who want to help aworthwhile cause in India? Doesn’t the Indiangovernment, for example, start helping inAfghanistan? Already some successful Indians havebeen generously donating to the Americanuniversities which have given so much for the Indianstudents. In a globalised world, the human solidaritycannot limit itself to artificial political boundaries.

There are, of course, some ngos that might beengaged in illegal or objectionable activities for thesake of funds, while a great majority of them operatetransparently and legally. Of course, funds flowingfor religious conversions and for fomenting internaldissensions and conflicts or for terrorism have to becondemned. The management of the funds shouldremain transparent and democratic so that they maynot be misused for foreign imperialist or communistideological propaganda.

Anyway, development-aid for good reasons isbeing reduced to India and India, on its turn, is beingasked to contribute for international development aid.Internally also, less and less NGOs are receiving aidor grants and the mode of cooperation is ratherpartnership or contractual collaboration.

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4. S4. S4. S4. S4. Sustaining the ustaining the ustaining the ustaining the ustaining the VVVVVitality of the Eitality of the Eitality of the Eitality of the Eitality of the Elections:lections:lections:lections:lections:In the context of the omnipotence of the

political parties and frequent surfing of the loyaltiesof the elected representatives from one party to theother, we find that the elections are becoming a bigmela and a fanfare without any dialogue, discussionof policy options or any enhancement of knowledge,any honest evaluation of the past, etc. The candidatesare not urging the voters to exercise their rationalfaculties; on the other hand, they are whipping upmob fury, tribal instincts, self interest, emotionaland sentimental attachment to personalities andnarrow caste loyalties. Every election is becoming asterile repetition. In this context, the csos are tryingto retain their vitality for sustaining democracy inour country.

Preparation of electoral rolls, a much vexingproblem is considered to be out of the purview ofthe Chief Election Commissioner. Consequently,the Rolls prepared manually, in the past, have beenirremediably defective. Here the cs is exercising bothparticipative and watch-dog functions. Many ofthem are signing memorandum of agreements withthe Election Commission of India, whose membersare, gradually, coming out of their scepticism aboutthe csos. Local bodies like the resident welfareassociations have been working hard to make theelectoral rolls as perfect as possible. During elections,they host the polling booths, improve facilities forthe staff, some of their office-bearers are accepted asBooth Level Officers or Volunteers. Organisationsinvolved in governance issues, have been pressingupon the political parties to give tickets only to‘good’ candidates and not to those who can spendmoney, pour liquor and not to those who havecriminal records, amassed illicit money or to thosewho perpetuate caste and dynastic influence.

In the field, they set up help desks, sometimesin the collectors’ campus, with a help line, toconfirm, electronically, the names in the Voters lists,to demonstrate a dummy EVM, and to provide tothe public, the cell numbers of officers, like the

election and expenditure observers, police officials,so that the citizen can directly complain against anymalpractice observed or suspected. Some DistrictElectoral Officers offer vehicles to the ‘nigha’activists, so that they can extensively tour the villages,towns in the mandals and share their observationswith the concerned officers available on the spot.The ECI has a model Code of Conduct for thecandidates, their followers and to the parties incampaign. The civil society organizations widelydistribute this Code of Conduct in English, Teluguand in Urdu, so that whenever, the citizens noticeany violations, they can, directly and immediately,complain to the concerned authorities or to the civilsociety activists in the field.

They also collect the copies of affidavits filedby the candidates with the Returning Officersregarding their financial sources and criminalbackground. This information is widely circulatedto the public in those constituencies so that thevoters can know the background of the candidate.A Delhi-based Association for Democratic Reformshas been collecting the financial and criminalbackground of all the candidates who have contestedin the Lok Sabha elections and diffusing theiranalysis of any changes or inconsistencies in theirdeclarations. In addition, for all elections, the statelevel csos also directly collect the criminalbackground of all the candidates from the policestations. The Media is naturally very avid of suchinformation.

At present, naturally, the candidate does notgive any chance to the citizens to question them,when they barge into a house or a flat, surroundedby muscular henchmen and gunmen. Therefore, thecivil society organizations, such as, the residentwelfare associations, senior citizens organizations andother csos, often, in cooperation with the media,organize common platforms for all the candidatesfor a municipal ward or an assembly orparliamentary seat. The candidates explain their pastactivities and expose their understanding of the local

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problems and are obliged to reply to the questionsof the citizens. To avoid intimidation or falseaccusations, the moderator receives, preferably,written questions and puts them to the concernedcandidate. This helps the voters to compare andchoose the right one. Finally, the climax of theseefforts lies in the door to door campaign to remindthe residents to go and vote in the followingmorning, without fail.

5. 5. 5. 5. 5. TTTTTrrrrrends for tomorrends for tomorrends for tomorrends for tomorrends for tomorrooooow:w:w:w:w:a). Gandhiji had adopted his own techniques

of expressing the civil society conscience against theauthorities. Many of them may not be relevant inthe changed socio-economic situation in thecountry. Nevertheless, the power that ngos wieldhas increased concurrently with the increaseddemand for real and operational democracy in ourcountry. If it were not for the ngos, manydemocratizing legislation might not have seen thelight of the day. The system of obligatory declarationof assets of the representatives, the Right toInformation Act, the Protection of Plant Varietiesand Farmers’ Rights Act, etc. would not have beenpassed by Parliament.

The second generation of cs organizations aremore circumspective and started concerningthemselves more about the governance issues.Intellectuals are concerned about the functioningof the political structures vis a vis the constitutionalmission and contemporary needs of reforms inpolicies and implementation. Their number israpidly increasing. Armed with good qualityinformation and objective analysis, they aredeveloping analytical models, which might,indirectly, be used by some desperate politicalparties, as the cannon fodder for their internalbattles. Many think-tanks are being funded by bothforeign and Indian institutions and governments.In fact, the Planning Commission itself wassupposed to be such a think-tank, though, it waslater, devoured by departmental bureaucracy.

The engagement of all corporates, industriesand commerce as well as their chambers andcouncils, with or independent of the government isthe immediate need of the hour to promote inclusiveeconomic growth. The private sector is needed notonly for the resources but also for their art ofmanagement. Now, we have another category ofactors who are the stakeholders who come forwardto participate in all matters that concern them. Theyare the trade unions, professional bodies of domesticworkers, auto-drivers, lawyers, doctors, auditors andResident Welfare Associations. They deal with bothinternal and external governance and governmentpolicies on social and economic issues. In social andeconomic development, the cs express themselvesby direct participation.

Local governance in urban areas at themunicipal ward level is increasingly involving thecivil society organizations in the states of A.P. andTelangana, since it is they who form the wardcommittees and hold the area sabhas. The ResidentWelfare Associations are emerging as the fourth-tierof governance as far as their vertical and horizontalassociations are concerned for promoting micro-urban communities and for local development.

The formation of the cs associations should beallowed without bureaucratic hassles as virtualfictitious persons, with same rights andresponsibilities. They are collective persons. SomeIndian NGOs may have to become internationalNGOs for accomplishing global tasks with theirhead-quarters in Indian cities.

b). Sb). Sb). Sb). Sb). Social Mocial Mocial Mocial Mocial Media and Dedia and Dedia and Dedia and Dedia and Diririririrect Communications:ect Communications:ect Communications:ect Communications:ect Communications:All the citizens are deeply getting networked

with the penetration of mobile phones and theinternet. The public is able to participate in newsmaking and share it democratically, especially, inthe context where the news in the establishednewspapers is closely, resembling commoditiesmarkets, as the politicians are trading on them.Thanks to the social media, we are in a derivative

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trade. The people talk to the news-makers directly,personalize the news, expand or resume it, forwardit to other newsmakers and create further news. Theyindicate the trends for future news. This is a newform of communicational democracy, which doesnot involve the professionals. It defies the tyrannyof the ruling or official ethos, or ideology, or moralprinciples imposed by the authorities. The massesare also having access to these tools, with net accesson the cell phones.

There are attempts by the governments tocontrol electronic communications. Even somecommunicators might excite, emotionalise and putpassion into information. Ultimately, eachindividual should learn to be mature with theirthoughts and expressions with retrospection, selfcriticism. Like wine, thoughts and their expressionshave to mature. It is only possible with free use andnot by censuring it.

F

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Industrialization and urbanization in terms ofdevelopment approach has a great significance inhistory. IIIIIndustrializationndustrializationndustrializationndustrializationndustrialization is referred to the periodof social and economic changes which transformedthe humans society from agriculture Society-agrarian society to the industrial society.Industrialization is a part of a largermodernization processes in which economic changesi.e. development is closely linked with the socialchanges in the human society with involvement oftechnological advancements with particular focuson development of large scale metallurgy &production process. It dealt with the massproduction in factories for consumption of manyby means of trade in market. With industrializationlarge factories emerged which led to concentrationof workers in limited urban areas which grew in sizewith time and gave rise to large towns where factoryworkers lived. In simple words, the process ofurbanization denotes population growth of the citiesand towns. Sociologically, it also denotes the spreadof urban way of life to the country-side. Thus, theprocess of urbanisation has demographic as well associal dimensions. In present times, with the spreadof industrialisation, the process of urbanization hasreceived unprecedented momentum all over theworld and more specifically in the third worldcountries. It is predicated, on the basis of the currentrates of urbanisation, that within a few decades theurban population of the third world countries willgrow twice that of the present industrialised societies.

Census 2011 lists 7, 935 towns in India. Thenumber of towns has increased by 2, 774 since thelast Census (2001). Many of these towns are part ofurban agglomerations and the rest are independent

DDDDDevevevevevelopment Delopment Delopment Delopment Delopment Drivrivrivrivriven Den Den Den Den Destrestrestrestrestruction-uction-uction-uction-uction-UUUUUrban Challengesrban Challengesrban Challengesrban Challengesrban Challenges

MrMrMrMrMr. S. J. S. J. S. J. S. J. S. Jeeveeveeveeveevan Kan Kan Kan Kan KumarumarumarumarumarHuman Rights Activist

towns. The total number of urban agglomerations/towns, which constitutes the urban frame, is 6, 166in all states and union territories. Out of the totalof 1210.2 million population in India, the size ofRural population is 833.1 million (68.84% of theTotal Population) Urban population is 377.1 million(31.16%). During 2001 – 2011, the population ofthe country increased by 181.4 million Increase ofpopulation in Rural areas amounts to 90.4 million,whereas increase of population in Urban areas is 91.0million .Out of 1.237 Million Indians, 650 millionlive in poverty. Today 47 million young Indiansunder the age of 24 are jobless and looking for work.To address this all the governments chose aggressiveindustrialisation in the urban areas, and neglectedrural India

Urban growth coupled with industrialdevelopment induced rural-urban migrationwhereby the cities of bigger size, offeringopportunities of improving life, tend to overflowwith rural migrants. On the one hand, suchmigration accelerates the pace of urbanisation and,on the other, it created excessive population pressureon the existing public utilities with the result thatcities suffer from the problems of slums, crime,unemployment, urban poverty, pollution,congestion, ill-health and several deviant socialactivities. .In India since Independence, almost everygovernment has blindly followed the megaindustrialisation policy in the name of povertyalleviation, employment generation and socialequality.

After the failure of controversial SpecialEconomic Zones (SEZ’s) and Controller and AuditGeneral of GOI, labelled them as land laundering

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projects the government embarked on a missionknown as National Industrial Management Zones,selected 24 zones in the country. Earlier they weretalking of coastal corridors all along the coast lineof the country, where all kinds of industrial units,ports, petro chemical zones would be built. Apartfrom that now the government came out with re-packaged strategy for economic development called“corridors” all over the land of the countryconnecting almost all major cities in the country.The model of corridors hinges on re creation of arailway net work called, “Dedicated FreightCorridor”. This corridor would connect metro citieslike Delhi and Mumbai, Amritsar and Kolkata,Chennai and Vishakhapatnam. Industrial corridorswould come up to 150 Kms. on either side of thisrailway line. The Dedicated Freight CorridorCorporation of India (DFCCIL) was formed as aSpecial Purpose Vehicle of Indian Railways to buildfreight corridors. This was proposed in 11th Five yearPlan by the Ministry of Railways. The entire3300km.dedicated rail corridor is divided into twoparts: Western and Eastern. The land for the DFCproject is being acquired under the RailwayAmendment Act-2008.

The The The The The WWWWWestern Destern Destern Destern Destern Dedicated Fedicated Fedicated Fedicated Fedicated Frrrrreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridor(((((WDFC):WDFC):WDFC):WDFC):WDFC):

The Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor(DMIC) was initiated in 2006 with an agreementbetween the governments of India and Japan.During Premier Shinzo Abe’s visit to India in August2007, the Indian consultancy firm InfrastructureLeasing & Financial Services prepared and presentedthe concept of the corridor that was subsequentlyapproved and mutually ratified. It sealed theinvolvement of global capital in the creation of thecorridor. The DMIC maps a complex policy terrainalong the 1483 km stretch between DDDDDelhielhielhielhielhi andMMMMMumbaiumbaiumbaiumbaiumbai. Approximately 180 million people or 14per cent of the Indian population will officially beaffected by the corridor’s development in six States

– Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujaratand Maharashtra. The corridor incorporates ninemega industrial zones, one high-speed freight line,three ports, six airports, a six lane intersection-freeexpressway connecting the country’s political andfinancial capitals, and a 4000 mw power plant.Funds for the project have been arranged from theIndian government, Japanese loans, investments,depository receipts issued through Indian businessesand other foreign capital. Individual projects willinvolve a host of private actors under public privatepartnership arrangements.

DDDDDelhi-Melhi-Melhi-Melhi-Melhi-Mumbai Iumbai Iumbai Iumbai Iumbai Industrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:Delhi and Mumbai two of India’s biggest cities

are separated by 1500 kms land stretch. TheDedicated Freight Corridor railway track originatingfrom Dadry Dry Port(near Delhi) and terminatesat Jawaharlal Lal Nehru Sea Port near Mumbai. ThisRailway track, which is under construction wouldcarry exclusively raw and manufactured goods, toand fro, across 7 states. Around 23areas have beenidentified to serve as “Manufacturing Hubs”, thatwould use the services of this brand new railwaysystem.

The Eastern DThe Eastern DThe Eastern DThe Eastern DThe Eastern Dedicated Fedicated Fedicated Fedicated Fedicated Frrrrreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridoreight Corridor(EDFC):(EDFC):(EDFC):(EDFC):(EDFC):

This corridor is supposed to be Amirtsar-Kolkata Industrial Development Corridor.ThisCorridor begins at Ludhiana in Punjab and extendsto Dankuri near Kolkata.This corridor will spreadto 20 cities through the States of Punjab, Haryana,U.P, Uttarakand, Bihar, Jharkand and West Bengal.The cities to be covered are: Amritsar, Jalandhar,Ludhiana, Ambala, Saharanpur, Delhi, Roorkee,Moradabad, Barelly, Aligarh, Kanpur, Lucknow,Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Hazaribagh, Dhanbad,Asansol, Durgaour and Kolkata. The corridor wouldbe built along the 1839 km long distance betweenKhurha and Mugalsarai.

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BBBBBangalorangalorangalorangalorangalore-Me-Me-Me-Me-Mumbai Eumbai Eumbai Eumbai Eumbai Economic Corridor:conomic Corridor:conomic Corridor:conomic Corridor:conomic Corridor:This Corridor is supposed to pass through the

cities of Pune, Satara, Kolhapur, Belgaum, Dharwad,Davanagere, Haveri, Chitradurga and Tumkur.United Kingdom has expressed interest and theindustrial family of Hindujas has shown interest tonegotiate deal between India and UK. It is notfinalised yet.

Chennai-BChennai-BChennai-BChennai-BChennai-Bangalorangalorangalorangalorangalore Ie Ie Ie Ie Industrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:This 560 km corridor would spread across the

States of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu.Both the Road and Rail connectivity for freight

movement will be upgraded in this project.

East Coast EEast Coast EEast Coast EEast Coast EEast Coast Economic Corridorconomic Corridorconomic Corridorconomic Corridorconomic Corridor:::::This project is meant to link Kolkata-Chennai-

Tuticorn. The project investment is Rs.1 Lakh Crore.The Asian Development Board is conductingfeasibility studies for the project.

VVVVVishakapatanam-Chennai-EEC Pishakapatanam-Chennai-EEC Pishakapatanam-Chennai-EEC Pishakapatanam-Chennai-EEC Pishakapatanam-Chennai-EEC Prrrrroject:oject:oject:oject:oject:This project is expected to cost approximately

Rs.20, 000 Crore for the infrastructure alone. TheAsian Development Bank(ADB) is backing thiscorridor. The project funding initially proposed was$400million, which was later scaled to$1billion .Theproject is expected to modernise ports, airports,roads and rail network along 800kms of coastal lineof Andhra Pradesh.12, 500 acres of land in Valivettipalem in E.G.Dist has been acquired.

HHHHHyyyyyderabad-Nderabad-Nderabad-Nderabad-Nderabad-Nagpur Iagpur Iagpur Iagpur Iagpur Industrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor:ndustrial Corridor: A stretch of 5, 085 acres across Hyderabad,

Ranga Reddy, Medak, Warangal, Karimnagar andAdilabad in Telangana State is projected for thispurpose.

DHOLERA, GDHOLERA, GDHOLERA, GDHOLERA, GDHOLERA, Gujaratujaratujaratujaratujarat:::::We have a classic example of people challenging

the project in Gujarat.This project was touted asPrime Minister Narendra Modi’s pet project. It was

claimed that Gujarat would be Shangai of India.Gujarat Government planned to acquire 1, 07, 893acres of land, of which 47% of land was fertileagricultural land. Farmers of Dolera have challengedin the High Court, The Special Investment RegionAct-2007 through which land had to be acquired.The Court ordered to stop land acquisition.

DDDDDahej PCPahej PCPahej PCPahej PCPahej PCPIR (PIR (PIR (PIR (PIR (Petretretretretro Chemicals and Po Chemicals and Po Chemicals and Po Chemicals and Po Chemicals and PetretretretretroooooChemicals IChemicals IChemicals IChemicals IChemicals Invnvnvnvnvestments Restments Restments Restments Restments Region):egion):egion):egion):egion):

The project requirement is 45, 300 hectares ofland belonging to 45 villages. More than 65% ofland is under cultivation. Farmers grow crops millets,wheat, jowar, bajra and paddy. Farmers made amassive representation at the Environmental Publichearing held in 2014.They challenged the EIAprepared by a private consultancy. This projectexposes the mad megalomania of Gujarat IndustrialPolicy Makers.

IIIIIndustrial Pndustrial Pndustrial Pndustrial Pndustrial Prrrrroject at Doject at Doject at Doject at Doject at Digi Pigi Pigi Pigi Pigi Pororororort, Rajgarht, Rajgarht, Rajgarht, Rajgarht, RajgarhDDDDDistrict Gistrict Gistrict Gistrict Gistrict Gujarat:ujarat:ujarat:ujarat:ujarat:

Government was planning to acquire 27000hectares of land from 78 villages. Due to stiffresistance they could acquire only 3700hectres from16 villages. Corridor Virodhi Sangarsh Samithi hasexposed Gujarat Government’s fraudulent methodsof land acquisition. They are putting up stiffresistance. The activity in the Industrial Area hasnot taken up yet.

This is the scenario of our country’s so calleddevelopment. This paradigm of development wouldmarginalise the poorer sections of the society inurban cities. Many of these industries are hightechnology driven without any need for physicalhuman beings. Imagine the magnanimity ofdisplacement in this development. The degradationof environment pollution cannot be assessed. Theamount of land water, electricity needed for theseindustries that are not going to assure jobs to haplessliterate and illiterate people. Tragically no politicalparty is raising any question. No Trade Union has

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expressed anxiety over this mad development. It is acompletely capitalist mode of development. Giventhis kind of capital’s constant drive for accumulation,merely stalling a particular project or policy can onlyaffect a temporary reprieve. A proper resolution tothis double dialectic of impasse requires a renewedpolitical commitment to locally and ecologicallyappropriate, egalitarian and democratically

determined development processes that enhancelocal livelihoods and food security. However, thisrequires programmatic social movements that pushbeyond contingent alliances against dispossessionand engage with fundamental reconfigurations ofrelations with land and resources that effectivelycounter capitalist land grabs for a deeper historicalresolution of India’s land impasse.

Traffic Jam and flooding due to rain in Hyderabad, 2016

F

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FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD“CHANDRAM” 490, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

Mobile: 9030626288, Fax: 0091-40-27635644,E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

A rA rA rA rA repreprepreprepresentation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Sesentation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Sesentation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Sesentation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Sesentation on BRS/LRS was submitted to the Chief Secrecrecrecrecretaretaretaretaretaryyyyy, G, G, G, G, Gooooovt.of A.Pvt.of A.Pvt.of A.Pvt.of A.Pvt.of A.P., on 20.11.2015., on 20.11.2015., on 20.11.2015., on 20.11.2015., on 20.11.2015bbbbby FBH and its copies to the Commissioner & Sy FBH and its copies to the Commissioner & Sy FBH and its copies to the Commissioner & Sy FBH and its copies to the Commissioner & Sy FBH and its copies to the Commissioner & Special Opecial Opecial Opecial Opecial Officerfficerfficerfficerfficer, GHMC, H, GHMC, H, GHMC, H, GHMC, H, GHMC, Hyyyyyderabad, thederabad, thederabad, thederabad, thederabad, theMMMMMetretretretretropolitan Commissioneropolitan Commissioneropolitan Commissioneropolitan Commissioneropolitan Commissioner, H.M.D.A., , H.M.D.A., , H.M.D.A., , H.M.D.A., , H.M.D.A., TTTTTarnaka, the Parnaka, the Parnaka, the Parnaka, the Parnaka, the Principal Srincipal Srincipal Srincipal Srincipal Secrecrecrecrecretaretaretaretaretaryyyyy, MA & UD,, MA & UD,, MA & UD,, MA & UD,, MA & UD,

GGGGGooooovvvvvernment of ernment of ernment of ernment of ernment of TTTTTelangana.elangana.elangana.elangana.elangana.

Dear Sir,SSSSSub: BPS dt 2.11.2015. Iub: BPS dt 2.11.2015. Iub: BPS dt 2.11.2015. Iub: BPS dt 2.11.2015. Iub: BPS dt 2.11.2015. Issues to be rssues to be rssues to be rssues to be rssues to be resolvesolvesolvesolvesolved.ed.ed.ed.ed.

* * *

With reference to the above BPS scheme announced and issued, we have several points to make ,narrated below.

The BPS is bad in law. Regularizing the additional constructions on the same area is equivalent tomore use of same land area - leading to further pressure on existing facilities already limited e.g., Water,Sewerage, Drainage,

Road Space, Parks & Other Open Space, Playing Space etc.,A few illustrations:International minimum standard suggested by WHO is a minimum availability of 9 square meters of

green open space per city dweller. By that standard, with more people living per square foot of land, forthe same areas, more open space will be required. Vehicle density in Hyderabad with 720 Passenger CarUnits ( PCU)/km of road is one of the highest in the country compared to 290 ( Chennai) and 240 (Mumbai). Vehicle density will increase further with more people living on the same area of land, and theflow of vehicles intra and inter localities, . In the same way, the pressure on Water supply, Sewerage,Drainage will increase per square foot of land bearing more population.

The BRS-2015 does not mention any enhancement in property tax, or water taxes for the irregularbuildings, whereas in the publication of charts in newspapers, around 3.11.15, it was mentioned that theproperty tax, power bill will be enhanced and the water tax also will be enhanced, by 300 %. In the Hindudt 3.11.15, it is mentioned that these increases will be “ from the occupants of the illegal buildings infuture. These press clippings are attached. Please clarify the correct and complete position.

Further, while the increase in property tax and power bill for the owners/occupants on the unauthorizedconstructions would pose no problem as they would have separate meters for their consumption, theincrease in water taxes will also penalize the individual owners who had regularized under the earlier BRS/BPS schemes, at par, with the violators now declaring or detected, in respect of water bill, as water connectionis only one for an entire building having multiple separately-owned flats, and all multiple flats, especially,those having a few flats, may not have co-operative societies.

No effective mechanism has been devised to detect violators who would not declare on their ownAND/OR fresh violations after the cutoff date, August 31, 2015, for eligibility for constructions forregularization. The ‘Eight-points strategy’ mentioned in some newspapers mentions more of the same

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mechanisms, which have failed to be effective so far for various reasons, including due to complicity.There was mention of amending the criminal law in the newspaper reports, such as Booking criminalcases against those resorting to illegal constructions/lay outs and to amend the laws accordingly by takinglegal opinion- a very nebulous statement of intentions but meanwhile, the BRS is announced. Pleaseadvise what measures are finalized for a full proof detection of violations. At the least, these should beintroduced and implemented before the BRS is given effect.

It violates the undertaking by the State government to the High Court in respect of BPS 2008 that itwould be the last regularization/penalisation.

Alternative Suggestion. Maintenance of status quo re law, and detection of violations in instalmentswithout any condoning. As there have been massive violations, all of which cannot be demolished becausethe garbage will choke the city, selectively and on a well-worked criteria on a transparent basis, someviolators could be punished to start with by demolishing the illegal portions of their constructions, without,however, condoning the remaining violations for the time being through payment of penalty as proposedin the 2015 scheme. This maintenance of status quo without condoning, will leave the remaining violatorsin perpetual fear of being detected, with the sword of Damocles hanging on their heads, and deter futureviolations. Otherwise, the impression will gather strength that the BRS/BPS is only a mechanism to raiserevenue at periodical intervals.

We request you to resolve these issues before you start implementing it. We are available for a discussion.Yours faithfully,Thanks

MMMMManatosh Manatosh Manatosh Manatosh Manatosh MandalandalandalandalandalMember, FBH F

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Planning is the process of systematic study,analysis, classification, assessment and properutilization of available resources for optimum andsustained benefits.

Planning, whether short-term or long-term, isrequired to get desired results under givenconditions. Human civilization is today facing anunprecedented environmental degradation. Theproblems are local, but also have global dimensions.

Present world is witnessing a growing concernfor environmental issues, as the magnitude ofproblem is so vast and diversified, that it seemsalmost impossible to tackle it. Along with theIndustrial development, and Scientific-Technicaldevelopment, there was unprecedented populationexplosion, which directly or indirectly affected thenatural resources. Industrialization led to massproduction and consumption of goods, which in-turn, resulted in the over exploitation of naturalresources. The human mobility with the inventionof petroleum resulted in burning of fossil fuels tosuch a great extent that the balance of atmospherewas disturbed with an unprecedented increase inC02 levels, ultimately resulting in ‘Green HouseEffect’. Forests acted as ‘Natural-absorbents’ and‘Monitors’ of climatic cycles. But human greeddestroyed forests and wild life to such a devastatingmagnitude that thousands of plant and animalspecies became extinct.

Millions of tonnes of highly toxic industrialeffluents and city garbage went into rivers, our majorwater resources, making them highly polluted. Mandestroyed Nature and now Nature is destroying man.

Human interference in the working Nature ledto the disruption of Natural Cycles. resulting in

EEEEEnvirnvirnvirnvirnvironmental Ponmental Ponmental Ponmental Ponmental Planninglanninglanninglanninglanning

DDDDDrrrrr. K. L. . K. L. . K. L. . K. L. . K. L. VVVVVyasyasyasyasyasEnvironmentalist, Osmania University

devastating Natural Calamities like floods. draughts,change in seasons, increase in atmospherictemperature etc. Unforeseen changes occured in oursurroundings due to un-checked human activities,air, water. dust, noise pollutions cast their uglyshadows on the living world. ‘Acid Rains’ and‘SMOG’ became recurring features.

The following factors are mainly responsiblefor global environmental degradation:

1. Population Explosion

2. Exodus from rural to urban areas due toregional imbalance - growth of slums -unplanned cities

3. Pressure on land, water, air and other naturalresources - depletion

4. Rapid and unplanned industrialization

5. Deforestation and loss of Global Green Cover(Ozone depletion and Green house effect)

6. Automobile. Industrial and Domestic pollution

7. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers. pesticidesand insecticides

8. Wars - use of hazardous weapons

9. Atomic radiations

10. Heaps of undisposed city, garbage and sewagewater

11. Irresponsible behaviour of citizens.There is an unprecedented growth in urban

areas during the last century. 40% of globalpopulation live in cities. Most of the city centreshave become un-manageable.

With the expansion of a city. both verticallyand horizontally. the need for resources and servicesincreases manifold. Extensive plantation of nativespecies of plants, not only generate oxygen and act

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as SINK by absorbing CO2, gases and dust. butalso act as monitoring unit of the whole area. Blockplantation, strip plantation. avenue plantation etc..regulate climate and maintain Bio-diversity. Awayfrom Nature. the citizens can still live in the nature,if proper planning is followed. Urban planningshould incorporate space, greenery, light andaesthetics. We can attain physical pleasure. mentalsolace and spiritual bliss - if our dwelling places arebetter planned with sufficient greenery, light, spaceand peace.

Our cities are chaotic and our roads are deathtraps. Our houses are gas-chambers and our streetsare dungeons with heaps of garbage. Corruption.unaccountability and indifference are the reasons.A city’s growth is irreversible. Once damage done,it is done for ever. People suffer for years and years,if planning is improper and faulty, mainly due tocorruption. Hence. planning of the city should bevery strictly monitored, keeping in view, thetransport system (roads. lanes etc). water supply,sewage lines etc.

Proper ventilation, air spaces, play grounds,recreational spots, parks, gardens and water bodiesshould be preserved. With the increased pace ofurbanization, generally Lakes are thoughtlesslydestroyed, leading to the depletion of the ground-water (eg. Hyderabad had 532 lakes around, butonly 170 remain today).

The latest concept of city planning is – “Cityin the Forest & Forest in the City”.

The city planning should be such that theresidential blocks should exist between green blocks.

GGGGGrrrrreen City:een City:een City:een City:een City: The more we live near to Nature,the more happy we are. Cities are turning intoConcrete Jungles, because of our city planner’signorance of the concept of Greening the city. Theyshould be imparted with the knowledge of speciesof plants.

DDDDDomestic Pomestic Pomestic Pomestic Pomestic Plantation:lantation:lantation:lantation:lantation: A new multi-storiedbuilding should have 30% of its land covered byGreenery. An Industry should have its 40% area

covered by greenery. Sewage water can be used forraising plants. Municipalities should makemandatory to cover open spaces with greenery inresidential c1onies.

PPPPPublic Public Public Public Public Plantation:lantation:lantation:lantation:lantation: Public places like bus-stops,railway stations, government offices, educationalinstitutions, hospitals, libraries should invariablyhave extensive plantation. Places of worship, grave-yards etc., should be covered by greenery.

Railway PRailway PRailway PRailway PRailway Plantation:lantation:lantation:lantation:lantation: Railways have vast areasunder their control. Much of these areas could beplanted to increase greenery. Railway platforms, bus-stations etc., provide shade and control dust and airpollution.

City Plantation can be of the following types :(1) Block Plantation (2) Avenue Plantation (3) StripPlantation (4) Lake Plantation (5) Rock Plantation(6) Garbage Plantation (7) River Shore Plantation(7) Botanical Garden

1. B1. B1. B1. B1. Block Plock Plock Plock Plock PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationA block of green area should be raised between

two residential blocks.

A ‘Green Block’ can be of half acre to two acres.It should have mixed plantation, giving priority tonative plants. 30% of the plants should be fruitplants for the survival of the birds. Ex: Figs,Mangoes, Guava, Jamun, Sapota etc. Once treesgrow, birds, bees, butter-flies etc., visit the trees andbio-diversity can be seen flourishing. In due course.ecological balance is restored. It is a great pleasureand solace to live in the company of plants andanimals. Trees absorb C02, dust and noise waves.keeping surroundings clean and cool.

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Campus PCampus PCampus PCampus PCampus Plantation under Glantation under Glantation under Glantation under Glantation under Grrrrreen Been Been Been Been Belte l te l te l te l tPPPPPrrrrrogramme:ogramme:ogramme:ogramme:ogramme: Osmania University Campus is anexample of such Ecological Restoration. Prior to1986, the 2000 acre University campus was totallybarren and full of rocks, with very hostile soilstructure. In 1986, project - Green Belt Programme- was launched and within four years about 2.5 lakhplants were raised with the help of studentvolunteers, making the campus lush green ‘NandanaVana·. Today. Osmania University campus is theGreenest spot of the city acting as LUNG of thepolluted metropolis. Many rare birds started visitingthis area. The birds and other creatures are the Bio-indicators, pointing out the positive change. SuchBlock Plantations, inside the city form a greatNatural Asset. Care should be taken to preserve RockStructures, Water Bodies. (Lakes, Ponds, Wells etc.)and hillocks. Rock gardens with Xerophytic plantscan be raised. Instead of mono-species always, poly-species plantation be undertaken. Natural vegetationbe allowed to grow, not disturbing their nativehabitat. Even dried trees be retained as they formsit-outs for birds. Indigenous and native plantsshould be grown to maintain ecological balance andhabitat for the Flora-Fauna relation.

The transformation of the University Campusfrom a totally rock, barren and hostile land to LUSHGREEN AREA indicates man’s capacity to restoreecological order. The gist is - “If man can destroy,he can also reconstruct”. Let us make our motherEarth Clean, Green and beautiful - -“Sujalam.Suphalam”.

The following plant species can be taken up inthe block plantations, along with decorative.flowering and medicinal plants.

1. Neem

2. Acacia Nilotica (Babool)

3. Karanj (Kanuga)

4. Soapnut

5. Acacia Ariculoformis

6. Mimosa : Moulisri

7. Albizia Lebbak (Sirish)

8. Cassia Samea

9. Cassia Fistula

10. Cassia Nodosa

11. Delbergia Sissue (Sisam)

12. Rain Tree

13. Tamarind

14. Ficus Religiosa (Peeple)

15. Ficus Bengalasis Vat Vriksham

16. Arjuna Tree

17. Jamun

18. Jakarada

19. Palash (Moduga) Flame of the Forest

20. Cocunut & different types of palms

2. A2. A2. A2. A2. Avvvvvenue Penue Penue Penue Penue PlanatationlanatationlanatationlanatationlanatationAvenue plantation is yet another important

area. Tree species should be selected according tothe availability of space and need. The followingspecies can be taken up.

1. Bauhinia

2. Neem

3. Ficus Sp

4. GulMohar

5. Peltoforum

6. Arjun Tree

7. Madhuka Indica

8. Tamarind

9. Pengamea (Karanj)

10. Sissu

11. Rain Tree

3. S3. S3. S3. S3. Strip Ptrip Ptrip Ptrip Ptrip PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationWherever, marginal or little space is available,

full plants can be grown which act as barriers andincrease aesthetic pleasure - like:: (1) Casurina: (2)Silver Oak: (3) Ashoka ; (4) Eucalyptus (if area ismarshy).

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These tall plants act as screen preventing dustand noise pollution. Many varieties of birds visitthese trees making surroundings pleasant. Somecreepers can be grown along these tall plants. withfragrant flowers like Night Jasmin etc.

4. Lake P4. Lake P4. Lake P4. Lake P4. Lake Periphereriphereriphereriphereriphery Py Py Py Py PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationLakes are our Eco-Heritage. A lake is an ideal

place for raising thick Green vegetation, developingparks, gardens or recreational centres around. Apartfrom Government, Private and Corporate sector cantake up such projects for city’s beautification.

Lakes are, in fact ideal places for maintenanceof Bio-diversity. Once a lake is preserved,automatically the Flora-Fauna inter-relationship getsestablished and the cycle of nature starts working.Lakes recharge ground water, besides maintainingmicro-climate.

There is an intricate and subtle inter-relationship between water bodies, plants andanimals, which we have not yet thoroughlyunderstood. There is an urgent need to study,appreciate and preserve the same. Sufficient moistureexists in the soil around a lake which promotes plantgrowth. Hence Lake-Peripheral places are ideal fortaking up plantations and developing parks. Due tothe presence of moisture in the soil, the growth ofEarthworms make the soil live.

Opuntia ete., add to beauty of the house or colony.These plants neither need more water, nor greatercare. Rocks can be artificially designed to developsuch garden.

7. Riv7. Riv7. Riv7. Riv7. River Ser Ser Ser Ser Shorhorhorhorhore Pe Pe Pe Pe PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationRiver Shores and Marshes are ideal places for

massive plantations. These areas being very fertileand moist, help very fast growth of plants. besidesharbouring many wild life creatures and birds. Oftenbirds build their nests on the branches of such trees,which grow on shores (eg. Weaver bird). The speciesare - (1) Bamboo. (2) Babool, (3) Cassia Nodosa.(4) Rain Tree, (5) Arjuna. (6) Eucalyptus, (7)Coconut. (8) Ficus species, (9) Cassia Species (10)Indian Corel Tree etc.

8. Botanical G8. Botanical G8. Botanical G8. Botanical G8. Botanical GararararardendendendendenA Botanical Garden is an asset to any city.

It helps in preservation of variety of species besidesacting as a place of Bio-diversity. Such garden canbe a place of study, research, recreation and

6. G6. G6. G6. G6. Garbage Parbage Parbage Parbage Parbage PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationA major problem of Today’s Cities.During rainy seasons, Earth Worms can be

sprinkled on the heaps of garbage. Later thousandsof smaller plants, raised by tissue culture can besprinkled on these heaps of garbage. In due course,whole area becomes lush green forest.

5. R5. R5. R5. R5. Rock Pock Pock Pock Pock PlantationlantationlantationlantationlantationRocks are natural structures which should be

preserved. Rock gardens are most beautiful, ifproperly developed. Xerophytic plants like Cactus,

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conservation. Rare plant species can be protectedin such gardens. Love for plants in the youngergeneration can be imbibed by frequent visits to suchgardens. Every university and a college must have aBotanical Garden.

Calcutta’s 200 years old Botanical Garden is afamous place. Botanical gardens of Lucknow,Bangalore etc.. are quite well maintained.

A city is an organic – vital structure, and notmerely an agglomeration of life-less cement concreteblocks. A city is vibrant with human activities andaspirations, possessing its own characteristic featuresof business, commerce, arts, music, culture and life-style.

Drab and dead cities induce depression andsuicide, violence and cruelty, disease and dullness.Hence aesthetics should be taken care of whilebuilding the city.

Mexico is a city of crimes. Calcutta is a city ofunpleasant smells of garbage heaps. Delhi is a cityof high rate of pollution and hot political activity -whereas Vadodara is a city of Art & Culture. Mysoreis a city of Fragrant smells and Hyderabad is a cityof Lakes and Gardens. Paris is vibrant with fashion.love and zest of life. Rome is a city with beautifularchitectural edifices and artistic creations by mastercraftsman. London is a silent damp city, whereasMoscow is vibrant with vast roads and paradegrounds.

A city is what man makes of it. A city is a goldencage where man’s soul is jailed, striving relentlessly

to liberate himself.An ideal city should have lot of space. wide

roads, sufficient greenery, plenty of water, brightsunlight and silvery moon-light, hygienic, clean

surroundings and places to sit and relax.Let us improve our living conditions by proper

planning and active participation for sufficientgreenery in a city, not only provides plenty oxygen,but creates an atmosphere for the existence of Floraand Fauna. Man does not

F

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Sustainable Development is the process ofsuccessful management of existing naturalsuccessful management of existing naturalsuccessful management of existing naturalsuccessful management of existing naturalsuccessful management of existing naturalrrrrresouresouresouresouresourcescescescesces in view of the changing lifestyles and needsof the present generation without comprwithout comprwithout comprwithout comprwithout compromisingomisingomisingomisingomisingon the needs of theon the needs of theon the needs of theon the needs of theon the needs of the futurfuturfuturfuturfuture generationse generationse generationse generationse generations.

The present day trend observed in most of theworld is unsustainable development which iscommonly observed in the form of unsustainableagriculture, exploitation of existing resources,destruction of natural ecosystems and biodiversity,increasing levels of environmental pollution andimproper management of solid waste.

A larger section of the society has to be madeaware of the importance of sustainable agriculturalpractices and the consequences of other illegalhuman activities leading to the faster rate ofdestruction of our environment.

The use of efficient technologies eco-friendly,resource in terms of energy is very essential in thepresent day considering the crisis of energy in India.The wastage of other natural resources should alsobe prevented along with the conservation of naturalecosystems and biodiversity which are the mainstrategies for implementation of sustainabledevelopment.

Sustainable Development is mainly aimed at

SSSSSustainable Dustainable Dustainable Dustainable Dustainable Devevevevevelopment: Nelopment: Nelopment: Nelopment: Nelopment: Need Oeed Oeed Oeed Oeed Of Hf Hf Hf Hf Hourourourourour

DDDDDrrrrr. N. N. N. N. Narayan Sarayan Sarayan Sarayan Sarayan SangamangamangamangamangamAssociate Professor of Civil Engineering

Vignan Institute of Technology and Science: Deshmukhi (v), Nalgonda (Dist)

achieving long term goals which is very importantfor future. It also helps in enhancing the capacity ofour environment to provide the needs of the growingpopulation.

The concept of grThe concept of grThe concept of grThe concept of grThe concept of green buildings has to beeen buildings has to beeen buildings has to beeen buildings has to beeen buildings has to befollofollofollofollofollowwwwwed in most pared in most pared in most pared in most pared in most parts of the world for thets of the world for thets of the world for thets of the world for thets of the world for theconserconserconserconserconservvvvvation of land, soil, water and energyation of land, soil, water and energyation of land, soil, water and energyation of land, soil, water and energyation of land, soil, water and energyrrrrresouresouresouresouresources folloces folloces folloces folloces followwwwwed bed bed bed bed by gry gry gry gry green belt deveen belt deveen belt deveen belt deveen belt development atelopment atelopment atelopment atelopment atspecific locations wherspecific locations wherspecific locations wherspecific locations wherspecific locations wherevevevevever necessarer necessarer necessarer necessarer necessaryyyyy.

The rThe rThe rThe rThe role of Gole of Gole of Gole of Gole of Gooooovvvvvernment organizations andernment organizations andernment organizations andernment organizations andernment organizations andenvirenvirenvirenvirenvironment ronment ronment ronment ronment related NGOelated NGOelated NGOelated NGOelated NGOs becomes vs becomes vs becomes vs becomes vs becomes ve re re re re ryyyyyimporimporimporimporimportant in terms of strict implementation oftant in terms of strict implementation oftant in terms of strict implementation oftant in terms of strict implementation oftant in terms of strict implementation ofenvirenvirenvirenvirenvironmental pronmental pronmental pronmental pronmental protection acts and other rotection acts and other rotection acts and other rotection acts and other rotection acts and other rulesulesulesulesulesnecessarnecessarnecessarnecessarnecessary for the implementation of sustainabley for the implementation of sustainabley for the implementation of sustainabley for the implementation of sustainabley for the implementation of sustainabledevdevdevdevdevelopment. elopment. elopment. elopment. elopment. This has become essential mainlybecause even today, a larger section of the societyhas either not properly understood the consequencesof environmental destruction or have realized thatnobody is going to harm them even if they involvein illegal activities.

To conclude, I consider that there is an urgenturgenturgenturgenturgentneed for use of rneed for use of rneed for use of rneed for use of rneed for use of reneeneeneeneenewable energy sourwable energy sourwable energy sourwable energy sourwable energy sourcescescescesces in mostparts of the world along with the use of scientificuse of scientificuse of scientificuse of scientificuse of scientifictechniques of rain water hartechniques of rain water hartechniques of rain water hartechniques of rain water hartechniques of rain water harvvvvvesting stresting stresting stresting stresting structuructuructuructuructureseseseseswhich will make the implementation of sustainabledevelopment possible everywhere. F

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The grandeur and heritage of the city ofHyderabad is facing the danger of extinction due torapid urban development. Immediate awareness andprotection is necessary. Historic buildings ofHyderabad include palaces, large public buildings,monumental structures, havelis and devdis. Plannersnow recognize that preserving the past is an essentialpart of creating liveable, sustainable cities.Conservation of a city’s historic Built Heritage andcultural heritage enriches the city and the quality oflife.

Heritage is an inalienable social, economic andcultural asset that needs to be purposefullyconserved, nurtured and developed. India’s heritageneeds to be protected, conserved and restored togive India an identity in a globalizing world.

Preserving evidence of past achievements andcultural tradition, protecting enjoyable areas ofarchitectural beauty create the energy fordevelopment by generating a positive identity andcivic pride. However, it is necessary to balance the

conservation of the existing urban environmentagainst the development of new urban structures.In this lies the reason for an integrated developmentand conservation policy.

Any new development in urban areas is thepositive outcome of economic growth. It raises thestandards of living and sets the stage for continueddevelopment. However, the accompanying rise inland values and pressure of high-density urbanizationcan lead to the destruction of historic property anddisruption of the traditional urban fabric.

Integrated conservation aims at improvinggeneral conditions by stimulating the local economy,employment, social housing and privateinvestments, using existing historic values in thebuilt environment and adding new economic, socialand cultural values. Experience shows thatconservation of built heritage can be effectivelyintegrated with urban develop-ment to create a citythat is both livable and dynamic.

It is possible only if the Government, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), policy

NNNNNeed Feed Feed Feed Feed For Ior Ior Ior Ior Integrating Hntegrating Hntegrating Hntegrating Hntegrating Heritage Consereritage Consereritage Consereritage Consereritage Conservvvvvation Andation Andation Andation Andation AndUUUUUrban Drban Drban Drban Drban Devevevevevelopment Felopment Felopment Felopment Felopment For Hor Hor Hor Hor Hyyyyyderabadderabadderabadderabadderabad

EEEEErrrrr. . . . . VVVVVedakumaredakumaredakumaredakumaredakumar.M.M.M.M.MUrban & Regional Planner

Member, Governing Council, INTACH

Picture by: M.VedakumarThis Heritage building is located on Chowk Maidan Khan

road is under threat if road widening takes place. Picture by: M.Vedakumar

Old MCH office at Darushifa

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makers and heritage activists work together andincrease awareness among the citizens of the cityand bring in legislation. This will lead to a betterrecognition of the city for its world heritage sites,and pave the way for a World Heritage City statusto Hyderabad.

PPPPPrrrrroposals and Roposals and Roposals and Roposals and Roposals and RecommendationsecommendationsecommendationsecommendationsecommendationsHyderabad is without doubt the Kohinoor of

the Deccan—a multifaceted jewel of history. Interms of its rich diversity, as much historical as interms of its present social and physical townscape,it is unparalleled even among the ‘old cities’ of India.

However, unless serious and urgent efforts areinitiated for the conservation of its rich legacy ofheritage—especially as reflected in its oldestquarters—we will be mute witnesses to itsirretrievable loss resulting either from inaction andlack of awareness, or even because of a deliberatemotive to efface the legacy in favour of moderndevelopment. Hence the need to initiate urgentstock-taking, to sound the naubat for acomprehensive conservation plan.

ConserConserConserConserConservvvvvation zation zation zation zation zone:one:one:one:one:The Government of Andhra Pradesh has been

sensitive to the question of conservation. TheHyderabad Urban Development Authority(HUDA) and the Municipal Corporation ofHyderabad (MCH) have already put into placeseveral initiatives towards heritage conservation suchas the Pedestrianization Project for Charminar andJawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission. A newHeritage Conservation Committee too has beenformed to deal with conservation issues.

The planning of new infrastructure should notbe detrimental to the heritage aspects of thearea covered by the town planning initiative.

At the same time, any natural threat to theexistence of heritage structures (e.g., due tonatural disasters) should not be seen as a

convenient opportunity to skirt the issue ofheritage conservation. For example, cityauthorities recently questioned the safety of afew old buildings after heavy rains affected thearea (July-August 2005). Proposals were evenmade to demolish the buildings immediately,without considering the heritage aspect of thesestructures.

Zonal Task Forces should be set up to facilitateimplementation of specific conservationprogrammes in the various areas of theConservation Zone.

Creation of an independent Urban ArtsCommission for the entire city of Hyderabad,to ensure that different conservation effortsmove within the framework of a broader canvastowards a goal of an aesthetic townscape andwithout incongruity.

The Urban Arts Commission would alsooversee efforts to bring about a favourablechange in the public attitude to urbanconservation, especially through awarenessprogrammes.

Conservation demands a multidisciplinaryapproach, with input from a wide resource base.Conservation efforts will therefore gainconsiderably from association with experiencedprivate/public organizations, groups ornongovernmental organizations such as theIndian National Trust for Art and CulturalHeritage (INTACH) etc.,

Setting up of a Heritage Cell under theplanning wing of MCH, to provide supportto heritage owners and function as a single-window option for fast-tracking of permissions(for layout modifications, adoptive re-use,period restoration, etc.) and other routinemunicipal approvals and formalities.

A comprehensive heritage listing should beundertaken, in order to construct a databaseof heritage structures in Hyderabad and itsenvirons, with detailed information about

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history of construction and ownership,architectural styles, etc., which could either beconsulted online, or linked to other databasesin the town planning department.

Information for such a listing could be gatheredthrough a ‘heritage questionnaire, ’ that couldalso be used as a vehicle to promote the mottoof conservation and dispel doubts.

The Floor Space Index (FSI) regulations forthe Conservation Zone should be carefullyevaluated and revised from time to time, inorder to avoid a situation of extreme densitythat would not be in the interest of the heritagecharacter of that area. For example, higherdensities would invariably lead to greater trafficflow and the resultant need for road wideningand demolition of roadside heritage structures.

The conservation exercise within the study areashould eventually serve as a model forreplication to all the other areas of the city/state, since heritage structures exist in plentythroughout Andhra Pradesh

HHHHHeritage oeritage oeritage oeritage oeritage ownership:wnership:wnership:wnership:wnership:The high cost of heritage maintenance often

forces private owners to demolish the old structuresin order to construct modern units (e.g., multi-storeyed complexes) for adequate compensation.Heritage property owners should be offeredappropriate incentives for the conservation of theirpriceless past. Entitlement to TDR is the onlyincentive available to owners of heritage buildingsin Hyderabad currently. The followingrecommendations are proposed:

Incentives offered in other heritage cities of thecountry (Ahmedabad, New Delhi, Kolkata,Mumbai, etc.) as well as heritage centres in othercountries (say, in Europe) should be carefullystudied with a view to formulate an incentivepolicy for Hyderabad/Andhra Pradesh.

A property/house tax holiday, either in part orfull, should be offered to heritage building

owners. Such relief measures, coupled withtechnical support from the government agency,would help bring about a more positive viewabout conservation in the minds of owners.

Exemption on taxes and duties (e.g., stamp dutyon registration), when the purchaser of a heritagebuilding guarantees his intent to take appropriateconservation/maintenance measures.

Measures such as Income-Tax relief on privatecontributions, subsidies on bank loans,reduction in interest rates, etc., could be offeredon funds to be procured for the conservationof heritage property.

Entitle owners of heritage buildings to changeof use of the premises (say, residential tocommercial, as museums, hotels, etc.), whensuch change results in appropriate revenue tothe owner for the conservation of the heritagevalue.

Place heritage owners on the State Governmentlist of privileged invitees for State ceremonies/visits of dignitaries and functionaries. This wouldnot only recognize the owners’ distinction ascustodians of the State’s collective heritage, butalso give them a sense of pride in their heritageownership, thereby highlighting the importanceof heritage conservation in the public eye.

Encouraging corporate/institutionalsponsorship of specific heritage structures orareas would not only support the cause ofconservation and stimulate furtherparticipation by other agencies, but also accorda higher profile to heritage conservation.

Encourage the creation a concerted policy tocreate a ‘heritage market’, which would spurinvestment within the context of conservation.

HHHHHeritage consereritage consereritage consereritage consereritage conservvvvvation:ation:ation:ation:ation:Heritage conservation, especially the

restoration of period construction, demands a widevariety of expertise irrespective of the scale. Creationof a heritage-conscious society will largely depend

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on the qualitative and quantitative support availableto the custodians of heritage. Somerecommendations are given below:

Consultations with conservation architects andtechnical experts should be made compulsorybefore obtaining permissions for heritageproperty development or restoration.

Adaptive re-use/development must involvelocal communities, as there could be potentialcontributors holding valuable local heritageinformation.

Municipal offices could maintain a panel ofqualified/experienced conservation architects,engineers, workers, as well as suppliers ofappropriate conservation materials/ equipment.

Throughout the State, many Governmentdepartments are currently housed in buildingsthat have great heritage value. The Public WorksDepartment (PWD-R&B) should take theinitiative in setting up its own heritage divisionwith a fully equipped conservation laboratory.Such a lab would be overseen by highly qualifiedconservation architects and engineers, whoseservices could also be extended to various otherGovernment departments as well as privateheritage building owners.

HHHHHeritage tourism:eritage tourism:eritage tourism:eritage tourism:eritage tourism:Heritage tourism is a major spin off for

conservation. India is a rich cultural and historicaldestination for thousands of tourists every year, andHyderabad is one of the preferred points on theiritineraries. Any effort to preserve the city’s heritagewould only translate into making it a more attractivedestination for tourists from the world over. Already,the Heritage Walks organized by the Departmentof Tourism have been extremely well received bytourists and local residents alike. Somerecommendations are offered below to furtherenhance this aspect:

Encourage the local people to constitute theirown Heritage Activist Groups in their respective

localities, which could then become channelsfor building repositories of authentic localheritage information, but also take the lead inorganizing walks, visits, talks, etc., for the benefitof their own locality or for regular tourists.

Such a move to form local interest groupswould undeniably increase the sense of heritageownership, identification, and pride for theentire locality.

This, in turn, would bring about greaterawareness of the need for aesthetics andcleanliness in the locality.

These local groups could provide appropriateassistance for setting up and maintaining‘heritage plaques’ or signages in the locality forthe benefit of tourists and visitors.

New technologies, such as GPS, should beexploited in order to design better access andtourist routes to heritage structures andmonuments through the maze of streets andlanes that characterize Hyderabad. The NationalInformatics Centre (NIC) has set up a ComputerAided Utility Mapping project that could serveas an important information source.

FFFFFinancial rinancial rinancial rinancial rinancial resouresouresouresouresources:ces:ces:ces:ces:As with all initiatives, heritage conservation

demands considerable financial resources. Severalinstitutions have already provided models offinancial support in a few cities in India. TheGovernment should provide the necessary liaisonand technical support to facilitate financial aid andassistance. Some examples are given below:

‘Asia-Urbs’ project introduced by the EuropeanUnion.Charles Wallace India Trust, UK.Ford Foundation, USA.Sir Ratan Tata TrustUNESCOThe World Bank.American Express.

F

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The Qutb Shahi rulers were distinguished,among all sovereigns of the Deccan, in theirgenerosity, nobility of mind and sublimity ofthought. These kings, who ruled Andhra Deshaduring the 16th and 17th centuries, bequeathed avaluable legacy, of culture to the people of theDeccan.

The City of Hyderabad with its exquisite layoutand embellishments may rightly be regarded as amemorial of Qutb Shahi Kings.

Whatever the motives, the foundation of theCity of Hyderabad was laid in 1591-92. It tookmany years before it blossomed with new life andsocial activities. Its layout and embellishment reflectthe fine taste and genius of its founder. WilliamMethold says “In view of its healthy climate andabundant supply of water, the city of Hyderabad isthe best city in the whole of India”. Hyderabad is aplanned city laid out with elegant taste andgeometrical accuracy, and not a product of naturalgrowth. It was scientifically planned, traversed bystraight roads and studded in every direction withpalaces, mansions, arches and gardens.

The first garden of Qutb Shahi period ismentioned as Bagh-Faiz-e-Asar (present Qutb Shahigardens of Golkonda) by Sultan Quli-I.

Although it was Ibrahim Qutb Shah’s sonMohammad Quli Qutb Shah, who has left his nameto posterity in the field of town planning andarchitecture, it was in fact Ibrahim Qutb Shah whoshowed the way to his son.

Golkonda became the meeting place ofcultures, mainly South-Indian and Perso-Arab andIbrahim welcomed all those who came to enrichthe state either morally or materially. Apart from

QQQQQutb Sutb Sutb Sutb Sutb Shahi Ghahi Ghahi Ghahi Ghahi Gararararardens of Gdens of Gdens of Gdens of Gdens of Golkonda and Holkonda and Holkonda and Holkonda and Holkonda and Hyyyyyderabadderabadderabadderabadderabad

MrMrMrMrMr. M. M. M. M. Mohd. Aohd. Aohd. Aohd. Aohd. Abdul Qbdul Qbdul Qbdul Qbdul Qayyumayyumayyumayyumayyum

the gifts and pensions which he granted to“Students, poets and other deserving persons” hegave standing orders that anyone who came to visitone of the many groves and gardens which he hadplanted, should be presented with ‘Pomegranates,apples, figs or mangoes’ according to the season.

The beauty and extent of the capital of IbrahimQutb Shah impressed the Londoner Ralph Fitchwho was in India from 1583 to 1591 for he saysthat Golkonda “is a fair town with fair houses ofbrick and timber and abounds with great stores offruit and fresh water”.

Ibrahim Qutb Shah planted a number ofgroves, some of which, including a small portion ofthe vast Bagh Ibrahim Shahil or Ibrahim Bagh tothe Southwest of the fort of Golkonda which stilIexists. He threw them open to the public. TheOriginal Ibrahim Bagh extended from the twinhillocks now topped by the Baradari of Taramatiand the mosque named after Pemamati, both ofwhich flank the road to the modern Osman Sagar,right up to the ruins of the palaces lying towardsthe West of the Mosque.

Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah laid out the newcapital on the plain South of the Musi on a grandscale and with much greater facility. So “When themoon was in constellation of Leo and Jupiter wasin his own mansion”, the Sultan ordered architectsand masons to prepare the plans of a City whichwould be “unequalled the world over and would bea replica of paradise itself ’.

Apart from the palaces proper MohammedQuli built three vast pavilions, two on the top ofthe hills and one the Nadi Mahal, overlooking theSouthern bank on the river Musi, to which he

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sometimes retired for relaxation.The Sultan ordered a vast pavilion to be erected

on the top of the hilI and large cisterns and gatesfacing the four Cardinal points. When the buildingswere ready he had a garden planted, which he namedas Nabat Ghat or the Hillside Botanical parks. ThishilI was the one which later on came to be knownas Naubat Pahad. The Nabat Ghat was later extendedright up to the river from the Bagh-e-Dilkusha andcovered the whole area now occupied by BasheerBagh, the Bagh-e-Aam, the Fateh Maidan and theResidency totalling 9 Square miles. The water wassupplied from Hussain Sagar.

About two miles South of the Charminar wasanother hill which was covered with greenery allround and had a very salubrious climate. A pavilionwas therefore constructed there, consisting of fourlarge halls and a platform 30 yards long and 20 yardsbroad, with a large tank 45 yards by 30 yards at theback. The king named it as Koh-e- TUL Itcommanded the Southern part of the city much inthe same way as the Nabat Ghat, which commandedthe Northern parts. This hill still enjoys the prideof place among the suburbs of Hyderabad, for it ison this that the world famous Falaknuma Palace hasbeen constructed. The whole area from Nabat Ghatto Koh-e- Tur was full of gardens, groves and parksand the buildings of the new capital. Mohd. QuliQutb Shah must have glittered like gems in themidst of the all-pervading greenery. It was not merelythe palaces, which were set in the midst of thegardens, but parks were laid out in other places aswell. Some of the gardens were planted even on theroofs of palaces and Tavernier expresses his greatsurprise about how the roof gardens of the HinaMahal contained “trees of that highness, that it is athing of great wonder how these arobes should bearso large a burden.”

To find out the internal plans of these gardensit is necessary to see the description of one of them,probably the Bagh Lingampally, left for us byThevenot:

“There are many fair gardens in this town, theirbeauty consist in having long walks kept very clean,and lovely fruit trees. The garden without the townis the loveliest and I shall only describe one of them.At first one enters into a great place: it is plantedwith Palms and Areca trees, so near to each otherthat the sun can hardly pierce through them. Thewalks of it are straight and neat with borders of wildflowers, which they call Gul-Dandi. The house atthe end of this garden has two great wings adjoiningthe main body of it”.

“The garden is planted with flowers and fruittrees; all are in a very good order, and in this as wellas in the first garden there are lovely walks wellgravelled and bordered with diverse flowers. Thereruns a canal in the midst of the great walk, which isfour foot over, and carries away what it receives fromlittle fountains of water, that are also in the middleof the walk in certain distances, this garden in verylarge, and bounded by a wall which has a great gatein the middle that opens into a close of a large extent,planted with fruit trees, and as nearly contrived asthe garden”.

William Methold, who was a servant of theBritish Company states that it was not possible toexpress in words the grandeur and beauty of theQutb Shahi buildings (including gardens).

“The palaces were nicely built and decoratedand hung with beautiful tapestry and hangings ofbrocade and silk. The rooms and halls were tastefullyfurnished with luxurious furniture, China vase, goldand silver ornaments”. A queer fact about thesebuildings was that all of them were fitted withmysterious water supply arrangements. Almost allthe palaces had a network of water pipes and eventhe walls and ceilings were coursed with water.Besides these, the green and the grandeur of gardensin perpetual flourish, presented a feast to the eyes.Canals zigzagged at intervals and fountain and poolsteemed the precincts. The palaces were erected on aplateau and were laid out in a harmonious fashionwith streams and water falls huddling the main

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structure. Fountains were devised at beauteous spotsall round”.

Hina Mahal situated on the banks of the Musiwithin Amin Bagh was once the garden of AminKhan, a high dignitary of the time of Ibrahim QutbShah. The site is still called as Amin Bagh, and it ishere that the present Victoria Zenana Hospital islocated.

Till recently a skeleton of Bagh Lingampalliexisted but the Qutb Shahi pavilion is no more.

“A large City with magnificent mansions wasfounded, every one of which had a large gardenattached to it. Both bazars and houses are so full oftrees that the whole city looks like one Bagh andthere is such a variety of fruits from Khurasan andPortugal that they have lost their value”.

Even now there are many Parks of the citywhich once formed the main feature of the localitiesbut where neither any fruit gardens nor parks existtoday. Such for instance, are the Jam Bagh,Murlidhar Bagh, Basheer Bagh, Theshir Bagh, ZebaBagh, Sita Ram Bagh, Musaram Bagh, Bagh-e-Amberpet, Amin Bagh and many others. Theyhave all been built over.

It is not merely Mohd. Quli’s amours, whichhe had in his heart. For when he begins to describethe phenomena of nature, he composed poems onrainy season, winter and summer, on gardens, grovesand parks, on fruits and vegetables etc. and has takenthe cue from purely Indian objects, which he sawaround himself. He welcomes the first showers ofthe year when everything becomes young again andthere is a prospect of green grass and scentedblossoms.

In praise of the garden he had laid, called Bagh-e-Mohammad Shahi, Mohd. Quli says:

1. “Clouds are again roaring and gardens are againbecoming fresh, and the bulbul of the thousandtunes has again smelt the scent of flowers”.

“0 gentle breeze, bearer of the glad tidings,carries the news to the youth, that theworshippers of the juice are waiting for the

green of the landscape to appear.”

“Youthful flowers, which have the brilliant dewas their perspiration, which the narcissus sweepsaway by its very eyelids”.

2. “It is the name Prophet himself which has beengiven to this Wood ;

And for that reason the park, which is similarto the Paradise itself appears like the home ofmany a tree each bearing myriad fruit”.

“When I espied the garden from the roadside Ifelt as all the buds of my own being began toopen out; and they smelt so that the whole ofthe universe was full of fragrance” .

3. The bunches of grapes in the garden are likethe clusters of the stars in the Pleiades or in theconstellation of Virgo.

And the bower of the grape vine is spread outlike the very Milky Way in firmament.

4. “The clusters of the dates appear as if they areclaws in a Coral; while the betelnuts look like

clusters of ruby by night.”

5. “The fruit of the Guava tree seems to have beenmade of sapphire.And my whole endeavour is that the trees I

have planted should not suffer an evil eye.”A garden was laid in the premises of

Khairatabad Mosque during the period of Mohd.Qutb Shah.

Khas BKhas BKhas BKhas BKhas Bagh or the ‘Pagh or the ‘Pagh or the ‘Pagh or the ‘Pagh or the ‘Privrivrivrivrivate Gate Gate Gate Gate Gararararardendendendenden’ at’ at’ at’ at’ atHHHHHayathnagarayathnagarayathnagarayathnagarayathnagar

Just outside the compound of HayathnagarMosque on its Northeastern corner is a large squarewell called the Hathi Bowli in which effigies of birdsof different kinds are beautifully worked in stucco.The building had pulleys for the rope carryingleather buckets for raising water, three lower pulleysfor oxen and the upper large pulleys for an elephant.The water was carried to storage tanks below fromwhere it was distributed over the area as well as theKhas Bagh by means of clay pipes.

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HHHHHadiq a - tus-Sadiq a - tus-Sadiq a - tus-Sadiq a - tus-Sadiq a - tus-SalateenalateenalateenalateenalateenCalls the town Hayatabad and says that it is

like a part of paradise itself. It was founded in thefirst year of Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah’s rule “inthe best of style” and populated by all categories ofthe people, merchants, handicraftsmen and others.It has “numerous houses and lofty buildings” manygroves and gardens, large streets and squares, and aDad Mahal or Palace of Equity.

The Bagh-e-Nabi and Bagh Lingampally werelaid out by the Sultan Abdullah Qutb Shah, but notrace is found of Bagh-e-Nabi. The Lingampalligarden that had an extensive area was laid duringthe reign of Sultan Mohd. Quli Qutb Shah and wasonce famous for its fresh fruits. Later it was used asa delightful resort for recreation by Sultan Abdullahwho spent 3 lacs of rupees on its restoration anddecoration. These gardens were strewn withbeautiful rows of plants and had the benefits ofabundant water supply.

The reservoir, walks and other buildings wereerected by His Highness Asaf Jah II. This gardenwas presented by His Highness Asaf Jah Vth, NawabAfzal-ud-Dowlah Bahadur to his brother-in-law theNawab Khurshid Jah Bahadur.

Two other palaces were erected by AbdullahQutb Shah in the vast park-like garden laid by theMir Jumla Syed Muzaffar on the banks of Mir Jumlatank. It is related that when Syed Muzaffar becamevery ill the Sultan went to enquire after his healthin person, by way of thanks to him the pavilion aswell as the gardens were presented to the king. Theking there upon ordered two lofty palaces to be builtthere with a grove, full of large tanks, water spoutsand water falls. On their completion Abdullah Qutb

Shah was greatly pleased with them and ordered thatthe ensemble be named Sultan Shahi Bagh. No traceof these palaces remain, but the name ‘Sultan Shahi’has stuck to one of the quarters of the City.

Abdullah Qutb Shah laid a garden in Naya Qilacalled Bagh-e-Naya Qila, which was planned on arectangular pattern, probably it once extended toboth sides of the beautiful channel which bringswater from a large cistern in the South of a smallercistern with an open platform called the Dal-BadalChabutra situated in the North of the garden. TheChannel as well as the garden is planned on theaccepted Mughal pattern, with a small pavilion inthe center of the large cistern and one right in themiddle of the channel.

At Atapur, is the house, which Mian Mishkconstructed a kind of garden pavilion. This villagelies about four miles from Puranapool, the Mahalgives us a glimpse of the pleasure or picnic resort ofwell-to-do nobles of the late Qutb Shahi period.The Mishk Mahal, as it is called, is built in themiddle of a vast area of about 10 acres surroundedby a high wall all-round with two gateways, onefacing North and other facing South. This vastenclosure contained myriad water channels and fruittrees.

The Mughals and Qutb Shahis, like otherEastern Nations, were interested in art and enjoyedbeauty. From very early times flowers and plants havebeen admired and cultivated in India. There aremany references to gardens in the Buddhist literatureand the Sanskrit plays. The sacred groves round theBuddhist shrines were no doubt among the earliestforms of gardening.

(Source : Salarjung Musuem Journal) F

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Recently I happened to read a book “Newhistorical placaes in Telangana” written by explorerSri D. Satyanarayana. I was very much impressedwith his dedication to unearth unknown historicalsites including pre-historic rock paintings inTelangana. I then remembered my brother Sukumarmentioning about some prehistoric rock paintingin the forest adjoining his lands in Hasthalpur villagein Veldurthi Mandai of Medak dist. Without wastingany time, I requested him to take me to see the rockpaintings. We borrowed a Camera from my nephewMr. Abhilash and set out on our exploration. We

UUUUUnknonknonknonknonknown Hwn Hwn Hwn Hwn Heritage site in Meritage site in Meritage site in Meritage site in Meritage site in Medak Dedak Dedak Dedak Dedak Districtistrictistrictistrictistrict

MrMrMrMrMr. M.H. Rao. M.H. Rao. M.H. Rao. M.H. Rao. M.H. Rao

drove for an hour and a half from the city to reachthe village.

After a trek of a Kilometre (now there is aJeepable road) from the village, we came across arock outcrop in the forest where there are severalOchre colour paintings. The locals call the hill rock“Pandavula Gutta” though the paintings are of muchearlier age. They depict several activities of cavemenpainted on the rockface of 12 to 15 feet. Some ofthem are fading away for lack of protection and care.Some of the picturers taken by us are shown here.

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The locals told us that there is an abandonedcave temple of lord Narasimha on the top of a hillnearby. After climbing about 100 rocky steps, wereached the cave temple with a Kakatiya stylemandap before the entrance. The cave is quitespacious and one could go round the idols inpradakshina. There was a small Shivaling and a few

idols without heads. probably damaged by vandals.Though there was a loose shivling, it was obviosly atemple of lord Narasimha since the twoDwarapalakas before the cave entrance wereHanuman and Garuda, devotees of Lord Vishnu.We also found that there were many carvings ofHanuman, Garuda, Ganapathy Shiva etc., on rock

On way to the Cave Temple At the Entrance of Cave Temple

Head less idols inside the Cave Temple Dug Up Mandapam

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faces scattered in the jungle around the cave temple.There were also Padams (feet) carved on the top ofthe hillock and three hardy banyan trees thirivingon a solid rocktop. One could get a panoramic viewof the forest and villages from the hill top. Some ofthe rock carvings are shown here. It is alsounfortunate that the belief that treasures are burriedunder the chakram slab before idols encourages

vandals to dig upthe areas in search of valuables.The Sarpanch of Hastalpur requested us to take upwith the Government to provide pucca steps to thetemple and also arrange for an Idol of lordNarasimha to be installed in the cave to justify thelocal name Narasimha Gutta. This place is just 66Kms away from Hyderabad and an ideal picnic spotfor a day’s outing.

Carving of Hanuman on a Rock Face Carving of Garuda on a Rock Face

Veera Bhadraswamy Root of Banyan Tree

Three Banyan Trees on top of A Rock Balancing Rock

F

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FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD“CHANDRAM” 490, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

Mobile: 9030626288, Fax: 0091-40-27635644,

E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

TTTTTooooo 4.8.2014 4.8.2014 4.8.2014 4.8.2014 4.8.2014SSSSSri.Kalvri.Kalvri.Kalvri.Kalvri.Kalvakuntla Chandra Sakuntla Chandra Sakuntla Chandra Sakuntla Chandra Sakuntla Chandra Shekar Raohekar Raohekar Raohekar Raohekar RaoThe HThe HThe HThe HThe Hononononon’ble Chief M’ble Chief M’ble Chief M’ble Chief M’ble Chief Ministerinisterinisterinisterinister,,,,,GGGGGooooovvvvvernment of ernment of ernment of ernment of ernment of TTTTTelanganaelanganaelanganaelanganaelanganaTTTTTelangana Selangana Selangana Selangana Selangana SecrecrecrecrecretariatetariatetariatetariatetariatTTTTTelanganaelanganaelanganaelanganaelangana.

DDDDDear Chief Mear Chief Mear Chief Mear Chief Mear Chief Ministerinisterinisterinisterinister,SSSSSub: Hub: Hub: Hub: Hub: Heritage and Eeritage and Eeritage and Eeritage and Eeritage and Envirnvirnvirnvirnvironmental ronmental ronmental ronmental ronmental resouresouresouresouresources conserces conserces conserces conserces conservvvvvation planning – some thoughts.ation planning – some thoughts.ation planning – some thoughts.ation planning – some thoughts.ation planning – some thoughts.

* * ** * ** * ** * ** * *

Unlike the earlier Development models which focused only on GDP increase and to some extent,Equity – which no doubt are very important – your focus also on conservation of Environment resources( greenery, forests, water bodies, Deccan rocks, air quality, etc., ) and History through conservation ofheritages has encouraged us to share some of our humble thoughts with you. Forum For A Better Hyderabadis a registered Trust formed in 2002, and provides a platform for various civil society organizations to shareand combine thinking on these issues.

Our basic suggestions re Heritage Conservation are as follows:

1. To revive the Heritage Conservation Committee ( HCC ) of HMDA – it is lying defunct since16.3.2013 when the term of the existing members expired; ii. To extend its jurisdiction to the wholeof the State instead of confining it only to HMDA area; for this, the HCC may be given a suitableinfrastructure iii. It has been felt that the present rules and regulations lack clarity on a number ofcrucial issues , we therefore request that an expert committee be constituted to review the presentregulations.

2. Revival of the Urban Arts Commission ( UAC ), the law for which is still operative, but the Commissionwent defunct as a new body was not reconstituted after expiry of its term in 1982. UAC not merelyconcerns Heritage but also Environment conservation and undertakes Planning whereas HCC candeal with only heritage, and that too with those cases referred to it. It is only for the Delhi UAC thatthe Metro railways in Delhi had to go underground at several places despite rocky terrain.

It is quite possible to give the powers and functions of the UAC to the HCC, if the government innot in favour of creating too many new bodies.

3. We attach below four Notes, one on Heritage conservation, one on UAC, and copy of a letter dt5.6.2013 touching upon miscellaneous pertinent issues, addressed to the then Chief Secretary, for

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detailed study at your secretariat. We shall be obliged to meet you to further clarify and discuss.Yours faithfully,

(M.VEDAKUMAR)President, Forum For A Better HyderabadAnnexures : Notes 1, 2, 3

NNNNNote 1ote 1ote 1ote 1ote 1HHHHHeritage Consereritage Consereritage Consereritage Consereritage Conservvvvvation - An agenda for actionation - An agenda for actionation - An agenda for actionation - An agenda for actionation - An agenda for action

Hyderabad is a city of history and heritages. Its heritage attracts tourists. Hyderabad is also a fastgrowing city, with increasing population and under pressure of the need for fast growth of infrastructures.The city’s planning, therefore, needs to combine development planning with heritage conservation (andalso environment conservation). Unfortunately, the city’s operational plan has not achieved such dovetailing,although its Master plan is always prefaced with a statement(s) of such need and purpose. The net result isthat the city is losing its roots and its unique selling proposition and becoming just like any other citywithout a past.

There is also the non-implementation of the laws & rules passed so imaginatively and on a pioneeringbasis by the A.P. State Government.

We suggest the following measures for protection of heritages:

GGGGGooooovvvvvernment-oernment-oernment-oernment-oernment-owned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildings

• Allocation of a regular budget for regular maintenance of government-owned HBs. As of now it isobserved that in several cases, no / little funds are allocated for their maintenance; therefore, they arenot maintained, and after some time they are declared unsafe for use and de-listed. Please see laterunder “A look at the recent cases of de-listing and disappearance of HBs”.

• Creating and maintaining a panel of conservation architects / engineers by the state government forthe maintenance and the valuation of HBs / HPs, from a heritage angle. [The assistance of INTACHmay also be sought for the purpose]. At present, the R & B Department is charged with theresponsibility of maintenance; and they evaluate an HB/ HP only from the cost of maintaining a unitand the benefit derived from its use; also, from the angle of the alternative use of the land occupied byit. Underlying is a consideration that the space used by making a modern structure in its place. Theydo not look at a by the building can be more optimally utiliz heritage building from its heritage valueconsisting of its architectural features, historical and associational values. In the process, HBs / HPsdo not get the attention they deserve.

PPPPPrivrivrivrivrivately-oately-oately-oately-oately-owned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildingswned heritage buildings

• Supplementing the incentive scheme of incentives for the owners of the privately owned heritagebuildings, which is now confined only to TDR. An incentive scheme was already submitted byINTACH, Hyderabad chapter in 2005 suggesting that the funding for incentives could be drawnfrom Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission ( JNNURM).

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MMMMMeasureasureasureasureasures res res res res recommended for both goecommended for both goecommended for both goecommended for both goecommended for both govvvvvernment-oernment-oernment-oernment-oernment-owned and privwned and privwned and privwned and privwned and privately oately oately oately oately owned HBswned HBswned HBswned HBswned HBsContinuous functioning of the Heritage Conservation Committee (HCC). The HCC is a bulwark

against removal / disfiguring of HBs / HPs. The powers and functions of the Urban Arts Commissionwhich is currently not functioning because a new committee was not formed on expiry of term of the oldcommittee members could be transferred to the HCC, and the latter’s powers enlarged, if the governmentin not in favour of creating too many new bodies.

• An annual survey to assess the condition of the each HB / HP by its concerned custodian , e.g.,HMDA, GHMC, concerned Municipality, APTDC, State Government department owning / usingsuch buildings, as the case may be. A similar survey should also be made of privately-owned HBs byHMDA, GHMC, concerned Municipality, its concerned custodian.

• State Tourism Department should take responsibility to inspect whether the HBs / HPs along theroute of heritage tour are properly preserved. They should also extend the routes for heritage tours tocover wider areas. They should appropriately take up the matter with the concerned custodian of aheritage building such as HMDA, GHMC, concerned Municipality, as the case may be. State TourismDepartment may also allocate a budget themselves toward such maintenance.

• Local citizens’ committees may be formed to keep watch on Heritage structures in their localities andalso to explain to visitors the history and significance of the structure so as to elicit interest.

• A special cell of conservation experts to help conservation of HBs and give technical advice, supplymaterials for restoration work may be constituted, We understand such a body has been constitutedin Ahmedabad. These experts may be paid some retainer-ship fees by the state government and beavailable to owners of HBs, private and government-owned on payment of additional fees on projectbasis.

• In addition to notifying of heritage structures, cultural heritages should be identified such as outfitswith local characters, e.g., shops for different handicrafts, clothes, jewellery, stationery, tea stalls. Anattempt should be made to localize the character of such outfits.

• Need for notification of additional HBs and HPs.

Informed circles consider that the number of heritage buildings notified in Hyderabad has been farless than the number of buildings which deserve notification. Adding to the list of notified buildingsshould be regularly examined. Buildings proposed for addition to the list of heritage structures shouldbe notified once every quarter. In this perspective, INTACH and HMDA had undertaken a jointproject of identifying additional buildings having heritage qualities. INTACH, Hyderabad has alreadyidentified and proposed to HMDA for notification of a large number of buildings as heritage buildings.The list is pending with HMDA.

• Finally, the Precincts should also be preserved. A Heritage precinct is a precinct not only because ofthe notified heritage buildings within the precinct area. Had that been so, there would have been noneed for conceptualizing and notifying a precinct in addition to identifying and notifying the heritagestructures in a precinct. Regulation 13.1 of HUDA Zoning Regulations, 1981 states that “buildingsincluded in Heritage Precincts (HPs) shall maintain the skyline in the precinct [without any high-risedevelopment] as may be existing in the surrounding area, so as not to diminish or destroy the valueand beauty of the said listed HB/HP. The development therein shall be in accordance with theguidelines framed by vice chairman (VC), HUDA in consultation with Heritage ConservationCommittee (HCC).” In its notification No 3023/PR/HUDA/2000 Dt 30-04-2000 re the Charminar

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precinct, HUDA went on to say that “ The notification of HP’s will imply that development proposals,street furniture, road-widening proposals and outdoor publicity within the HP’s shall need to beapproved by the VC HUDA and the HCC before permission granted by the MCH or other competentauthorities.” The Venice Charter, the Charter for Conservation of Historic Towns and Urban Areasadopted by The International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), 1987, to which Indiais committed, in ‘Recommendations concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of HistoricAreas’ (Warsaw Nairobi, 1976) and also various other instruments, indicate what are to be conservedunder Precinct. For example, *. Qualities to be preserved include the historic character of the town orurban area and all those material and spiritual elements that express this character, especially, Urbanpatterns as defined by lots and streets, relationships between buildings and green and open spaces;the formal appearance, interior and exterior, of buildings as defined by scale, size, style, constructionmaterials, colour and decoration; the relationship between the town or urban area and its surroundingsetting, both natural and man-made; the various functions that the town or urban area has acquiredover time. Any threat to these qualities would compromise the authenticity of the historic town orurban area. * Traffic inside a historic town or urban area must be controlled and parking areas must beplanned so that they do not damage the historic fabric or its environment.

* When urban or regional planning provides for the construction of major motorways, they must notpenetrate an historic town or urban area, but they should improve access to them.”

ArArArArArchaeological siteschaeological siteschaeological siteschaeological siteschaeological sites

• Several sites face encroachment / extinction and the Department of Archaeology and Museums isunable to protect them. Severe shortage of security staff, either own or hired from agencies, is allegedby the Department due to shortage of funds provided by the Tourism department. The StateArchaeology Department may be asked to submit within a time frame a statement of position.

•

NNNNNote 2ote 2ote 2ote 2ote 2 A.P A.P A.P A.P A.P. U. U. U. U. Urban Arrban Arrban Arrban Arrban Arts Commission – A brief note for the Chief Sts Commission – A brief note for the Chief Sts Commission – A brief note for the Chief Sts Commission – A brief note for the Chief Sts Commission – A brief note for the Chief Secrecrecrecrecretaretaretaretaretaryyyyy,,,,,

prprprprprepareparepareparepared in 2012 on basis of our earlier detailed lettered in 2012 on basis of our earlier detailed lettered in 2012 on basis of our earlier detailed lettered in 2012 on basis of our earlier detailed lettered in 2012 on basis of our earlier detailed letter, r, r, r, r, recommending :ecommending :ecommending :ecommending :ecommending :

• the restoration of the A.P. Urban Arts Commission ( APUAC ), the law is still in force, but the bodywas not reconstituted after expiry of its term in 1982. It is needed in addition to the HeritageConservation Committee HCC ) ; the HCC has no urban planning function and recommends oncases only referred to it, whereas UAC has a role in urban planning consistent with heritage conservation- the proclaimed motto of the State Government is ‘ Inclusive Heritage-based City DevelopmentPlanning ‘ - for which the HMDA / GHMC who do the city planning have no expertise or , enoughtime busy as they are with more urgent needs and tasks.

• AP UAC’s jurisdiction covers entire A.P., whereas, HCC covers only the HMDA area, which ofcourse includes GHMC area. UAC, however, under the existing set remains only an advisory body.

• Simultaneous with restoration of the UAC, or soon thereafter, the functions of the re-operationalizedUAC may be enlarged to include contemporary requirements – the focus being how to extend moderncivic facilities to relatively under-developed areas like the ‘old city’ where heritages predominate – in

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heritage planning.

• At stage II , say over a time range of 1 – 2 years, we may bring the AP UAC on the lines of the DelhiUAC, which has executive powers, to whom all development projects, affecting heritage, environment,have to be compulsorily referred and it has over-riding powers .

• At the final stage, say over a time range of 3 – 5 years, we recommend the formation of a State Trustfor Heritage, on the lines of the National Trust for Heritage in England . This will be a Trust which,inter alia, can acquire appropriate heritage properties including the land in its compound againstcompensation. This will counter the phenomenon of disappearing heritages, and contamination ofheritage precincts by invading the skyline among other things – among others the reasons thereforbeing alleged inability of private owners of HBs to maintain ; of the reluctance of the State Governmentguided by its civil engineers who look at any building from maximum utilization of its space; andlack of allocation of any or inadequate budget to heritage buildings, pressure and encroachment onthe land within the compound of a heritage building. These are very important requirements.

• On immediate basis, by a G.O., the HCC may be given the powers and functions of the UAC, till anew body is formed to constitute the UAC under the existing law. 6.5.2013

NNNNNote 3ote 3ote 3ote 3ote 3MMMMMiscellaneous issues - Letter to Discellaneous issues - Letter to Discellaneous issues - Letter to Discellaneous issues - Letter to Discellaneous issues - Letter to Drrrrr. P. P. P. P. P.K.M.K.M.K.M.K.M.K.Mohantyohantyohantyohantyohanty, Chief S, Chief S, Chief S, Chief S, Chief Secrecrecrecrecretaretaretaretaretaryyyyy,,,,,

GGGGGooooovvvvvernment of Andhra Pernment of Andhra Pernment of Andhra Pernment of Andhra Pernment of Andhra Pradesh, Hradesh, Hradesh, Hradesh, Hradesh, Hyyyyyderabad.derabad.derabad.derabad.derabad.We appreciate your sentiments expressed that a nation does not mean just its soil but also its people,

and that your primary focus will be to reach the benefit of the welfare measures to the people. The peopleneed, not merely bread and butter but also clean air, clean water, and reasonable open space plus thesustenance of the unique natural features, environment, and heritages which give their State and in particularthe city of Hyderabad, its distinctive character.

2. U2. U2. U2. U2. Unfornfornfornfornfortunatelytunatelytunatelytunatelytunately, all of the abo, all of the abo, all of the abo, all of the abo, all of the abovvvvve are are are are are diminishing. e diminishing. e diminishing. e diminishing. e diminishing. WWWWWe give give give give give a fee a fee a fee a fee a few examples:w examples:w examples:w examples:w examples:* Monuments, heritages, rock formations. We have lost quite a few of them in the last 2-3 years.This phenomenon is primarily due to greedy, unchecked real estate development - not that regulations

were lacking but because these were not applied often due to interference of vested interests of politicians/ bureaucrats as also alleged lack of adequate resources with the enforcement machinery. Heritage propertiesbecame an easy target of attack. Regrettably, in several cases, heritages which were examined and declaredby the government-appointed Heritage Conservation Committee ( HCC ) to be having continued heritagevalue and capable of being restored for which even concrete suggestions were offered, were de-notified bythe government under its discretionary suo moto powers under Regulation 13.3 of HUDA ZoningRegulations 1981, without any angle of public interest. Also, there is utter neglect of the government itselfin maintaining its owned/used heritage buildings; and by private owners due to lack of adequate incentivesfor heritage buildings. The GHMC and the HMDA are supposed to protect the heritage structures intheir respective jurisdictional areas, but there is no mechanism for overseeing and maintaining the qualityof the heritage structures.

3. Despite the presence of the ASI at Hyderabad with outposts at Charminar and Golconda, eveniconic structures like the Charminar, the Golconda Fort including its notified integral part the Naya QilaFort, have fallen prey to ill-maintenance, and unchecked encroachments ( Charminar was encroached

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even by the State police so that the High Court suo moto had to interfere!), reportedly due to lack ofattention by the State government authorities to ASI requests. The restoration of the Qutub Shahi tombs,another pride of Hyderabad, and competing for World Heritage Status, is in limbo due to a case filed bya private party in Wakf Tribunal, and no initiative is taken by either the State Archaeology or the WakfBoard , both State Government bodies, to settle the issue, if necessary by taking it to a higher court.

4. Clearly, the existing mechanisms for protecting the heritages, the monuments – Central and State-have not risen to the task. The intrusion of a mis-conceived golf course in the Naya Qila Fort, disturbingand threatening its terrain, contour, site integrity, heritages underneath, the water bodies, bushes andbirds, is another story. Pl see attached booklet. Annexure 1.

5. Some intervention by an institution of autonomous non- governmental experts is called for. AndhraPradesh pioneered in creation of such institutions, viz., the Heritage Conservation Committee ( HCC );and the State Urban Arts Commission ( SUAC ). The HCC has not been functioning since the expiry ofterm of the last committee, viz., 16.3.2013, despite our repeated requests well in time to renew the existingbody or form a new one. [In the absence of HCC’s functioning now, no power is vested in any authorityin the state government to make any changes whatsoever - which would include additions , to a notifiedheritage building, unless the said heritage building is de-notified by due observance of Regulation 13.3 ofthe HUDA Zoning Regulations 1981.] The SUAC has been defunct, although the law is still in force, forquite a few years. We had suggested that the powers of the SUAC may be vested in the HCC itself , andthe HCC’s jurisdiction increased to cover the state instead of only HMDA area – the HCC may be givena suitable infrastructure. The proposal dated September 2012 followed by a few reminders and mentionsin conferences, has evoked no response so far, whatsoever. Our proposals submitted in some time back isattached at Annexures 3 & 4.

6. 6. 6. 6. 6. WWWWWater bodies:ater bodies:ater bodies:ater bodies:ater bodies:Encroachment of water bodies in the city of lakes , pollution is not being effectively dealt with

despite a plethora of organisations like the HMDA, the lake Protection Authority, the Buddha PoornimaProject Authority. The catchment areas of Himayatsagar and Hussainsagar have been encroached overseveral years despite GO 111, with no action, not even a programme of action, by the authorities, so muchso the A.P. High Court is devising an external body to check.

7. G7. G7. G7. G7. Grrrrround ound ound ound ound WWWWWater:ater:ater:ater:ater:Ground water situation has reached an alarming level. Immediate strict regulation with effective

implementation of drawal from ground water is an imperative. Chetana Society and our Forum havesubmitted a proposal for ground water regulations in February 2013. Not much is seen to being done inthis respect.

8. O8. O8. O8. O8. Open Spen Spen Spen Spen Space:pace:pace:pace:pace:Parks are being put to commercial use, e.g., for marriages, functions etc., an innovation by the GHMC;

open space is encroached upon ( Annexure 5- our letter dt 12.3.13 to HMDA, GHMC) by constructions,large number of religious structures. Land use earmarked by HMDA is frequently changed from open /reserve area into residential / commercial/ industrial use contrary to court orders. No action is being takendespite objections in response to notification for change of use.

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9. A.P9. A.P9. A.P9. A.P9. A.P. model of tourism:. model of tourism:. model of tourism:. model of tourism:. model of tourism:Recently, there was an international conference on sustainable Tourism at Hyderabad. Sustainable

tourism around environment & natural phenomenon (such as lakes, rivers, greenery, forestry, hills, rocks,climate, etc ) and heritage sites would mean creating interest of tourists in these, providing minimuminfrastructural facility for the tourists; and a safe law and order situation. These would result in a flow oftourists, generating income for their preservation. Ipso facto, sustainable tourism would mean conservingand enhancing the core quality (ies ) of a site, and build tourist interest around these. In some cases, e.g.,in the case of reserve forests, tribal belts, etc., sustainable tourism would mean strictly regulating, and evendiscouraging, the flow of tourists. In such cases, the sites may have to be maintained by governmentfunding and not from its revenues.

The model followed at Hyderabad, nay in A.P. has unfortunately focused on entertainment facilities,real estate developments such as hotels, around such sites. In the case of water bodies, these have encroachedon their water spread and buffer zones, and polluted them, damaging / killing the flora and the fauna.

10. F10. F10. F10. F10. Forororororest coest coest coest coest covvvvver and trer and trer and trer and trer and trees:ees:ees:ees:ees:Diminishing forest cover, which was commented upon even by the GDP-focussed Planning

Commission is another alarm bell. The situation has since worsened. Tree plantation lately has taken aback seat , and post surveillance of trees surviving and choice of trees and locations of their planting leavescope for improvement. We have written to GHMC and AP Forest department in the matter.

11. 11. 11. 11. 11. The AThe AThe AThe AThe Authorities :uthorities :uthorities :uthorities :uthorities :We feel the utter absence of appreciation of environment and heritages in the thinking and action of the

authorities. Generally, the various authorities do not respond to our letters which only request then toenforce the implementation of the government’s own laws. Perforce, we have to resort to the courts and thepress, for compliance with the law. Even then, often the Court’s orders are not executed, and the recourse leftto us is again to file contempt ! - At our cost while the concerned authorities defend their ‘non’-implementationof government regulations with government money which again comes from us, the tax payers !

Mr. Vedakumar and Mr. Rao Chelikani visit to Lalapet and Rajendranagar to inspect Tree Felling request. Tree Protection Committee notallowed Five trees in Lalapet and adviced translocation of Ten trees in Rajendranagar and saved more than 100 trees in the year 2016.

F

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FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD“CHANDRAM” 490, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

Mobile: 9030626288, Fax: 0091-40-27635644,

E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

&

CIVIL SOCIETCIVIL SOCIETCIVIL SOCIETCIVIL SOCIETCIVIL SOCIETY GRY GRY GRY GRY GROUPSOUPSOUPSOUPSOUPS

OOOOOn behalf of Fn behalf of Fn behalf of Fn behalf of Fn behalf of Forororororum Fum Fum Fum Fum For A Bor A Bor A Bor A Bor A Better Hetter Hetter Hetter Hetter Hyyyyyderabad and Civil Sderabad and Civil Sderabad and Civil Sderabad and Civil Sderabad and Civil Society Gociety Gociety Gociety Gociety Grrrrroupsoupsoupsoupsoups

PRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASECancel the G.O. 183Cancel the G.O. 183Cancel the G.O. 183Cancel the G.O. 183Cancel the G.O. 183

to sav to sav to sav to sav to save and pre and pre and pre and pre and protect Hotect Hotect Hotect Hotect Historical / Historical / Historical / Historical / Historical / Heritage Beritage Beritage Beritage Beritage Buildings in Huildings in Huildings in Huildings in Huildings in HyyyyyderabadderabadderabadderabadderabadDt : 9.12.15

We are shocked at the sudden release of the G.O. MS no 183 of 7.12.15. Hyderabad was the secondcity to introduce heritage laws after Bombay. Now, almost all cities, states in India have heritage protectionlaws. Almost all civilized countries in the World have heritage protection laws, led by England where itsUrban Development Commission has beautifully reconciled the interests of urban development, theproperty holders with conservation of heritage. Forum For A Better Hyderabad repeatedly gave concreteproposals to the government, and even the Urban Arts Commission Act. By one stroke, if the protectionto heritage is thus removed, and the path is made clear to remove and demolish the heritage structureswithout any barrier, the multi-cultural history of Hyderabad with a mix of architecture of different agesand styles, will be wiped out. Hyderabad’s attraction as a tourism centre, prospects of having world heritagestatus sites will diminish with no security for their survival.

The Government must take back the G.O. dt 7.12.15. The government should make public theopinion of experts in the matter.

We request the immediate cancellation of the G.O. MS no 183 of 7.12.15.

M.VEDAKUMAR

President, Forum For A Better HyderabadMob: 9848044713Email: vedakumar52@gmail.com F

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FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD“CHANDRAM” 490, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

Mobile: 9030626288, Fax: 0091-40-27635644,

E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

PRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASEPRESS RELEASE

FBH wFBH wFBH wFBH wFBH welcomes the judgment of Helcomes the judgment of Helcomes the judgment of Helcomes the judgment of Helcomes the judgment of High Courigh Courigh Courigh Courigh Court on makingt on makingt on makingt on makingt on making the G the G the G the G the Gooooovvvvvernment rernment rernment rernment rernment responsible to presponsible to presponsible to presponsible to presponsible to protect and safeguarotect and safeguarotect and safeguarotect and safeguarotect and safeguard thed thed thed thed the

HHHHHistorical / Historical / Historical / Historical / Historical / Heritage Beritage Beritage Beritage Beritage Buildings in Huildings in Huildings in Huildings in Huildings in Hyyyyyderabad and not to demolish the HBs without Hderabad and not to demolish the HBs without Hderabad and not to demolish the HBs without Hderabad and not to demolish the HBs without Hderabad and not to demolish the HBs without High Courigh Courigh Courigh Courigh Courtttttpermissionpermissionpermissionpermissionpermission

Dt : 18.4.16

Recently the Government abolished the G.O, which facilitates notification of Heritage Buildings inand around Hyderabad city. FBH, contradicted the abolition, posed a question to the Government insuch an event will the Government take up the responsibility of protection of heritage buildings. TheGovernment disclosed that it will come up with a comprehensive G.O. for the protection of H.Bs.Subsequently , FBH, in resentment filed a writ petition in the High court by challenging the Governmentdecision. At this juncture, the High Court pronounced the judgement that the responsibility of protectingheritage buildings lies on Government and made it clear that the heritage buildings should not be demolishedwithout prior permission of the High Court.

FBH welcomed the High court decision and felt that it is a gesture to receive the judgement on theoccasion of World Heritage Day. FBH, insisted the Government to bring in comprehensive G.O. meantfor the protection of historical and heritage important buildings to show its sincerity . Historical heritagewill have significant role in emergence of Hyderabad as a world Heritage City. Historical and heritagebuildings brought laurels to Hyderabad and placed it on international heritage map. Telangana stood as amodel in our country with the introduction of Mission Kakatiya and Mission Bhagiratha projects. Wewish, similarly Telangana should become a model in our country in respect of conservation and preservationof our heritage. We hope the Government will take suitable step in this direction. FBH will strive toprotect HBs as ever.

M.VEDAKUMAR

President, Forum For A Better HyderabadMob: 9848044713Email: vedakumar52@gmail.com F

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If the Heritage Regulations constituted underRegulation no. 13 of the HMDA ZoningRegulations have been deleted by GO of the presentgovernment, then not only most of the HeritageBuildings in Hyderabad stand without protectionnow, but also the 25 Rock Sites in HMDA areawhich are included in these Regulations.

When the Society to Save Rocks was foundedin 1996, these Regulations had just been introduced.The first list of Heritage Buildings and HeritagePrecincts was notified in 1998, in which 9 RockFormations were listed too. Another 16 rock siteswere added later.

One of the main activity of rock saving is givingas much publicity as possible to the danger that thesebeautiful sculptures of nature are exposed to. Thecitizens of Hyderabad, the builders, architects andowners of plots, even government departments, arestill not fully aware of the natural treasure that theserocks represent – be it for aesthetic, environmental,historical or recreational reasons. With no HeritageRegulations to back up the claim for preservation,the protection even of the erstwhile notified, especially

ArArArArAre Re Re Re Re Rocks Docks Docks Docks Docks Doomed inHoomed inHoomed inHoomed inHoomed inHyyyyyderabad?derabad?derabad?derabad?derabad?

Mrs. FMrs. FMrs. FMrs. FMrs. Frauke Qrauke Qrauke Qrauke Qrauke QuaderuaderuaderuaderuaderSecretary, Society to Save Rocks

spectacular granite formations in the city will be nearlyimpossible. The government is as much guilty as the

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building community and private owners of doingaway with whatever rocky landscape obstructs theirplans. A case in point is the huge water reservoir builtinto the Venkateshwaragutta Hill near Shamirpet, thesewage pipeline hacked into the rocks around DurgamCheruvu, transmission tower on Moula Ali rock. Andthese are all Heritage Rocks! The full Hitec city isbuilt into a landscape of boulder formations withalmost all of them disappearing under immensemodern corporate layouts.

There are, though, possibilities to preserve atleast some of our typical rocky landscape andincorporate them into living spaces and outdoorlayouts. Look at the cascading rocks under the big

apartment complex called ‘Rock Levelz’ in Road No.12, Banjara Hills. Look at the rock column in thegarden of the Anti Corruption Bureau, again inRoad 12, Banjara Hills. See many drawing roomsor hotels that have incorporated the rocks into theirinteriors. The Sunken Garden in the new buildingof the LV Prasad Eye Institute is a great example forthe love and will to preserve Hyderabad’s rockyheritage. And there is still hope that several Rockand Nature Parks will be created in the city – therocky hills are still there, maybe not for too longnow.

Do we have the will to protect our spectacular,rocky cityscape – we, the citizens of Hyderabad?

Due to recent rains and wind in Hyderabad, May 2016

F

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Oxygen, oxygen, oxygen, oxygen.Kahaan hai, kahaan hai, kahaan hai, oxygen?

1. Main tha keval ek patta,Yeh hai meri kahaani.Daali se raheta tha latka,Ab hai na meri koi nishani.

2. Ped par raheta tha,Bhaiyon se khelta tha,Bahenon se milta tha,Aisi thi meri zindagani.

3. Sooraj ki garmi se,Paani aur chlorophyll se,Carbon dioxide milakar,Banata tha main apna khana.

4. Paudhon ke har bhag mein yeh khana,Hota hai sunishchit pahunchana,Chlorophyll deta hai rang haraa,Is liye pedh hota hai hara bhara.

5. Main aur saare patte,Rasoi ghar kahelate,Aur chlorophyll ko rasoiya,Itna mahatwa hai hamaara.

Kahaan H Kahaan H Kahaan H Kahaan H Kahaan Hai Oxygen?ai Oxygen?ai Oxygen?ai Oxygen?ai Oxygen?

Mrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. Sanghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Malikalikalikalikalik

6. Patte chaun dete,Dhoop se raksha karte,Zameen thanda rakhte,Par, manushya sahan kar na sake yeh.

7. Ek din woh aaya lekar,Hath mein badi si kulhadi,Taney ko krurta se kaat daala,Poori hui meri yeh kahaani,Saath mein meri zindagani!Jab patte hi nahiin rahenge,toh oxygen kahaan se milega?

GGGGGlossarlossarlossarlossarlossary:-y:-y:-y:-y:-Daali- branchSunishchit - without failRasoi ghar- kitchenRasoiya- ChefMahatwa- importanceChaun- shadeSahan- tolerateKulhadi- axeTanhe- trunk of a treeKrudta- cruelly

F

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Chalo, chalo, chalo, chalo, chalo, chalo, chalo, chalo!Chalo chalo hum jhadoo uthayein,Safaii karne mein hum lag jayein.Gandagi ho toh, door hatwayein,

Hyderabad ko, khoob chamkayein.Ghar mein hum kudhe ko algayein,Geele aur sukhe ko alag rakhayein,

GHMC ke madad mein juth jayein,Hyderabad ko khoob chamkayein.Raaste mein rakha malwa hatayein,Parks ko aur bhi swachch banayein,

Raaste aur galiyon mein paudhe lagayein,Hyderabad ko hara bhara banayein.

Deewaron par koi poster chipkayein,Toh turant un sabko, nikalwayein,

Parcha bantnein walo ko bhagayein,Hyderabad ko khoob chamkayein.

Glossary:-Gandagi- dirt

Hatwayein- move outKudhe- waste

Algayein- separateMadad-help

Juth jayein- joinMalwa-debris

Paudha- saplingsHara bhara- green

Poster chipkayein- paste postersTurant- immediatelyNikalwayein- remove

Parcha- handbills

H H H H Hyyyyyderabad Kderabad Kderabad Kderabad Kderabad Ko Khoob Chamkayo Khoob Chamkayo Khoob Chamkayo Khoob Chamkayo Khoob Chamkayeineineineinein

Mrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. Sanghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Malikalikalikalikalik

F

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1) It is an unplanned development all the way,No matter what the authorities say,It is trees, parks and lakes any day,Flyovers, rotaries and skywalks, no way, no way!

2) We want greenery and open spaces, yeh, yeh, yeh,We want to walk, jog and run and have our way,The priorities of the government of the day,Should be planting of native trees all the way.

3) If there were no plants and trees, I can sayThere would be no life on Earth a single day,It is plants we need for food everydayAnd oxygen to breathe night and day.

4) The KBR park is on a high ridge, I prayAll violations must stop straightaway,All thoughts of more constructions, just take away.We only want our footpaths and walkways.

5) More birds will be back, day by day,Butterflies will flutter their wings to portrayTheir happiness and squirrels scampering up the treesWill be seen on the trees everyday.

6) I dare say, we'll have our way,Improve the quality of life, day by day,We'll go all out to save the parks, not the motorways,We'll win this one, hurray, hurray, hurray!!!

SSSSSavavavavave e e e e The PThe PThe PThe PThe Parararararks Iks Iks Iks Iks In Hn Hn Hn Hn Hyyyyyderabadderabadderabadderabadderabad

Mrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. SMrs. Sanghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Manghamitra Malikalikalikalikalik

F

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ENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRATIONTIONTIONTIONTION&&&&&

FORFORFORFORFORUM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16UM’S 16ththththth ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSARYYYYY

A better HA better HA better HA better HA better Hyyyyyderabad bderabad bderabad bderabad bderabad by Ay Ay Ay Ay Awarwarwarwarwareness in yeness in yeness in yeness in yeness in youthouthouthouthouthForum for a better Hyderabad (FBH) has

celebrated its Sixteenth Anniversary coinciding withWorld Environment Day on 5.6.16 atAdministrative Staff College of India, Somajiguda,wherein the eminent speakers expressed that for abetter Hyderabad its necessary to create awarenessamongst the youth. Padmasri Awardee, EminentArtist Sri.K.Laxma Goud was the Chief Guest andreleased the Annual Number of FBH. CCMBDirector Dr.Rakesh K Misra, ASCI Centre forEnergy, Environment, Urban Governance andInfrastructure Development Director, Prof. V.Srinivasa Chary were the Guests of Honor. Theprogram was presided over by Sri. M.VedaKumar,President, FBH. Annual Report was presented bySri O.M Debara, Gen. Secretary, FBH. The programwas compere by Smt. Sanghamitra Malik, JointSecretary, FBH.

Speaking on this occasion Sri. K. Laxma Goudexpressed that we have lost the historical Hyderabadlong time ago, without esthetic sense and apathy ofcommon man, it is just impossible to develop ourcity. There is no need of loosing our heritagebuildings for the sake of sky scrappers like Singaporeand China. In fact, it is important to understandour problems and to find suitable solutions to suitto our requirement.

Prof. V. Srinivasa Chary mentioned that theneed of the hour’s awareness has to be created infuture generation about the problems being facedby the City and their solutions. Approximately 55percentage of water leakage is the prime concern tothe scarcity of the water. By containing it theproblem can be resolved. Rain water is not beingharvested properly. By adopting the sophisticated

technology and by involving the people the existingsewerage problem in city can be solved. Thecollective efforts and the support of youth and withthe help of research and educational institutions issufficient for cleansing of Musi River can be attainedwithout foreign technology.

Dr. Rakesh K Misra asserted that the sensitivelink between the people and the Government iswidening though there are problems in urbandevelopment but can be sorted out, organizationslike FBH have to take initiation in this regard. Hequoted an example of people having stakehold inpolicy decisions in Switzerland.

Sri. M. Vedakumar said that since two centuriesthe environment is being destroyed in the name ofdevelopment, there should be a frolicsomeatmosphere with environment. The festivals likeBathukamma will depict the relationship with thenature. By virtue of the inspiration of it water bodiesand the nature can be protected. The technology andsocial institutions should move like hand in glove.The concern shown by Qutubshahis and AsafJahistowards city’s development is appreciated by him.Small cities will enable an good governance. Countermagnets should be developed around the big cities.Forum has been playing a key role to find solutionsof issues related to environment by discussions andconsultations with the officials, depending on theresponse FBH approaching the judiciary.

FBH Vice President Sri. M.H Rao, TreasurerSri. Rao Chelikani Rao, E.C.Member Smt.FraukeQadar, Sri.K.S Murthy, Sri.Deepankar Datta,Sri.S.Jeevan Kumar, Sri.S.P. Shorey, Sri.VishnuKanth Bide,Sri.Qamar Mohd Khan, Sri.NagavendarRao, Sri.Mehtha, Sri. J.Devi Prasad etc.,participated. F

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FORFORFORFORFORUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADTER HYDERABADcelebrated its 15th Fcelebrated its 15th Fcelebrated its 15th Fcelebrated its 15th Fcelebrated its 15th Formation Dormation Dormation Dormation Dormation Day today ay today ay today ay today ay today bycoinciding with World Environmental Day todayfrom 11 a.m. at Administrative Staff College of India(ASCI), Hyd. The dignitaries who graced theoccasion were Dr.Ch.MOHAN RAO, Director,CCMB & NGRI, Hyd. as the Guest of Honourand Released the Annual Number. Sri.TADAKAMALLA VIVEK Convenor, TelanganaHistory Society, Prof.K.PURUSHOTHAMREDDY, Eminent Environmentalist & Dr.K.BABURAO, Chief Scientist (Retd., ), Indian Institute ofChemical Technology (IICT), Hyd are the Guestsand spoke on the occasion. The programme waspresided by Mr M Vedakumar, President, Forumand Mr.O.M.Debara, General Secretary of theForum presented the Agenda.

Talking on the occasion of 15th anniversary ofForum For A Better Hyderabad, the Director ofNational Geographical Research Institute, Dr C HMohan expressed his concern over uncontrolledurban development and urged for interference ofpublic organizations and forums. Dr Mohan opinedthat the Forum should raise voice against anydiscrepancies in environmental policies ofgovernment and requested to provide alternativesolution, with proper guidelines. He said that thereshould be a balance between development andenvironment. The percentage of urban populationhas increased from 3 % to 30 %. Due to pollutionand depletion in Ozone Layer, he said, people aresuffering from various diseases.

He felt that the presence of lead as ingredientin children’s food is decreasing their IQ levels andthere is a need of scientific technology to be used

ENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRENVIRONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAONMENT DAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRAY CELEBRATIONTIONTIONTIONTION&&&&&

FORFORFORFORFORUM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15UM’S 15ththththth ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSAR ANNIVERSARYYYYY

for environment protection and urged forsustainable development.

Tadakamalla Vivek recommended theTelangana Government to focus on managementand protection of natural resources. He pleaded forproper utilization of natural resources for futuregenerations, without harming the environment. Inthis context, he applauded the Forum for itsrelentless services and social achievements.

He said that constructing smart cities definitelyfacilitate many comforts for people, but one shouldnot neglect basic amenities and existence of the city.He felt that urban development should also focuson rural development. He requested the governmentto limit the permissions for industries around thecity. He appreciated the Mission Kakatiya of currentgovernment for preserving and protecting localwater bodies across the region.

He said that many slum dwellings in the cityare the result of unemployment andunderdevelopment in rural areas. Hence, he said,there should be grass root level development.

Prof Purushottam Reddy requested the Forumto bring environmental awareness among citizens.Today, he said, some first grade countries have morecorporate budget than that of other nations andthere is an imbalance between first world countries,post debacle of Russia.

He expressed concern over undesirableconditions of people living in low lying areas of MusiRiver and urged to raise this issue during elections.He criticized leaders who have been to Singapore fornot studying the roots of development of Singapore.Instead, he said, they are giving importance to hugecorporate buildings for development.

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IICT Chief Scientist, Dr K Babu Rao said thatpublic agitations would help in protecting theenvironment and Forum should lead suchmovements. He expressed that prevention is mostneed of the hour instead of protection. He ridiculedthe corporate responsibility activities of severalcorporate offices and governments in the name ofenvironmental protection. He said that the cultureof distribution is increasing environmental threatsand warned that new technologies might havediversified results. Hence, he urged forimplementation of democracy even in science.

M Vedakumar, Convener for FBH, expressedthat development of Hyderabad is the not thesolution for true development and there is a needfor improvement of counter magnets. In the past,Hyderabad was abundant with beautiful lakes andgardens. Today, there is no existence of them.

He said that FBH was in frontline in protestingagainst uprooting many trees in the city and said

that the Forum was successful in tree translocationto safer places. He clarified that the Forum has beenopposing government stand on many environmentalissues and it even approached law for the same. Hesaid that this forced the governments in changingtheir thoughts on many critical issues of the city.

He said that FBH was formed with thecooperation and support of several likemindedpeople and it has been working in the areas ofenvironment, urban life and development.

There was a Question and Answer Session inthe programme.

Several eminent environmentalists, socialactivists and representatives of public organizationshave participated in the event.

The programme came to an end withdistribution of saplings to the dignitaries by seniormembers of Forum and with vote of thanksproposed by Smt.Sanghamitra Malik, JointSecretary, FBH. F

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Padmasri Awardee, Eminent Artist Sri.K.Laxma GoudChief Guest is speaking at the programme

Dr.Rakesh K Misra,Director, CCMB speaking at the function

Sri.K.S.Murthy, Advocate, FBH handing over curry leaf plant to the Guest Audience at FBH 16th Anniversary

GGGGGlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses from Fom Fom Fom Fom Forororororumumumumum’’’’’s 16th Annivs 16th Annivs 16th Annivs 16th Annivs 16th Anniversarersarersarersarersary (5.6.2016)y (5.6.2016)y (5.6.2016)y (5.6.2016)y (5.6.2016)

Release of Sourvenir

Prof. V. Srinivasa Chary, Director,Centre for Energy, Environment, UrbanGovernance and Infrastructure Development,ASCI speaking at the function

Sri.M.Vedakumar, President, FBH is speaking on the occasion

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GGGGGlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses from Fom Fom Fom Fom Forororororumumumumum’’’’’s 15th Annivs 15th Annivs 15th Annivs 15th Annivs 15th Anniversarersarersarersarersary (5.6.2015)y (5.6.2015)y (5.6.2015)y (5.6.2015)y (5.6.2015)

T. Vivek speaking on the occasion K.purushotham reddy speaking copy

Distribution Of Curry Leaf Plant audience at FBH 15th Anniversary

dr.k.babu rao speaking on the occasion copy Dr.Ch.Mohan Rao speaking on the occasion

Release of Sourvenir Sri.M.Vedakumar speaking on the occasion ofForum's 15th Anniversary

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Sri. M. Vedakumar, President, Forum For a Better Hyderabadspeaking on the occasion

Smt. R. Bharati Surya Devi, Heritage Activist, INTACH HyderabadChapter, speaking on the occasion

Mr. M.H. Rao, Vice President, FBH handing over curry leaf plant to guests Audience at the function

GGGGGlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses frlimpses from Fom Fom Fom Fom Forororororumumumumum’’’’’s 14th Annivs 14th Annivs 14th Annivs 14th Annivs 14th Anniversarersarersarersarersary (5.6.2014)y (5.6.2014)y (5.6.2014)y (5.6.2014)y (5.6.2014)

Release of Annual Number

Maj Gen R.C. Padhi, Additional Surveyor General, Survey of India,Indian Institute of Surveying & Mapping, speaking on the occassion

Sri. A.V.Bhide, Senior Urban Planning Consultant, HyderabadMetropolitan Development Authority addressing the gathering

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1.W1.W1.W1.W1.W.P.P.P.P.P.NO.6725/2009.NO.6725/2009.NO.6725/2009.NO.6725/2009.NO.6725/2009The above writ petition was filed by Forum

For A Better Hyderabad, challenging the action ofthe state government in diverting an extent ofAc.4067 forest land situated in Imarath Kanchavillage, Maheshwaram Mandal, Ranga ReddyDistrict and further an extent of Ac. 2400-36 guntassituated in Mamidipally village, Saroornagar MandalRanga Reddy District to non-forest purposeswithout obtaining the prior permission of theCentral Government under the provisions of Forest(Conservation) Act1980 as arbitrary and illegal.Court ordered notice to be issued to. the governmentand forest department The same is pending foradjudication.

2. C.C.476/20082. C.C.476/20082. C.C.476/20082. C.C.476/20082. C.C.476/2008The above Contempt case was filed by

Mr.O.M. Debara, against Principal Secretary,Revenue in allotting 275 acres of land at RangaReddy District to the Housing Societies of MLAs,MPs, Hon’ble High Court Judges, All India ServiceOfficers and Journalists contrary to the judgmentof the Hon’ble High Court in W.P.NO.13730 of2006. Notice was ordered to the Revenue Secretaryand the same is pending.

3. 3. 3. 3. 3. WWWWW.P.P.P.P.P.N.N.N.N.Nooooo. 18483/2008. 18483/2008. 18483/2008. 18483/2008. 18483/2008The writ petition was filed challenging the

notification of the MOEF which denies the rightof citizens to participate in public hearings whenthe METRO Rail Project was taken up. FormerSecretary Ramachandriah and present Secretary OM Debara filed this writ petition. Even before thecase was taken up for hearing, the alignment was

SSSSStatus Otatus Otatus Otatus Otatus Of Courf Courf Courf Courf Court Cases As on 30-4-2016t Cases As on 30-4-2016t Cases As on 30-4-2016t Cases As on 30-4-2016t Cases As on 30-4-2016

changed to avoid Hussain Sagar, water body. Therewas an order that all further actions are subject tofurther orders in the main case. The case is listedfor hearing after the court vacation along with casesfiled by Sri Tarakam and Ameerpet residents.

4. 4. 4. 4. 4. WP NWP NWP NWP NWP Nooooo.18896/2007.18896/2007.18896/2007.18896/2007.18896/2007When the State Government sought to amend

the GO 111, Forum filed this case. The interimorder not to issue final notification deleting someareas from G.O.111 is still in operation.

5. 5. 5. 5. 5. WP NWP NWP NWP NWP Nooooo. 24623 of 2009. 24623 of 2009. 24623 of 2009. 24623 of 2009. 24623 of 2009In the name of Golf course the Golconda Fortis

being ravaged. Forum along with PUCAAR filedthis case. Interim order was passed restraining theofficers from taking up any construction activity andany other works which will change original contour.The HGA wanted the stay to be vacated for whichthe court refused. The grassing of the area waspermitted without changing the contour. The finalMOU between the ASI and the state government isalso challenged by way of miscellaneous petition.The main case is awaiting final adjudication.

6. 6. 6. 6. 6. WWWWW.P.P.P.P.P. N. N. N. N. Nooooo. 29300 of 2012. 29300 of 2012. 29300 of 2012. 29300 of 2012. 29300 of 2012The above writ petition was filed seeking courts

intervention in demarcation of Qutb Shahi Baghin the Naya Quila. Based on undertaking given thatno work would be undertaken until the demarcationis done by the ASI the case was disposed of. TheForum has now filed a contempt petition for nondemarcation of Qutab Shahi Bagh.

O M DO M DO M DO M DO M Debaraebaraebaraebaraebara

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7. CC case no 1820 of 20127. CC case no 1820 of 20127. CC case no 1820 of 20127. CC case no 1820 of 20127. CC case no 1820 of 2012A contempt petition was filed by the Forum

for violating various orders of the A.P. High Court,the provisions of the AM & ASR Act against ASI,YAT & C, GOAP, Hyderabad District Collector,the HGA. The case came up for hearing andcounter-affidavits have since been filed by YAT& C

(GOAP) and Hyderabad District Collector, butnot yet by ASI. The case has not come for furtherhearing. The Bench has to be constituted.

8. N8. N8. N8. N8. Naya Qaya Qaya Qaya Qaya Quila uila uila uila uila TTTTTalab/ Langar Halab/ Langar Halab/ Langar Halab/ Langar Halab/ Langar House ouse ouse ouse ouse TTTTTalab:alab:alab:alab:alab:A case has been filed with AP High Court in

March 2013 alleging mala-fide and/or colourableexercise of power for reducing the extent of the FTLwater spread of Naya Quila Talab / Langar HouseTalab ostensibly to favor persons with vested interestsin the surrounding lands; that there have beenimpermissible activities in the catchment areas ofthe Talab affecting the water inflows and due to theseunregulated activities the water spread has beenshrinking and that no action had been taken by theGovt.

9. 9. 9. 9. 9. WWWWW.P N.P N.P N.P N.P Nooooo.22765 of 2009.22765 of 2009.22765 of 2009.22765 of 2009.22765 of 2009The above writ petition is filed challenging

allotment of Ac.1.20 guntas open space in financialdistrict layout at Madhapur by APIIC for theconstruction of multi-storied building. The case isadmitted and interim order of status quo is granted.The case is pending for disposal.

10. 10. 10. 10. 10. WWWWW.P N.P N.P N.P N.P Nooooo.29207 of 2009.29207 of 2009.29207 of 2009.29207 of 2009.29207 of 2009The above writ petition is filed challenging

allotment of Ac. 20.00 guntas land to Mr. SubashGhai company opposite to Taramati Baradari atGolkonda without calling for applications ortenders. The above case was admitted and interimorder of suspension of allotment of land was granted.The case is pending for disposal.

11. 11. 11. 11. 11. WP NWP NWP NWP NWP Nooooo. 8167 of 2010. 8167 of 2010. 8167 of 2010. 8167 of 2010. 8167 of 2010Fateh Darwaza is part of Golconda Fort to be

protected by ASI. Aurangzeb passed through thisgate after his victory. A new building was built within10 yards of the Fateh Darwaza. Further constructingactivity and usage for commercial activity are stayed.Notices have been issued to the authorities. Theofficers have been issuing notices but have not actedto demolish or stop the usage. The final hearing isawaited.

12. 12. 12. 12. 12. WP NWP NWP NWP NWP Nooooo. 1636 of 2010. 1636 of 2010. 1636 of 2010. 1636 of 2010. 1636 of 2010The above writ petition filed in public interest

challenging the action of the Government inalienating government land to an extent of Ac.55.00in Sy, No. 31, Neknampura village, RajendranagarMandal, Hyderabad district vid G.O.Ms. No. 509,Revenue (ASN.V) Department, dated 14.06.2010and an extent of Ac.100.00 in Sy, No.923 to 926/p,935, 946, 952 and 957 to 961/p situated atJawaharnagar village Shamirpet Mandal, R.R.District vid G.O.Ms. No.509, Revenue (ASN.V)Department, dated 14.06.2010, in favour of TheA.P. Secretariat Employees Mutual Aided Coop.Housing Society Ltd., as arbitrary, illegal, offendingArticle 14 of the Constitution, and contrary to theorders passed by this Hon’ble Court inW.P.No.13730/2006, dated 8.10.2007 and W.P.No.7956, 7997/2008 dated 5.1.2010 etc. The Hon’bleCourt admitted the case and granted status quoorders. The writ petition is pending for disposal.

13.P13.P13.P13.P13.PIL NIL NIL NIL NIL Nooooo.70 of 2012.70 of 2012.70 of 2012.70 of 2012.70 of 2012The above PIL was filed by Mr. Debara seeking

court intervention and monitoring the ACBinvestigation into Liquor syndicates. Directionssought from the court on making ACB anindependent organization with freedom in financialmatters etc and further directions also sought onreview of more than 450 cases of corruption in whichthe Government rejected prosecution proposal ofthe ACB. The court started monitoring the

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investigation and several status reports weresubmitted to the court. The ACB completed theinvestigation and recommended action against 1000persons. The court also issued series of directionsincluding not to transfer the officials involved inthe investigation without Court’s permission. Thecase is disposed of giving series of directions to theGovernment and Anti Corruption Bureau tocomplete the investigation into the role of politicians

in liquor scam within three months and to takeaction accordingly. The court further directed thatno permission of the Govt is required to investigatethe crimes against the public representatives and togive permission to prosecute the public servantswithin three months.

14. P14. P14. P14. P14. PIL 282 of 2012IL 282 of 2012IL 282 of 2012IL 282 of 2012IL 282 of 2012Was filed complaining that in the name of

Metro Rail, the heritage structures are beingdestroyed. The Division Bench of AP High Courtdirected the Metro Rail authorities and the Govt.to look into the matter and take final decisionespecially in view of opinion of the HeritageConservation Committee. The order is dt.13-8-2012. The Alignment was changed after our case,as can be seen near the Assembly.

15. P15. P15. P15. P15. PIL NIL NIL NIL NIL No 507 of 2013o 507 of 2013o 507 of 2013o 507 of 2013o 507 of 2013Was filed by P Srinivas complaining against the

cutting of trees near Golf course at Golkonda fort.The bench allowed the case directing planting of10 times the saplings for the trees cut. The Forestdepartment was asked to collect Rupees two andhalf lakhs from ASI.

The bench observed: “We think that the ForestDepartment is under an obligation under the Statutenot only to recover the fine amount but also to seethat the trees which have been felled must come upafresh. Accordingly, we pass an order that in theevent the fine amount is not recovered, it shall berecovered in accordance with law from the partyconcerned within a period of six weeks from thedate of communication of this order.

As the order was not implemented a contemptcase is filed for implementation of the orders.

In the mean while the ASI approached thecourt filed a WP and obtained stay of paying thefine amount. Srinivas impleaded in the case to bringthe facts before the court.

16. P16. P16. P16. P16. PIL NIL NIL NIL NIL Nooooo. 335 of 2015. 335 of 2015. 335 of 2015. 335 of 2015. 335 of 2015When the Government started to break down

the IAS Officers association building which was aListed Heritage building the Forum filed the abovePIL The court gave oral orders to maintain statusquo but over the weekend the building was raisedto the ground.

17. P17. P17. P17. P17. PIL NIL NIL NIL NIL Nooooo.195 of 2015.195 of 2015.195 of 2015.195 of 2015.195 of 2015When the Government issued orders for

construction of Kala Bharati at NTR Stadium theForum filed the above PIL. The court granted statusquo orders. The writ petition is pending for disposal.18, Hussain Sagar De-watering Case: SOUL took aleading part in this activity and filed cases in theGreen Tribunal, High Court and the SupremeCourt. The Forum members provided technicalinputs and documents for the cases. F

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LET US CELEBRATE GANESH CHATURTHI IN ANECOFRIENDLY MANNER

LET US NOT DENIGRATE HIS CREATION~Let us protect Lakes and the environment~

Lord Ganesha, the remover of all obstacles would be pleased if heis painted with natural dyes, which a person can carry with loveand devotion for the immersion ceremony. Let us also try to reducethe size of the idols to a more reasonable height.

AP High Court Order-2001The Hon’ble AP High Court in its order dated 15-6-2001 in W.P.no. 21495 of 1998 and others have made the followingobservations:

The State and other Statutory Authorities have not actedupon the report of the one man Commission headed byHon’ble Sri Justice M.Krishna Rao, constituted in 1985-namely “hence a notification should be issued by theGovernment that no idol should be prepared, which ismore than 3 feet in height.”

It is unfortunate that the state has failed to act even interms of the various committees set up.

The lakes in and around the twin cities and Hussain sagarin particular are being polluted. The duty of the Statewould be to see that the immersion of Ganesh Idolsinstalled at several localities in the twin cities mightconveniently be immersed in other lakes”.

Referring to the guidelines given by the West BengalPollution Control Board, with regard to maintenance andcleanliness of the water in the River Ganga, directed thatthe Respondents, must follow the said guidelines and /or other stricter measures having regard to the fact thatin twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad, idols areimmersed in lakes and not rivers like the Ganga.

G.O. Rt. No. 233 of 27-7-2001 of E.F.S.& T.Considering various aspects and based on the recommendationsof the Cabinet Sub-Committee, constituted to resolve the issuesrelating to the decentralization of immersion of Ganesh idols inthe tanks other than Hussain Sagar, the above G.O. was issued byerstwhile Goverrnment, the salient features of which are givenbelow:

Only vegetable-based natural colours must be used onGanesh Idols, instead of metallic colours to preventpollution.

All Ganesh idols shall preferably be made of clay.Reduce the size of the idols.

Shall persuade the local associations and Samithis to immerse theidols in local lakes other than Hussain Sagar.

Slow action by authorities even after Fifteen yearsAlthough it is heartening to know that the Collector of Hyderabad,the Pollution Control Board, Forum For A Better Hyderabad andthe Ganesh Utsav Committee have been successful to some extentin persuading the idol makers to use eco-friendly vegetable dyesfor painting their idols, much more needs to be done.

The authorities need to take drastic steps to reduce the noisepollution caused by the playing of music in high volume, causinginconvenience especially to the old, the sick and the infants. Strictinstructions should be given to maintain low volumes. Under theNoise (Pollution & Control) Rules, 2000, a person may complainto the relevant authority, if the noise level exceeds more than 10dB than the permissible ambient limits (Permissible Ambient AirQuality standards prescribes a daytime 55 dB and night time 45dBsound levels in residential areas). The relevant authorities shouldtake appropriate action.

The water bodies in and around Hyderabad, including HussainSagar and also Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar are beingencroached and contaminated having serious adverse ecologicalimpacts, in violation of provisions of erstwhile Government’s Water& Environment (Protection) Acts, & directives of AP High Courtin matters of public indifference and insensitivity. Under the APWater Land And Tree Act (WALTA), 2002, Chapter 4 point 23 pt4 “no undesirable wastes including liquid wastes shall be allowedto be dumped in the water bodies by any person or organization”

Instead of protecting the lakes and removing the encroachments,amendments to GO111 are being brought about which willdangerously damage the valuable sources of drinking water.

Let us act now and persuade the reduction in number andin the size of the Idols.Let us promote the use of eco-friendly natural colours.Let us promote the immersion of Idols in local lakes insteadof immersion of such a large number in Hussain Sagar andcompletely stop immersion in Osman Sagar and HimayatSagar, and protest against any amendments to GO111.

Let us wake up. More than one and half decade passedwithout much action !!!

Contact: Shobha Singh, Convenor, Ganesh Immersion Sub Committee, Mobile: 9030626288

FORUM FOR A BETTER HYDERABAD,“CHANDRAM” DECCAN ACADEMY, St.No.12, Himayatnagar, Hyderabad-500029

E-mail: betterhyd@yahoo.co.in Website: www.hyderabadgreens.org

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Ganapati Bappa, Morya!

- by Sanghamitra Malik

Ganapati Bappa! But, who’s that?The Elephant God, who’s somewhat fat!But, he is not tall, you see,Of medium height, just let him be.

One thing, we kids, want to say,We kind of want to have our way,Let’s make only loamy idols this year,And help to keep our lakes clean and clear.

The chemical paints, we’ll use no more,It’s vegetable colours that we’ll explore,Vinayaka comes to bless us all,We worship him and he loves us all.

All our lakes have shrunk in size,Making less idols will be wise,Let us celebrate, but not at Nature’s cost,If Nature is polluted, then all is lost!

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