2015 surrounding heritage and embedding them in designs with skillful manipulation of space,...

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1 2015 Trimester 2 ARCI 412 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN RESEARCH GENERAL Trimester 2; 30 points ASSESSMENT 100% internal by assignment Note: Any hand-in dates scheduled in the exam period are tentative until the official exam timetable is available. CLASS TIMES AND LOCATIONS LECTURES: Thursday 9:30 10:20 Room: VS LT2 (when notified) STUDIO: Monday/Thursday 10:30 13:20 Room: VS 206 REVIEW/ FINAL ASSESSMENT: held in the end of Trimester Two examination period 23 October 14 November COORDINATOR Coordinator Project Leaders Name: Simon Twose Courtenay Project: Room: VS 307 Simon Twose, Victoria Willocks, Phil Mark Phone: 463 6169 Digital Design Projects Office Hours: Thursday 3pm-4pm Marc Aurel Schnabel, Derek Kawiti, Valentina Soana Email: [email protected]

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1

2015

Trimester 2

ARCI 412

ARCHITECTURE DESIGN RESEARCH

GENERAL

Trimester 2; 30 points

ASSESSMENT

100% internal by assignment Note: Any hand-in dates scheduled in the exam period are tentative until the official exam timetable is available.

CLASS TIMES AND LOCATIONS

LECTURES: Thursday 9:30 – 10:20 Room: VS LT2 (when notified)

STUDIO: Monday/Thursday 10:30 – 13:20 Room: VS 206

REVIEW/ FINAL ASSESSMENT: held in the end of Trimester Two examination period 23 October – 14

November

COORDINATOR Coordinator Project Leaders

Name: Simon Twose Courtenay Project:

Room: VS 307 Simon Twose, Victoria Willocks, Phil Mark

Phone: 463 6169 Digital Design Projects

Office Hours: Thursday 3pm-4pm Marc Aurel Schnabel, Derek Kawiti, Valentina Soana

Email: [email protected]

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Workshop leader/ roving tutor Tutors – Digital Design/ Software

Anastasia Globa Sky Lo (from 1 August), Serdar Aydin

For Tutor details please visit the course blog via: blackboard.vuw.ac.nz

COMMUNICATION OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Any changes or additions to this Course Outline will be discussed and agreed with the class, and conveyed via

email or through the course blog on the School of Design Teaching and Learning website: blackboard.vuw.ac.nz

PRESCRIPTION

ARCI 412 is a Studio-based capstone project in which students demonstrate through applied design, knowledge

gained in the integrated technologies course. Emphasis is placed on developing environmental and technological

factors and their relationship with critical thinking and design decision making.

COURSE CONTENT

In this course students design architectural projects that are at master’s level in terms of design research and

technical competency. ARCI 412 Architectural Design is integrated with ARCI 421 Architectural Technologies to assist

in the development of environmental and technological aspects of the design. This course enables students to design

in a practice research mode, where real world constraints enrich architectural design research.

Students are directed towards two research projects, with the cohort divided equally between:

1. Courtney Place Project 2. Digital Design Projects

1. COURTENAY PLACE PROJECT The Courtenay Place Project presents students with an exciting opportunity to engage with a real architectural issue in a real urban context. In the Courtenay Place Project students learn and test principles of architectural heritage and conservation through a project sited in Courtenay Place, spanning from Blair to Manners Street. The Courtenay Place Project builds on the success of the earlier Cuba Street Studio and the Christchurch Studio summer school. It tests and re-imagines architectural heritage as a spectrum, ranging from positions of anti- heritage to hyper-heritage. Students address particular characteristics of heritage from points in this spectrum, intensifying arguments surrounding heritage and embedding them in designs with skillful manipulation of space, surface, form, materiality, scale and programme. A highly resolved yet experimental group of buildings is the expected outcome. All the work produced in this studio is to be exhibition quality, and a public exhibition will follow the final presentation. Investigating heritage as a spectrum allows for ideas within heritage to be tested until they break. Designing at the extreme ends of the spectrum will be provocative and provides useful leverage to shift preconceptions about heritage. Likewise designing in the middle of the spectrum calls for delicate and sensitive architecture. Students will be given parts of the spectrum to investigate and sites to test a number of questions, such things as: how can heritage be collapsed into a 1mm thick, immaterial surface? How can heritage exist at micro time scales? How can it be materially immutable? New understandings of the forms, details, patterns, programmatics and materials that constitute heritage architecture will be the collective results of your research. At the culmination of the project, student work will be exhibited in a public venue, to encourage debate on the architecture of heritage in New Zealand. This studio is led by Simon Twose, Victoria Willocks and Phil Mark. The three project groups will work together to provide design research for the wider project but each group will be directed according to the group leaders design method. Students are encouraged to design through various media and methods, including architectural computing. This project lends itself to digital investigations of heritage and crossover between the Courtenay Project and the Digital Design Project is encouraged. Digital software workshops will be available to all students.

A detailed brief is issued separately. 2. DIGITAL DESIGN PROJECTS There are three Digital Design Projects led by Derek Kawiti, Valentina Soana and Marc Aurel Schnabel. The three projects have roots in the emerging and computable patterns of cities and cultures. Digital instruments aid the

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evolution of these patterns and allow the designer to lead architectural design towards a multi-dimensional and nodal integration of material, form, function, space, genius loci, context and culture. The Digital Design Projects explore urban and architectural design that support an active usage, whereby the added value is through the exploration of the architectural computing. In these studios, you are to develop an urban & architectural design in which your definition of architecture has the potential to affect the wider architectural landscape in profound ways. New architectural topologies will emerge that engage with context, form, function, material and an understanding of innovative architecture and lifestyle. You should thus allow new influences of computational and architectural appreciation to be absorbed. Your design should have concrete effects on its users and its built environment. At the end of this studio, you present both a philosophy and a specific architectural language, in addition to a design solution that will catalyse urban and architectural advancement. Brief description of Project Groups: Marc Aurel Schnabel

Urban Digitalic: The Concept of Waste … Metabolism of the City will review our understanding of urban metabolism as a concept and suggests directions in which this concept can be extended in its application in architectural designs, in search to develop models for emerging and computable patterns of architectures within a specific cultural context.

Derek Kawiti

Pluraform: Material Complexities - Cultural Digitality investigates the alignment between analogue materials research and generative 3d modelling as a way of understanding how complex structure, pattern, organization, formal gesture and performance might emerge through either natural or artificial 'computational' design processes. This research is focused toward a speculative proposal for a new Victoria University Maori Studies Building & Cultural Precinct.

Valentina Soana Adaptive Ecologies. Urban Parasite. Through an experimental digital approach this studio will focus on the concept of ‘architectural parasite’ as a benign corruption of an existing inner city urban milieu. The parasite will embody emergent responses in relation to the predefined limitations of ‘in/on or appended to’ a selected building/site. Biological paradigms and methods will be explored through an extensive use of digital tools. Students will negotiate an appropriate typology that reflects their critical engagement with the site.

Details of the three Digital Design Projects are issued separately. Placement of students in project groups

Students will be introduced to the projects, and each project leader will present their working method. Students will select three preferences for a project group. The cohort numbers will be equilibrated between all six project groups. Software Skills assessment:

There is a software skills assessment exercise at the beginning of the course. This is to assist in the placement and support of students’ software skill acquisition.

MANDATORY COURSE REQUIREMENTS

MCRs are requirements, in addition to achieving a pass grade, that students must meet in order to pass a

course. There are no mandatory course requirements for this course. See the ‘Assessment’ section, below.

COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Students who pass this course should be able to:

1: Develop, research and apply theory and technology to a design problem.

2: Comprehensively resolve a design and represent a building project at multiple scales

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GRADUATE SKILLS

Graduate Skills

Tau

gh

t

Pra

cti

sed

Assessed

Knowledge

Information literacy

Creative and Critical Thinking

Problem solving

Critical evaluation

Work autonomously

Creativity and innovation

Communication

Effective communication (written)

Effective communication (oral)

Effective communication (graphic)

Work effectively in a team setting

Leadership

Ethical behaviour in social / professional / work environments

Responsible, effective citizenship

Commitment to responsibilities under the Treaty of Waitangi

TEACHING FORMAT

Studio Teaching:

Teaching is through tutorial presentations and critical review, group tutorial discussions and tutorial exercises.

Tutorials involve 3 hours of self-directed and tutorial directed study. The expectation is that tutorials involve

presentation and critique of work in small groups of three or more, rather than one on one tutorials. Learning from

one another as a group is far more effective than as a sole individual. Participation in the studio tutorials is vital to

learning and students will be expected to contribute to each tutorial with work i.e. drawings, models and visual

material, as well as the usual comments and criticism. Part of the assessment of each assignment will be based on

students’ contribution to studio leading to design development.

Lectures:

Lectures will be notified ahead of time.

You will receive notification via blackboard confirming if a lecture is to be held on Monday. You will also receive

notification if the Monday lecture is not being held. If there is no lecture, proceed to studio tutorials at the normal time

(10:30AM).

Blackboard:

Blackboard is used to communicate notices to students via announcements and messages. Students are encouraged

to use this resource, to post interesting items they discover during their design research, for instance, for the benefit of

the whole group.

Workshops:

There are workshops for teaching digital software: Grasshopper, Revit and Fuzor. Rhino is considered the default

modelling tool and will be an assumed skill set. Students wanting to learn Rhino should do so via Lynda.com. The

workshops are run in parallel to studio classes and are open to all ARCI 412 students.

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Self-directed acquisition of software is an ongoing necessity for students. Some support is provided but students need

to be proactive in learning relevant software throughout their studies.

Workshop 1: GRASSHOPPER BOOTCAMP

GRASSHOPPER BOOTCAMP supports students in the realisation and development of their design concepts.

Workshop 2: BIM BOOTCAMP: Revit

BIM BOOTCAMP fast-tracks users into understanding the general project delivery/ documentation workflows ready to

transition into ARCI 421

Workshop 3: FUZOR BOOTCAMP

FUZOR BOOTCAMP supports students in the visualisation analysis and optimisation of their projects.

Students will not be assessed or graded on the workshops.

WORKLOAD

You should expect to spend around 300 hours on this course, involving 96 hours, plus 204 hours of self-directed

independent study. Typically this involves around 20 hours per week during the 12 teaching weeks, with the balance

during the mid-trimester break, study week, and examination period.

Please check out the link below with information on Studio Courses:

www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students#studioculturepolicy

Students with course timetable clashes are responsible for discussing these with their Course Coordinators. Students

who then choose to remain enrolled in such courses must recognise that it is their sole responsibility to seek

information from peers, Blackboard and other sources, and catch up on course material they may miss because of

clashes.

If extraordinary circumstances arise that require you to be absent from some class sessions, you should discuss

the situation with the Course Coordinator as soon as possible.

ASSESSMENT

ARCI 412 is internally assessed. Each project group/ stream has the same assessment criteria and weighting.

There will be three hand-in milestones and one exhibition, as below. Milestone 1. assessment will be returned

with that of milestone 2.

Assessment items and weighting per item Due % CLO(s)

1 Analysis/ Context Research 9AM 23 July 5% 1

2 Concept Design 9PM 20 August 40% 1,2

3 Detailed Design 9PM 29 October 50% 1,2

4 Exhibition 9PM 29 October 5% 1,2

FEEDBACK:

Apart from the grades given in the progressive assessments, feedback will be provided in the form of verbal

comments and critique during studio classes and juries. In architectural education and practice the fundamental

vehicle for receiving feedback or critique is verbal. You are expected to listen carefully and dispassionately to

what is said and respond accordingly. It is therefore important that you develop your own facility for recording

what is said - often this means enlisting a fellow student to take notes of what is said during your presentation and

then doing the same for your peer in return.

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ASSESSMENT

The major design project of the semester demands sometimes unconventional approaches to the finding of

solutions to problems, of strategies for design, of the bringing together of diverse materials into an organised

whole. The project encourages different ways of thinking about the making of architecture. The subject has been

structured to contain a diversity of experiences leading to an understanding of some major themes encountered in

the practice of architecture. Assessment will be based on the qualities of: creativity and innovation, academic

rigour, technical resolution and presentation.

BRIEF OVERVIEW OF MILESTONES:

Below is a brief description of what is involved in each milestone. Within this, each project group will have detailed

requirements specific to their methodology and research focus. The workload and assessment will be equivalent

across all project groups.

MILESTONE 1: ANALYSIS/ CONTEXT RESEARCH Due: Thursday 23 July, 9PM, R Drive

This phase involves researching the literary, physical and architectural/ visual contexts that inform design. This

includes such things as:

Theoretical, conceptual, cultural contexts

Site analysis/ constraints, building data, social, programmatic contexts

Architectural typologies and case studies, Art practice case studies, material studies, design methodology

case studies.

This is a short and intensive exercise that creates the grounds for a sophisticated design process. Students are

given tasks specific to their project group. The results of students’ intensive collection and analysis are available

for use by the cohort and elements of it will form part of the public exhibition at the end of the project. The work

thus needs to be of exhibition quality.

Assessment criteria:

For the ANALYSIS/ CONTEXT RESEARCH milestone students will be given formative feedback after presenting

their work in a review. There will be no written feedback. Milestone 1. assessment will be returned with that of

milestone 2.

The final grade will be determined using the following criteria:

Relevance: 15%

Content: 55%

Analysis: 20%

Contribution to studio: 10%.

MILESTONE 2: CONCEPT DESIGN Due: Thursday 20 August, 9PM, R Drive

In this Phase the fundamentals of the design are determined. This includes such things as:

Formal strategy, tectonics, materiality, site, programmatics,

Design method/ representational method

Conceptual basis.

The CONCEPT DESIGN phase acts as the ‘design freeze’ for ARCI 421. Immediately after this phase you will be

developing your concept design in ARCI 421 in terms of structure and environmental performance. The results of that

technological integration are then bound in to the next phase of design: DETAILED DESIGN

Assessment criteria:

You have to present a high degree of visual, spatial and theoretical quality within your design. Project group leaders and all tutors will assess you.

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The final grade will be determined using the following criteria:

Content: 15%

Architectonical quality: 55%

Technical mastery: 20%

Contribution to studio: 10%

MILESTONE 3: DETAILED DESIGN Due: Thursday 29 October, 9PM, R Drive

This Phase involves the detailed design of an architectural proposition, integrating technology to a professional

standard.

Assessment criteria:

The final grade will be determined using the following criteria:

Content: 15%

Architectonical quality: 55%

Technical mastery: 20%

Contribution to studio: 10%.

EXHIBITION: CURATION AND RESENTATION OF DESIGN RESEARCH Due: Thursday 29 October,

9PM, venue TBC

This involves the curation of your design research throughout this course and culminates in a public exhibition/

presentation.

Assessment criteria:

The final grade will be determined using the following criteria:

Content: 15%

Curation of design research: 55%

Exhibition quality: 20%

Contribution to exhibition: 10%.

All work submitted for this course must be original and developed for this course only, unless prior approval is gained from the course coordinator to further develop existing work from previous or concurrent courses.

The School has a long tradition of providing critical review of student work as it progresses especially in design

projects. For further information please refer to the Website below:

http://www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students/faqs

All grades posted during this course are only provisional results until entered on your student record in Banner

SUBMISSION AND RETURN OF WORK

Each student is responsible for ensuring their work is submitted to their Course Tutor or Course Coordinator on

time and in the required format.

Work submitted late must be submitted to the Course Coordinator. Late submissions will be penalised as set out

below, unless an extension is approved by the Course Coordinator.

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EXTENSIONS

In the event of illness or other extraordinary circumstances that prevent you from submitting and/or presenting a

piece of work on time, or that you feel adversely affect the quality of the work you submit, it is important that you

discuss your circumstances with the Course Coordinator as soon as possible so that appropriate arrangements

may be made. You should complete an Application for Extension form (available from the Faculty Office) for the

Course Coordinator to approve. You will also need to provide suitable evidence of your illness or other

circumstances. In an emergency, or if you are unable to contact the Course Coordinator, you should advise the

Faculty Office of your situation.

PENALTIES

If no extension has been approved, the following penalties will be applied:

Failure to personally present work at any scheduled graded review will result in an automatic failing grade of E (maximum mark of 39%) for the work being reviewed;

Work submitted late will receive a failing grade of E (maximum mark of 39%);

Any work not submitted within 5 working days of the due date will be recorded as a non-submission (0%).

REQUIRED MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

Students will need to provide all materials and equipment as necessary for the completion of required work.

Please check the website link below for the standard requirements:

www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students/faqs#materialsandequipment

SET TEXTS

NONE

RECOMMENDED READING

Issued separately in project groups. Some digital support reading is as below: AD Journals 2009-2015 http://area.autodesk.com/ Autodesk 3D Modelling/Animation Community http://students.autodesk.com/ Student Community Site http://wiki.mcneel.com/rhino/home wiki, Rhino, Grasshopper http://www.grasshopper3d.com/ Grasshopper plugin for Rhino 3D

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SCHEDULE OF SESSIONS Week

month

day

date

item

location

time

Comments Week 29 July

M 13 INTRODUCTION Studio

VS LT1 (NOTE) VS 206

8:30-9:20 (NOTE) 10:30-13:20

Trimester 2 begins Introduction/ sign up for project groups/ software survey

TU 14

W 15

TH 16 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20 Meet in project groups

F 17 Week 30 July

M 20 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

TU 21

W 22

TH 23 ANALYSIS/ CONTEXT REVIEW VS 206 10:30-13:20 MILESTONE 1. ANALYSIS/CONTEXT

F 24 Withdrawal refund This is the last date you can withdraw from a Tri 2 course with a full refund.

Week 31 July

M 27 Studio VS206 9:30-13:20 WORKSHOP 1.

TU 28

W 29

TH 30 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 31

Week 32 August

M 3 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

TU 4

W 5

TH 6 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 7

Week 33 August

M 10 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20 WORKSHOP 2.

TU 11

W 12

TH 13 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 14

Week 34 August

M 17 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

TU 18

W 19

TH 20 CONCEPT DESIGN REVIEW VS 206 10:30-13:20 MILESTONE 2 HAND IN 9PM R DRIVE. DESIGN FREEZE FOR ARCI421

F 21

Week 35 August

M 24 Mid-trimester break

TU 25

W 26

TH 27

F 28 Week 36 August/ September

M 31

TU 1

W 2

TH 3

F 4 Mid-trimester break ends

Week 37 September

M 7 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20 WORKSHOP 3.

TU 8 W 9

TH 10 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 11

Week 38 September

M 14 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

TU 15

10

W 16 TH 17 Lecture (when notified)

Studio VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 18

Week 39 September

M 21

TU 22

W 23 TH 24

F 25 Course Withdrawal After this date the Associate Dean’s approval is required for withdrawal from Tri 2 Courses.

Week 40 September/ October

M 28 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20 TU 29

W 30

TH 1 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 2

Week 41 October

M 5 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20 TU 6

W 7

TH 8 Lecture (when notified) Studio

VSLT2 VS206

9:30 –10:20 10:30-13:20

F 9

Week 42 October

M 12 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

TU 13 W 14

TH 15 Studio VS206 10:30-13:20

F 16

Week 43 October

M 19 Study/Examination Period

TU 20

W 21

TH 22 F 23 Examination Period

Week 44 October

M 26 Labour Day – Public Holiday

TU 27

W 28

TH 29 DETAILED DESIGN REVIEW EXHIBITION VENUE TBC

MILESTONE 3 HAND-IN 9PM R DRIVE

F 30

Week 45 November

M 2

TU 3

W 4

TH 5

F 6

Week 46 November

M 9 TU 10

W 11

TH 12

F 13

S 14 Examination period ends

CLASS REPRESENTATIVES The Faculty of Architecture and Design operates a system of Class Representatives in 100-level courses, and Year

Representatives in each of the professional disciplines. Student Representatives are elected during a class session

in the first week of teaching. All Student Representatives will be listed on the STUDiO notice board in the Atrium,

and the relevant Representatives are also listed on studio notice boards. Student Representatives have a role in

liaising between staff and students to represent the interests of students to the academic staff, and also in providing

students with a communication channel to STUDiO and the Student Representation organiser.

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STUDENT FEEDBACK The Course Coordinator will discuss feedback from previous students at an appropriate time during the course.Student feedback on University courses may be found at www.cad.vuw.ac.nz/feedback/feedback_display.php.

OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION

The information above is specific to this course. There is other important information that students must familiarise themselves with, including:

Aegrotats: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#aegrotats

Academic Progress: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/academic-progress (including restrictions and non-engagement)

Dates and deadlines: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/dates

Faculty Current Students site: www.victoria.ac.nz/fad/faculty-administration/current-students

Grades: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/exams-and-assessments/grades

Resolving academic issues: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#grievances

Special passes: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/avcacademic/publications2#specialpass

Statutes and policies including the Student Conduct Statute: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about/policy

Student support: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/viclife/studentservice

Students with disabilities: www.victoria.ac.nz/st_services/disability

Student Charter: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/viclife/student-charter

Student Contract: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/admisenrol/enrol/studentcontract

Turnitin: www.cad.vuw.ac.nz/wiki/index.php/Turnitin

University structure: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/about

VUWSA: www.vuwsa.org.nz

Class Rep name and contact details:

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Work Submitted for Assessment

Declaration Form Student’s full name : Course : Assignment/project : (number and title)

Date submitted : _____________________________________________________________________ Refer to the information on Academic Integrity, Plagiarism and Copyright on the back of this form. I confirm that: I have read and understood the University’s information on academic integrity and plagiarism contained at

http: www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism and outlined below:

I have read and understood the general principles of copyright law as set out below:

This project/assignment is entirely the result of my own work except where clearly acknowledged otherwise:

Any use of material created by someone else is permitted by the copyright owner. Signed: Date:

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Academic Integrity, Plagiarism and Copyright ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

Academic integrity is important because it is the core value on which the University’s learning, teaching and research activities are based. University staff and students are expected to treat academic, intellectual or creative work that has been done by other people with respect at all times. Victoria University’s reputation for academic integrity adds value to your qualification. Academic integrity is simply about being honest when you submit your academic work for assessment

You must acknowledge any ideas and assistance you have had from other people.

You must fully reference the source of those ideas and assistance.

You must make clear which parts of the work you are submitting are based on other people’s work.

You must not lie about whose ideas you are submitting.

When using work created by others either as a basis for your own work, or as an element within your own

work, you must comply with copyright law Summarised from information on the University’s Integrity and Plagiarism website:

www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism

PLAGIARISM

The University defines plagiarism as presenting someone else’s work as if it were your own, whether you mean to or not. ‘Someone else’s work’ means anything that is not your own idea. Even if it is presented in your own style, you must acknowledge your sources fully and appropriately. This includes:

Material from books, journals or any other printed source

The work of other students or staff

Information from the internet

Software programs and other electronic material

Designs and ideas

The organisation or structuring of any such material

Find out more about plagiarism, how to avoid it and penalties, on the University’s website:

www.victoria.ac.nz/home/study/plagiarism

COPYRIGHT

Copyright law regulates the use of the work of an author, artist, designer or other creator.

Copyright applies to created work including designs, music, computer programs, artistic and literary work.

The work can be in printed, digital, audio, video or other formats.

Normally the author or creator of a work owns the copyright for their lifetime and for 50 years after their

death, (although sometimes someone other than the creator of a work owns the copyright to the work, such

as the creator’s employer, or a person who commissions the creator’s work).

You must have permission from the copyright owner to copy, alter, display, distribute or otherwise use

created work.

If the creator has applied a Creative Commons licence to a work, this permits others to use the work but only

in accordance with that licence.

Further information on copyright is available on the Victoria University website:

http://library.victoria.ac.nz/library/about/policies/copyright.html