2015 National Angus Convention, Overland Park, Kan.

11/4/15

Angus University — Mark Spire 1

Vaccines: There is a time and a place for everything!

Mark F. Spire DVM, MS DACT Technical Services Manager

Merck Animal Health Manhattan, KS

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Vaccine Use: Key Points

§  Keep records §  Read the product

label §  Understand the

products §  Understand

population dynamics

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Records: The basics

§  Who? §  Animal identification

number

§  What? §  Product name §  Serial number §  Expiration date §  Storage conditions

§  When? §  Date used §  Is a booster required?

§  Where? §  Dose §  Route of administration

§  How? §  Make it mobile for easy

transfer to the next owner 4

Example: Cattle Vaccine Label

Indications: For vaccination of healthy, non-pregnant cattle, 3 months of age or older, as an aid in prevention of disease caused by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBR), bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVD) (Type 2), & bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), & as an aid in control of disease caused by bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVD) (Type 1) & parainfluenza3 virus (Pl3). Respiratory duration of immunity (DOI) has been demonstrated to be at least one year for IBR, BVD (Type 1) & BVD (Type 2). Calves nursing immune-dams should be vaccinated when maternal antibody levels will allow active immunization. Directions &Dosage: Rehydrate freeze dried vial of Vista® 5 SQ with part of enclosed diluent using transfer needle provided (see insert for pictorial directions); shake well. Transfer rehydrated vaccine into diluent vial using transfer needle. Remove transfer needle from former diluent vial; shake well. Peel label from Vista® 5 SQ vial & place on diluent vial containing all vaccine. Inject 2.0 mL SQ. Annual revaccination is recommended. A revaccination dose can be administered at more frequent intervals based upon individual farm disease risk assessment or any time epidemic conditions exist or are reported. Consult your veterinarian. Cautions: Store refrigerated at 35°- 45°F (2°- 7°C). Do not freeze. Use immediately after reconstitution; do not save partial contents. Burn containers & all unused product. Use only in healthy cattle. Do not vaccinate within 21 days before slaughter. Do not use in pregnant cows or in calves nursing pregnant cows. If allergic reaction occurs, treat with epinephrine. Contains penicillin & streptomycin as preservatives.

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Understanding the product §  Why do you want to use it?

§  Prior disease, risk management, customer demands §  Not all products are the same

§  killed v. live, adjuvated, method of manufacturing, contents, compatibility with other products

§  Duration of protection §  Ex: IBR v. BRSV, Ex: Pinkeye vaccines

§  Side effects §  Injection site reaction, endotoxins, reproductive consequences, anaphylactic

reactions, immunosuppression, establishment of latent infections §  Speed of action

§  IN viruses §  start protection within hours

–  SQ live viruses §  start protection within days

–  SQ bacterins §  start protection within weeks

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Population Management: Age

§  Immune systems are different §  Disease challenges are different §  Goals following use are different §  Vaccine selection is different §  Every cow herd is different §  Every year is different

2015 National Angus Convention, Overland Park, Kan.

11/4/15

Angus University — Mark Spire 2

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Goals for young calf

§  Protect the critical first two months

§  Transition from passive immunity to active immunity

§  Establish a high level of protective immunity through weaning

§  Prepare for market place

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Passive Antibody Decay Terminal Titers

Rota Virus < 6 Weeks Clostridial 8 Weeks Leptospiral 8 Weeks Hemophilus 8-12 Weeks PI3 8-12 Weeks BRSV 8-12 Weeks IBR 16-20 Weeks BVD 24-32 Weeks

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Pre- Weaning Immune Level

100

0 Birth Weaning

% calves with colostral

antibodies

*Would benefit from active vaccination

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Goals for Heifers §  Establish long-term immunity §  Protect first pregnancy §  Enhance collective herd immunity

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Goals for Cows §  Establish collective herd immunity §  Protect the pregnancy §  Establish immunity in the offspring

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Goals for sire battery

§  Reproductive health

§  General health

§  Customer needs

2015 National Angus Convention, Overland Park, Kan.

11/4/15

Angus University — Mark Spire 3

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Spring Calving Herd Calendar Spring Calving Herd Calendar

January / February •  Monitor/ adjust winter feeding program •  Gestational Vaccinations (neonatal)

•  External parasite control (lice) •  Prepare equipment, facilities, & supplies for

calving season

March •  Calving season begins •  Monitor dystocia levels/losses •  Monitor neonatal disease loss

•  Pre-breeding process replacement heifers •  Monitor nutritional program •  Plan synchronization programs

April •  Calving season (continued) •  Bull purchase/ evaluation •  Monitor nutrition

•  Pre-breeding vaccinations (cowherd) •  Calving report

May •  Breeding season begins •  Initiate fly control

•  Initiate pinkeye control •  Process calves 14

Spring Calving Herd Calendar June - August

•  Pasture rotation •  Monitor disease incidence/ death losses

•  Breeding season ends •  Post- breeding bull evaluation

September •  Forage analysis •  Pregnancy examination (heifers)

•  Pre-weaning vaccination •  Develop weaning program

October •  Weaning vaccinations •  Pregnancy examination (cows) •  Internal/ external parasite control •  Gestation vaccination; repro/neonatal

•  Body condition score evaluation •  Develop winter feeding program •  Cull

November - December •  Initiate winter feeding program •  Generate annual report

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Vaccine Use Key Points

§  Keep records §  Read the product label §  Understand the products §  Understand population dynamics

Work with your veterinarian to build a program that is right for you and your customers!