Laboratory guide The purpose of the laboratory sessions is to introduce you to some of the topics presented in this module, including the techniques used to investigate material properties and defects. Your objective is to design and conduct experiments to investigate these properties and defects. The following section will outline the different experiments that you have to complete and will help you to prepare for each of them.Learning outcomeDemonstrate competence to design and conduct investigations and experiments.Associated Assessment CriteriaExecute an acceptable process to design and conduct investigations and experiments, including (but not restricted to):a)Plan and conduct investigations and experiments;b)Conduct a literature search and critically evaluates material;c)Perform the necessary analyses;d)Select and use appropriate equipment and/or software;e)Analyse, interpret and derive information from data;f)Draw conclusions based on evidence;g)Communicate the purpose, process and outcomes in a technical report.

Introduction and general adminThe practical component of this course consists of the Charpy-impact test, the Jominy end quench test and several non-destructive test methods. Each experiment will be briefly discussed, but it is up to you to review the relevant theory before each laboratory session and to submit a pre-report consisting of an introduction highlighting the aim and objectives of the experiment and a literature review of the experiment.Laboratory sessions are scheduled for Thursday afternoons and will take place in the Materials Lab at B1 LAB 208. Groups have been assigned on Edulink and although the laboratory session will be conducted in groups, each student will submit an individual report.Please note that students must wear safety goggles, closed shoes and a white lab coat to gain access to the laboratory.

Failure to attend and complete all three laboratory sessions will result in immediate refusal to the final exam

A.1.1. Charpy impact testsThis is a comparative test used to determine how the mechanical properties of materials change when subjected to impact loading at various temperatures.Materials given: EN-3 (~1015)0.15% C AluminiumRecommended test temperatures-50, -25, 0, 25 and 50 CWhen compiling your report: 1. Show all results.2. Determine the ductile to brittle transition temperature.3. How does the carbon content affect the results and why?4. Discuss the appearance of the fracture surface relative to the amounts of fibrous and granular character.5. Discuss the lateral deformation as a function of carbon content and temperature.A.1.2. Jominy end-quench testThis test gives an indication of the hardenability of metals and alloys.Materials given: EN-3 (~1015)0.15% C EN-8 (~1040)0.4% C EN-24 (~4340)0.4% C, 1.8% Ni, 0.6% Cr en 0.25% MoWhen compiling your report:1. Show all results.2. Discuss the hardenability of the various alloys.3. Discuss the effect of carbon on the hardenability.4. Discuss the effect of the various alloy elements on the hardenability.5. Discuss the connection between the cooling rate and the eventual microstructure.A.1.3. Non-destructive testingNDT is used to find faults in and properties of materials without damaging the components.The following inspection methods will be dealt with in the practical session. Dye penetrant Magnetic particle inspection Eddy current inspection Ultrasonic inspectionWhen compiling your report:1. Show all results.2. Discuss the role of NDT. Where is it used?3. Discuss the capabilities of the different NDT methods4. Compare the different methods critically with one anotherPre- & Final ReportEach student is to hand in a pre- and final report on each of the experiments. The pre-report is to be handed in on the day of the practical session and should consist of a study of the relevant theory including an introduction highlighting the aim and objectives of the experiment and a literature review of the experiment. The pre-report may also then serve as the introduction and theoretical background of the final report. This implies that you must attend the laboratory sessions prepared.You will not be permitted to complete the laboratory session if you do not hand in a pre-report.

Use the following guidelines when compiling your report: Title PageSurname & InitialsStudent numberGroup numberTitle of practicalAbstract/SummaryAn abstract is a concise paragraph that opens the document. The abstract should give a clear indication of the objective, scope, and results reported in the final document so that reader can determine whether the research is of interest. Give a brief description of the experiment and report on the most important results.Table of content1. Introduction Theoretical background and motivationHypothesis, aim and objectives of the experiment Is the problem that led to the research well defined and motivated? Is the problem addressed in a structured manner?2. Literature reviewRelevant theory systematically presented Was an adequate amount of literature studied in a scientific way? Is a good overview on the current state of knowledge given?3. Experimental SetupSamples, apparatus and procedures followedExperimental matrix Is the experimental setup appropriate and does it address the problem statement? Are the choices made, motivated and correct? Does the theory support the experimental work? Were the current knowledge and techniques applied correctly? Were the data collected appropriate and did it comply with the objectives set out in the problem statement?4. Discussion and interpretation of resultsPresent, discuss and compare all results Does the theory support the results? Were the data presented and interpreted correctly? Were problems pointed out and corrective action recommended?5. ConclusionDraw conclusions from your discussions Were adequate conclusions drawn and described? Were conclusions substantiated by the results Do the conclusions address the problem identified and the aim of the project? Were recommendations made? Were the recommendations based on the conclusions?ReferencesList the references that are referred to in the text. Use IEEE reference style Appropriate reference style applied correctly References cited in text List of references Figures and tables integrated into the reportAppendixesInclude anything that you do not want to incorporate in the main body of the report. Refer in the body of the report to appendixes.Report qualityIntroductions, headings, logical layout and conclusions Spelling, punctuation, sentence construction, vocabulary and cohesionFigures and tables integrated into the textDescriptive captionsNo evidence of plagiarism or inappropriate copying of textAppropriate use of appendicesAssessment formUse the assessment form on page 5 as a guideline when compiling your reports.

Appendix BAppendix A

2MTK3A11 Laboratory Reports -Assessment Rubric

CriteriaNot AchievedPartially achievedGenerally achievedAchievedAchieved with distinction

IntroductionVery poor language errors, difficult to read, ineffective, or inappropriateAim / Problem statement and objectives not stated, ineffective, or inappropriate

[0]Weak introduction Syntax errors, formulation and structureAim / Problem statement and objectives not clearly stated, illogical approach to the problem.

[1 to 3]Partially effective, language and logic needs revisionAim / Problem statement and objectives partially effective, language and logic needs revision

[4 to 6]Clear, effective and logical. Aim / Problem statement and objectives well structured, clear and effective

[7 to 8]Excellent, scientific and logical approach to introduce/identify the problem. It creates an expectation, motivation for study clearly set out.Aim and objectives of the practical clearly set out, scientific and logical approach to solve the problem. [9 to 10]

Literature reviewedLiterature inappropriate. Insufficient amount of literature reviewed. Presented illogical and unstructured. Language errors, difficult to read. [0]Insufficient amount of literature reviewed. Presented illogical and unstructured. Syntax errors.

[1 to 3]Sufficient amount of literature reviewed. Partially effective, language and logic needs revision.

[4 to 6]Clear, effective and logical. Relevant theory presented. Well structured, good technical writing skills displayed

[7 to 8]Excellent, a good overview on the current state of knowledge given. Well written and logically presented.

[9 to 10]

Experimental SetupNot presented

[0]Presented illogical and unstructured.. Difficult to follow. Syntax errors [1 to 3]Sampling, apparatus and procedure presented. Language and logic needs revision. [4 to 6]Clear, effective and logical. Easy to follow.

[7 to 8]Excellent, scientific and logical approach. Technical writing skills above average. [9 to 10]

ResultsInterpretation and discussion of results insufficient, inappropriate & illogical. Language & syntax errors, difficult to read.

[0]Interpretation and discussion of results insufficient, inappropriate & illogical. Language & syntax errors, difficult to read.

[1 to 3]Partially effective interpretation and discussion of results. Language, structure and logic needs revision.

[4 to 6]Relevant data presented. Logical discussion and interpretation of results. Clear, effective and logical. Well structured, good technical writing skills displayed. [7 to 8]Excellent. Links/connection with theory reviewed. Well written and logically presented.

[9 to 10]

Conclusion and recommendations Very poor language errors, difficult to read, ineffective, or inappropriate

[0]Weak conclusion Syntax errors, formulation and structure.

[1]Partially effective, language and logic needs revision

[2 to 3]Clear, effective and logical. Good language skills displayed

[4 to 5]Excellent, scientific and logical approach to address the problem as stated. Refer to data and theory presented. Weighing results and logical arguments presented. [6 to 7]

ReferencesNo references citedNo list of reference [0]Some references cited, referencing style partially effective [1]References cited, referencing style and format effective

[2]Correct and effective use of references [3]

Final grade [50]

5Laboratory scheduleAll experiments will be conducted in groups of 5-6 students as scheduled on Edulink. Laboratory sessions will be carried out on the dates indicated below. If you cannot attend a laboratory session, a request should be submitted in writing (including a letter from your GP and/or relevant documentation supporting your request) to nickeyjvr@uj.ac.za. If permission is granted, the practical may then be completed on 3 May 2012 at 13h00.Practical sessions

B1 LAB 208 at 13h00 16h15

Group 1 A&BGroup 4 A&B

01-MarJominy8-MarCharpy

15- MarNDT12-AprJominy

19-AprCharpy26-AprNDT

Group 2 A&BGroup 5 A&B

01-MarNDT8-MarJominy

15- MarCharpy12-AprNDT

19-AprJominy26-AprCharpy

Group 3 A&BGroup 6 A&B

01-MarCharpy8-MarNDT

15- MarJominy12-AprCharpy

19-AprNDT26-AprJominy

Please note:Group A is scheduled from 13h00 to 14h35 and Group B from 14h40 to 16h15, except for the Jominy end quench experiment which both groups will be attend from 13h00 to 16h15Groups are scheduled on Edulink

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