20140508 morselli pres setac2014 basel -...
TRANSCRIPT
Importance of exposure dynamics in Importance of exposure dynamics in aquatic ecosystem risk assessmentaquatic ecosystem risk assessmentMelissa Morselli1, Matteo Semplice2, Antonella Zichella1
and Antonio Di Guardo1 *
1 Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy2 Department of Mathematics, University of Turin, Via Carlo Alberto 10, 10123 Torino, Italy
* E-mail: [email protected]
FrameworkFrameworkEEnvironmental RRisk AAssessment
- Environmental realismEnvironmental realism- Ecological relevanceEcological relevance- Methodological accuracyMethodological accuracy
of current approaches… “Addressing the New Challenges for Risk Assessment” (EC Scientific Committees)
... ongoing discussion...
?!
E.g., exposure assessment by means of steadysteady--state modelsstate models
CEFIC-LRI project“ChimERA: An integrated modelling tool for ecological risk “ChimERA: An integrated modelling tool for ecological risk
assessment”assessment”
ObjectivesObjectives
- Compartments and subCompartments and sub--compartmentscompartments: water and sediment + dissolved organic carbon (DOC), detritus, phytoplankton, and macrophytes- DynamicsDynamics of emissions, environmental parameters (e.g., temperature), macrophytes, phytoplankton and detritus mass and lipid content and DOC- Spatial discretizationSpatial discretization: different sub-environments in water and sediment
Fate and exposure subFate and exposure sub--modelmodel
Side view
Top view
WATER
SEDIMENT
* Di Guardo, A., Ferrari, F., Infantino, A. (2006) Environ Sci & Pollut Res 13(1), 50-58
- Dynamic surface water fugacityfugacity model- Water (water + suspended solids) and sediment (pore water + sediment solids)- Hourly concentrations and chemical fluxes between compartments- DynamicDynamic in terms of emission and environmental parameters
Starting point: DynA Model *Starting point: DynA Model *Chemical emission
Contaminatedsediment
11stst result: subresult: sub--model unitmodel unit
- CompartmentsCompartments: water, sediment, macrophytes *, phytoplankton **, total suspended particles (TSP), dissolved organic matter (DOM)- Layered sedimentLayered sediment- OutputOutput: hourly chemical concentrations in all compartments + chemical fluxes
Chemical emission
TSP DOM
Contaminatedsediment
* Armitage, J.M., Franco, A., Gomez, S., Cousins, I.T. (2008) Environ Sci & Pollut Res 13(1), 50-58** Del Vento, S., Dachs, J. (2002) Environ Toxicol Chem 21(10), 2099-2107
22ndnd result: spatial discretizationresult: spatial discretization
- Multiple unit connection unit connection through water flowwater flow (hydrological module)- SaintSaint--VenantVenant equationequation for rectangular-section channel with variable width and depth *- Friction accounted for using the Manning’s equation **- OutputOutput: hourly water volumes (m3) + input and output fluxes for each unit (m3 h-1)- From water fluxes: phytoplankton, TSP and DOM fluxes (m3 h-1)
* Balbas, J., Karni, S. (2009) ESAIM: M2AN 43, 333-351** Gordon, N.D., McMahon, T.A., Finlayson, B.N., Gippel, C.J., Nathan, R.J. (2004) Wiley
Side viewSingle unit
Sensitivity analysisSensitivity analysis- Simplified system (single sediment layer, 5-cm deep), two chemicals- Tested parametersTested parameters: emission, physical-chemical properties, MTCs, temperature, compartment volumes and organic carbon fractions- TargetsTargets: water-dissolved and sediment pore-water concentrations
Most influential parametersMost influential parameters
EmissionOC fraction of primary producers, TSP and DOM
Uptake/release rate constants for primary producers, TSP and DOMTemperature
- 30 - 20 - 10 0 10 20 30x direction (m)
05
10
- 5- 10
y dire
ction
(m)
Illustrative application: scenario (1)Illustrative application: scenario (1)
17001320
HL wat (h)
550005.180.00060.132B48002.53.9E-0533A
HL sed (h)log KOWVP (Pa)WS (mg/L)Chemical
Top view
Water flow
Chemical discharge
Side view
Illustrative application: scenario (2)Illustrative application: scenario (2)
Month0
20406080
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Conc
. (mg/L
)PhytoPhyto TSPTSP
DOCDOC
05
1015202530
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
T (°C)
Water temperatureWater temperature0.00E+004.00E-088.00E-081.20E-071.60E-07
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
Emiss
ion (m
ol/h)
EmissionEmission
Illustrative application: results (1)Illustrative application: results (1)
0.00E+005.00E+021.00E+031.50E+032.00E+032.50E+033.00E+03
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
Conc
. (ng/L
)
0.00E+002.00E-014.00E-016.00E-018.00E-011.00E+001.20E+001.40E+00
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
Conc
. (ng/L
)Chemical BChemical BChemical AChemical A
WaterWater--dissolveddissolved
Sediment Sediment porepore--waterwater
Illustrative application: results (2)Illustrative application: results (2)
Side view
0.00E+005.00E+021.00E+031.50E+032.00E+032.50E+03
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
Conc
. (ng/L
)
Slice 1 Slice 1 (Emission)(Emission)
0.00E+002.00E+014.00E+016.00E+018.00E+011.00E+02
J F M A M J J A S O N DMonth
Conc
. (ng/L
)
Slice 3Slice 3Slice 4Slice 4Slice 5Slice 5
Chemical BChemical B
Illustrative application: results (3)Illustrative application: results (3)
020406080
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Conc
. (mg/L
)PhytoPhyto TSPTSP
DOCDOC
0.00E+001.00E-092.00E-093.00E-094.00E-095.00E-096.00E-097.00E-09
J F M A M J L A S O N DMonth
Flux (
mol/h
) PhytoPhytoDOMDOMTSPTSP
OutflowOutflowDegradDegrad
Slice 3Slice 3
ConclusionsConclusions
Ongoing workOngoing work-- Coupling Coupling with effect models (TK/TD-IBM sub-models)- Implementation of equations to describe phytoplankton, macrophyte and detritus dynamics
Future workFuture work
- Flexible dynamic unit model- Basis for the simulation of connected water bodies (rivers/ponds)
- SensitivitySensitivity and uncertainty analysesuncertainty analyses- CalibrationCalibration and validation validation (literature + experiments)
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attention
You can also find me in the Exhibition Hall (poster TU193)You can also find me in the Exhibition Hall (poster TU193)
The ChimERA project is financed by the Long-range Initiative of CEFIC (www.cefic-lri.org) (project code: LRI-ECO19)