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2012 HIvtSm_hne 20

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HIvtSm_ 2012

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2012 HIvtSm_ $ 1188 In Xpemw1934 Biz-n\w ImnIw

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lncWy17/308,{ioIWvtTizc tdmUvtImgntmSv 673 001t^m 0495-272 [email protected]

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-mW-v a{-cl-ky-s-a-pt-NmZy-n\v \q-mpIfps-S

]-g-apv. A-Xo-hcl-ky-amb a{--fpw A-hb-ps-S {-]-t-b-mK-hps-ams-\mw \nch[n XhW t-I-n-p-XmW-v.Hcp ap-nYb-ps-S emL-ht-ms-S \mw t-I-n-p Cu a{--vF-s-nepw i-nb-pt-m? Ds-ns- A-s-X-s-\ s-Xfnb-npw? i-mkv{-Xb-pK-s-a-d-nb-s--SpCmev Ccw NnmK-Xn I-vF-p {-]-knb-mW-p-Xv? F--n-s-\ \nch[n kwi-b- Hcpanv\ps-S A-cwK-n Infnphcps-a-p Xo.

t-hZ-fmW-v a\pj-y-cmi-nb-ns-eBZy-s- a{-i-mkv{-X{-K--.Et-K-zZw, b-Ppt-Zw, kmat-hZw, A-Yt-hZw F--nhs-b-mw a{- -fps-S kaml-mcamW-v. t-hZa{--fps-SA-ad-nb Xs- Gs-d {-i-aIcam

b t-Pmenb-mW-v. Cu {-]-]--ns-XpSw i-_-vZams-W--v t-hZ-fn]-d-b-p-p. i-_-vZhpw \mZhpamIp-p Cu {-]-]--ImcW-s-a-v {-i-pXnb-n \apv ImW-mw. kcy-manb-pw k\mX\hpamb i-_-vZamW-vCu {-]-]--ns- BZn`mhs-a-p{-]-ISamp Img-vN-mSns-\ i-_-vs-s-ZzXhmZs-a-p hnfnp-p. Cu{-]-]--ns-e Du-nt-b-pwNe\nt-b-pw aqet-{-kmXv i-_-vZams-W--p Cu knmw hmZnp-p.s-s-Z\wZn\ Po-hnXn \mw cpXcw i-_-vZs- pd-nv a\nemp

-p. t-I-p-Xpw (hy-w) t-ImXpw (A-hy-w) F--n-s-\.

{-^-o-Izkn A-\pkcnv CXns-\pd-nv hni-Zo-IcnpIb-mW-v B[p\nI^-nknIvkv. A-{-Sm, kq t-kmW-nIv i-_-vZcq]- \ps-S s-NhnvA-hy-amW-v. \ps-S s-NhnI-vs-kn 20-,000 s-s-ht-{-_-jkpi-_-vZ-s-f am{-Xt-a Xncnd-nb-m Ig-nb-q. A-t-Xt-]-ms-e Xncp ]-nSn Hcp t-d-mUns-e i-_-vZ apd-nIpA-Sncnp Hcm-v t-I-m

Ig-nb-n. A-Xmb-Xv hy-amIpi-_-vZw t-]-ms-e A-hy- i-_-vZ-fpwDs--w.

F-m {- -o-Izknb-nepap ]-eXcw i-_-vZ Cu {-]-]--nepv. \ps-S t-I-hnv A--pd- p-hb-mW-v Gd-nb Iqd-pw. Nne kq-vai-_-vZ-s-f Xncnd-nb-m Nne Pp-v Ig-nhpv. CXmW-v {-]-IrXnZpc t-\ct- A-d-nb-m NnePp-v Ig-nhp \Ip-Xv. B[p\n Iamb ]-e D]-IcW--t-fmi-amW-v Ccw Po-hnIfps-S t-{-i-mt-{-X {-nb-.

s-s-hZnIi-mkv{-Xns-e i-_-vZhn-m\o-b-s- \apv "a{-hn-m\o-b-w' F--p hnfnmw. t-d-Unt-b-m,s-Senhnj, d-Umd-pI F--nhb-vvXpey-amb co-Xnb-n a{-hn-m\o-b-s- Ej-nam hnIkn-nncp-ps-h-v t-hZ ]Tnm a\nemmw.CXn\p s-XfnhpI Ej-n Zb-m\kckzXn Et-K-zZmZn `mj-y-`qanIb-n\Inb-n-papv. DmcW-w, DZmA-\pZm `mh-, Xo-{-hX, Xmfw,EXw F--nhs-b-mw HnW--pt-hZa{--v t-ek _-o-ant-\m t-hK- n k-cnmIg-nb-pw. ImcW-w CeIvt-{-Sm amK-v\

-nIv XcwK--fneqs-S i-_-vZns-b-YmXYamb i-n BImi- neqs-S F-hns-S t-hW-s-anepw F-nt-cpw. am{-Xa t-hZa{- -fps-SIq-mb kzcnp s-Nm {-]-m]--nINe\ krj-vSnm s-Iev]-p-XmW-pXm\pw. B[p\nI Imes-Gs-d ]-pt-cmK-an i-mkv{-Xkmt-XnIkwhn[m\-fps-S kl-mb-mCcw i-_-vZ-s-fpd-np ]

T\ [mcmfw \S-n-papv. Hcpa{-w P]-np-Xv ]-p\hnt-i-j-Wn\v hnt-[b-amnb-t--m a{-i-_-vZn\v BW-t-hm- n\v Xpeyamb Ne\ krj-vSnm Ig-nhp-Xmb-n i-mkv{-X Is-nb-n-pv. t-_-m[Xenepw i-co-cns-kq-vaXenepw F-mb-mepw Cua{- Gs-d Ne\ krj-vSnp-Xmb-n Is-m Ig-n-n-pv. s-s-hZnIa{--fps-S i-nO-ns- cq]- nemW-v D-s-X-p]-d-b-mw. Hmt-cm a{-n\pw Nn\p {-]-m[m\y-w hfs-c hepXmW-v.

a{- hn-m\o-b-n a{--fps-ScmPmhmb-mW-v "K-mb-{-Xn's-b hnt-i-j-n-nn-p-Xv. H]-Xp hmpIfn, 24A--c-fn K-mb-{-Xns-b hn\y-knncnp-p. Cu a{-w P]-npt--m\ps-S \mUnIfn Xmf_-nXamb Hcp aw cq]-s--Spw. IqSms-X\ps-S i-co-cns-e Bd-p N{-I-fnepw \mUo hy-ql-fnepw Ne\wDmhpIb-pw A-Xv km[Is- i-co-cn A-km[mcW-amb Hcp am-s-krj-vSnpIb-pw s-N-pw.

Pes-s-hZy-pXn, BW-h s-s-hZy-pXn, hmb-phns- kl-mb-mDmp s-s-hZy-pXn F--nh \apv

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a{hpw a{-clky-hpw Fm-epw `mcXobsc BIjnnp hnj-bam-Wv. i_vZ- nsint{km-Xmb a{ns DuPP {]-hm-lsp-dnpw AXv icocn\v AIpw]pdpw Dmp A]q am-sfp-dnpw hnkvXcnp-IbmWv teJI.

BNmcy Fw.-B. cmtPjv

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F-fp-w A-\p`hnm\mhpw. F--mi-_-vZn\pw Ct-X cq]-n, Hcp]-t- CXn IqSpX i-nDfhmm Ig-nb-pw. kwK-o-Xw \mwBkzZnpt--m \ps-S A-xcwK-n krj-vSnp s-s-hImcnI`mham- CXn\v DZml-cW-amW-v.i-mkv{-Xo-b cwK-pw CXp s-Xfnb-ns---n-pv. t-Um C^-IvSv (Dop-pler effect-) F- hnJ-y-mX \nb-awChns-S Nn\o-b-amW-v. s-\t--mfnb-s- s-s-k\y-w krj-vSn NSpeamb_-q-ns- i-_-vZn Hcp ]-mew XI

-pho-W-p. i-_-vZn \nch[n aXnepIfpw ]-me-fpw XI-p ho-WXns- DZml-cW- Ncn{-Xnepv. 1852 {-^-mkns-e emt-hm _\mUv {-_-nUvPv XI-p ho-W-Xv CXn s- G-hpw \ DZml-cW-amW-v.A-t-acnb-ns-e Hl-nt-b-m, hmj-nwK-vS F--nhnS-fns-ems- kam\amb kw`h Dmb-n-pv. H-mwt-emI al-mb-pImev s-kn

105 I\w Dfhmm {-]-m]-vXambi-_-vZ XcwK- Dmp D]-IcW- n\v cq]-w \In PIm.i-amb CeIv{-Sn t-j-mnHcmfps-S \y-qt-d-mW-pI XIp-Xnt-\m F-fp-n A-hCmXmm Cu Bb-p[n\v ]--pamb-ncp-p. cmK Zo-]-Iw, cmK-al-md-ps-ams- hnfpI Zo-]-vXamnb-Xpwag s-]--nXp s-ams-b-pamb IYI\mw t-I-n-pv. A-hs-b-m-pw t-Ihews-I-pIYIfs--v C-pw \apd-nb-mw. t-b-mK-i-mkv{-Xn G-hpw

henb km[\b-mb-n IW-mp-XvCt-X i-_-vZkm[\b-mIp-Xpw Ct-XImcW-memW-v. Ej-nam X-fps-S \mZnt-b-pw i-_-vZnt-b-pwDd--nnSp A-Xni-ambIg-nhpI DWp-Xn\p t-hnX-md-mnb ]-Xnb-mW-v a{-hn-m\o-b-w. A-Xv Bt-K-mf XenkIe i-po-IcW-n\pw hy-nIfps-S ]-hn{-Xo-IcW- n\pw t-hnb-m

b-ncp-p. a{-n Hfn-ncnpImnIi-nb-mW-v A-Xns- P]-ws-Imv \mw s-Xm-pWp-Xv.

i_v-Z-im-kv-{X clky-hgn

a\pj-y-i-co-chpw a\pw kqA-UzmkvUv Bb Hcp ]-co--Wi-meb-ms-W--p ]-d-b-mw. {-]-IrXnb-ps-SA-Xnat-\m-amb Cu i-co-cnemW-v Ej-nam a{-hn-m\o-b-ns-{-]-Ya ]-co--W- \Snb-Xv.{-]-mNo-\ cl-ky-hmZ Zi-\ni-_-vZw i-mi-zXamW-v. Cu {-]-]--ns- krj-vSnb-n i-_-vZn\v A-Snm\]-camb {-]-m[m\y-appXm\pw.khy-m]-nb-mb \mZcq]-nemW-v{-]-IrXnb-n GXpXcw am-apmb-mepw A-Xns- BZy-Ne\ {-]-ISamhpI. a{-hn-m\t-aJ-eb-n{-]-K-ev`cmb-h Cu I-\w X-fps-SP]-km-n[y-n Xncnd-nb-p-p.A-hcXv apt-] ]-d-b-p-p.

i-_-vZns- b-Ym `mh G-hpa[nIw {-]-ISamhpI \ps-S i-co-cns--b-ms-W--v a{-hn-m\o-b-w ]-d-b-p-p. i-_-vZns-

hIt-`Z-\pkcnv \ps-Si-co-cNe\-fn am-apmIp-p.A-XmW-v NSpet-hK-Xb-nep K-m\ t-I-pt--m \mad-nb-ms-XA-Xns-\mv Nenp-Xv. \ps-Si-co-cns-e, `o-amImcamb Cu t-kmW-nIv D]-IcW-w A-Xmb-Xv a\pwi-co-chpw kaRvPkamb-n {-]-hnpt--m \mw Bt-cmK-y-hm-mcmIp-p. a\v DZm A-hb-nF- nt-cp-p. \ps-S t-PmenIk-qW-amIp-p.

Imens-^-mW-nb-b-ns-e kvs-]-Iv{-Sw d-nkv C-n-y-q-ns-e Ub-d-

IvS t-Um. -o-h s-s-l-t- (Dr.Steven Hypern) Cu hnj-b-s- pd-nv A-K-m[ amb-n ]Tnb-mfmW-v.\s-fmw i-_-vZkap{-ZnemW-vCt--mg-p-s-X-mW-v A-t-l-ns-A- n{-]-mb-w. Nne i-_-vZ \ps-SI-\t-mSv Xpey-amW-v. CcwI-\-s-fpd-nv ]Tnp _-t-K-d-nb-b-ns-e t-Um. Pn. t-Img-n t-\mhv(Dr. Kozhinove) t-b-mK-b-n Nne]-co--W- \SpIb-pmb-n.i-mco-cnIamb-n i-_-vZ s-Impam-apmm Ig-nb-ps-a-v K-t-hj-W neqs-S Is-nb as--mcp

i-mkv{-X-\mW-v kqd-nns-e t-Um.

P-e-sshZ-y-p-Xn, B-W-h sshZ-y-p-Xn, hm-bp-hns klm-bm D-m--p- sshZ-y-p-Xn F-nh \-a-p--v Ffp- -w A-\-p- hn-m-\-m-hp-w.F-m i_v-Zn\-p-w C-tX cq-]- n, Hcp-]-t C-Xn Iq-Sp-X in D-fhm--m Ignbp-w. kwKoXw \-m-w B-kzZ-n-p-t-m\-p-sS A- -xcwKn kr-j-v-Sn-p- sshIm-cnI`m-ha-m-C-Xn\-v D-Z-m-lcW-a-m-W-v.

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l-mkv s-P (Dr. Hans Jane) t-kmW-nmb am--fps-S Xzns-A-Snm\n t-Um. l-mkv Hcpt-Smt-W-mkvt-Im-n\v cq]-w s-ImSpp. CXns- s-s-at-{-Im t- -mW-neqs-S In-p i-_-vZ-\pkcnvZri-y-cq]- krj-vSnpIb-mb-ncp-p e-y-w. "Hmw' F- i-_-vZamW-vH-maXmb-n ]-co--nXv. kwkvIrXn "Hmw' F-s--g-pXp A-t-Xco-Xnb-nep cq]-s- b-mW-v i-_-vZs-Zri-y-hcnt--m In-nb-s-X-vCt-l-w ]-d-b-p-p. `mcXo-b Ej-nam

Is-nb a{- P]-w s-Imv A-Xni-amb Du-w Dev]-mZn-nps-a-pw, am\knI {-]-t-NmZ\n\v t-l-XphmIps-a-pw kt-mj-]-qW-hpw

Bt-cmK-y ]-qW-hpamb Hcp kaql-s- s-I-n-Spm Cu P]-km[\{-]-t-b-mP\w s-N-ps-a-pamW-v t-Um.l-mkv ]-d-b-p-Xv. i-mamb Pent-ev Hcp Is-d-n-m DmIp Ne\w hmb-phn Hcp i-_-vZapmpt--mg-pw DmIp-pv.

A-co--n a{-P]-w henb am-w krj-vSnp-p. a{- ns-Xo-{-hX Gd-p-Xn\\pkcnv A-Xvhenb am--fmW-v A-co--nkrj-vSnpI. hnb--b-ns-e t-Um.eo-kenI ek\nt-b-m (Dr. Leislier

Lasanio) B[p\nI k-o-IcW--fp]-t-b-mK-nv G-hpw {-]-mNo-\amba{-i-mkv{-X n Gs-d K-t-hj-W-w\Sn. t-b-mK-b-pw "Hmw' P]-hpw Xs-

t-cmK-nIfn hcpnb am-w A-t-l-s- A-pXs--Spn. a{-i-co-cns-e BcnI {-K--nIfnDmnb hnkvab-Icamb am-B[p\nI i-mkv{-XImc-ms-ct- -mepwA-pXs--Spnb-n-pv.

a-{-w a-\-ne-p-w kz`m-hne-p-w

hcp-p- a-m-w F-m-W-v?C\n \apv a{-P]-w s-Imv

\ps-S a\nepw kz`mhnepwF-p am-amW-v hcnI F--pw B am

-w F- ps-Imv DmIp-ps-h-pw]Tnmw. Du-n\v `u-XnIamb-n A--p A-Snm\ cq]--fmW-vD-Xv. i-_-vZw, {-]-Imi-w, Xm]-w, s-s-hZy-pXn, ImnIw Ch Hmt-cm-nt-\b-pw]-ckv]-cw am-m Ig-nb-pw. A-Xn\mb-pn kl-amb-n Nnnm Ht-cDu-ns- hn`n Bhnj-vmc -fmW-v Ch Hmt-cm-pw F--pImW-mw. `mcXo-b Zi-\-fnepwCXpXs--b-mW-v ]-d--n-p-s-X-p a\nemm henb K-t-hj-W-fps-Ss-b-m-pw Bhi-y-an Xm\pw.i-_-vZ{-_-hpw \mZ{-_-hps-ams-

Cs-Xms-s--b-mW-v. Cu A-\mZnb-mb i-_-vZamW-v HmwImcw. `mj-b-ps-Si-co-c L-S\ ]-cnt-i-m[nm t-I-hnb-pw kw`mj-W-hpw \ps-S Xet-md-ns-\ 50 apX 60% hs-c {-Inb-mIamp-p. ]-n-o-Sv s-s-IIfps-S Ne\amW-v IS-phcp-Xv. CXps-ImmW-v Ej-nam ]-p hmpI-v \nb{-W-w t-hW-s-a-v ]-d--ncp-Xv.ImcW-w \n ]-d-b-p-Xpw F-g-pXp-Xpamb Imcy- \ps-S Xet-md-ns- `o-aamb `mK-s- D]-t-b-mK-s--Spp-p. A-s-n Zpcp]-t-b-mK s--Spp-qs-h-w. A-Xn\memW-v

By-mnIam-n kXvkwK-w,kzm[y-mb-w F--o Imcy--s-fpd-nv]-eXhW ]-d--n-p-Xv.

i-_-vZns- Cu {-]-m[m\y-wXs--b-mW-v A-\p{-K-l-amb-pw i-m]-amb-ps-ams- cq]-w amd-p-Xv. Ej-namCu hmpIfps-S t-a kXy-ns-i-ns-Imv A-km[mcW kzm[o-\w t-\Sp-p. a\ns- ]-qW-ambi-nb-pw hmpIfn X-n\np-p. i-rwK-nEj-nb-ps-S A-\p{-K-l-mcmae-vaWam Dmb-Xpt-]-ms-et-emt-ai Ej-nb-ps-S i-m]-m ]-co--nv cmPmhv s-Ims--SpIb-pw s-Nb-vX IYIfn a{-i-mkv{-Xns-

s\-t-m-fnbs ssk\-y-w kr-j-v-Sn N-Sp-e-a-m-b _q-ns i_v-Z-n Hcp ]-m-ew XI-p-hoW-p. i_v-Z- n \-nch[-n a-Xn e-p-Ifp-w ]-m-e-fp-w XI-p hoWXns D-Z-m-lcW- N-cn{Xne-p v. 1852 {^m-knse e-m-thm _\-m-Uv {_nUv-P-v XI-phoW-Xv C-Xns G-hp-w \- D-Z-m-lcW-a-m-W-v.

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w.discoverthegit.com

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\nK-qV-`mh Hfn-ncnp-pv.a{-P]-w s-N-pt--m \ps-S i-co-cns- kq-vaamb t-I{-_-nphnDt-P\w DmIp-p. A-Xv a\ns- Xe-fnepw am-apmp-p.]-mh\amb hmpIfpw ]-hn{-X a{--fpw \ps-S a\n i-pt- mXamb hnNmc[mcIs-f krj-vSnp-p.]-hn{-X NnIfpw ]-mh\ {-]-hrnIfpw A-\p{-K-l--fpamb-n Hpt-N-ncnp-hb-mW-v. CXps-ImmW-vGs-Xnepw i-p`Imcy- s-N-pt--m A-Xp awK-f {-]-m-\t-b-ms-S

BIp-Xv. CXp XncnmIpt--mg-pwa\n am-apmIpw. A-Xp s-\K--o-hmb am-amb-ncnps-a-pam{-Xw.

a-{-w \-n a-m-w hcp- p-

hgnI G-sXm-s?F--s-\b-mW-v i-_-vZw \ps-S

i-co-cn {-]-hnp-s-X-p\apv ]-cnt-i-m[nmw. t-Zh\mK-cn`mj-b-ns-e kzcm-c-fn NneXv Dmp am- F-ms-W--p BZy-w ImW-mw. Ch i-_-vZt-b-mK-nDmp {-]-m[m\y-w F-ms-W--v

a{-hn-m\o-b-n hni-Zamp-pv.A: Cu kzcm-cw Dcnp

-Xv l-rZb-n kq-vaamb-n-ms-W-nepw Ne\w krj-vSnp-pv.Cu DmcW-w \Spt--m i-pcs- ]-pd t- v X-p {-]-h\n\v Bw Iq-p-p. DnCu kzcm-cw XpSb-mb-n Dcnp-Xv i-co-cn i-pcs-hnhn[ `mK--fn F- np-Xn\vGs-d kl-mb-IcamIp-p.

B: Cu kzcm-cw s-\-nepwi-zmkt-Imi-ns- apI `mK-pw

am-apmp-pv. hmcns-b-n\pwZl-\n\pw K-pW-apmp-t-Xms-Sm-w a\ns-\ Dt-Pn-npIb-pws-N-p-p. Cu i-_-vZns- XpSb-mb {-Ianep DmcW-w BkvXvab-pw ISp Npab-pw CmXmp-p.

C: CXns- \o--nb-p DmcW-ws-Xmb-nepw A-Xn-p Xet-md-p amb-p _-\mUnIt-fb-pw i-ns--Spp-p. l-rZb-ns- apI `mKn\p i-n \Ip-p. aqt-b-d-nbCu i-_-vZns- DmcW-w i-zmkt-Imi-t- b-pw A- t-c{-nb--t-fb-pwDo-]-n-np-p. i-amb Xet-hZ\b-pw l-rZb-t-cmK--fpw Cu i-_-vZn

s- XpSb-mb DmcW-w s-Imvab s--Sp-p. s-]-s---v t--m`np-hpw am\knIamb-n \ncmi _-m[n hpw Cu i-_-vZw {-IanDcnp-Xv hfs-c {-]-t-b-mP\ws-N-pw.

D: Cu kzcm-cw Dcnpt--m i-co-cns- a[y-`mK-pwA-Xns- Xmg-v`mK--fnepw K-pW- -e Zri-y-amIp-p. {-]-t-Xy-InpwIc-, BcnImhb-h F--nhnS-fn. A-Xv hb-d-ns- `mcwIpd-p-p. XpSb-mb-n Cu i-_-vZwDcnpIb-ms-W-n Zl-\pd-hvCmXmIpw. kv{-Xo-I-v hb-d-pkw_-amb-n DmIp t-cmK--pwam-apmIpw.

G: InUv\n, s-Xm, i-zmk\mf F--nhnS-fn Cu i-_-vt-Zm

mcW-w am-w hcppw. aq{-Xmi-b-t-cmK- CmXmm XpSb-mbCu i-_-vZns- DmcW-w kl-mb-npw. kpZoL-amb Cu i-_-vZwkm[\ s-N-p-Xp aqew t-hmt-ImUn\p-n K-pW-]-camb am-wDmpw. A-Xn\m kwK-o-Xpw {-]-mkwK-nIpw CXv Gs-d{-]-t-b-mP\w s-N-pw.

Hm: P\t-\{-nb--fpw t-]-i-nIfpw \mUnIfpw i-ns- -Spp-Xn\vCu kzcm-cw Dcnp-Xv kl-mb-npw. s-\-ns- \Sp`mK-pt-cmK CmXmIm\pw \y-qt-amW-n

b XpS-nb t-cmK- amd-p-Xn\pwCXv Gs-d kl-mb-IcamIpw.A-w: "A-w' F- DmcW-w

\Spt--m \ps-S i-co-cnt-evHmIvknP [mcmfamb-n IS-phcp-p. IqSms-X \ps-S {-]-mW-i-nhnphcp-p. RBC hn-np-Xn\v kl-mb-np-p. cw i-po-Icnp-p. t-b-mK s-N-pt--m {-]-mW-mb-maw A-\pj-vTnp-p. A-t--mi-co-cn Cu "A-w' \-mb-n{-]-t-b-mP\w s-N-p DmcW-amW-v."A-' F--pw "av' F--pap cv DmcW--fmW-v CXn IS-phcp-Xv.

"A-' F--v Dcnpt--m Xs- D-n

ep F-m {-]-i-v\-fpw ]-pd-t-vt-]-mIp-Xmb-n `mh\ s-N-W-w. "av'F--v Dcnpt--m C\n HcnepwA-h {-]-t-hi-nmXncnp-Xmb-pw `mh\ s-N-W-w.

A-x: Cu DmcW-w \ps-S Xe

t-md-n\v Gs-d K-pW-w s-N-p H-mW-v. Bg-n [y-m\nps-Imv Cui-_-vZw Dcnp-Xv \ps-S F-m{-K--nIfnt-eb-pw t-l-mt-amW-pIs-fDo-]-n-np-p. A-Xv \ps-S i-co-cs- {-Ias--SppIb-pw s-N-p-p.Xpd- s-]-m-nncn Cu A-nemW-v km-IamIp-Xv. \ps-Sa\xkhpw \ncmi-b-ps-ams- Nncnpt--m CmXmIp-Xn\p ImcW-wb-Ym-n Cu t-l-mt-amW-pIfps-S Dev]-mZ\amW-v.

C-s-\ kzcm-c-fps-S DmcW-w i-co-cn am{-Xa am-apm

p-Xv A-Xv \ps-S a\n\pwB`mhnepw hs-c am-apmp-pv. \ps-S i-co-cw ]--`qXmIamW-v. i-_-vZw BZy-w t-\cn-vam-apmp-Xv ]-rYzo-XznemW-v. Gs-Xneps-amcp `u-XnIXzwho-W-p s-]-m-pt--m i-_-vZapmIp-pt-m. A-XpXs- aXnb-mb DZml-cW-amW-v. Hmt-cm hkvXphnt-b-pwcq]-a\pkcnv i-_-vZn\pw am-w hcpw. knXmd-ns- I-nI Dmpi-_-vZa t-[meIns- arK-Nn\n-v DmIp-Xv. i-_-vZns-k-mcam[y-aw hmb-phms-W--v Ghpw A-d-nb-mw. A-Xp s-ImmW-v\mw t-I-p-Xv. i-_-vZn\p t-ahmb-phn\p \nb-{-W-hpw hnJ-y-mXamW-v. HmSpg hmb-npt--mDmIp i-_-vZw Xs- CXn-p Zml-cW-w. Pew ]-e kap{-ZPo-hnIfpt-Sb-pw i-_-vZhnXcW- n-p am[y-aamW-v. PeXcwK-w t-]-mep kwK-o-t-Xm]-IcW- i-_-vZns- PeXz nep kzm[o-\s- b-mW-v\apv ]-d--pXcp-Xv. i-_-vZn\vXm] t-mSpw {-]-Imi-t-mSpap_-w A-nXzs- s-hfnhmp

-p. CXv i-_-vZ D]-IcW--fmb d-n

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t-{-Smao- (retrometer) kvs-]-Ivt-{-Smao-

(Spectrometer

)-, t-Smt-W-mkvt-Im-v(Tonoscope -) F--nhb-m s-hfns---XpamW-v. s-s-Z\wZn\ Po-hnXnhmpw NqSpw Xnep _-w\mw Xncnd-n XmW-pXm\pw. \mw]-d-b-md-nt-, NqSp]-nSn kwhmZs-as--ms-. A-XpXs- b-mW-v A-K-v\nXzns-e i-_-vZns- kzm[o-\w.

BImi-Xzns- Imcy- nepw i-_-vZns- kzm[o-\w I\XmW-v. kwK-o-Xw t-I-pt--ms-s-hImcnI`mh-fn \apv DmIp am-w BImi-Xznepi-_-vZns- kq-vaamb kwt-hZ\w

Xs-.C-s-\ t-\mpt--m "i-_-vZw'

\ps-S i-co-cns-e ]-- qX-t-fb-pw kzm[o-\np-p. A-Xmb-Xv \mwGs-Xnepw Hcp a{-w P]-npt--mA-Xv \ps-S i-co-cns-e ]--`qX-t-fb-pw am-nad-np-ps-h-p kmcw.Cs-Xm-pw a\nemms-Xb-mW-v`qcn`mK-w t-]-cpw a{-P]-w Bcw`np-Xv. a{-P]-w Hcp \n-nX Imet-p-X. kIeImet-pap-Xms-W--p \mw ad-mXncnpI.

\mw t-I-p-t-Xm ]-d-b-p-t-Xm Bb i-_-vZn A-K-v\nXzns- A-Xn{-]-kcapmb-m A-Xv\ps-S {-]-mW-s-\ {-]-Imi-am\amp-p. kq-va amb Nph \nd-wDfhmIp-p. Du-j-vafamb Du-hpwa\xi-mkv{-X]-camb Do-]-\hpw A-Xps-ImpmIp-p. A-t-Xt-]-ms-e PeXzhpw hmb-p Xzhpw {-]-mW-s-\o-eb-pw s-hfp-pw \nd--s-f {-]-ISamp-p. ]-rYzo-XzamIs- a-\nd-hpw BImi-Xzw Id-p-p\nd-hpwkrj-vSnp-p. Hmt-cm-pw \ps-Si-co-cnepw a\nepw s-s-hImcnIXenepw am-apmp-ps-h-vkmcw.

\ps-S Po-hnXhpamb-p i-_-vZnt-b-pw a{-nt-b-pw _-s-hni-Zo-Icnm\mW-v CXn ]-cn{-i-anXv. a{-km[\b-nt-ev IS-p hcp-t-Xms-S \ps-S i-_-vZw F-{-Xam{-Xwi-pamb-ncnW-s-a-v CXn \n-vhy-amIp-p. \ps-S BcnIambB{-K-l- {-]-Xn^-en-np-Xvi-_-vZneqs-Sb-mW-v. \ps-S `mh\Ifnepw kz]-v\-fneps-ams- IS-phcp-Xv b-Ym-n Cu Nnmi-Ie-fmW-v. A-Xn\memW-v t-b-mKs-N-pt--m X\np Xs- BZyL--n \nt-i- \Ins-m

ncnp-Xv. "b-Yma\pkma\pt-X XYm hmNm hZXn' F-s--mcp s-NmpvkwkvIrXn. \mw Nnnp-Xvkwkmcnp-ps-h-w. \ps-S a\v A-Xv D]-t-_-m[a\mIs- t-_-m[a\mIs- Hcnepw \n-_-vZamIp-n. \mw i-mcmb-ncnpt--mg-pwA-Xp kwkmcnps-Imt-b-ncnp-p.Cu NnI \ps-S hy-nXznepS\o-fw kq-vaamb ap{-ZI]-Xn-np-p. Nne NnI \ps-SapJ- pIqSn Nne `mhhy-Xy-mkhcpp-p. Cu am-w Xncnd-nb-mHcp t-b-mK-nv Ig-nb-pw.

a{-w P]-np-b-m-, i-_-vZ

ns- a\xi-mkv{-X]-camb {-]-m[m\y-s- Xncnd-n-v t-hW-w kwkmcnm\pw, t-I-m\ps-amw. \ps-Sa\n i-p`NnI DmIp-hb-mb-ncnW-w F-mw. a{-ns-i-n ]-qW-amb-pw \ps-S a\nam-w hcpm CXmhi-y-amW-v. b-Ym n \mw P]-npt--mCcnep a\xi-mkv{-X]-cambam- \n IS-phcp-p.

s-s-hZnIEj-nam t-hZa{--fps-S A-]-cnt-ab-amb i-nhnt-i-j-s- Xncnd-n-hcmW-v.

a{--fps-S Zrj-vSmfmb-mW-v s-s-hZnIEj-nams-c ImW-p-Xv. A-Xmb-Xv a{- w t-I-h F--; ad-nva{-s- Ih F- A-n. A-h kzm\p`hneqs-Sb-pw,]-co--W-neqs-Sb-pw a{- i-mkv{-Xns- \nK-qV-Xe-fneqs-S IS-ps-N-v B t-aJ-eIs-fmw hnIkn-np.

a{-NnIn-s-b kw_-nv\nch[n ]T\ \S-n-ps--v hnZK-v ]-d-b-p-p. a{-hpw t-_-m[aW-vUehpw hnhn[ \mUo-t-I{--fmbN{-I-fpw Xnep _-amW-vCXn\mb-n A-h Nqn m-p-Xv.B[p\nI NnIn-m kt-X-fn"i-_-vZ's- F--s-\ D]-t-b-mK-np-ps-h-pw Cmcy- n-mb-n A-hDcnp ImW-md-pv. \mw Hcp s-_-Snp t--m A-Xns- apg-w Ipd-pkab-w \ps-S s-NhnIfn X-n\nmd-pv. C-s-\ \apv Np-pw\nch[n i-_-vZ A-\amb-n \ne\np-pv. F--m t-I-m]-mInep I-\-s-f am{-Xt-a\apv t-I-m Ig-nb-p-p-qs-h-p am{-Xw. \nch[n i-_-vZ \man

-s-\ Xncnd-nb-ms-X t-]-mIp-pv.kq-vahpw A-Xni-hpamb K-W-ns---hb-mW-v A-{-Sm-C{-^-mi-_-vZ XcwK . 8 x 105 apX105 cps hs-cb-p I-\-fp-hs-b A-{-Smku-v F--p hnfnp-p.Cu A-{-Sm ku-v XcwK--vs-kns- Bb-ncn s-emcwi-ws-Imv hfs-c i-amb XcwK-s-t- -mep hkvXpfn t--mepw Xpfp Ib-d-m\pw A-Xns-\ t-`Znm\pwIg-nb-pw.

\ps-S F-pIs-f t-`Znm\pwa-pw CXn\v F-{-Xt-b-m Xpamb ka

b-w aXn. D-X kmt-XnI hn-m\

a-{ hn-m\-obna-{--fp-sS cm-P-m-hm-bm-W-v"Km-b{Xn'sb hntij-n -n -np--Xv. H-]-Xp hm--p-Ifn,24 A-c-fn Km-b{Xnsb hn\-y-kn -ncn-p--p. C-ua-{-w P-]-n-p-t-m \-p-sS

\-m-UnIfn Xm-f_-nXa-m-bHcp aw cq-]-s-Sp-w. Iq-Sm-sX\-p-sS icocnse B-dpN-{I-fne-p-w \-m-Uo hy-q-l-fne-p-w N-e\-w D-m-hp-Ibp-wA-Xv km-[-Is icocnA-km-[-m-cW-a-m-b Hcp a-m-s kr-j-v-Sn-p-Ibp-w sN-p-w.

emthm_WmUv ]mew

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HIvtSm_ 2012

ns- kl-mb-t-ms-S C-v Ccwi-_-vZXcwK- \nb-{-nXamb co-Xnb-n Dev]-mZn-nm\pw hy-hkmbt-aJ-eI s-Xm-v BcnIA-hb-h-fnepw i-co-cIeIfnepw i-kv{-X{-Inb s-N-p-Xn\pw hs-c D]-t-b-mK-nm km[np-p. Bt-cmK-y-i-mkv{-XcwK-v A-{-Smku-ns-D]-t-b-mK- Gs-d {-]-i-kvXamW-v.BZy-s- A-{-Sm ku-v NnInapd-nhp ]--nb 27 t-cmK-n Ifnemb-ncp-p]-co--nXv. GXmb-mepw i-_-vZn\p i-nb-ps--pw B i-nb-ps-S

{-Inb-m]-camb {-]-h\amW-v a{-i-nb-n {-]-ISamIp-s-X-pw \apva\nemmw.

i-_-vZns- i-n Nnm[mcb-n epw s-s-hImcnI {-]-hml-nepwt-hcq-nb-XmW-v. A-Xv at-\mab-t-Imi-n Ne\w krj-vSnp-p.s-s-hZnIkq {-]-YaZrj-vSy-m,hfs-c kcfamb {-]-m-\Ifmb-nt-Xm-ms-anepw A-Xns-e i-_-vZ-fps-S ]-ckv]-cap _-w Gs-di-mkv{-Xo-b-ams-W--p ]-db-ms-X h.t-hZ-fns-e F-m a{--pw

t-ZhXIfpv. {-]-m]--nI A-ht-_-m[ns- Hcp {-]-t-Xy-I Du-aW-vUeamW-v t-ZhX F--v ]-d-b-mw. Hcp a{-w{-]-t-Xy-I Xmft-_-m[t-ms-S Dcpg-npt--m-, A-Xpamb-n _-s- -t-kmW-nIv XcwK- Hcp {-]-t-Xy-IXen hnIknpIb-pw Np-papZnhy Du-IW--fnt-ev A-XvX-s--SpIb-pw s-N-p-p. [y-m\neqs-S e`np kq-vaamb am\knt-Im-hpamb-n P]-npt--m i-_-vZw CeIvt-{-SmamK-v\-nIv XcwK--fmb-namd-p-p.

Cu Zri-amb a{-ns-

{-]-h\ Hcp km[I\n XpSn s-Nd-nb am--t-f Dmm\nSb-p-p. F--m km[Is-A-W-apd-nb-m `nb-pw P]-km[\Ifpw, GIm{-K-Xb-pw \naeambkz`mhhpw a{-km[\ ]-Xps-]-Xps- henb ]-cnh\-vCSs-ImSpp-p. \mw Chns-S Ns-N-p-Xv K-mb-{-Xna{-km[\s-b-pd-nmW-s-m. kqcy-s- k\mX\amb Du-Dd-hnSamW-v K-mb-{-Xna{-ns- t-ZhX. kXy-kamb-pwA-W-t-_-m[t-ms-Sb-pw B[y-mnIamb-n D-Xnb-nep Hcp km[

I\v A-kmam\y-amb {-]-mt-W-m-

hpw {-]-t-NmZ\hpw Znhy-{-]-Imi-hpwkhnXmhn \n-v CXp hg-n e`npw.am\knIamb Icppw, i-mco-cnIamb Ig-nhpIfpw am{-Xa, A-K-m[ambco-Xnb-n GXp hnj-b-nt-epws-hfnw ho-i-m Ig-nb-p A-km[mcW-amb A-t-\{-X CXphg-ne`npw.

a{-ns- ki-n HcpImev NnIn-b-vp t-]-mepw `mcXns-e Ej-nam D]-t-b-mK-nncp-p.a{-hn-m\ns- Xz-fn\n-v ISs--Spv a\pw i-co-chpw

A-kpJ-hnapamp ]-XnI`mcX n Dmb-ncp-p. a{-NnIn-b-ps-S hnIrXcq]- C-pw `mcXn ]-eb-nSpw {-]-NenXamW-v.CXn {-]-[m\amb-pw k-Zwi-\w,t-X-, \mb-, F--pImen F--nhb-n\n-p A-]-mb- F--nhb-vmW-v C-v D]-t-b-mK-np-Xv. a--nw, s-s-St-^-mb-vUv, A-]-kvamcw,l-n-o-cnb F--o t-cmK--v Cua{-NnIn D]-t-b-mK-nXmb-n ]-g-b-Ime Xmfnt-b-me {-K--fn \n-pa\nemmw. t-b-mK-hmknj-vTna{- NnIn-s-b-pd-nv hni-Zo-IcW- C-s-\ t-]-mIp-p. acp-ps-NSnb-mb l-mcm hb-d-v s-amni-pamn Zl-\i-n IrXy-amp-Xpt-]-ms-e am\knIamb GIm{-KXb-pw hni-zmkt-mSpw IqSn b-,c,e,hXpS-nb a{- i-co-cn Xo b-mb-pw am- krj-vSnpw.

Bb-pt-hZn Pnl-zs-bA-nN{-Is-a-mW-v hni-Zo-Icnn-p-Xv. P]-km[\b-ps-S l-h\IpW-vUs-a-pw Pnl-zs-b-pd-nv ]-d-b-md-pv.a{- i-mkv{-Xn A-t--m Hcp km[Is- P]-t-b-mK-ns- A-Snm\w

Pnl-zb-ns-e Cu DZmi-nb-ms-W--v t-hW-s-an ]-d-b-mw. a{- km[\s-Imv {-]-[m\amb-pw cp Imcy--fmW-v \Sp-Xv. H-mat-Xv A-Xpkm[Is- Np-p]-mSpap A-co--n am-apmIp-p. cmaXmb-nA-Xv km[Is- i-co-cn\Is-Du-t-I{--fmb N{-I-s-f Do-]-vXamp-p. Hcp IrXy-amb-nSvCcp-v IrXy-amb Xmft-_-m[t-ms-S s-N-p D]-mk\ km[Is-\A-Xo-{-nb-t-aJ-eIfnt-ev s-Imps-Ns-- nps-a-p Xo. XpSb-mb IrXy-amb Xmft-_-m[t-ms-S

b-p i-_-vZns- i-nb-n Hcpt-Imv hens-b-mcp Ccp-pI-ns-b

X-m ]-mIn\v i-n B-nps-a-v ]-co--W-i-meIfn \SK-t-hj-W--fn a\nemmIg-n-n-pv. Hcp s-s-S-v s-s-d- \mwF-Spm; s-s-S-vs-s-d- Io-b-n

\mw A-anb-m, \mw A-anbA-t-X Io-b-ps-S A--cw t-]- -d-nA- Snphcp-p. A-t-Xt-]-ms-e a{-i-_-vZ-fps-S I-\ \ps-Si-co-cns-e kq-va Du Dd-hnS-fmb \mUo-t-I{--fn Do-]-\wDmp-p. IrXy-amb K-pcp]-t-Zi-t-ms-S, \nj-vTt-b-ms-S Cu a{-P]-wXpScp Hcmfn \mw `u-XnIt-emIv a\nemt- hnhn[ t-\-h-pt-Ncpw. P]-npt--mg-p I-\w(vibrations) \n s-Nepp am-wHcp km[I\p am{-Xt-a D-s-m-m\mIq.

$

hnb-bnse tUm. e-oke-nIe-k\-ntbm (Dr. Leislier Lasanio)B-[-p-\-nI koIcW--fp-]-tbm-Kn -v G-hp-w {]-m-N-o\-a-m-b a-{-im-kv-{X n G-sdKthj-W-w \-Sn. tbm-Kbp-w"Hm-w' P-]-hp-w Xs tcm-KnIfn hcpnb a-m-w A-tls A-p-Xs-Sp- n.

a-{- icocnse B- -cnI {KnIfn D-m--nbhnkv-a-bIca-m-b a-m- B-[-p-\-nI im-kv-{XIm-cm-sct-m-e-p-w A-p-Xs-Sp- nbnp-v.

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A{Xbvp ]g-ap-tm\psS Irjnv

a

Irjn

tUm. B. tKm]naWn

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IrjnbpsS Ncn{Xw ]Tnbvp--hcn ]ecpw `mcXob ImjnI ]mc-cy-s A{Xsbmpw]g-ap--XXmbn IW-mn hcm-dn. ImjnIhr- nbpsS XpSw at[yjybntepw apw

sImpt]m-Ip ]WvUnXam hcm-lanlncm-Nm-cys _rlZvkwlnXbn ]cm-ain -npImiy-]s Irjn kqnsbp-dn v tInp Xs-bn. `mcXob ImjnIhr-nbpsS ]ucm-WnItemI-fntebvv shfnw hoip-IbmWv Irjnim-kv{X IqSnbmb teJI

bq{^okv \ZoXSnse Irjn

-\pj-y Irj-n Bcw`nXv \ho-\i-nemb-pK-Imems-W--v

]-m-mXy BNmcy--m F-g-pXnhXv`mcXo-bcmb \mw A-Sn hng-pt--Xns--v kqNn-np A-t-\Iw s-XfnhpI Ct--m e`nn-pv. \ho-\i-nemb-pK-Imew hy-XykvX t-Zi--fn hy-Xy-kvXams-W- A-d-nhmW-v

Irj-nb-ps-S s-s-]-XrIs-pd-np\ps-S A-t-\zj-W-s-f ]-pXnb Zni-Ifnt-ev Ct--m Xncnv hn-ps-Imncnp-Xv.

]-m-mXy i-mkv{-XNcn{-XImc-m ]-d-b-p-Xv Irj-nb-ps-S Bcw`ws-hd-pw ]t- m ]-{- t-m kl-{-km

--v ap]-v am{-Xams-W--mW-v;CXn\mb-n A-h \ncp s-XfnhpI A-\pkcnv C-s- Cd-m\pw

Cd-mJ-n\pw CSb-nemb-n InSp'Pmt-am' F- ]--W-n \n-pw Ipg-ns-Spn-p ]-u-cmW-nI Irj-nb-ps-S A-hi-n-s-f Nqn _-mfnb-pt-Sb-pw t-K-mX-nt-b-pw Irj-n A-hns-S]-{-v kl-{-km--v ap]-v\S-ncp-p F--v A-\pam\nmw

(mk 1956) s-s-S{-K-nkv \Znb-ps-SapI `mK- p Ip-pI \nd-Hcp {-]-t-Zi-amW-nXv. Chns-S \n-pw

Irjn

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W-nI D-s- --ncp-p F- Imcy-wCu cv hnfIfpw A--nhns-SIrj-n s-Nb-vXncp-p F--Xn\v s-XfnhmW-v. s-X-v i-mkap{-ZZzo-]-pIfn DZv`hnv ]-pcmW-Imev (3000hj-w ap-v) am{-Xw `mcXnFnb hnfb-mb-n-mW-v an ]-m-mXy]-u-ckvXy Irj-n i-mkv{-X--mcpw t-cJ-s--Spnb-n-pXv.t-hZ-fn H-nepw \mfnt-Ics-pd-np ]-cmai-w Cs- ImcW-w s-ImmW-v Cs-\s-b-mcp \nK-a\apmbXv. ]t--, ]-nmevcmPm acp`qanb-n \n-pw\mfnt-Icns- t-^-mknepI In

-nb-n-ps- kXy-w \ps-S ']-mT]-pkvXI Ncn{-XImeK-W-\Is-f'Bs-I XInSw ad-np H-mW-v.C-s- acp`qan Ces- h\enb-mb-ncp-ps-h hmkvXhw\apd-nb-mXt-m. ImcW-w,C-s- h\enIs-f \mfs-acp`qanIfmm s-h-p Hcp Xeapd-b-ns-e I-nIfmWs-m \mw!

a\pj-y-\nanXamb BZy-s-\mKcnI kwkvImcamb-ncp-p l-cs-amlPZmt-cm ]--W--fn\mw Is-nbXv. al-mkap{-ZXmnb-p b-m{-Xb-vpXIp

]-mb--epI \nanncp Hcp

]-n-o-Sv b-qs-{-^--nkv \Znb-ps-S Xo-c-fnt-ev Xmakw am-nb a\pj-y-cmW-v]-nmev s-aks--t--manb kwkvmcn\v A-Snd ]-mInbXv.Ct-X ImeL--n Cy D]-`qJ-ns- hSp ]-Sn-mdt-aJ-eb-n XpS-n s-Xt-m-v ]-S-vhy-m]-nncp knq \Zo-XS kwkvmcns- ]g-w F-{-Xs-b--vhy-amb-n CXphs-c Xn-s--SpnIg-n-n-ns-nepw A-s-Xmcp \mKcnIkwkvImcamb-ncp-ps-h-pw A-Xn\v]-n_-ew \Ins-mv A-W-s--pI m]-nv Pet-kN\w s-Imv]-pj-vIeamnb-ncp A-Xnhni-meamb t-K-mX-v s-\ hb-epIA-hnSpmb-ncp-p F--Xn\v Gs-ds-XfnhpI Dv. Cu t-aJ-eb-n\n-pw e`nn-p A-hi-n--fnt-K-mX-v, _-mfn, F-v, ]--mW-nb,Ip-fh-, Cu--\, ISpIvhK-, ]-cpn F-nh D-s--Sp-p. kap{-ZXocv \n-pw D-nt-ev ISmhp henb \ZnIfps-S(Hcp]-t- ]-nmev A-{-]-Xy--amb-) Xo-c-fnemb-n e-W-n\v

S [m\y- kq-nm ]-mIn\v hen-ap henb t-K-mUuW-pIfps-S A-nhmc s-s-khkwkvmc t-I{--fn kpe`ams-W--v am{-Xa Ccw e-fn\n-pw s-aks--t--manb kzW\mW-b-fpw e`nn-pv. CXn\vkamcamb-n s-aks--t--manb-b-n\n-pw Ipg-ns- Sp ]-u-cmW-nIA-hi-n--fn l-mc ap{-ZIfpwIs-nb-n-ps-t--mpI. s-aks--t--manb-b-n \n-pw A-mev hs-nb I-epIfn Ib--nA-b-ncp-Xv [m\y- Bb-ncp-p

F--v ImW-pt--m s-aks- -t--manb-b-n t-K-mX-v Irj-n Bcw`nXvs-s-kh t-aJ-eb-n A-Xv A-Xnhn]-peamb t-XmXn hy-m]-nXn\v t-i-j-w am{-Xams-W-pw \apv A-\pam\nt-nb-ncnp-p.

t-a-t-bd-nb ]-cpnhkv{-X-v `mcXw A-mew apXt-t-I-hnt-I-ncp-p F--Xn\v s-XfnhmW-v ]-cpns-SnI-v _-m_-nt-emW-nb-b-n 'knp's-h-pw {-K-o-kn 'knt-Um' F-pw t-]-cv In-nbXv!l-mc J-\\ hkvXpfn amXfw, \mfnt-Icw F--o ^-e-fps-S

cq]-n \nans- - [mcmfw `c

P\Xb-mb-ncp-p A--hns-S hknncp-s-X-Xn\v ]-e s-XfnhpIfpw Is-m Ig-n-n-pv. \mfnt-Icnt-b-pw Gj-y ]-cpnb-n\-fpt-Sb-pwhnpI t-]-d-n Ncn{-XmXo-XImes-t--m Cy-bn \n-p IpSnt-b- Cu-Pn]-vXnt-eb-vpw A-hns-S\n-pw A-t-acnb-nt-epw \S-ncnW-s-a-v ]-t-cm-amb-n s-Xfnb-npNne hnhc \mfnt-Icnt-b-pw]-cpnb-pt-Sb-pw kky-i-mkv{-X]-cambNne {-]-t-Xy-IXIfps-S ]T\neqs-SC-v \apv e`y-amb-n-pv. ]t--, A-Xns- hni-Zmwi--fnt-ev t-]-mIpwap-v Ncn{-XmXo-XImev Gj-y hI

cb-n \n-pw A-t-acn Xo-ct- vI k-mcw \S-Xn\p s-XfnhpIfmW-v \apv ]cnt-i-m[nt-Xv.

N-cn{Xm-XoIme-ska-p-{Z-bm{X

Ncn{-XmXo-XImev Gj-y-b-n\n-pw A-XnkwkvIrXcmb Hcp P\hn`mK-w ]-cpnhkv{-Xfpw ]-cpnhnpw \mfnt-Icns- hnpwhl-nps-Imv A-t-acnb-n F- nA-hns-S A-kvs-SIvamb kwkvmc ]-Sppbns-b- A-`y-ql-whni-zk\o-b-amIW-s-an kpZoLam

b Hcp kap{-Zb-m{-X kpkm[y-amIpwhn

PictureCourtesy:arm6.staticickr.com

A{Xbvp]gapt

m\psSIrjnv

tamltPm-Zmtcm

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[w {-]-mIrXnIamb ISs-emg-ppIDs--v s-Xfnb-nt-nb-ncp-p. CXn\v t-hnb-mW-v 1969 't-Xml-ns-bZm' F t-\mho-Pnb kmlknIk-mcn 'd-m F-Ivkvs-]-Unj' F--vt-]-cn Hcp kmlknI kap{-Zb-m{-Xb-vv Hcps--Xv. Cu-Pn]-vXnkarnb-mb-n hfcp HcpXcw t-Imc-ps-Snb-mW-v ']-m-ndkv' CXns-XpI s-I-n t-b-mPn-npmnbHcp N-mSn a-v Gg-v t-]-t-cms-Sm-w t-Xml-ns-bZm Cu-Pn]-vXns-e 'km^-n' Xpd-apJ-p \n-pw

]-pd-s---v ISs-emg-ppIfps-S am{-Xwkl-mb-m kzb-w \nb-{- ns-t-XmW-nb-n A-]ISw GXpt-a IqSms-X cv amkw s-Imv A-t-acnXo-cv s-Ns-n! hSpt-\mnb-{- ns- t-]-mepw kl-mb-anms-X{-]-mNo-\ a\pj-y-\v Gj-y-\m{-^-nXocv \n-pw A-t-acn hIcb-nt-ev hnPb-Icamb kap{-Zb-m{-XI\Sm\mhps-a-v A-s-\ s-Xfnb-ns---p.

A-Xn{-]-mNo-\s-a-v hnt-i-j-n-nmhp Ccw Gj-y A-t-acn _-n\p Ghpwi-amb s-Xfnhv ]-cpns-Snb-ps-St-{-ImakL-S\b-ps-S {-]-t-Xy-IXb-s-{-X.Cy-b-n {-]-mNo-\amb-p ]-cpnb-n\w (t-Zi-n-cpn) 26 t-{-Imak-fp Zznt--mb-vUv 't-K-mkn-nb-wBt-_-md-nb-w' kv]-o-j-o-ks-{-X. A-t-Xkab-w 18-mw \q-mn {-_-n-o-j-pImA-t-acnb-n\n-pw Cy-b-nt-evIpSnt-b-nb C\w ]-cpns-b 'It--mUnb-m-cpn' s-b--mW-v hnfnpXv. CXn t-Zi-n-cpnb-ps-SCc-ns-b--w t-{-Imak (2n= 52)Dv. 't-kmt-g-vkv' F- kky-i-mkv

{-X A-d-p]-XpIfn \Snbt-{-Imak]T\-fn \n-pw s-Xfn A-pXIcamb Hcp hkvXpX,Ncn{-XmXo-XImes-t--m Gj-y-b-ns-e Zznt--mb-vUv ]-cpnb-n\A-t-acnb-n F-ns- --v A-hnSpmb-ncp Zznt--mb-vUv h\y-]-cpnb-n\hpamb-n kcW-w \S-v Dmbkcs-Snb-n BIkvanIamb-nt-{-Imak Cc-n kw`hnpmb-XmW-v It--mUnb-m-cpns-b--s-{-X!\mcp\o-fap Cu NXpt--mb-vUv]-cpnb-n\ns-e ]-IpXn t-{-Imak Gj-y ]-cpnb-ns-et--ms-e

s-Nd-pXpw _-mn A-t-acn ]-cpn

b-ns-et--ms-e \o-fap-Xpas-{-X! C-v\mw Irj-n s-N-p an ImjnIhnfIfpw Ccn {-]-mIrXnIkcWhpw XpS-p t{ImakCc-nepw apt-J-\b-mW-v Dcpncn-n-p-s-X-v \apd-nb-mw. a\pj-y-{-]-hmk\ Xs--b-mW-v Ccw`qJ-mc kky-IpSnt-b---v]-n-n F- Imcy-w Ct--m kphnZnXamW-v. C-v t-Icfn hn]-peamb-n Irj-n s-N-s--Sp h apfIv(s-ImapfIv)-, \neSe, ]--mb-,aco-\n, d, Ii-pamhv, s-s-IX,

t-Xb-ne, Im-n XpS-nb hnfIs-fmwXs- hnt-Zi-nI-s-m-w Chnt-Svs-Imphcs---hb-s-{-X. ]t--, Chns-S \ps-S khnt-i-j {-i- ]-Xnt-b- Hcp Imcy-w Cy-b-n \n-pw]-cpnb-pw h\y-\mfnt-Icb-n\fpwA-t-acn Xocv F-nbXv Ncn{-XmXo-XImes-t--m Bb-ncp-ncnW-s-a hkvXpXb-mW-v. ImcW-w,Gj-y Zznt--mb-vUv ]-cpnb-pwA-t-acn Zznt--mb-vUv ]-cpnb-pwXn kzm`mhnI kcWhpw XpS-v kzm`mhnIamb 'NXpt--mb-vs-s-Ut-kj\pw' (Zznt--mb-vUv Cc-nv56 t-{-Imakap C\w DmIp A-h) \SW-s-an A-t-\Ikl-{-km- Ig-nt-b-Xpv. A-t--m`mcX D]- qJ-ns- hSp]-Sn-md t-aJ-eb-n BZy-amb-nDZb-ws-Im \mKcnI am\h kwkvmcn\v (knqXS kwkvmcw)A-Xnt-es-d ]-g-w Dmt-Inb-ncnp-p. A-t-acnb-n s-Imfw_-kv ImepIpp-Xn\pw F{-Xt-b-mkl-{-km- ap-v Xs- Gj-yB{-^-n t-aJ-eb-n\n-p A-

XnkwkvIrX Nncmb Hcp Iq-wBfpI ISeneqs-S k-cnv A-t-acn hIcb-ns-enb-ncp-p F--vkqNn-np s-XfnhpI Ct- -m\apv e`y-amW-v. kqcy-t-\b-pw a-v{-]-IrXn i-nIt-fb-pw acn Bmt-fb-pw Bcm[np s-aIvknt-mhns-e 'Bkvs-SIv'Ifpt-Sb-pw 'ab'hK-mcpt-Sb-pw kwkvmc-vs-s-l-hmNmc-fpamb-n {-]-ISambNne kmZri-y- Ds- kXy-wIW-ns-eSppt--m kl-{-km--v ap]-v A-t-acn hIcb-n Fnb P\hn`mK-w Cy-b-n

\n-pw Dhnh Xs--b-mImt-\hg-nb-p-q F--v ImW-mw. CXns-\km[qIcnp-XmW-v A-Spns-S]-qnb-mnb 'am\h Po-t-\mw' ]T\-fpw.

am\h Po-t-\mw ]T\-fps-Shni-Zmwi- kvs-]k s-hkv(2003-) F- P\nXI i-mkv{-XcNn 'Zn t-PW-n Hm^-vam' F-{-K--n hmb-nmhp-XmW-v. CX\pkcnv a\pj-y-cmi-nb-ps-S DhwB{-^-n `qJ-nemb-ncp-p.\aps-mhpw IqSnb-p 'BZnaamXmhm'b-n 'eqkn' F-s--mcp km

ev]-nI kv{-Xo-s-bs- K-t-hj-IPictureCourtesy:en.wikipedia.org

kvs]kshkv

`m-cXnse ]-ucmW-nIIr-j-nsb-n khnkv-Xca-m-bhnhc Xcp- Hcp A-Xn{]-mN-o\ C- -y Ir-Xnbs{X'Ir-j-nkq-n.' hcm-la-nlncs '_rlXv kwlnX'bn'Ir-j-nkq-n'sb {Kka-p-

-bs-n A-t\-Iw ]-cm-a

i Im-W-m-w. _rlZ-v kwlnXbp-sS Im-eL-w _n.kn.Am-w \-q-m-m-sW--m-W-vIcp-Xs-Sp-Xv. ]t, hcm-la-nlnc Xs cN-\-I--vB-[-m-ca-m--p- 'Ir-j-nkq-n'bp-sS ]g-w F{Xsb-vBcp-w C-Xphsc Xns-Sp-nbnns--Xm-W-v hkv-Xp-X.

Irjn

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Nqnm-p-pv! C-v `qapJ- vPo-hnp kIe a\pj-y-cpt-Sb-pwamXmhmb-n B{-^-nb-n GXms-mcp e-w hj-w ap-v Po-hnncp-ps-h-v kev]-np 'eqkn' b-ps-S]-napd-m 60-,000 hj--vap-v IqSpX Bl-mckarambt-Zi- t-XSn kpZoLams-b-mcp{-]-hmk\ns-\mcps--p. Ch BZy-amb-n IpSnt-b-d-nb-Xv Cy D-s--Sp s-Xt-\j-y t-aJ-eb-nemb-ncp-p. XpS-p kl-{-km--fn

B{-^-nb-n \n-p IqSpXa\pj-y a[y]-qt-j-y-b-nt-epwXpS-v s-X s-s-N\m t-aJ-eb-nt-epw hy-m]-nphs-{-X. Irj-nb-ps-Ss-s-]-XrIw A-t-\zj-np \s-kw_-nnSt-mfw 'kvs-]ks-hkv' A-t-\Iw P\nXIs-fnhpIfps-S A-ISnt-b-ms-S hnhcnpCu am\h {-]-hmk\ IYb-ns-e ImXemb `mK-w, I-nv 10-,000 s-Im-v ap-v am{-XamW-v a\pj-y-hmkw b-qt-d-m-nt-ev hy-m]-ns-XhkvXpXb-mW-v. l-nab-pK-ns-A-hkm\n l-na]-mfnI DcpIn

a-v s-hfns--Sm b-qt-d-m-n\v Gs-dImncnt-nh-ps-h-XmW-nXn\vImcW-w. C-s-\ s-hfns-- a-n]--pI ]-S-Xv ]-v kl-{-km--v ap]-v am{-XamW-v. CmcW-w s-ImmW-v Irj-nb-ps-S DZv`hw\hi-nemb-pK-nemb-ncp-ps-h-vkXnpt--ms- Cy-b-nA-Xns- ImeL-S\ b-qt-d-m-nt-eb-pwhS A-t-acnb-nt-eb-pw {-]-mIrXa\pj-y {-]-hmk\-fps-S ImeL--n \n-pw Gs-d kl-{-km--v ap]-mb-ncp-ps-h-v \mw A-\pam\nt-nhcp-Xv.

Iiy]-s Ir-j-nkqn`mcXns-e ]-u-cmW-nI Irj-n

s-b--n khnkvXcamb hnhcXcp Hcp A-Xn{-]-mNo-\ CyIrXnbs-{-X 'Irj-nkqn.' hcml-anl-ncs- '_-rl-Xv kwl-nX'b-n'Irj-nkqn's-b- {-K--kapb-s- --n A-t-\Iw ]-cmai- ImW-mw. _-rl--wl-nXb-ns-e Hcp apJ-yA-y-mb-amW-v 'hr-mb-pt-hZw.'Irj-nb-ps-S hnhn[ t-aJ-eIs-f kv]i-np Hcm[nImcnI t-cJ-b-mW-v

'hr-mb-pt-hZw' CXn\m[mcamb A-Snm\{-K--s-a \neb-nemW-v \mwIi-y-]-hncNnXamb 'Irj-nkqn's-bImt-W-Xv. _-rl-Zv kwl-nXb-ps-SImeL--w _-n.kn. A-mw \q-mms-W--mW-v IcpXs--SpXv. ]t--,hcml-anl-nc Xs- cN\I-vB[mcamp 'Irj-nkqn'b-ps-S]g-w F-{-Xs-b--v Bcpw CXphs-cXn-s- -Spnb-n-ns--XmW-v hkvXpX. \nj-[\nK-qV {-K--kapb--fps-S Imemhmw Irj-nkqnb-pwhncNnXambXv. t-hZ-fnepw ]-pcmW--fnepw ]-cmai-ns--Sp

Imi-y-]-ap\n Xs--b-mW-v A-Xns-Ims-hn A-Xns- ]g-wA-t-\Ikl-{-km- F-t- IcpXmhq.

Irj-nb-ps-S {-]-m[m\y-s-pd-nmW-v Imi-y-] BZy-amb-n Xs-{-K--n hnhcnpXv. "`qapJ-v Po-hnp CcpImenIfpw \mmenIfpamb Fm Pppwkpncamb-pw kwXr]-vXamb-pw\ne\nW-s-an Chns-S \mwkky-Pmes- kw]-p-amb-n ]-cn]-ment-Xpv. kky-t-emIns-\miw Ppt-emIns- \mi-nt-emW-v hg-ns-hb-vpI. A-Xn\m

cmPm-mcpt-Sb-pw A-hcps-S {-][m\Dt-Zy-mK--mcpt-Sb-pw khnt-i-j{-i- ]-Xnt-b- hnj-b-amW-v Irj-n.a\pj-ypw Pppw am{-Xa't-ZhX'Ifpt-Sb-pw \ne\n]-n\v Irj-nBhi-y-amW-v. ImcW-w, a\pj-y t-ZhXI-v \nt-hZnp hkvXpImj-nt-Imev]---fmW-s-m. AXps-Imv, km[mcW-m am{-Xa{-_-mWcmb ]-pt-cml-nXcpw Irj-ns-Xmg-nemb-n kzo-IcnW-w'' (Ii-y]s- Cu \nt-i Cu Ccp]n

s-b-m-mw \q-mns- BZy-]-mZ-fnepw AXo-h {-]kw Xs--bs-?)t-as-mSp Irj-nkqn hm

Iy- \apv Xcp kt-i-w hfs-c hy-amW-v. s-Xmg-ns-e \neb-nIrj-nv A-Xy-p-Xamb Hcp ]-Zhnb-mW-v Ii-y-] \IpXv. Irj-n-W-nI ]-XnXzam H-ms-W- kqN\ t-]-mepw Irj-nkqnb-ns-e-pwImW-m Ig-nb-p-ns--v hcml-anl-nc BW-b-nSp-p! -{-XnbD-s--s-S \mev hW--fnep-hcpwIrj-nb-n X]-ccmt-IXps--vIrj-nkqnImhv \nhni-w

{-]-J-y-m]-np-p. Ccp-pw s-N-pw a-pkct-eml-fpw t-i-J-cnv t-eml- -W-nmv hnXcW-w s-Nb-vXvA-hs-cs-mv b-pn\p Bb-p[-s-m-w Irj-nv t-h ]-W-nb-mb-p[fpw Dmns-b-Spm\pNpaXeb-mW-v Ii-y-] -{-Xnbv\IpXv. Irj-n IqSpX e-fnt-ev A-Xn{-ZpXw hy-m]-n-np-Xn\p A-Snm\ {-]-{-Inb-b-mW-vImj-nt-Im]-cW--fps-S \nanXns-b--v Ii-y-] ]-d-b-p-pv.

Irj-nb-ps-S kmt-XnIhi--s-m-w A-Xns- ]-cn]-me\ (Manage-ment)apd-Ipw Ii-y-] {-]-m[m\y-w

PictureCourtesy:beautiulplacestovisit.com

XoctZ-iw-sXp-Ifp-SsS kzm`m-hnI Bhm-ktI{--

A{Xbvp]gapt

m\psSIrjnv

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\Ip-pv. Hcp]-t- Irj-nb-namt-\Pvs-av XXz-p {-]-m[m\y-w {]Xn]mZnp t-emIs-BZy enJ-nX t-cJ-b-mImw Irj-nkqn. CXns-e a-p hni-Zmwi-C-s-\ kw{-K-l-nmw.

Irj-nb-nSfpw A-hb-ps-S kw]-p-npd-hnSamb ImenhK-fpw]-cn]-qWamb kwc-W- n\v hnt-[b-amt-Xpv. amd-namd-nhcpFm EXpfnepw Irj-nb-nSfpwImen--fpw ]-cni-oe\w knnkq-n-pImcps-S t-at-\m-nem

b-ncnW-w (CXn\-w A-mevXs- Imj-nI ]-cn]-me\w ]Tn-np hnZy-meb- Dmb-ncp-ps-hs-?) Irj-n ]-cn]-me\Xz-s-f Imi-y-] C-s-\ hni-ZamIp-p:"Ij-I ]-ckv]-chni-zmknepwkl-IcW-nepw hnt-XvA-hcps-S Xs- Bhi-y-amW-v. hb-epI b-ms-Xmcp ImcW-hi-mepwXcni-nScpXv. hnv, Dg-hv amSpI-,Ie-, a-s-h-n, A-cnhm XpS-nbImj-nt-Im]-IcW-, If-pcI-,t-henI-, Pet-kN\t- mSpI-,

XendI-, Ipf-, t-Pmenmcps-SXmmenI hmke XpS-nb-hb-mW-v kq-n-pImcps-S {-]-t-Xy-I{-i-b-vv ]-m{-Xamt-IXv. t-a]d--h ]-cn]-qW-amb-n kwc-ns--Sps-a-v Dd- -ps-n Ij-Iv kam[m\t-ms-S Po-hnmIg-nb-pw.''

s\-v a-p-X\-m-fntIcw hsc

Irj-nkqnb-n G-hpa[nIw]-cmai-ns---n-p-Xv s-\mW-v.s-\ns- A-t-\Iw C\-s-f--n

CXn hnhcnp-pv. IqSms-X Aac, Dg-p-v, s-Nd-p]b, ISe, apXnc,F-v, \mfnt-Icw (s-X-v)-, Incn,hg-pXn\, ]-mh, ]-Shew, Ip-fhK-, a, Gew, IpcpapfIv,a-, C-n, amhv, -mhv, Pm-,\mcIhK- XpS-n H-t-\IwImj-nI hnfhpIfps-S Irj-nco-XnI Irj-nkqnb-n hnhcnp-pv. CXv hmb-nm Ii-y-]-ap\n Po-hnncp-Xv t-Icfnemb-ncp-pt-hmF--v \apv kwi-b-w t-Xm-mw! ]t--, t-Imke t-Zi-amW-v Xs- P-\ms-S-v Ii-y-] Xd- -nv HcnSv

]-d-b-p-pv. Hcp]t--, -A-mev

hSt- Cy-b-ps-S `qani-mkv{-Xw \man-v ImW-p-Xn \n-pw XnIpwhy-Xy-kvXamb H-mb-ncp-ncnW-w.cmPm A-mev \n_-nU h\-fm k--amb-ncp Hcp {-]-t-Zi-amb-ncp-phs-{-X. A-hns-S s-X-pwIpcpapfIpw, Gehpw karnb-mb-nhnf-ncp-p. cmPm h\-fp

s-S ]-nXpS C-v s-Xt-b-s-]--naL--w hs-c hy-m]-nncp-ncnW-w. \m-n\ms- t-N-p\ne-fnDcpncn (i-c\mb, 2008-)s-\hnn\ s-Xp\n-pw hSt-mt--mhmw hy-m]-nXv. s-X-ns-hwi-w cmPms- acphcW-t-ms-S Ip-nb--p t-]-mb-ncnmw. ]-nmev s-X-ns- h\y-cq]-Dcpncn-Xv a[y A-t-acn kap{-ZXo-c-fnemb-ncp-p. A-hns-S\n-pwhnv t-XpI ISs-emg-pns---vi-m kap{-ZZzo-]-pIfn F-n Imj-nIb-n\-fmb-n hnIknps-h-pw

GXm\pw kl-{-km--v ap-vkml-knIcmb Hcp hn`mK-w P\N-mS-fn Ib-d-n hnp t-X-Ifpamb-n {-i-o-e Zzo-]-n hmkapd--nps-h-pw ]-n-o-Sv A-hns-S \n-pws-Xt-b-ny-b-ns-e ]--na]-qXo-c-fn A-h s-X-p Irj-nb-pamb-n s-Ns--ns-b--pamW-v s-X-nsDhs---nb-p B[p\nIIs-epI. F--m Ncn{-XmXo-XImev Cy-b-n \n-pw A-t-acnb-nt-ev IpSnt-bd-nb BfpIBb-ncnmw cmPm\n karamb-n hf-ncp s-X-pIfn \n-pw

t-i-J-cn hnpI a[y A-t-acn

Xocv F-ns-X-v IcpXp-Xn ]-e b-pnIfpapv. Cy-b-nDhns-nepw Chns-S Ip-nb-pt-]-mIb-pw A-\y-\mSpIfn \n-p hopwChns-S Xncns- pIb-pw s-Nb-vXas--mcp hnfb-mW-v 'kmcw H^-nkn\mcw' kv]-o-j-o-kns- - 't-\m_-nIcn-n\'. Xn\v \ -hhpwIqSpX ]--kmcb-pw A-S-nbt-\m_-n Icn-n\w Cy-b-n s-Imph-Xv {-_-n-o-j-pImcmW-v. ]-t-CXns- Dhw Cy-b-n Bb-ncp

-ps-h-v ]-n-o-Sv kwi-b-mXo-Xamb-ns-Xfnb-ns---n-pv. hens-b-mcp t-cmK--Sb-vv hnt-[b-amb-n Cu Icn-n\w kl-{-km--v ap-v Cy-b-n \n-pw A-{-]-Xy--amb-ncp-p. ]t--, A-Xn\pw apt--, Chns-S \n-pw]-cpnb-pw \mfnt-Ichpw s-\pwt-K-mX-ps-ams-b-mb-n i-mkap{-ZZzo-]-pIfnt-ev Ipt-d-t- IpSnt-b-d-nb-ncp-Xmb-n Icpt-Xnb-ncnp-p.Ccn Hcn Cy-b-nDmb-ncpXpw ]-n-o-Sv A-{-]-Xy--ambXpw hopw Xncns- nb-Xpamb\mfnt-Icnt-b-pw ]-cpnb-pt-Sb-pw

Icn-nt-b-pw at-mfnt-b-pw{-]-hmk\ Ncn{-X ]-cnK-W-npt--m Irj-nb-ps-S Cu--nw CyXs--b-ms-W--v \apv Xob-mt-n hcp-p. almb Cu Imj-nIkwkvImcns- P\b-nXmfmb\mw A-Xn\\pkcnp Bm-X C-v Irj-nb-n ImW-np-pt-ms-b-Xv Nnmlamb Hcp 'a--nannb-' t-NmZy-amW-v! C-s-n \ms-f\mw CXn\v Hcpcw \t-Inhcpw. Xo. $

kqNI {K

1. Clausen, R.E. 1956, The origin o Culti

vated plants, Willey & sons, New York

2. Spencer Wells, 2002. The journey o

man, Prinecton city, Press, U.S.

3. Thor Heyer dal, 1974. The 'Ra'

Expedition, Holt Rinehart, New york.4. hn. i-c\mb, 2008-, s\pw kwkvIr

Xnb-pw, t-Icf `mj-m Ckv-n-y-q-v, Xncph\]-pcw.

5. Randhawa, M.S. 1980. A History o Agri-

culture in India, Vol I., ICAR, New Delhi.

6. Saunders, J.W. 1961 The Species o

Gossypium, Oxord University Press,

London

PictureCourtesy:openlibrary.org

Irjn

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lm`mcXmXamb KhZvKoXHt--s-d ]T\-v hnt-[b-amb-n

g-n-n-p {-K--amW-v. Ipcpt--{-Xb-pfn _-ps-f Iv]-cn-o-W-\mb-n \n A-p\

"Rm b-pw s-N-pIb-ns--pwcmPy-w F-\np t-hs--pw ]d--v'' hne]-npt--m A-p\s-\al-m`mcXm-Xamb `K-hZvK-o-XD]-t-Zi-nv `K-hm kt-ml- n\n-v am-pIb-pw t-aml-w \ambA-p\ Hcn Xms-g ho-W-Xpw,]-n-o-s-Smcn t-_-m[]-qw hen

s-d-n-Xps-a-v K-o-Xb-ns-kqNn-np-Xpamb K-mo-hw I-ns-eSpv `K-hms- hN\s- A-wK-o-Icnps-Imv b-pw s-N-pIb-pw[o-c\mb-n cmPy-w t-\SpIb-pw s-Nb-vXpF- co-Xnb-nep hy-mJ-y-m\-fmW-v{-]-kvXmht-b-mK-y-fmb K-o-Xm]T\-fns-emap-Xv.

`KhZvKoXm-]-T\w

bp-sm-Xn-bpsSXz-im-kv{Xtam`Kh-Z-v-K-oX ?

kzman \na-em-\--Kncn

alcmPv

a-

Picture

Courtesy:indiawires.com

`KhZvKoXsbp-dn v hnp ]T\-v IW-n. ]Tn -hcpw ]Tnm- hcpw Hcp Imcyw ]dbp-pv -KoX bps XSbp-n, ]t t{]mm-lnnp-p-apv . bpsm-XnbpsS Xzim-kv{XamWv KoX Fp-hsc KoXsb hnain -hcpv. `KhZvKoXsb Xopw hyXy-kvXamb `qan

Ibn \npw t\mnm-Wp-IbmWv k\ym-knhcy-\m-b kzman \nem-\--Kncn alm-cm-Pv.

bpsmXnbpsSXzimkv{Xtam`KhZvKoX?

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"_-ps-fmW-v A-p\ Xf-ncp-Xv'' F--p]-d-b-p-Xv kamZcW-o-bamb `K-hZvK-o-Xb-ns-e hmpI-v hncpamW-v.ImcW-w A-p\ _-ps-f Xf-Xv.

AXpt-]-ms-e Xs--, `K-hms-hmpI-v hncpamb-mW-v A-p\ Bb-p[w DbnbXpw b-pw s-Nb-vXXpw.

`K-hZvK-o-Xb-n\n-pw al-m`mcXn \n-pw t-h{-X s-XfnhpI\ncn BNmcy--m]-mc-cy-k{--Zmb--fn K-o-X ]TnpIb-pw ]Tn-npIb-pw s-Nb-vXn-p BNmcy--mhfs-c apt- Xs- Chs-b-ms-m]-nn-p-XpamW-v.

kIe b-p-pap A-\paXn \nt-j-[np {-K--amW-v`K-hZvK-o-X. AXps-ImmW-v Bb-p[wI-ns-eSpm Hcp t-Xcmfn b-pfns- ay-n s-hpXs-A-Xv D]-t-Zi-nXv. Xs- Po-hnXnb-pfns- ay- nt-]-mepwK-pcpIpew am{-Xt-ab-p-qs-h-pw, b-pw X\nns--pw, b-pnt-es-m

cmfps-amcnepw t-]-mIcps-X-pw,b-pfnepw kam[m\n\mW-v{-]-kns-b-pw t-emIs-c t-_-my-s--Spphm kam[m\ns-kImes-b-pw Nnamb s-h-Ifmb IpXncIt-fmSpIqSnb cYnF-nb-Xpw.

ZrvZri-y-hnt-hIw h-n-nm Hcp hy-nv Cu Zri-y-{-]-]--amW-v kXy-amb-p-s-Xt--mpPo-hnpt--m Hcp Imev i-cns-b--p t-Xm-p-, hni-zknp Imcy- as--mcp Imes- hnImcn\vA-Sns- --v amd-pIb-ns--p ]-d-b-m\m

hn. ]-pcpj-mb-pns- GXmv 119hb-ns-en\np Hcp ht-b-mhrs-\ò-j-va]-nXmal-s-\NqnmW-nps-Imv hy-mk Cu kXy-w\s- t-_-my-s--Spp-p.

]Xns-\m-v A--u-l-nW-nb-pIuchs-s-k\y-ns- ks-s-k\y-m[n]-\mb-n Bb-p[-fpt-anb-pt-m-pI\mb-n ò-j-va \np-XmW-v al-m`mcXb-pmcw`n\mw ImW-p-Xv. 119 kwh-cA-t-l-w hp ]-penb Bi-b--s-fmw ]-ckv]-c`n--fmW-v. A-t-l-w D]-t-Zi-nm F-s-\ kaql-w

i-cnb-mIpw? A-t-l- n\v [s-

--nb-d-nb-mw, A-[s---nb-d-nb-mw.[s- --n Hcn ]-d-b-p-X]-ns--mcn ]-d-b-pXv! kzPo-hnXn ImW-nX ]-n-o-Sv Xmi-ci--b-n Dcmb-\hpw ImpInSpt--m ]-u{-Xt-\mSvb-p[nj-vTnct-\mSv ]-d-Xv. Imi-ncmPy-s-kzb-whca]-n kmwK-kpcnIfpw km`cW-hn`qj-nXIfpambA-w_b-pw A-w_-nIb-pw A-w_-menIb-pw I-n hcW-amey-hpt-anawaw ]h\o-et-Xh kmezs-khn[nt-ep \o--pt--mg-mW-v\nXy-{-_-Nmcnb-mb K-wK-mZò-j-va_-emmcamb-n Ahs-c]-nSnps-ImphcpXv. A-s-\s-N-pt-Xm cmPb--vamhp ]-nSnv\nXy-t-cmK-nb-mb-n InSp hnNn{-Xho-cy cmPmhn\p t-hnb-pw!

`mcXn A--p \ne\n-ncp GXp [\o-XnI s-h]-{-K-Ynmepw A-\pNnXhpw A-]-ISIchpamb Hcp s-Nb-vXnb-mb-ncp-p AXv.A-t--m A-t-l-w s-hp ]-penb-ncp [\o-Xn t-emI\o-XnI-vt-Ncp-Xmb-ncp-n.

C\n t-emI\o-Xn hnSmw. kzw \o-Xnp \ncpt-am F--p ]cnt-i-m[nmw. i-ci--b-n InSpò-j-va Xs- ]-u-{-X\mb b-p[nj-vTnct-\mSp ]-d--p: "cm{-Xnb-ps-S A- y-b-man t-]-mepw kmwK-kpcnb-pw km`cW-hn`qj-nXb-pambHcp t-b-mj-nv (kv{-Xo-) hnP\ambcmPho-Ynb-n InS-pd--pt--mg-pwA-hfps-S kznt-\m, am\nt-\m`wK-w hcm cmPy-w Dahpw A-Xp`cnp cmPmhv Da\pamW-v.'' b-p[nj-vTnc\v ò-j-va anK-o-X D]-t-Zi-np-Xn\p s-Xm-pap-v ]-d-ps-ImSp

p-XmW-nXv.Cu D]-t-Zi-w t-I-p \n ]-m-menv kwi-b-w t-Xm-n t-NmZnp:"cPkzeb-mb-ncp Xs- {-]-ISamb cmPkZn Hcp ]-u-{-XZp-mk\henngps-Imph-vhkv{-Xmt--]-w \Snb t-hfb-n,]-nXmal-m, Ft- Cu \o-Xn s-Nmns-mSpn?''

ò-j-va Dchpw DS \In:"A--v Rm Zpt-cy-m[\s- t-Nmd-pv F-s- a\v Iepj-nXamb-ncp-p.C-v A--pI s-Imv B cwhm-pt-]-mb-t- -m t-_-m[w Dm

bXps-Imp ]-d-b-pIb-mW-v.''

C-s-\ t-\mpt--m ò-j-vacps-S [ F-{-X XhW amd-nF--p ImW-m Ig-nb-pw. AXpt-]-ms-e Xs- Ir]-cps-S b-p[nj-vTncs-,A-p\s- F--p t-hm Bb-pfn F- n\np-hcn Irj-vW-s-\mg-ns-I as-mhcps-Sb-pw [\o-XnI amd-p-Xms-W--v \apv a\nemIpw. A-Xns-\Imen\p-n, t-Zi-n\p-n,Nnb-vp-nA-Xmb-Xv hy-np-nIme]-cnO-n-hpw, t-Zi-]-cn

O-n-hpw, Po-h]-cnO-n-hpamb-n ]-cnK-W-npt--m A-Xn\v i-mkv{-Xob-XDmhpw. ]-t- A-h ]-ckv]-chncp-fmW-v. Imew amd-pt--m hncp-fmIp-h, hy-n amd-pt--mhncp-fmIp-h t-Zi-w amd-pt--mhncp-fmIph!

F-hns-S Ime, t-Zi-, hy-nI-Xo-Xamb Hcp kXy-apt-m A-hns-Sam{-Xs-a i-mnb-p-q. Ime]-cnO-nhpw t-Zi-]-cnO-nhpw hy-n]-cnO-n-hpamb kXy--v ]-cakXy-ns- apJ-w \In Hcnepwam\pj-y-Iw i-mn t-\SpIb-n.

Ipcpt--{-X b-pfn\n-hs-cmw A-i-mcmW-v. kzwIg-nhn hni-zmkanmXps-ImmW-v I-nep Bb-p[-fn hni-zmkhpamb-n A-h F-nb-n-pXv.A-hmpw Xs- kzw t-_-m[nt-em, A-hchcn Xs-s-b-mhni-zmkan. A-h s-Imph-n-p'Cncnt--m' (Xpfmb-)Bb-p[-fn am{-XamW-v hni-zmkw. F--mA-hs-b-ms-s- Hcp Imet-b-vp am{-Xw X-p]-t-b-mK-nIg-nb-p-Xms-W-pw ImemXo-Xamb

i-mn \Im A-hs-b-m-pw Xs-

PictureCourtesy:www.asebj.org

`KhZvKoXm]T\w

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]-cy-m]-vX-fs--pw A-hcmcpwXs- a\nemnb-ncp-n. al-m`mcXn Cu kXy-w A-p\\vt-_-my-amns-mSpp Hcp k`w hy-mk h-np-pv.

X-v F-mepw Xm-pwXW-epamb-n \n-ncp {-i-o-Irj-vW-s- kz-mt-cml-W-w Ig-n-v, ZzmcIs-b ISem{-Iant-i-j-w b-p[nj-vTncs-\nt-i-a\pkcnv t-`mP hrj-vW-y-I \mcnams-cb-pw Iq-n A-p\l-kvXn\]-pcnb-nt-ep ]-pd-s--p.]--\Zn s-hv X-n-d-nmcmb

Im-mf-mcpamb-n G-papt--nhcp-pv. Ipcpt--{-Xb-p`qanb-ns-hv Xs- kmXncnamb t-\-s-as---nb-ncp A-s--mSp-mA-t-X Bh\mg-nb-n A-p\s-s-Ib-n-t- -m Hcp A-pt-]-mepapmb-n. {-]-Iramb Xs- hnvK-mo-hwIpet-b--m\pw Ig-n-n.ho-c\mb-, [o-c\mb-, t-]-Snhcph\v'A-p\- p\ma' P]-nmaXn DS t-]-Snb-Iepw F--v J-y-mXnt-\Snb km-m A-p\\v Im-mf-m ]-nSnps-Impt-]-mb-Xns-

_-mn am{-Xw kv{-Xo-Ifpamb-n, Cfn`y-\mb-n, l-kvXn\]-pcnt-ev t-]-mt-cnh-p! al-m`mcXn hy-mkA-m]-nb-n F-g-pXnb hcnI

B b-pfn Bb-p[-fn Fma-nv b-phpw kz]-v\wIp \np BfpIa-m([o-c-m F- ]Zw '[o'b-ncanphs-c hnfnm D]-t-b-mK-np-Xn\m Chns-S t-NcpIb-n) Hmt-cmcpcpw Hmt-cm [-fnemW-v.]-ecpw ]-e [-fnemW-v. Hcp[nt-ep t-]-mb-n i-mn t-\Sm\mW-v `K-hm K-o-X D]-t-Zi-nXv.

K-o-Xb-ns-eXs- hcnIfn ]-d-b-p"k[m ]cnXyPy amta

Iw icWw {hPAlw Xzm k]mt]t`ym

tambnjyman am ipNx''(XVIII / 66)

F-Xv K-o-Xb-ps-S Xs- knm t--mIamW-v.

"Zri-y--fmIp kakvX[-fn \n-pw ]-nhm-q, A-p\m. GIhpw A-Zzbhpw kakvXhpamb-ncnp Zrn \o \nq.Fm b-pfpw A-hns-S A-hkm\n

p-p. ]-caamb i-mnb-pmIp-p.''

CXmW-v K-o-Xm[w. CXn\v GIm`ns-b--v t-hW-s-an \maIcW-ws-N-mw.

`mcXo-b Nn K-pcpIpe-fn\n-p ]Tn Hcph\v b-pfns-ayhpw as--mcp K-pcpIpeamb-ncnpw.A-XmW-v K-o-Xb-ps-S al-zhpw t-emIn\v K-oX s-ImSpp kt-i-hpw.

al-m`mcX{-K--n ò-j-va]w 13-mw A-y-mb-t-ms-Sb-mW-v K-o-XD]-]w Bcw`np-Xv.

C-v `K-hZvK-o-X F- t-]-cne`np-Xv ò-j-va]w 25 apX 42hs-c 18 A-y-mb--fnemb-n D-s-m-p 700 t--mI A-S-p ]-pkvXIamW-v.

al-m`mcXw ò-j-va]w cmwA-y-mb-nemW-v hy-mk\pw [rXcm{-\pw Xn Ipap-pXv. A--mW-v {-]-IrXns-b t-\mn hy-mkhcm\ncnp hn]-ns-\pd-nv[rXcm{--t-\mSv ]-d-b-pXv:

"\n\v Ime ]-p{-X\mb-nP\nncnp-p. hrn-b--vam--fpmIp-p. Hcpkv{-Xo aq-pw,aq-ne[nIhpw Ip-p-s-f H-np

{-]-khnp-p. {-]-khn DSs-\ ]p Ip-v DmIp-p. XeapSn\nd--v karamb Ip-v P\np-p. Cs-Xms- hn\mins- kqN\b-mW-v ]-p{-Xm. \o \ns- ]-p{-Xs-\D]-t-Zi-nq. hcm\ncnp hn]-n\v \ns- ]-mccy-w ImcW-amImXmcns-.''

"Cs-Xmw F-\npad-nb-mw,]-nXmt-h. F--m Chs-b-ms- A-hi-y-w`hnb-mW-v'' F--mW-v [rXcm{-ad-p]-Sn \Inb-Xv.

"\Sm\ncnp hn]-pImW-m \n\v Rm\nXm Hcp Zn

hy-N-pv Xcp-p'' F--v hy-mkhopw ]-d--p."Znhy-N-pv F-\np t-hm''

F--v [rXcm{- ]d--t-Xms-SA-Xv kRvPb-\p s-ImSpv hy-mkt-]-mhpIb-pw s-Nb-vXp.

kRvPb b-pfn s-N-v A-hnSps- Fm X-ms-d-Sp-pIfpw t-\cn Ip. K-o-t-Xm]-t-Zi-wapg-ph t-\cn-v t-I-p. ]-p Znhks- b-pw A-hns-S\n-p Ip.]mw Znhkw i-nJ-ns-b ]-pckvcnp \n A-p\\m ò-j-va]-nXmal t-Xcn \n-v ho-g-ns---v

i-cXev]-n i-b-np-Xv kzw

I-pI-s-Imp Ip.ò-j-va]-nXmal ho-W-t-Xms-S

kRvPb b-pfn \n-pw[rXcm{--s- A-Spt-ev HmSn. Cu^-vfmj-v _-mv (fashback)BW-v ò-j-va]w 13-mw A-y-mb-w.

A-\mbXps-Imv [rXcm{--s-\ DWnp: "Rm K-mhK-W-nb-mW-v (kRvPb-\mW-v). A-t--b-vv\t-amhmIw.

Bcps-S _-ml-p_-ew In-mt-W-m A--b-ps-S ]-p{-X\mbZpt-cy-m[\ ]-mh-ms-c Iq-mmXncpXv, B al-kXz A--b-ps-S]-nXmhvi-m\hi-nJ-ns-b]-pckvcnp \n A-p\\mt-Xcn \n-v ho-g-ns---v i-cXev]-n i-b-np-p.''

ò-j-va]w 14 apX 24 hs-cb-p A-y-mb--fn [rXcm{--s-s-R-emW-v h-nn-p-Xv:

"kRvPb-m, F-s- ]-nXmhv ho-W-t--m \n\s-p t-Xm-n? Bcps-Ss-s-k\y-amW-v ap-n \n-p s-]-mcpXnbXv? BcmWhs- ]-mi-z-s-fc-nXv? Bcv ]-cmPnXs-\t--ms-e

ImW-s- --p? Bcv BZy-w s-hphnfnp? kRvPb-m ap\nam Naps-h-{-Xnb [w ò-IcamW-v. A-Xns-_-enemWt-m ]-nXmal-s- s-\-nt-ev ]-u-{-X A-kv{-X-fb-Xv!

PictureCourtesy:www.asebj.org

`m-cXob N-n Kp-cp-Ip-e--fn \-n-p ]Tn Hcph\-v bp--fns a-yhp-w a-sm-cp Kp-cp-Ip-ea-m-bncn-p-w. A-Xm-W-v KoXbp-sS a-lzhp-w te-m-In\-v KoX sIm-Sp--p- kt-ihp-w.


Uyp. _n. Im\

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At-b-m kRvPb-m, Cu `qan ò-j-va hoW-pt-]-mb-n-pw ]X-t-fmSpIqSn ISen XmW-pt-]-mb-nt-?

]d-b-q kRvPb-m, F-s- ]-p{-XZpt-cy-m[\ hcpnq-nb-n-pFm Zpj-vs-Nb-vXnIfpw t-I-mRm HcpamW-v. apg-ph hni-Zamb-n ]-db-q.''

[rXcm{- hopw t-NmZnp-Xv,

"[t{tX Ipcpt{tXkathXmbpbphx

amaImx ]mhmssh InaIpX kRvPb?''(1/1)"Ipcpt--{-X`qan [`qan

b-mW-v. A-hns-S Bb-ncw b-mK-C{- \SnbXps-Imv [apv.A-hns-Ss-b- nb-t--m [t-_-m[wh-n-v b-pw t-hm F--p s-hn-v Zpt-cy-m[\ t-]-mb-n F--p hcmw.A-s-n C\n [_-phmb b-p[nj-vTnc\p t-Xm-n cmPy-s-am-pw t-hm h\ns- Ig-nt--mw.A--s-\b-pw b-pw t-hm F--ps-hncnmw. A-s-\ s-hpt-hm k

RvPb-m'' F--mW-v Cu t--mIns-A-s-a co-Xnb-nemW-v K-o-Xmhy-mJ-y-m\-fns-emw s-]-mXps-h ImW-p-Xv.

AXpt-]-ms-eXs- Hcp `qanb-mt-W-m, `qanb-ns-e a\pIfmt-W-m B`qans-b [`qanb-mp-Xv F-Xpw\mw Nnnt- Imcy-amW-v.

Cs-Xms- t-Nps-hp ]Tnp Hcp ]TnXmhn\v `K-hZvK-o-Xb-ns-e Cu H-mw t--mIn\v s-ImSpncnp A-\zbhpw A-hpws-Imv Xr]-vXnhcn.

A-Xmb-Xv b-pw \S-ncnm

\nSb-ns- {-]-Xo--b-n [rXcm{- t-NmZnp-p F- Xcnephy-mJ-y-m\-fmW-v A-hs-bmw F--phy-w.

b-pw ]- p Znhkw \S-ps-h-pw ]mw Znhkw ò-j-vaho-W-ps-h-pw [rXcm{- kRvPb-\n \n-v A-d-n-n-mW-v Cut-NmZy-w t-NmZnp-Xv.

[rXcm{--s- t-NmZy-s- \mep`mK-amb-mW-v ]Tnt-Xv.

1. [t{tX kathXm amaImx Inw AIpX?

Ipcpt--{-Xb-p`qanb-n F-s-Iqcmb Zpt-cy-m[\mZnIfps-S km-o-

cq]amb [i-co-cns-e {-]-hrnIs-fs- mamb-ncp-p?

2) "Ipcpt{tX bpbphxamaImx Inw AIpX?''

A-h Ii-co-ct-{-]-cnXamb-nb-p`qanb-n \Snb Imcy-F-s- ms-b-mb-ncp-p?

3) "[t{tX kathXmx]mhx N Gh Inw AIpX?''

]-mh-m [i-co-ct-{-]-cnXamb-n b-p`qanb-n \Snb {-]-hrnIs-fs-ms-b-mb-ncp-p?

4) "Ipcpt{X bpbphx]mhx N Gh Inw AIpX?''

b-p`qanb-n ]-mh-mIi-co-ct-{-]-cnXamb-n F-s-ms-Im-nq-n?

\o A-hs-bmw F-\nv hni-Zamb-n ]-d--pXcnI'' F--mW-v [rXcm{- kRvPb-t-\mSv ]-d-b-p-Xv.

[rXcm{-s- Cu \mep t-NmZy--p ad-p]-Snb-mW-v '`K-hZvK-o-X.'

Hcp hy-nv cp i-co-c-fpvt--{-X-fpv

Ima\Is-f D-s-mv cmPkw{-]-hnv Iamb-n cq]-mcw{-]-m]-np Ahs- I i-co-chpwIs-fs-b-ms- A-XnewL-np\np-, km-o-am{-Xamb Ahs-[i-co-chpw BW-v A-h cpw.

t-emIp Fm a\pj-ypwCu cv i-co-c-fpv. [ i-co-cn Fmhcpw GIm`n{-]-mb-mcmW-v. Hcp cmPypw Hcp t-ZipwCXn\v A-`n{-]-mb hy-Xy-mkan.

F-t- -m hy-n Ahs- I

i-co-cnt-ev ]-Xnp-pt-hm

A-hns-S Fm a\pj-ycpw hnt-b-mPn-nemIp-Xp ImW-mw. Incp hy-nIs-f t-b-mPn-nm \nb-a-fpan.

Ghpw henb A-{-Ian t-]-mepwHcp In\v km-nb-mIpt--m[\o-XnI am{-Xw D]-t-Zi-np-Xp ImW-mw. ImcW-w [nhy-n kZmkZm s-F-Icq]-y-nemW-v.

IImb-w {-]-NamhpIb-pw[Imb-w i-pj-vamhpIb-pw s-N-pt--m a\pj-y kwLj-nemhpw. [Imb-n\v A-\pkrXamb-nIImb-s- \npt--m A-hi-m\mIpw.

K-o-Xb-ns-e hmp Xs- Dcnm At-b-m A-p\m [n\mkv]-Zamb Ima Rm Xs--b-mW-v "[ A-hncpt-m Imt-amkvan`cXj`'' F--p ]-d-b-p-pv. [n\v A-hncpamb Imaw RmXs--b-mW-v. Imaw [hncpamb-m ZpxJ-amW-v êw. t--{-Xt--{-X-hn`mK-t-b-mK-n Ipt-d-qSn{-]-ISamb-n CXv ]-d-b-p-papv.

b-pk-amn\nnb-n-p]-mhs-s-k\y-s- In-v t-{-ZmW-mNmcy-cps-S kao-]-w s-N-v cmPmhmbZpt-cy-m[\ ]-d--p:

"]ssiyXmw ]mp]p{XmWmamNmcy alXow Naqw

hyqVmw {Zp]Z]pt{XW XhintjyW [oaXm.'' (1/3)

"At-b-m BNmcy-, A--b-ps-Si-nj-y\pw _-pnam\pamb ([o-aXm){-Zp]-Z]-p{-X\m[r-Zy-pav\\mA-W-n\ncn \ns---n-p ]-mh-mcps-S Cu h s-s-k\y-s-A--v Imepw!''

Hcph \nXy-\nccamb-n Xs-i-{-Xphns-\s- kvacnps-Imncp-m kzw a\p Xs- A-b-mfps-S i-{-Xphmb-no-cps-a-v hy-mkZpt-cy-m[\\neqs-S NqnmW-npIb-mW-v.

11 A--u-l-nW-n s-s-k\y-w Iu-ch-mt-cms-Sm-w A-W-n\nc-n-pv.F--m t-Ihew 7 A--u-l-nW-ns-s-k\y-w am{-XamW-v ]-mhs-s-k\y-nepXv. t-{-ZmW-mNmcy-t-\b-pwIq-ns--p \n-n-mW-v Zpt-cy-m[\]-d-b-pXv "BNmcy-, Cu henbs-s-k\y-s- Imepw (Gt-Xj-mw

alXo-w Naqw ]-i-y-)'' F--v.

`Khm-s iwJns a-m-kv-a-cnIXsIm-v F-p tXm--p-a-m-dvA-t\-Ibp--fn ]-Sshnbnp- Ap\-s G-Im{KX \--a-mbn. Ap-\]-cooW-\-m-bn. bp-n\-vk\-w sNbv-X a\-v im--nbp-sS iwJ\-m-Z-w tI--p-t-m bp-t-m kw

Lj-a-p--Xm-bn a-m-dp-sa--vhy-m-k kq-N-n-n-p--p!

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]-mhs-s-k\ys- 'alXv'F--v hnt-i-j-n-npt--mg-pw, [r-Zy-pav\s-\ NqnmW-npt--mg-ps-ams-a-c-fps-S t-emIn\-pdv,Xs- A-xIcW-ns- Xe-fn\nes-Im-p [i-co-cns-i--w Zpt-cy-m[\\v s-Nd-pXmb-n t-I-mw: "Zpt-cy-m[\m, ]-cmPb-w Cu b-pn \n\mb-ncnps-a i-w.''AXps-ImpXs--b-mW-v F--nhfs-c Ipd- F-XncmfnIfps-S s-s-k\y-ns- \mbIs-\ _-pnams-\-pw, A--b-ps-S i-nj-y-\mbXps-Imv

A--b-ps-S Fm b-pX{-fpwIg-nhpIfpw kzmb-amnb-n-p-hs-\-pw, kt-m]-cn t-{-ZmW-s-cs-Imm\mb-n P\nncnp {-Zp]-Z]-p{-Xs-\-ps-ams- Zpt-cy-m[\(t-{-ZmW-mNmcyv A-d-nb-ms-anepw)H-pIqSn hy-amns-mSpp-s-X-p ImW-mw.

"BNmcy-m, t-\mq, B ]-mhs-s-k\y-n b-pt-y-mZy-pcmb-n\np-hs-cms- F-{-X K-wò-c-mcmW-v! henb hnt-nbh, ho-ci-qc]-cm{-IanI-, ò-am-p\-m

v kaw i-cmb-h Hs-b-mW-vA-hs-cmw Xs-. Ahs-c Hmt-cmcps-cb-pw t-]-s-cSpp ]-d--mW-vBNmcy-\v ]-cnNb-s--Spns-mSppXv. Bs-cms-b-mWh? b-pb-p[m\ (kmXy-In)-, hncmScmPmhv,{-Zp]Z, [r-t-IXp, t-NInXm\,Imi-ncmPmhv, ]-pcpPnXv, Ipnt-`mP,s-s-i-_-y, b-p[ma\y-p, Dau-Pv,A-`na\y-p, {-Zu-]-ZnbpsS ]-p{-X-mcpw,]-mh-m A--pt-]-cpw. ks-s-k\y-m[n] [r-Zy-pav\\pwD-s--s-S 23 al-mcY-mcps--v A-hcps-S alzw A-Snhcb-n-p ]-d-p

s-Imv t-{-ZmW-mNmcy-s-c t-_-my-s- -Spp-p.XpS-v Iu-chssk\y- nep

{-]-_-e-mcmb hy-nIfms-cms-s-b--p t-{-ZmW-mNmcy-t-cmSp ]-d-b-p-p.

-{-Xnb s-s-k\y-ns- \mb-I\pw Xs- BNmcy\ps-ams-Bb-ncp-n-pIqSn t-{-ZmW-mNmcy-s-cZpt-cy-m[\ Chns-S kwt-_-m[\s-N-pXv 'Zznt-Pma' F--mW-v. 'kz[s- s-hSn-n-p-ht-\' F--vhy-wK-y-w.

XpS-v Iu-chs-s-k\y-ns-e al-mcY-ms-c Zpt-cy-m[\ t-]-s-cSpp

]-d-ps-ImSpp-p:

"`hm òjva I Ir] kanXnRvPbx

Aizmam hnI kuaZnb{ZYx'' (1/8)

t-{-ZmW-mNmcy, ò-j-va,I, Ir], GXpt-]-mcnepwPb-np-h\mb A-i-z-mamhv,hnI, `qcn{-i-hv, Pb-{-ZYC-s-\ 8 al-mcY-mcmW-v Xs- ]-v D-Xv F--mW-v Zpt-cy-m[\ BNmcy-t-\mSp ]-d-b-p-Xv.

Chns-S t-{-ZmW-s- t-]-cmW-vZpt-cy-m[\ BZy-w F-Spp ]-d-b-pXv. ò-j-va Iuchs-s-k\y-ns-k s-s-k\y-m[n]-\mb-n-pIqSn A-t-l-ns- t-]-c BZy-w ]-d-b-p-XvF-Xv {-i-t-b-amW-v.

t-{-ZmW-mNmcyp t-]-mepw kX\mb ò-j-vacmW-v k s-s-k\y-m[n].

Imcy-em`n\pt-hn Xs- ap-n \np hy-ns-b {-]-i-wknpIb-pw, XmmenI t-\--vXs- ap-nep-ht-cmSv A-\p`mhwImW-npIb-pw s-N-p km[mcWa\pj-y-s- A-ev]-_-pns-b Zpt-cy-m

[\\neqs-S hy-mk Chns-S A-\mhcW-w s-N-p-p. t-{-ZmW-s-c A-ev]-w{-]-i-wknp-Xneqs-S X\nv IqSpX {-]-t-b-mP\w Dmt-b-ms-a-vZpt-cy-m[\ hnNmcnp-pmhmw.

Cu G-p al-mcY-mp ]-pd-s-a a-ms-cms-b-mW-v Xt--ms-Sm-apXv, A-h Xt--ms-Sm-w F-n\pt-hn \np-p F-pw XpS-vhy-amp-p:

"F-s- A- n\mb-ns-mv([\n\p t-hn) Po-h Xs-s-hSnb-m X-md-p H-\h[n a-p i-qc-mcpw, BNmcy-m, F-t--ms-Sm-apv.

A-hs-cmhcpw \m\mi-kv{-X-fn

ka-cpw, b-ps-s-\]-pW-y-ap-hcpw, hnmfnho-c-mcpwXs- F--vF-\nb-vd-nb-pIb-pw s-N-mw.''

]-mhs-s-k\y-s-b-pw Iuchs-s-k\y-s-b-pw Xn XmcXay-ws-N-p Zpt-cy-m[\ Xs- ]-cmPb-s- hfs-c hy-amb-ns-ap-n ImW-p-p:

"A]cym]vXw XZkvamIw_ew òjvam`ncnXw

]cym]vXw XznZtatXjmw_ew òam`ncnXw.'' (1/10)

Iuchs-s-k\y-w A-]-cy-m]-vXam

s-W--vb-pn\v aXnb-mhns--vZpt-cy-m[\ Chns-S Is-pIb-mW-v!

F-t- C-s-\ Is-mImcW-w?

Zpt-cy-m[\ Xs- s-s-k\y-ns- kao-]-w \npt--mg-pw Xs-s-s-k\y-s- AIs-e ImW-p-p.'XXv' F--mW-v kzw s-s-k\y-s-hnt-i-j-n-npXv. ad-nv A-Is-e \np ]-mhs-s-k\ys-'CZw' F- i--w s-Imv hnt-i-j-n-nncnp-Xn\m A-Spp ImW-p

-p.'CZw

'F- hrnb-n ]-mhs-s-k\y-w Zpt-cy-m[\s- l-rZb-s-

B{-Ianncnp-p.'CZwhrn' hnIknmW-v

'A-l-whrn'b-mb-n ]-cnW-anpXv.CZwhrnb-n \n-v A-l-whrnb-ns-enb Zpt-cy-m[\Nnb-nemW-vIuchs-s-k\y-ns- ]-cmPbhpw]-mhs-s-k\y-ns- hnPbhpwImW-p-Xv.

Chns-S Zpt-cy-m[\a\v cmb-n]-ncn-p \np-Xp ImW-mw. \mfnXphs-c Xm Imp kq-npt-]-mb-phnPb-w X-n \n-v A-Is-eb-m

s-W--v a\nemns-mv BNmcy\mb t-{-ZmW-t-\mSv Ghpw Iiamb `mj-b-n ]-d-b-p-p: "\ps-Ss-s-k\y-w ]-mhs-s-k\y-t-mSpb-pw s-N-m ]-cy-m]-vXa. A-hcps-S s-s-k\y-amIs- ]-cy-m]-vXamW-pXm\pw.''

[r-Zy-pav\\mW-v ]-mhs-s-k\y-ns- ks-s-k\y-m[n]-s-\nepw Zpt-cy-m[\ a\kv ò-as-\b-mW-v]-mhs-s-k\y-ns- t-\Xmhmb-nkev]-nncnp-s-X-pw hy-mkNqnmW-np-p.

"at--s-Xnepw X{-amhnj-vIcn

v ]-mhs-c t-Xmev]-nW-w'' F--v

Ir-j-vW-s km--ny- nAp-\]-m-P-\-y-iwJ[-z\-n tI Kq-Um-tIi]-cbp-sS sNdnsbm-cp a-n-em-wA-\-p- hn -p. ]-cbn Fnbn. Fnbncp-s--n Ir-j-v-W-\-m-bn a-m-dntbt\. ]-nsKotXm-]-tZ-ins B-hiy-w

Xs D-m-Ip-a-m-bncp--n.


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IImb-t-{-]-cnX\mb-n ]-d-b-p HcpZpt-cy-m[\s-\b \mw C\n ImW-p-Xv.

AXps-Imv BNmcy-m, C\n\apv H-p am{-Xs-a s-N-m\mhq:

"Abt\jp N ktjp bYm`mKahnXmx

òjvatahm`ncp `hxk Gh ln.''

(1/11)

\n Fmhcpw Fm hy-ql-Zzmc-fnepw A-XmXnS-fnDd-p\n-p s-Imv ò-j-vas-\s-c-nm am{-Xw aXn F--mW-v Zpt-cy-m[\ ]-d-b-p-Xv.

Fps-ImmW-v 'ò-j-vas-cc-nm aXn' F-s--mcp \nt-i-wZpt-cy-m[\ t-{-ZmW-mNmcyv \Im ImcW-amb-Xv F--p Nnnmw.''

Iu-chk`b-n Irj-vW ZqXns-\nbXpw ]-mhv A-hImi-s-- `qan \Inm F--p ]-d--phnXpw A-t-XpS-p cwK-fpwZpt-cy-m[\ Hcp \nanj-w Hmpt-]-mb-ncnmw. ]-IpXn cmPy-w t-NmZn

ph Irj-vW HSphn A-hvA--pt-]pw IqSn Hcp ho-s-Snepw\Inb-m aXn, Ahs-c Xm ]d--p kam[m\n-nps-Im-mw F--p]-d--ncp-p. F--m "kqNn Ipm\p ew t-]-mepw b-pneqs-Sbms-X ]-mhv \In'' F-Xs- ISpw]-nSpamW-v b-pnt-ev F-ns-X-v Zpt-cy-m[\a\vHcp \nanj-w Nnnp ImW-W-w.

]-mh-m ]-mp]-p{-XcF--p ]d--v Zpt-cy-m[\ c-s--Sm {-i-ant--m Irj-vW ]-d-ad-p]-Snb-pw Hmp-pmhW-w!

"\ns- A-\pw hnNn{-Xho-cy-P\.\ob-pw hn[hb-ps-S ]-p{-Xs- ]-p{-X\mW-v'' F- kXy-w. X-qew s-s-\XnIamb-n Cu cmPy-ns- GI A-hImi-n ò-j-va am{-Xams-W--pw, ò-j-vaD-nSt-mfw Imew hs-c am{-XamW-vX\nv Cu cmPy-nep A-hImi-m[nImc-s-f-pw Zpt-cy-m[a\vNnnpt-]-mb-n-pmhmw.

CmXncn NnIfneqs-S IS-pt-]-mb Zpt-cy-m[\ a\neqs-S Hcp\nanj-w EW-mIamb Nn (Nega-tive thinking) IS-pt-]-mb-Xns-^-eamImw, F--nepw i-nb-nepw

ap-nb-n \np Xs- s-s-k

\y-ns- i-nb-pw Ig-nhpw ImW-m\mhms-X, b-pn\p apXncms-X,ò-j-vas-\ c-nm am{-Xw aXn F--vNnnpt-]-mbXpw t-{-ZmW-mNmcyvXZ\pkcW-amb-n \nt-i-w s-ImSpXpw.

Ct-Xms-S [rXcm{--s- BZy-s- t-NmZyamb '[t--t-{XamaImx Inw A-IpX'' F t-NmZy-n\p Dcw kRvPb-\neqs-Shy-mk \Ing-n-p.

Zp-\ms-W--v t-emI ]-d-b-pZpt-cy-m[\ C{-Xb-pw [nIXb-nt-epb-cpt--m Iu-ch-mcps-Sb-pw,]-mh-mcps-Sb-pw ]-nXmal-\pw,t-Zh{-hX\pw kzarXy-phpamb ò-j-va ]-Xnp cwK-amW-v hy-mkXpS-v hcpIm-p-Xv.

Zp-s-\-p ]-d-b-p Zpt-cy-m[\\n [w Ib-d-nh Hcev]-kab-v ]-nXmal\mb ò-j-va ku-ay-amb-n H-p ]-d--ncps--n, Hcp]t--, al-m`mcXb-pw Hg-nhmm\mt-b-t-\.

]t--, ò-j-vacps-S IImb-wA-t- -m {-]-NamhpIb-mW-v s-N

b-vXXv.Zpt-cy-m[\s- {-]-i-wkmhN\ t-I-t-Xms-S ]-mhIu-ch-mv Hcpt-]-ms-e ]-nXmal-\mb-,]-cm{-Iai-menb-pw {-]-Xm]-hm\pwIpcphwi-ns-e Ghpw {-]-mb-ws-N-h\pamb ò-j-va Zpt-cy-m[\\vkt- mj-w DmIm t-hn knwl-\mZs- apg-ns-mv Dni-wJ-p hnfnp!

al-m`mcXb-pn\v b-Ym-n i-wJ-p hnfnv XpSw Ipd-nt-Xv ]-mh-mcmW-v. ImcW-wcmPy-w \-s--Xv A-hmW-v. Xma

knp-Xn\v Hcp hoSpt-]-mepw t-NmZnn-v In-ms-X \ncmew_-cmb-noA-h F--n-pw b-pn\v s-hphnfnn. ad-nv B \ncmew_-s-c A-hcps-S ]-nXmal IqSnb-mb ò-j-vaas--mcp ]-u-{-Xs-\ kt- mj-n-nmt-hn s-hphnfnp-p.

[\ns- Zmk\mb-Xn\memW-vò-j-va Iu-chcps-S _-\nemb-nt--mb-s-X kXy-w A-t-l-w HSphnkXnp-pv.

"Aky ]pcptjm ZmtkmZmkkvXztm \ IkyNnXv

CXn kXyw almcmP _tm

kvayt\Iucsshx''

ò-j-va i-wJ-papg-nb-t-Xms-SI-n In-nb-hs-cms- i-wJ-v, B\Iw, t-K-mapJ-w apXeb-mhs-b-ms-F-Spp {-]-t-b-mK-np. s-]-mXps-h H-pwA- Sanmb-va A-t--ms-Zri-y-amb-n. Bs-I _-l-fabamb HcpA- co--w A-hns-S Zri-y-amb-n.

C-s-\ Zpt-cy-m[\s-\ kt-mj-n-np-Xn\mb-n '[nj-vT\mb'ò-j-va ]-mhs-Xns-cb-pb-pn\v Dn i-wJ-p apg-nb-t-Xms-S [rXcm{--s- cmas- t-NmZy-n\pw "It-{-t-X amaImxInw A-IpX'' F t-NmZy- n\pwhy-mk Dcw \Ing-n-p.

C\n [rXcm{--s- aq-mas-t-NmZyamb "]-mh-m [i-co-ct-{-]-cnXamb-n b-p`qanb-n \Snb{-]-hrnIs-fs-ms-b-mb-ncp-p''F--p t-\mmw.

b-p-fps-S t-emI-s-f kam[m\w s-Impam{-Xs-a t-\cnSm ]--qF--d-nb-p hy-mk Da\mbHcmNmcy-s-\`K-hm Irj-vW-s-\s-A-p\t-Xcmfnb-mb-nBb-p[anms-X \np-Xmb-n

A-hXcn-nps-Imv Hcp Imcy-t-amn-np-p."{-_-hnZzc\pw, {-_-hnZzco-b-

\pw, {-_-anZzcnj-vT\pamb B-m\nv K-pcpIpeams-X as--m-pw HcnSpan.''

Fm n-XIfps-S \Sphneqs-S HmSpt--mg-pw b-pneqs-SP\Po-hnXs- B{-Iancps-X-vkzPo-hnXw s-Impw [ws-Impwt-emIs- ]Tn-nps-ImSp, FmcwK--fnepw ]Tn-np s-ImSp, HcpNcmNckvt-\l-n. aYpcs-b B{-Ianm Hcp s-s-k\y-hpamb-n Hcnepw

t-]-mIm I. B{-Ianm hb-h\s-\Imeb-h\s-\Imeb-h\nIb-vp-nt-eb-vp ]-pd- phnSphmb-pn\mb-n aYpcb-ps-S IhmSXpd-ms-X Xt- am{-Xw B{-IanqF--p ]d-v HmSnb al-m\p`mh!

C{-nb-s-f Xpd--ps-hv Ima\b-ps-S Cu--nn hf-ph]-mhIu-ch cmPIpamc-mcps-Ss-s-k\y-k-ml--t-fmSpIqSnb A-W-nt-Ncens- ay-nepw Bb-p[t-ams-X Xs- Zmi-\nINnb-pamb-nIS-phcp I!

cmPs-Im-mcns-e kpJ-i-o-X

ffmb kml-Ncy--fn P\n

Ap-\ hy-nkbn \-n-v km-a-m-P-nIkbnte-bv--v]-m-P-\-y-\-n\-Z-w sIm-v kw{Ia-n -p. hy-n Ahs sshnI koa-sb D-wL-n -v km-a-mP-nI koa-bnte-bv--v ]-cnh\-wsN-sp. A-tXm-sS Hcp A-hm- -c ]-cnW-m-a- n\-v(a humanmetamorphosis)hnt[-b\-mbn. A-hnsSbm-W-v Zi\-w B-cw`n-p--Xv.

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ht-\m ]-Tnphf-ht-\m A, ad-nvA-\am ]-o-V-\t-a-v ImcmK-rl-n InSpt--m A-hns-S P\nh\pw, XShd-b-ps-S Ccp-aqes-bXs- t-{-]aws-Imv {-]-Imi-am\amn A-hns-S \n-v A--mSnb-nt-evF-nb-h\pamW-v Cu apcfo-t-K-m]-me. Np-p]-mSpI apg-ph Xt-t-h-b-mSpt--mg-pw Hcnepw amb-m]-p-ncnb-pamb-n am{-Xw Ahs-bt-\cnSph. ape-men s-ImSnbhnj-w Iens-mSpt--m AXpt-]-mepw t-{-]-amarXamb-n \pIh.a-nt-\mSpw, hn-nt-\mSpw, t-K-m]-t-\mSpw, t-K-m]-nIt-b-mSpw Cu NcmNcPK-ns-e kakvX `qX-t-fmSpw t-{-]-awam{-Xw s-]-mg-nn-ph. Xs- t-hW-phn\n-v Hg-pIp a[pcK-o-X-fmkakvXPo-hnIs-fb-pw i-rwK-mcns-DpwK-n Bd-mSn apcfo-t-K-m]-me, ^-pmchnmb-X]-{-Xt-\{-X.

Ipcpt--{-Xb-p`qanb-n IF-nb-ncnp-Xv `cZzmPs-b-pwA-i-zemb-\s-b-pw Hs- NnIfnDcpncn-p h-n-p b-ps-s-hZK-vy-w ]Tn-nmt-\m {-]-t-b-mK-n

s-Imphcmt-\m A. Ipcp]-mhIpamc-mv Hcnepw ]TnmIg-nb-ms-Xt-]-mb-, Ahs-c Hcp K-pcphpwA-`y-kn-nn-nm t-{-]-ans-K-o-Xb-pamb-mW-v A-h F-nb-ncnp-Xv.

K-pcp-mcps-S ]-c-cb-neqs-Ss- h-, t-hZi-mkv{-XmZnIfn AXo-h \n]-pW-\pw,Ipcp]-mhcmPm-mcps-SIpeK-pcphpamb Ir]-mNmcy b-pk-\mb-n Ipcpt--{-Xb-p`qanb-nepv. al-m{-_-mW\mbt-{-ZmW {-_-mW-y-w hens-d-n-v

(B Imev Zp-e-mcpw A-Pnt-X{-nb--mcpamb -{-Xnb--m am{-XamW-v b-pn\v Cd--n-pd-s--SpI)b-pn\v X-ms-d-Spv b-pfnepv. t-{-ZmW-]-p{-X\mb A-i-z-mamhpw Dv. al-m-m\ns-b--vhnt-i-j-n-nmhp-, kXy-[-s-fXe\mcng-Io-d-n ]Tn b-p[nj-vTnc\pwb-pk-\mb-ns--b-mW-v Bb-pfnepXv. al-mkz\mb-, kzarXy-phmb `o-j-va]-nXmal kmb-p[ Namc-t-fmSpwIqSnb-mW-v Iuchs-s-k\y-ns-ks-s-k\y-m[n]Xzw kzo-Icnps-Im

v ]-mhs-s-k\y-s- s-hphn

fnps-Imv b-pfn \npXv. Chs-cmw K-pcpIpe-fn ]TnhcmW-v, t-h{-X i-mkv{-XA-`y-knhcpamW-v. A\ysc D]-tZinm Chscms AXoh ka-cpamWv. F--m Chs-cmw Xs-XnIpw A-kzcpamW-v. Ins- I-pIaW-n-p F-Xps-Imv kp-Nncmb-n \n

A-hcns-emcmfpw b-pw s-Nb-vXXpw.X ]Tn hnZy-b-ps-S {-]-t-b-mP\wt-emIn\p {-]-t-b-mP\s--SppIt-b-m, P\-s-f i-mnb-nt-ep\b-npIt-b-m s-N-p-Xn\p ]IcwCu ho-c-ms-cms-s--b-mW-v Hcpal-mb-ps- henps-Imph-vGhs-cb-pw ZpxJ-nemg-vnbXv. A-t-Xkab-w kmo-]-\nb-ps-S K-pcpIpen \n-v Xm ]Tn hnZy-ID-s-m Hcp NcmNct-{-]-anb-mW-vb-pfn \n-v Cu almbkt-i-w s-]-mg-npXv. F-Xnht-\mt-Sm, A-\pIqenht-\mt-Sm H-pw

Hcp t-`Z`mhhpanms-X, s-s-i-i-hkl-Pamb \nj-vIfX Hcp cwKpws-s-IhnSm \nwK\mb I.

Ipcpt--{-Xb-p`qanb-n Hcp`mK-v ]-mhIu-cht-`Zs-at-\y-,Q-W-Q-Wmcw s-]-mg-npBb-p[-fpamb-n, hnImchnPrw`nPXcmb-n b-papl-qn\p Imt-Xmncnp -m{-Xt-XPv. A-Xns-\t-\cnSm H-b-vv, \ncmb-p[\mb-n,hnNmchm\mb-n \np Irj-vW.CXmW-v \mw K-o-Xb-n ImW-p-,AYhm Imt-W-, a{-]-[m\ambcwK-w. Irj-vW-s-\ ]-mht-cmSp t-Nps-hp]Tnp-Xv ]Tnphs-

hnImcamW-v. Irj-vW b-phnImcn\p s-hfnb-nemW-v. b-ppwb-pX{-pw Bt-b-m[\hnZy-Ips-am-pw Hcnepw Fnt-\mm Ig-nb-m l-rj-o-t-Ii-s-A-Xy-kpcamb K-o-X b-pns-ams--menI-nSb-n \mw ad-pt-]-mIpIb-mW-v s-N-pXv. AYhmb-pt-m-pIcmb Iu-ch]-m

ht-cms-Sm-w t-N-v \mw as--mcpb-pn\v X-ms-d-Spp-p. A-s-\ I-t-\b-pw I-s- K-o-Xt-bb-pwad-pIb-pw s-N-p-p.

cp P\Xs-b Hcp a\pj-y-s- {-]-XnImcmnt-m, ImahnImcnt-\m t-hn b-pfnt-eb-vv henng-b-vcps-X-v kZm,kYm, k{-X P\Po-hnXs-D]-t-Zi-n i-mnb-ps-S F-mes-b-pw Ghpw henb BNmcy!A-t-l-w h-t-Xm, i-mnb-ps-S {-]-Xo-Iamb s-h-Ifmb \mep IpXncIs-f]-q-nb-cYn A-p\s- t-Xcm

fnb-mb-n-pw!"Hcp kZvK-pcphns-\ b-pf

nt-ep Iq-ns-mpt-]-mb-mepwA-t-l- n\p s-N-m\p-Xv A-hnSwK-pcpIpeamnam-pI am{-Xams-W-pwAms-X Bb-p[s-aSpv A-ScmSp-ht-cms-Sm-w \n-v A-ScmSpIb-s--pw'' Irj-vW-\neqs-S hy-mkt-emIs- ]Tn-np-p.

Cu kaky-b-mW-v `mcXs-t-emIn\pap-n D-zeamp-Xv.

`o-j-vacps-S i-wJ-n\v ad-pi-wJ-vapg-nb-Xv Irj-vW-\mW-v. l-rj-nt-Ii-\mW-v. apg-nb-Xv ]-m-P\y-w F-

PictureCourtesy:4.bp.blogspot.com


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i-wJ-pw.b-pacy-mZ s-hpt-\mnb-m

ò-j-vacps-S i-wJ-n\v ad-pi-wJ-v apg-t-nb-ncp-Xv ]-mhs-s-k\y-ns-ks-s-k\y-m[n]\mb [r-Zy-pav\\mW-v. h{-Phy-ql-ns- t-\Xmhmbò-at-\m, cmPmhmb b-p[nj-vTnct-\mi-wJ-papg-nb-ncps--nepw A-Xv b-pn\v X-m F- ad-p]-Snb-mb-nhy-mJ-y-m\nmamb-ncp-p.

b-pfns- ay-ns-enb-n-pw am[h B b-pfnb-pt-y-mZy-pcmb-n \nphs-c

Bs-I H-p am-nad-nm\mIpt-amF--mW-v ]-co--np t-\mnb-Xv.

Iuchs-s-k\y-w A- Sanmb-vat-b-mSpIqSn Bs-I i--mb-am\amb A-co--w kr-n m\v]-mhs-s-k\y-ns- A-St-mSpIqSnb Hmt-cmcpcpt-Sb-pwi-wJ-phnfnIfpw kqNn-np-p. b-pn\p i-wJ-[z\nbmXn\mA-Xn\v \nb-Xamb Hcp co-Xnhn[m\hpw Ds--v hy-mk s-hfns--Spp-p.

l-rj-o-t-Ii-s- ]-m-P\y-i-w

J-[z\n t-I-t-Xms-S F- p kw`hnpF--p]-d-b-p-p.`K-hms- i-wJ-ns- amkvacnIX

s-Imv F--p t-Xm-pamd-v A-t-\Ib-p-fn ]-Ss-h-nb-n-p A-p\

s- GIm{-K-X \-amb-n. A-p\]-co--o-W-\mb-n.

b-pn\v k-\w s-Nb-vXa\v i-mnb-ps-S i-wJ-\mZw t-I-pt--m b-pt- m kwLj-ap-Xmb-n amd-ps-a-v hy-mk kqNn-np-p!

]-cn-o-W\mb A-p\ Xs- t-Xcns-\ Ccps-s-k\y--fps-Sb-pway-n s-Imp \nW-s-a-vIrj-vW-t-\mSp ]-d-p. b-pw XpS-ng-n-mW-v ({-]-hrt- i-kv{-Xk-mt-X) hnns-\ Dbn-nSnps-Imp\n-h\mb ([\pcpZy-ay]-mhx) A-p\ `Khmt-\mSvC-s-\ Bhi-y-s--SpXv. CXv b-pfn h-p \n A-p\s-\n`b-Xzs-mW-np-p.

Irj-vW cp s-s-k\y--fps-Sb-pw \Spv ò-j-vat-{-ZmW--mp ap-n A-p\s- cYs- s-Imp\nn.

"òjvat{ZmW{]apJXxktjmw N alonXmw

DhmN ]m ]ssiyXm kathXm Ipcp\nXn.'' (1/25)

A-p\ A-hns-S Bs-cs-b-ms- Ip F--v hy-mk hy-amb-nt-cJ-s- -Spp-p.

"X{Xm]iyXv nXm]mx

]nXrq\Y ]nXmalmBNmcym amXpem {`mXyq]p{Xm ]u{Xm kJow

kvXYmizipcm kplrZssh tk

\tbmcp`tbmc]nXm kaoy k Iutbxkm _q\hnXmIr]bm ]cbmhntm hnjoZ

nZa{_hoXv.'' (1/26,27)Cu hcnIfmW-v A-p\

_-ps-f Ip F--Xn\v Fmhy-mJ-y-m\-fnepw s-Xfnhmb-n \nc

p-Xv.B b-pfn cp s-s-k

\y--fnepamb-n-p \np ]-nXm-ms-cb-pw (]-nXy-p)-, ]-nXmal--ms-cb-pw (]-nXmal-m)-, K-pcp-ms-cb-pw,kt-l-mZc-ms-cb-pw at-fb-pw,]-u-{-X-ms-cb-pw (]-u-{-Xm)-, N-mXnams-cb-pw, AXpt-]-ms-e `mcy-m]-nXm-ms-cb-pw, \ hg-n Im-pkpl-rps-fb-pw, A-p\Ip. b-pn\p X-md-mb-n \np B Fm _-pP\-t-fb-pwIn-v (Xm km _-q

A-hnXm kao--y-) ]-cb-mepwIr]-b-mepw Bt-hi-ns---h\mb-n-v ZpxJ-np s-Imv B A-p\C-s-\ ]-d--p.

A-p\\v hnj-mZapmb-Xv ']cb-m Ir]b-m' F--p ]-d-b-p-Xv]-caamb Ir]-b-m BW-v F-pwhy-mJ-y-m\np ImW-p-pv. ]-caambIr]b-pw ]-cb-ps-S `mj Xs--b-mW-v.Ir] ]-caamIp-Xv ]-cb-nt-e D-q.B ]-cb-ns-enbh\v t-emIns-et-hZ\np-ht-\ms-Sms- DmIp-Xv Ir]-b-mW-v.

Irj-vW-s- km-ny-n

A-p\]-m-P\y-i-wJ-[z\nt-I K-qUmt-Ii]-cb-ps-S s-Nd-ns-b-mcp an-em-w A-\p`hnp. ]-cb-nF-nb-n. F- nb-ncps--n Irj-vW-\mb-n amd-nt-bt-\. ]-ns- K-o-t-Xm]-t-Zi- ns- Bhi-y-w Xs- DmIpamb-ncp-n.

]-nXy-qaqt--m aq-ne[nIt-am]-nXm-ms-c ImW-W-w.

A-hns-S A-p\s- _-o-PZmXmhmb ]-nXmhvC{- C.

t--{-XZmXmhmb ]-nXmhv ]-mphpw C.

]-nXrm\o-bcmb [rXcm{--

t-\m, hnZpct-\m t-]-mepan.PictureCourtesy:upload.wikimedia.org

`KhZvKoXm]T\w

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C\n ']-nXmal-m' F--p-nSpw Ht-c Hcms-f am{-Xs-a Nqnm-m\p-qò-j-vas-c am{-Xw.

]-u-{-Xm F--p-Xn\v ]-mhcps-St-b-m, Iu-chcps-St-b-m s-Nd-pafmb-n Hcms-ft--mepw NqnmW-nm\n. A-Xmb-Xv A-p\s-]-u-{-X-mt-cm, ]-u-{-Xm\o-bcmt-b-mD Hcm t-]-mepwb-pfnen.

F--p Xs--b-pa Cu _-ps-f ImepmIp ]-ct-hi-wDmb-n F- F-g-pXnb-ncnpXv.Ir] s-ImpmIp hnj-mZamW-v

Dmb-ncnpXv. A-p\\v s-hd-pwIr]b, ]-caamb Ir]-b-mW-v DmbXv. ò-cphns- hnj-mZa, [ocs-hnj-mZamW-v DmbXv. 'Ir]-b-m]-cb-mhn-x' F--mW-v hy-mk ]-d--ncnp-Xv.

Ipt-d-qSn `wK-nb-p `mj-b-n ]-d--m ]-cb-nepmb Ir].cpw H-p Xs--b-mW-v. ]-caamb Ir] ]-cb-n s-ht- DmhpIb-p-q.

Hcph\v Ir]-b-n A-Xy-[nIambZpxJ-w hcpw. Fmw Dht-\ Ir]-b-p

mhq.A-p\\v cmPy-an, [\[m

\y-mZnIfn, J-P\mhn. ]-t- a\vhni-meamb-n, Ir]-b-pmb-n.

A-p\ Xs- ]-nXmhmW-v,]-nXmal-\mW-v, amXpe\mWv, ky-me\mW-v, kw_-nb-mW-v, ]-u-{-X\mW-vBcps-Ss-b-neps-ams-. A-hns-S\np Zpt-cy-m[\\pw Cs-Xms-s--b-mW-v. ò-j-vacpw, t-{-ZmW-cpw,I\pw a-p-hcps-amw A-s-\Xs--b-mW-v. B b-pfn h-p\np-hs-mw A-p\ ]d- Cu ]-mckv]cy-w apg-ph Dv.F--m A-hs-cmw A-hns-S \n-vb-pw s-N-p-papv. B b-pns- ]-cnW-Xns-b-pd-nv A-hcmcpwXs- Nnnp-t-Xb-n. CXmW-vA-p\s-\ t-hZ\n-nXv.

b-pw Ig-n-m Cu ]-mckv]-cy--fnmXmIpw.

A-p\ hy-nkb-n\n-v kmamPnIkb-nt-eb-vv]-m-P\y-\n\Zw s-Imv kw{-Ianp.hy-n Ahs- s-s-hnI koas-b

DwL-nv kmamPnI ko-ab-nt-eb-vv]-cnh\w s-N-s--p. A-t-Xms-S Hcp A-hmc ]-cnW-man\v (a humanmetamorphosis) hnt-[b-\mb-n. A-hns-Sb-mW-v Zi-\w Bcw`np-Xv.

b-pfn h-p\n-v Fmht-cb-pwIqSn It--m Hcnepw]-u-{-X-ms-c XneSn-nnm Hcp]-nXmal-\mb-n A-p\ Db-p. Hcnepw b-pw t-hm F--p]-d-b-p Hcp A-\mb-n. Hc\pwA-\mIpt--m afps-S b-pwkl-nm\mhn. Hcp kt-l-mZc\pwkt-l-mZcy-b-pw ]--n. Cu ]-mckv]-cy--fps-S at-\ml-capl-qnt-eb-vv Hcp \nanj-w A-p\hg-pXnhoW-p. GXp hy-npw Nne\nanj--fne-s-\b-pmhpw.

B A-hmc]-cnW-mans-hv A-p\ [o-c\mb-n, Irj-vW-t-\mSv Ir]-t-b-mSpIqSn ]-d--XmW-v'b-pw t-hm' F--v.

]-t- A-Xv Xo-cpam\nt-XvAd-nt-hmSp Iqs-Sb-mb-ncnW-s-a-vIrj-vW-\v \n-apv. B Xo-cp

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...The fabric of togetherness

C.B. Radhakrishnan & Bros.

36, Chinnamuthu, IInd Street,

Edayankattuvalasu,

Erode - 638011

Ph: 0424 - 2261080

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B-bnca-m-bncw kz]-v-\--fp-a-m-bmW-v C-u bp--fn Rm-s\- nbXv. C-u a-lm- m-cXbp-w Ignv t\-Sp-Xm-b km-{a-m-P-y- n òj-v-a-]-nXm-a-l\-p-w, t{Z-m-W-m-N-m-cycp-sa-m-s D-m-bncn-W-w. bp-m-\-cw Fs tP-y-j-vT\-m-b bp-[-nj-vTnc cmP-y-w`cn-p-Xp Im-W-m Z-p-tcy-m-[-\ P-ohn -ncp--ns--n ]-nsAhsc tXm]-n-p--Xn F-a-m-W-pXv?''


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am\w \XmW-v. ]-t- Ct- -m F-Spncnp-Xv hnImcnemW-v. A-XvhnImcn \n-v hnNmcnt-eb-vp amd-n A--p\ b-pw t-hmF--p Xo-cpam\nm A-Xv kmeu-InIamW-v. b-pw t-hm F--pNn BXy- nIamb \-b-nt-eb-vva\pj-y-s-\ \b-npw.

_-ps-f I, _-ns- ]-ct-am-Xnb-ns-en Xm Xs--b-mW-v B _-w apg-phs-\-d-nb-p]-cnW-man s-hp Ir] s-ImvA-p\\pmb b-phncp Nn

hy-nv A-Xo-XamW-v; t-Zi-n\pw,Imen\pw, hkvXppw A-Xo-XamW-v.

t-emIv A-t-\Iw cmPm-m`cnn-pv. `mcXnepw N{-hwi-ns-b-pw kqcy-hwi- ns-b-pwNcn{-Xn CZw{-]-Yaamb-mW-v A-p\ b-pfn B b-pns- t-\Xmhm Hcp km[mcWt-b-mmhv 'Rm b-pw s-N-nF--p ]-d-v' Xf-ncnpXv.B A-]-hmZs- (Exception)F-SpvhepXmn, A-Xn\v Hcp K-o-t-Xm]-t-Zi-w s-ImSpv A-p\s-\ A-hns-S \nn b-pw s-N-n-np F-A-]-hmZs- D-o-Icns-mcp

i-mkv{-Xapmb-m B i-mkv{-Xn\v\ne\n]-pmhns--Xn\v Xan. \q-mpIfmb-n {-]-knb-pwal-zhpw \ne\nvm\pamhn.

A-p\ Xs- s-s-h-nI`mhn \n-v Hcp \nanj-w ka-n`mhnt-ev hnIknt--mg-mW-v]-cb-ps-S A-\p`qXn DmbXv. BA-\p`qXn k-amb \nanj-nXm A-p\\ms-W--pw, F-s- cmPy-amW-ns-X-pw. F-\nnXhImi-s---Xms-W-ps-ams-b-p kpNnXNnmK-Xnb-n \n-pb-v CXmcp

t-SXpa; A-s-n Fmhcpt-SXpamW-v. CXns-\ Ips-d-t- -cpt-SXmmt-hn ]-mckv]-cy- s-hSn-vXneSnpIb-ms-W--pw, Cu XneSnp-h acnpIg-n-mes-nXnb-pw Nnnt--m Hcp kwLj-knb-ns-ent- cpIb-mW-pmb-Xv.

XpS-v A-p\ Irj-vW-t-\mSv ]-d-b-p-p:

"koZn aa Km{XmWn apJw N]cnipjyXn

th]Yp icotc ta tcmalj PmbtX.

Kmohw {kwktX lkvXmXvXzIvssNh ]cnZlytX

\ N iIvt\mayhmXpw{`aXoh N ta a\x''

(1/29,30)

B[p\nIhpw ]-u-cmW-nIhpamba\xi-mkv{-X]T\-v kXamb\nZm\amW-v (diagnosis) hy-mk F-g-pXnb-ncnp-Xv.

F-s- K-m{-X i-co-c i-nYneamIp-p (koZn aa K-m{-XmW-n)

C{-nb-P\nX A-\p`h Dev]-XmZmy-my-mkn {-]-hnp qei-co-cnt-eb-vpw,C{-nb-P\nX A-\p`h Dev]-

hmk\m DXv_-p kq-vai-co-cnt-eb-vpw, C{-nb-P\nX A-\p`hDev]--hmk\m A-\pZv_-p ImcWi-co-cXmZmy-my-mknt-eb-vpwA-p\ ho-W-pIg-n-p F--p hy-ampIb-mW-v.

"qe i-co-cXmXmy-my-mkws-Imv hnd-b-vpIb-pw, hnbpIb-ps-ams- s-N-p F-s- qei-co-cns- Xf Rm\d-nb-p-p.

kq-vai-co-cw s-s-XPks- kzm]-v\nIs-t-emIamW-v. A-hns-Sb-pw F-s- kz]-v\ XIcp-XvRm a\nemp-p.

ImcW-i-co-cw i-mamIpt--mg-mW-v Hcp hy-n kpJ-amb-n Dd--pXv.

n A Class One Special Grade bank with Core Banking Facilities

n Safe Locker Available in all Branches.

n A Grade in Audit Classification this year also.

n Members will be Eligible for dividend Continuously.

n Demand Draft Facility Available Throughout India with Minimum Charge

President Secretary

Branches: Karuvissery, Westhill, East Nadakkavu & Kunduparambu

The Calicut North ServiceCo-operative Bank Ltd. No. LL 37H.O.: Karuvissery, Kozhikode- 10 , Ph: 0495 2377934, 2375911

B bp--fn \-n-p- F-m-hscbp-w H-n -v bp-n\-n-v ta-m-N-n-n -m-e-p-m-Ip- lj-ta-mm-W-v Ap\-\-vtcm-a-m-a-p-m-bXv. Ap-\-\-pmb tcmKs 'Ap-\-tcmKw' F-p-w A-Xn\-v sIm-Sp- a-cp--ns\ 'Ir-j-v-W-a-cp-v 'F-p-w kuIcy- n\-m-bn hnfn-m-w.`K

hZvKoXm]T\w

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A-kzX IqSnb-m B ImcWi-co-chpw X]-npw. ]-ns- Dd-whcn.

Bb-ncamb-ncw kz]-v\-fpamb-mW-v Cu b-pfn Rms-\nbXv. Cu al-m`mcXb-pw Ig-n-vt-\SpXmb km{-amPy- n `o-j-va]-nXmal-\pw, t-{-ZmW-mNmcycps-ams-Dmb-ncnW-w. b-pm\cw F-s-t-Py-j-vT\mb b-p[nj-vTnc cmPy-w `cnp-Xp ImW-m Zpt-cy-m[\ Po-hnncp-ns-n ]-ns- Ahs-c t-Xm]-np-Xn F--amW-pXv?''

As-\ "F-s- qe, kq-va, ImcW ico-caqe-s-f H-nt-\b-pw _-m[nncnp Cu am-At-b-m Irj-vW-m Imepw'' F--mW-v A-p\ ]-d-b-p-Xv.

F-s- apJ-w Npnpfnb-p-p(t-a apJ-w ]-cni-pj-y-Xn)

F-s- i-co-cn\v hnd-b DmIp-p (t-h]-Yp i-co-t-c t-a)

t-cmam-hpapmIp-p (t-cmalj-x N Pmb-t-X)

K-mo-hw s-s-Ib-n \n-pXms-g hoW-pt-]-mIp-p. (K-mo-hw{-kwkt-X l-kvXmZv)

s-Xmen Np-ps-]-m-p-p. (XzIvs-s-Nh ]-cnZl-y-t-X)

F-\nv \nh-p \nmt-]-mepw Bhp-n (\iIvt-\may-hmXpw)

F-s- a\p {-`anp-p({- aXoh N t-a a\x)

CXn\mW-v, At-b-m Irj-vW-m,F-\nv ]-cnl-mcw t-hXv.

A-p\\n h Cu hnj-mZw BM-vs-s-I-n t---v \y-qt-d-mknkv(ASN)Bs-W--mW-v hy-mJ-y-m\np ImW-md-p-Xv.

hnImchnt--m`ns-]--t-Xms-S W.B.Im\s- ]T\n]-d--n-p \mep am--p ]-pd-s-a A-p\\n as--ms-c-w IqSnt-cmam-w Dmb-XpIqSn hy-mkhnhcnp-pv. B ImcW- mA-p\\pmb am\knImhs-b am-n\nt-n hcpw. Cu t-cmam-w F-hns-S \n-pmb-n?

B b-pfn \npFmhs-cb-pw H-nv b-pn\n-v t-amNn-nmepmIp lj-t-ammW-v A-p\\v t-cmam-apmb-Xv.

A-p\\pmb t-cmKs-

'A-p\t-cmK-w' F-pw A-Xn\vs-ImSp acp-ns-\ 'Irj-vW-acp-v'F-pw ku-Icy-n\mb-n hnfnmw.

s-s-h-nIXe-fn Cu]-mckv]-cy-s-f BZcnp-Xns- _-l-pam\mlamb kt-mj-hpw, CXnmhs-cms-b-mWt-mF-s- ]-nXmal-mZnIs-fms-b-mb-n\np-hs-c-v Bt-emNnpt--mg-p km]hpw kn{-i-amb-n hHcp hnImcw A-p\\p am{-XaFmhpapmImw. A-X]-hmZa.F--papmImw. GXp cmPy- papmhmw.

t-emIs-hns-Ss-bmw A-p\-mcpt-m A-hns-Ss-bmw CuZi-\n\v kmy-Xb-papv, {-]-knb-papv.

K-mo-hw I-n \n-pw Xms-ghoW-pt-]-mb A-p\ `K-hmt-\mSvXpS-p ]-d-b-p-p:

"At-b-m t-Ii-h, Rm {-]-XnIqefmb A-t-\Iw i-Ip\ImW-p-p. Cu b-pn _-pP\s-f s-Im-n-v F-s-nepw \-b-pmIps-a-v Rm IcpXp-n.

Rm hnPb- n\mb-n B{-K-l-np-n. F-\nb-vv cmPyhpw t-h,kpJhpw t-h. Cu cmPy-w In-nb-n-vF-p t-\Sm\mW-v? At-b-m t-K-mhn,\apv Cu cmPy-w s-Imt-m, kpJ-t-`mK- s-Imt-m, Po-hnXw s-Imp Xs-t-b-m F-mW-v {-]-t-b-mP\w?

Bpt-hnb-mt-W-m RcmPyhpw kpJ-t-`mK-hkvXpfpwt-\Sns-b-Spm\m{-K-l-nXv B hy-nIs-fmw A-hcps-S {-]-mW\pw[\hps-amw _-en Ig-nm X-md-mb-ns-mv CXm b-p`qanb-n Dd-p\np-p.''

A-p\ kzw _-ps-fIXps-Im Ir]-m]-chi-\mb-\neb-n \n-v IXms-W--v HcnIqSn hy-mk hy-amp-pv:

"BNmcymx ]nXcx ]p{XmkvXssYh N ]nXmalmx

amXpemx izizpcmx ]u{Xmxkymemx kw_n\kvXYm.''

(1/34)Ir]-mephmb-n \n A-p\

BXXmb-nIfmbhs-c s-Imp-Xns-X-n F- kvarXnhN\s- b-pwDwL-np \np am\knI`mhnems-W--p ImW-mw.

"At-b-m P\m\m, [rXcm{--

]-p{-X-mcmb Zpt-cy-m[\mZnIs-f s-ImXps-Imv \apv F-p kt-mj-amW-v In-m t-]-mIpXv? ad-nvBXXmb-nIfmb Chs-c s-Im-m\mapw ]-m]-nIfmb-no-cpIt-b-b-p-q.

cmPy-t-em`w s-Imv hnt-hIw\amb Zpt-cy-m[\mZnI Ipew \i-nmepmIp t-Zmj-s-b-pw kvt-\l-nXs-c t-{-Zml-np-Xpaqew h-pt-Ncp ]-m]-s-b-pw A-d-nb-p-ns--ncns-. F--m B t-Zmj--fd-nb-p \mw Xob-mb-pw Acw]-m]-IrXy--fn \n-pw ]-nXncnt--]-q.''

XpS-v Ipe-b-w s-Impkw`hnp t-Zmj--s-f--n A-p\ `Khmt-\mSp ]-d-b-p-p:

"Ipe-b-w kw`hnm ]-ccb-m BNcnp t-]-mcp IpemNmc \i-npIb-pw A-t-Xms-S A-\mNmcA-[Ipes-Zpjn-npIb-pw s-N-pw.

A-[w IqSpXps-Imv kv{-Xo-I Zpj-npw. Cu b-pn-{-Xnb-ho-c-ms-cmw acnp-t-Xms-S -{-Xnb kv{-Xo-I ]-c]-pcpj--ms-c {-]-m]-npw. -A-Xv h-kcn-nShcppw.

h-kcn\nSb-mIp-t-Xms-S ]-ccb-m BNcnp t-]-mcpPmXn[fpw Ipe[fpwCmb-va s-N-s--Spw. Ipe[

\i-n a\pj-yv \n-b-amb-pw\cIns- hknt-nhcps-a

PictureCourtesy:2.bp.blogspot.co

m

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-mW-v t-I-n-p-Xv.cmPy-kpJ-nep Zpcmi s-Im

v _-pP\-s-f s-Imm X-ms-d-Spp h R ]-mh-m,At-b-m `K-mht-\, hfs-c henb]-m]-s- s-N-ms-\mcp-n ]-pd-s--XvI-w Xs--b-mb-ns-b--v Rm a\nemp-p.

Iucht-cmSv F-Xnm X-md-mhms-X \ncmb-p[\mb-n \npF-s- A-h s-Im-m t-]-mepw A-s-X\nv i-pàmt-b `hnq.''

`Khmt-\mSv Cs-\s-b-ms-

]-d-ps-Imv AXo-h ZpxJ-nX\mb-n,CXnIhy-XmaqV-\mb-n A-p\ i-ct- mSpIqSnb Xs- hnns-\ Xms-g-b-n-ps-Imv t-X-nXf-ncp-p.

ò-j-vacpw, t-{-ZmWcps-ams-i-wJ-papg-ng-n-v, Irj-vW\pwA-p\\pw a-p ]-mWvUh-mcpwHs- i-wJ-papg-n A-kv{-X-ft--m-pant--m-pw ]-mb-np Ig-n-mW-v({-]-hrt- i-kv{-X k-mt-ZX F--mW-v K-o-XmhN\w) A-p\\n Cuam-w kw`hnXv.

am{-Xt-am [\pcpZy-ay ]-mh\mW-v F--p ]-d--n-papv.

b-pt-m-pI am\knI \neb-n\n-pw K-mo-hw hg-pXp-Xnt-eb-vv F-nb-Xv XnIpw b-mZr-nIamW-v. A-Xv Xob-mb-pw A-p\a\ns- hg-nncnhmW-v. Cut-emIns-e Zri-y--t-fmSv G-pap-nNXc-v Hcph Zrmb A-h\nt-eb-vv Xncnb-pt--mg-pmIpam-amW-nXv.

']-m-P\y-i-wJ-[z\n' t-IA-p\\nemW-v Cu am-w h-s-X-p-Xpw, ap-v, s-Nb-vXn-p Hcpb-pnepw `K-hm kmcYnb-mb-ncp-n-ns-Xpw F-Spp ]-d-b-Imcy-amW-pXm\pw.

F-s--neps-amcp Znhkw Fmhpw C-s-\ Zrnt-eb-vv Xncnt-b-nhcpw. A-hns-Ss-b-pt--mg-mW-vFmhcpw ]-Xd-p-Xpw.

t-emIp \Sp _-mnFm b-p-fnepw Hcph\v Pb-nm\ms-b--phcpw. F--m -A-camfpI t-]-mepw A-h\ht-\mSpXs-s-Nt--nhcp b-pn ]-cn-o-

W-cmImd-pv.k- ns- ]--mW-v

ùXnI ]--mW-vhnPb-s-anIu-ch hnPb-nps-a-v A-p\\d-nb-mw. ImcW-w A-w (J-P\mhv)Iu-chcps-S s-s-Ihi-amW-v. ad-nvt-Ii-h\p-nSmW-vB]--mW-vPb-s-an X-fps-S hnPb-wDd--mW-pXm\pw. Pb-]-cmPb-Dd--nm\mhms-X A-p\ a\kvZpxJ-np-Xp ImW-mw. Cu hni-zwapg-ph s-h-n-nSnv A-Xn Xs-hnPb-ns- s-h-ns-mSn ]-md-nmt-\mSp A-p\s-\ Hcp `mK-pImW-mw. A-t-Xkab-wXs- Xs-A-xIcW- nt-eb-vv Xncn-pt-\mn X-ns- Xs- hnPb-ns- Xew Is-pt--mg-pmIpi-mnmb-n s-ImXnp A-p\s-\b-pw H-w \mw ImW-p-p. Cucp Xcw NnI-nSb-ns-]--pg-epIb-mW-v A-p\a\v.

(XpScpw)

bp-tmp-I a-m-\knI \-ne-bn \-n-p-w Km--ohw hgp-Xp--Xnte-bv--v FnbXv XnI -p-w bm-Z-r-nIa-mW-v. A-Xv Xo -bmbp-wAp-a-\-ns hgnncnhmW-v. C-u te-m-Inse Z-r-iy--tfm-Sv G-p-a-p-n N-Xcv Hcp-h Z-r-m-b A-h\-nte-bv--v Xncnbp-t-m-gp-m-Ip- a-m-a-m-W-nXv.

\psS CyHscm Cy Hscm P\XAXnn tXmdpw Icw ]ncnpw]menepw tdmUnepwtSm Npanbpw]Ippt]mbv Cy]nfnembv P\w

IhnX

acW-tmòIcw tcmKwAv,Bcpw acnm hon \npwISpIpaWn tNmZnq _pCmsW-n,Bsnepw Imk _m[nmhon\npwAcnaWn tNmZnts\.

`KhZvKoXm]T\w

kpIp-am Iq-tcn

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km[-\m-]Yw

-[\b-ns-e NXnpg-nIs-f--nb-mW-v ]-d--phXv. NXnpg-nIfn

A-Is--SpXpw Po-hnXns-e A-[x]-X\hpw Xopw hy-Xy-kvXamW-v.BZy-t- Xv A-Is---b-m A-d-nb-p-n Xms-\mcp Ipg-np-nems-W-v.D-X\neb-nems-W- hni-zmkhpwD-nepmIpw. F--m cmat- Xn A-Is---h\pw a-p-hcpwA-b-mfps-S nXns-b--n Xopwt-_-m[hmamcmb-ncnpw. CXp a\nemm\mb-n Hcp ]-pcmW IY ]-d-b-mw. ]v, hcml-hXmcn\pt-i-j-wA-hXmtcmt-i-y-w ]-qnb-mnb al-mhnj-vW-p s-s-hIpW-vTnt-ev aS-m X-md-mb-n. ]-Icw, ]--nb-ps-SkzXxknamb kz`mhhnt-i-j--fps-S Nfnpg-nIfn InS-v aZnps-Imncp-p. \mcZ h-v `Khmt-\mSvaS-m A-t-]--nt--m Xm\nhns-SA-Xy-[nIw kp-\mb-ncnp-p

F--mW-v `K-hm ]-d-Xv. ]-n-o-Sv\mcZ\neqs-S 'kzcq]' t-_-m[\w t-I`K-hm Xm F-hns-Sb-ms-W--v a\nemn aS-m X-md-mIp-p.

NXnpg-nI F-t- -mg-pw t-aml-n-np-XmIpw. A-Is-- Ipg-ns-b--nA-Is---h H-pw t-_-m[hm\mb-ncnpIb-n. Hcmfps-S s-Xmg-n A-b-ms-f F-s-\ XShpImc\mp-pF--v \ ]-d--pIg-n-p. \nkwK-Xb-pw \nkzmamb ka-Whpw\ncl-mcamb kao-]-\hpw H-panmXp t-Pmen km[\m]-Yn HcpHg-nb-m_-m[ Xs--b-mW-v. A- cn

ep-h kl-{-]-hIs-c hIs-h

D]m-k-\-bnseNXn-p-gn-I

Fw.-]n. ]WvUnv

km

PictureCourtesy:1.bp.blogspot.com

(Ign ew XpS)

hoWp-t]m-Im Ffp- -amWv D]m-k\-bn. hogp--h Adnbp-Xp Xs-bn Xm hoWp-Ignncnp-p-shv. GsXmcp D]m-kI\pw Adnncnt ]m-TamWv teJI ]p-shbvp--Xv.

D]mk\bnseNXnpgnI

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b-vms-Xb-pw Ahs-c t-hZ\n-npwXs- t-a[mhnw Dd--nps-Impwapt--d-p-p. IqSpX IqSpX A-\y-mnIamb-ns-mv, ]-t- X-fps-S t-]-mns-\ A-h Xncnd-nb-pt--b-n. Xs- t-{-]-m-ml-n-nm\pwA-`n\nm\pap `u-XnIambHu-Xy-w a-p-hns--v IcpXpIb-pw s-N-pw.

]-n-o-Sv \ N s-Nb-vXXvhmb-\sb- --nb-mW-v. a\ns-\ hni-meamm\pw DX t-_-m[mhs-b km-mXvIcnm\pw DXt-Ihmb-\ F-s-\bmWv a\ns-\CSp-nbXpw aeo-akhpamp-XvF--v \mw Ip. F-n\v \mw ]Tnp-p F--p Zni-mt-_-m[w t-]-mepw\apv \-s--Spw. Hcp {-]-t-Xy-IXzi-mkv{-Xnt-eb-vt-m knmnt-eb-vt-m am{-Xamb-n \\s-fs- Npcpp-p. A-hns-Sb-p as--m-pw \ ImW-pIb-pan.t-I{-o-IrXamb hn-m\w \n-pmhmw. ]t--, A-d-nhns- a-p t-aJ-eI Xncb-mXncncpXv. hn-m\w hfcp-XmW-v, K-Xn ap-nbX.

a-p-hcps-S ho-W-t-ImW-neqs-SImW-m \mw F-t--mg-pw X-md-mb-ncnW-w. {-i-o A-chn ]-d-b-md-pv,Hcp Imcy-s---n \apv \-mb-nA-d-nhpmImw. ]t--, A-Xns-F-XnhmZ t-]-mepw A-XmXns-]-cnXnXnIfn kXy-amhmw F--vkXnm X-md-mhpt--mg-mW-v\ps-S hn-m\w -m\amIp-Xv.

l-rZb-hni-meXs-b-, am\knI Hu--Xy-s- ImW-np-p CXv.\ kXnmXpw \kzo-IcnmXpamb Imcy--v]-n-n t-]-mepw Nne kXy--fpm

hmw. B kXy-w Hcp ]-t- Nnepam{-Xw _-m[Iamb-Xpamhmw.hfs-c km[mcWamb as--mcp

NXnpg-nIfmW-v A-\pj-vTm\fpw`P\Ifpw BNmc]-camb Bcm[\Ifpw a-pw. A-XmXv aX-fn Cs-Xms- Bcw`nt--m AXns-\ms-{-]-m[m\yhpw {-]-Xo-ImIamb aqey-hpapmb-ncp-p. D-X kXy- nt-ep {-]-b-mW-n\mb-n C{-nb-s-f DWm t-hnb-mb-ncp-pA-s-Xms- kwhn[m\w s-N-s--Xv.]-Xns-b--Xns-b A-Xns- AIws-]-mcp \-s--SpIb-pw qeamb {-]-Z

i-\]-cXb-nt-eb-vv P\w IqSpX

{-i-nm XpS-pIb-pw s-Nb-vXp.]-qs-f-s-\b-mb-ncnW-w, hnfvInp-Xv F-s-\? BcXn s-Nt-Xv GXphn[n, hn{-K-l-ns- m\w F--ns-\s-b-ms-.

{-i-b-pw Duhpw apg-ph\pwD]-cn-hamb hni-Zmwi--fnt-eb-vvhn\nt-b-mK-np Xopw. Cmev\mw A-Xpt-]-mepw s-N-md-ns--Xvt-hs-d Imcy-w. {-]-m\ t-]-mepwXopw b-m{-nIamW-v. \Ft-m s-Nb-vs-X-p kwXr]-vXn\appmIps-a-p am{-Xw. t-_-m[]-qamXp b-m{-nINe\-fps-S Bh\ Hcp K-pWhpws-N-n. BcXnb-pg-nb-pt--m a\vas--nsenepw hy-m]-cnpIb-mhpw.s-s-II b-m{-nIamb-n Nenp-papmIpw. Xopw t-_-m[]-qamb-nAXo-h {-i-t-b-mSpIqSn s-N-pt--mam{-XamW-v A-\pj-vTm\-v A-w DmIpXv. A-s-n A-hs-hd-pw s-IW-nI am{-XamW-v.

AXpt-]-ms-e `P\b-pw kwK-o-Xhps-ams- kq-vaamb s-s-hImcnI`mh-s-f s-s-Zht- mSSpm k

l-mb-np D]-m[nIfmW-v. Bmhns-\ Nen-np-Xn\v ]Icw A-Xp]-et--mg-pw A-Xv \ps-S t-Zl-s-Nen-np-Xmb-mW-v A-\p`hw. `P\b-n ]-s-Spp-h ]-et--mg-pws-s-hImcnI {-]-IS\-v A-Sns--Sp-Xv ImW-mw. Bhpw I-p\ocpwhnhn[fmb s-s-hImcnI t-N-IfpwCqv {-]-ISn-npw. \ `mcXo-b-cps-S kw`mh\b-mW-v Ccw{-]-IS\ F--v IcpXns-b-ns-X-n. t-emIns- \m\m`mKpw

hnhn[ aXhn`mK--nSb-n`nb-ps-S A-\p_-amb-n Cs-Xms-b-pv. aW-nqd-pIt-fmfw \o-fp\rhpw hmZy-t-L-mjhpw a-pw.By-mnI Xen kzb-ad-nb-ms-X DmIp \rNe\ t-_-m[ns- BcnIamb ]-cnh\^-eamW-v. F--m B XenCX\p`hnp F-{-X t-]-cpv?i-mcocnI t-NI-, By-mnIA-\p`qXnb-ps-S _-l-nkv^-pcW--fmb-n s-X-ncns--Sp-p. A-\pj-vTm\\r-fnepw `P\Ifnepw kaql-{-]-m-\Ifnepw Hs- CXv Gs-d-b-ppXm\pw.

as--mcp apnam-a{-t-X P]-w.hfs-c i-napw ^-ehpambhg-n. a\v A-Xns- hg-npw NppI as--mcp hg-npamb-m P]-ws-Imv F-p ^ew? Hcp ehpw cpehps-ams-b-mb-n kwJ-y-Ifneq-ns-Imv s-N-pt--m P]-w b-m{-nIamhp-p. kt-i-zc\pamb-pkwhmZw {-]-m-\Ifpw kmb-qPyhpwP]- ns- Cu ]-d- e-y-fpwhnkvab-n-ns--Sp-p. AXps-Im

mW-v t-b-mK-i-mkv{-XImc\mb ]-XRvPen alj-n ]-dXv 'XZv P]-xXZ-`mh\w' A-`mh\t-b-ms-Sam{-Xt-a P]-nmhq. \n Dcnp-Xns-\--n \n Xopwt-_-m[hm\mb-ncnW-w. Hmw B\ab-n, Hmw s-s-NX\yab-o F-s--ms-Hmt-cm h-w Dcnpt--mg-pw t-ZhnF-{-Xt- mfw B\w \nd--Xms-W--pw F-{-Xt-mfw s-s-NX\y-w\nd--hfms-W--pap t-_-m[wa\nepmhW-w. P]-nXv aqt--mapt-Xm ap-qt-d-m h-w F- ad-nvP]-np-Xv A-d-n-mhW-w.P]-w Po-

hkp-XmIW-w. _-ml-y-hkvXp-vP]- n\nSw s-ImSppt--m \n-v PK-Zo-i-zc\pamb-p kw\-amhp-p.

s-s-hImcnI `mh-s-f--n ]-d-b-pt--m Hcp {-][m\ kwK-Xn Dv.s-\-n hnImc-fps-S t-hent-b--wA-\p`hs--Sp Hcp eapv. t-b-mK-nI A-\ml-XN{-Is-a-v CXns-\hnfnp-p. A-hns-S kvt-\l-ns-Hcp Ne\w, {-]-m-\b-ps-S Hcp Ne\w, A-s-n s-s-hImcnI Xenep Hcp Io-g-S-ens- Ne\w A-\p`hs- -Spt--m BfpI [cnp-p

A-hcps-S By-mnIX DWs--v.

Hm-w B-\- -abn, Hm-w ssN-X\-ya-bo Fs-ms Hmtcm hwD--cn-p-t-mgp-w tZ-hn F{Xtm-fw B\--w \-ndXm-sW--p-w. F{Xtm-fw ssN-X\-y-w \-ndhfm-sW--p-a-pt_m-[-w a-\-ne-p-m-hW-w.P-]-n -Xv a-qt-m a-p- tXma-p-qtdm hw F a-dn -vP-]-n-p-Xv A-dnm-hW-w:

P-]-w P-ohkp-Xm-IW-w.

km[\m]Yw

km[\m]Yw

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HIvtSm_ 2012

]-s- B Hcp A-h F-pIs-b--m Hcp km[Is-\ kw_-nnSt-mfw Hcp henb t-\-amW-v.s-]-s--s--m-pw F-ns--Sm ]--mHcp D-X m\w Xs--b-mWXv.km[mcW-K-Xnb-n Hcp D]-mkIs-\kw_-nnSt-mfw ap-Xn\Sphj- t-hnhcpw By-mnIkm-mXvmcns-em. ]t--,Fmhpw _-m[IanXv. hy-Xy-kvXXI Dmhmw. By-mnIA-\p`qXnb-pw By-mnI A-\p

`hfpw By-mnI km-mXvmcfpw hy-Xy-kvX-fmW-v.Cs-Xm-pw t-\Sm Xpd-p-phg-nIs-fm-pan. By-mnIXb-ps-Skz`mhw Xs-b-mb kvt-\l-ns-A-\p`qXnb-pmIpt--m \Hcp]-mSv Imcy- hy-amb-n ]cnt-i-m[nt-Xpv. A-Xp \ps-Skzm t-_-m[hpamt-b-m Bhi-y--fpamt-b-m Ima\Ifpamt-b-m HcpXcnepw _-anmXms-W--vDd--nW-w. BXy-mK-ns- kzXknamb _-l-nkv^-pcW-amIW-wAXv. hnj-b-hpamb-n Hcp Xcnepw

_-anm, A-wK-o-Icns-Spt-amCt-b-m F- Bi-b-nm H-mW-s-Xn Xob-mb-pw By-mnIXb-ps-S kph-t-cJ-Ifms-W--vDd--mmw.

\ps-S By-mnI hy-nXzws-s-hImcnIaen\v ]-n-nemW-v.hnImcaeams-W-n \n]-ecps-Sb-pw Imcy-n Hcp i-po-IcW-n\v hnt-[b-amhmXpwt-]-mkn-ohpw s-\K--o-hpamb ]-eXcwhnImchnt--m`-fps-S XncameIfp Hcp ISemWXv. BZy-w \s-Nt-Xv s-\K--o-hmb-Xns-\ t-hXncnp am-n t-]-mkn-o-hmb-Xns-\ \ne

\npI F--p-XmW-v.Bg--fnep By-mnIX

s-b A-\p`hnm A-Xns-\ D]-t-b-mK-npI. Hcp ap hnZK-v s-s-UhnwK-v t-_-mUv D]-t-b-mK-np-XvIn-nt- AXpt-]-ms-e. s-s-hImcnIaew By-mnI aeams-W--v [cnv s-s-hImcnI A-\p`qXnIs-fBy-mnI A-\p`qXnIfmb-n s-X-ncnp A_-w A-Xnkm[mcW-amb-n ]-epw ]--md-pv.

\ps-S Ne\-fns-emw Hcp

A-\p]-mXw Bhi-y-amWv. Cu A-\p]-mXs---nb-p t-_-m[amW-v ku-cy-ns- Bcw`w F--p ]-d-b-mw.Fmnt-b-pw i-cnb-mb A-\p]-mXamW-v ku-cy-w. Gs-Xmcp ImcyhpwL-SI-s-fmw IrXy-amb-n t-N-vkaRvPkamb-n hnpt--mkpcamIp-p. BIj-IXzamW-vku-cy-w F--p s-X-ncns--Smd-pv : I-ns-\ {-`an-npXv. ]-t-ku-cy-ns- clky-w A-wIqSn Bg-nep-XmW-v. \ndnt-emBIrXnb-nt-em F ku-cy-w. A-Xn XpSnp t-_-m[nemW-v.

A-Xp a\nemm A-Xns- A-\p]-mXs---nb-p [mcW \appmhW-w. Fmn\pw A-Xnt-Xmbm\apv. m\w s-X-pt--mt-N \-s--Sp-p.

X]-ns- hg-n ]-npScp-Xn`mcXn\v h ho-g-vNb-pw A-XmW-v.s-s-Zhw X ku-cy-s- b-pw kt-mj-s-b-pw {-]-IrXnb-ps-S s-]-mcps- b-pw Xnckvcnv s-s-hcq]-n\v{-]-mapJy-w s-ImSpp. hy- zhpws-s-hcpyhpw \nt-j-[-fpw(`-W-ns-hkv{-Xns-Dd-ns- \nt-j-[-) kvXpXn

s- -p. Kns- Nnd-IpI CXns-\m

s- apIfnemb-n Ccps--s---pw]-d-b-mw. ]-t- Ccw \nt-j-[-s-fA-wK-o-Icnv A-Xns-\ al-Xzhcnpt--m A-\mhi-yamb s-s-hbnI {-]-m[m\y-w A-hv s-s-IhcpIb-pwA-Xneqs-S A-l-w`mhns-b-pw Kns-b-pw Afhv IqSnqSnhcnIb-pws-N-p-p. X]-n\v am{-Xamb-pX]-v D]-mk\b-ns-e Hcp NXnpg-nXs--b-mW-v. kw\y-mknb-mb-n t-Xm-nms-X kw\y-mknb-mIp-XmW-v\s-X-v ]-d-b-md-pv. t-_-m[n

s-b-pw hy-nXzns-b-pw X\Xmb`mhw GXmt-W-m A-Xn XpScp-XmW-v DNnXw. hy-n\ncmknA-[nj-vTnXamb Cu 'kp-ocnt-b-mcn-n't-_-m[amW-v By-mnIamb-n Db-cm A-fh Ig-nhpIfp ]-epwhne-pXSnb-mb-n \np-Xv.

as--mcp hn\b-mW-v {-]-mamW-y-t-_-m[w. F--ps-hm Rm Fm-n\pwt-as-eb-mW-v, F-s- {-]-t-_-m[\ D-XamW-v, F-s- K-pcphmW-vt-{-i-j-vT. CXv D]-mkIs-cb-pwkwL-S\Is-fb-pw Hcpt-]-ms-e _-m[nmd-pv. Nne hnUvV-nI Cu t-Xm

]-pdpw ImW-npw. F--mNne ka--m hnZK-vamb-n A-XvaqSns-hb-vpw. F--m A-hcps-S kao]-\w Xopw A-\y-mnIamb-nCcnpIb-pw s-N-pw. PqX-m Cu{-]-mamW-y t-_-m[w s-Imp\S-Xns- hne \q-mpIfmb-n HSpns-mncnpIb-mb-ncp-p. Chns-S {-_-mW-yhpw kaql--fps-S \mi-n\pXs- Cd- Hu-Xy-t-_-m[hpwkp-ocnt-b-mcn-nb-pw ImcW-amb-n-pv.

Hcp By-mnI kaql-nA--hyamb H-mW-nXv. [\nIcmb B-mv [\ns-\ Ipd-npKpmImw. A-h Zb-hp-hcpw

PictureCourtesy:briancraword.com

D]mk\bnseNXnpgnI

D]mk\bnseNXnpgnI

7/30/2019 2012 October (One)

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lncWy

a\pj-y-kvt-\l-nIfpw Bb-ncnpw.A-t-Xkab-w A-h B Kv BkzZnp-

2012 october (one)

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