2012 latino mental behavioral health conference: changing the paradigm from stigma to wellness
DESCRIPTION
CCS would like to encourage your attendance for the 2012 Latino Mental Behavioral Health Conference: Changing the Paradigm from Stigma to Wellness on Friday, October 19th at the Chicago School of Professional Psychology. Come listen to Psychiatrist Dr. Daniel Martinez discuss the neuroanatomical basis of brain disorders, focusing on the biopsychosocial medical model, areas of the brain affecting emotions and psychiatric disorders with a clear medical basis.TRANSCRIPT
The Neuroanatomical Basis of Brain Disorders
By Daniel Martinez M.D
Zaid Syed MS4
Medical Model
• George L. Engel – 1977
• Biological, psychological, social, spiritual, cultural factors affect disease and overall wellbeing
• How the cause of the illness stems from functioning of the individuals body
Eitheory.com
Biology
• Very important to stress medical follow up for each patient– Once a year
• Strong connection between body and mind
Biology
• Obtain medical records• Physical Exam– Screening blood test• CBC
– Hematocrit– Hemoglobin
» Rule out anemia • CMP
– Electrolytes– Glucose– Cr/BUN
Biology
• Screening Blood Test (cont)– Liver Function test– Thyroid Function Test
• Hyperthyroidism• Hypothyroidism
– Lipid panel– Drug screen– Pregnancy– Vitamin B12– Folic Acid– Thiamine
http://blog.lib.umn.edu
Neuron in Action
Synthesis and Release of Dopamine
SPECT Scan
Neuroimaging in psychiatry By Tripura Medical College , Slide 23http://www.slideshare.net/shaan_47/neuroimaging-in-psychiatry
Neuroimaging in Psychiatryhttp://www.slideshare.net/shaan_47/neuroimaging-in-psychiatry
Images (c) Dr. Amen
Images (c) Dr. Amen Images (c) Dr. Amen
Images (c) Dr. Amen
http://www.brain-spect.com/SPECTscans/jpg/alz.JPG
OCD
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Epidemiology – Occurs in 2-3% of US population.– Bimodal distribution – 10 y/o and 21 y/o
• Signs and Symptoms– Obsession - Persistent thoughts, ideas and images
that intrude into conscious awareness.– Compulsion – urges or impulses for repetitive
intentional behavior performed in a stereotyped manner in an attempt to alleviate the anxiety caused by the obsessions.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Pathogenesis– Orbitofrontal dysfunction and frontal/parietal
white matter changes.– Prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus and basal
ganglia dysfunction are implicated. – By using PET scan, patient after treatment had a
reduction in cerebral metabolism in these areas. – Serotonin is also believed to play an integral role.
active front-on view Heavy increased cingulate activity and right and left anterior lateral prefrontal
cortex activity (together termed hyperfrontality).
http://www.londonneurofeedback.com/uploads/2/2/9/8/2298352/8876880.jpg
Autism
Autism
• Epidemiology • 3 – 2- 1- 1– Before the age of 3– Two social problems (PRNS)– One communication problem (LISP)– One inflexible behavior problem (PIMP)
Autism
• Etiologys– Dr Andrew Wakefield• measles vaccineintestinal inflammation “leaky gut
syndrome”harmful proteins can affect brain Autism
– In 1998, Wakefield & a group of colleagues published a research study in the British medical journal, The Lancet, which linked inflammatory bowel symptoms in 12 autistic children to the Measles-Mumps-Rubella vaccine
Autism
• More than 20 peer-reviewed epidemiologic studies have shown no link between MMR & autism.
• Functional brain-imaging studies show under activation in areas associated with planning & control of complex actions, & in areas linked with processing socioemotional information.
http://www.brain-spect.com/SPECTscans/jpg/normsag.jpg
Autistic patientNormal
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
• Pathogenesis– Overall unknown, however many associations are
known. – Genetical component: observed concordance rate is
about 40-50% in monozygotic twins, and 5-10% in dizygotic twins.
– Environmental components• Obstetrical complications• Infections• Inflamation• Cannibus use
http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/szb/13/1/images/szb_13_1_115_fig11a.jpg
Depression
Depression
• Epidemiology – 17% of the US population• 10-14% of medical inpatients1
– linked to social conditions
• Rule out hypothyroidism• Association with Parkinson disease and
dementia1. Katon, W. Epidemiology of Depression in Primary Care. General Hospital Psychiatry 1992. July 14(4). 237-247
Depression
• Pathogenesis- – Deficiency in excitatory neurotransmitters
– Neurotransmitter – • Serotonin
http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/health_tools/depression_overview_slideshow/mayo_c7_pet_depression.jpg
ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Pathogenesis– Genetic Factor
• Concordance as high as 92% in monozygotic twins and 33% in dizygotic twins.
Psychostimulant needed.
http://www.adhd.org.nz/petscan.jpg
Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder
• Episodic mood shifts of mania, major depression, hypomania & mixed states
• Pathophysiology– Altered circadian rhythmicity
http://www.brain-spect.com/SPECTscans/jpg/alz.JPG
Thank You!!
Thank you again!