2012 annual report · 2015-01-30 · iii escap multi-donor trust fund for tsunami, disaster and...
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ESCAP Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness in Indian Ocean and Southeast Asian Countries
2012 ANNUAL REPORT
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ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness for Indian Ocean and Southeast Asian Countries
Annual Report 2012
March 2013
ESCAP Rajadamnern Nok Avenue 10200 Bangkok – Thailand www.unescap.org The designations employed and the presentations of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
This publication has been issued without formal editing.
Reproduction and dissemination of material in this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder, provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this publication for sale or other commercial purposes, including publicity and advertising, is prohibited without the written permission of the copyright holder. Applications for such permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of reproduction, should be addressed to the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific on the address above.
ST/ESCAP/2656
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Contributions
As of 31 December 2012, the ESCAP Multi-Donor Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness in the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia (hereinafter referred to as “the Fund”) had received US$ 13.1 million in contributions and in kind support from the following donors:
Bangladesh US$10,000
Nepal US$2,000
Philippines (the) US$20,000
Sweden
US$2,868,139.39 Thailand
US$10,000,000 Turkey
US$200,000
The Netherlands provided an Associate Expert from September 2008 to April 2011. ESCAP contributed to the Fund in kind with technical expertise and administrative assistance.
Member countries and partners
Special thanks are extended to the ESCAP member countries covered by the Fund and partners that work together with ESCAP to contribute to more resilient coastal communities, and ultimately to save lives and reduce loss and damage from disasters.
Australia Bangladesh Brunei
Darussalam Cambodia China India Indonesia
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Lao People’s Democratic
Republic (the)
Malaysia Maldives Myanmar Pakistan Philippines (the)
Singapore Sri Lanka Thailand Timor-Leste Viet Nam
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Foreword Since its establishment in 2005, the ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness has proven an effective vehicle for building resilience by promoting regional cooperation, strengthening capacities at various levels, and facilitating the sharing of data, tools and expertise. As of the end of 2012, the Fund had supported 22 projects with a total budget of approximately US$ 12.3 million, benefiting 19 Indian Ocean and Southeast Asian countries. In April 2012, following two powerful earthquakes off the coast of North Sumatra, tsunami early warning systems across the Indian Ocean region, which the Trust Fund has supported, responded successfully and showed that significant progress has been made since 2005. The Trust Fund’s value-added was once more demonstrated in December 2012, when one of its partner organizations, the Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System (RIMES), correctly predicted, with several days lead time, that Typhoon Bopha would make landfall in southern Philippines, and not further north as indicated by several other sources. Despite the reduced numbers of deaths from natural disasters in Asia-Pacific, risks are still rising across the region. People in Asia-Pacific are four times more likely to be affected by disasters than those in Africa, and 25 times more likely than those in Europe or North America. Disasters also undermine economic and social development. In 2012, floods and storms caused 56 per cent of the economic damages in the region. For a region at such high risk, additional investments in resilience are not a choice, but a necessity. Although large-scale disasters, such as powerful earthquakes, tsunamis and floods, are most prominently reported in the media, the weather-related, small-scale but frequent disasters have the greatest cumulative impact, particularly in countries with low coping capacity. In this context, strengthening early warning systems for coastal hazards, while actively involving the most vulnerable communities, remains a top priority in order to build resilience, save lives and reduce the impact of future disasters. In addressing these challenges, ESCAP’s approach is driven by the member States’ demand for regional cooperation aimed at strengthening end-to-end early warning systems and adaptation for extreme weather events. Our strategy is to work with partners to enhance regional intergovernmental mechanisms and to address the specific needs of countries with capacity limitations. I would like to once more express my deep gratitude to the Royal Thai Government as the founding donor of the Trust Fund, as well as to Sweden, Bangladesh, the Philippines, Nepal and Turkey for their generous contributions. My appeal to member States is to continue to make investments in resilience through the Fund, and as such contribute to sustained social and economic development across the region.
Dr. Noeleen Heyzer Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations and Executive Secretary, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
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Results Summary
Since 2005, major progress has been made in building a regional tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean. In October 2011, a key milestone was reached when the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (IOTWS) went into operation, with Australia, India and Indonesia as the regional service providers tasked with issuing tsunami warnings. In November 2012, it was agreed that the service providers would assume full responsibility for issuing international tsunami warnings for the IOTWS by 31 March 2013. The Trust Fund was one of the many contributors to this new system, in particular through support for the adaptation of SOPs for tsunami warning procedures and emergency response, and the establishment of RIMES.
On 11 April 2012, the new warning system was tested following two earthquakes of magnitude 8.6 and 8.2 off the coast of North Sumatra. Within minutes, the tsunami early warning centers in Indonesia, India and Australia, working with partners such as RIMES, were able to analyze the seismic data and issue bulletins for a potential tsunami to all the Indian Ocean Countries. In turn, emergency operation centers in Indonesia and Sri Lanka activated their established SOPs and disseminated warnings to towns and villages in vulnerable areas through various communication channels including broadcast media. As a result, thousands of people were quickly evacuated from the coast and taken to higher and safer ground.
Fortunately, no tsunami was generated on 11 April, and the tsunami warning was cancelled after a couple of hours. However, this event demonstrated the progress made since 2005 in strengthening resilience through the building of early warning systems, and also highlighted areas in need of further investments and collaboration.
An effective regional coordination mechanism for tsunami early warning has been established through the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (IOC-UNESCO). Early warning capacities at the national level have also been significantly enhanced. As documented by an independent evaluation in 2011, the Trust Fund has played a significant role, in this regard, as one of the few available financial resources for regional tsunami early warning.
The Fund’s support for member States with limited capacity, delivered via partners such as RIMES, the Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC) and UNDP, remains well appreciated. RIMES provides a broad range of services including short, medium and long-term weather prediction and modeling and localized hydro-meteorological risk information within the framework of World Meteorological Organization (WMO). In 2012, the position of RIMES was further consolidated, with the approval of a resource mobilization plan by its members.
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Contents
Contributions ........................................................................................................I
Foreword .............................................................................................................. II
Results Summary...............................................................................................III
Contents...............................................................................................................IV
1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 1
2 Results of Fund-supported Projects......................................................... 2
3 Governance and Management ................................................................ 10
4 Resource Management ............................................................................. 13
Abbreviations..................................................................................................... 16
Annex 1: Status of Fund-supported Projects ................................................ 17
Annex 2: Secretariat Monitoring and Advocacy Missions......................... 23
Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness.................. 24
Photo: Tsunami evacuation route in Krabi Province, Thailand (Source: ESCAP).
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1 Introduction
The Indian Ocean tsunami of December 2004 resulted in widespread loss of human life and livelihoods, severe damage to infrastructure and ecosystems, and large economic costs. Following this disaster, there was a strong recognition of the need to undertake a coordinated, long-term effort to mitigate the impact of natural disasters through effective preparedness and prevention measures, including the establishment and further strengthening of early warning systems.
The ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness was established in 2005 following a US$ 10 million contribution from the Royal Thai Government. The Fund is part of the overall United Nations effort to strengthen resilience across the region. The Fund contributes to narrowing capacity gaps and supports the development of an integrated, regional early warning system comprised of a network of collaborative centres. In 2011, the scope of the Fund was expanded from tsunamis to also cover disaster and climate preparedness among its core areas of support, while retaining a focus on end-to-end early warning for coastal hazards.
ESCAP is entrusted with managing and administering the Fund, and draws on its mandate as the commission for Asia and the Pacific to promote regional cooperation and integration for effective disaster risk reduction.
As of the end of 2012, the Fund had received contributions totalling US$ 13.1 million from the governments of Thailand, Sweden, Turkey, Bangladesh, the Philippines and Nepal.
In accordance with the Fund’s Terms and Conditions, this Annual Report provides an overview of the results of the Fund in 2012. It also describes the financial status of the Fund, and the activities carried out by the Secretariat.
Illustration adapted from IOC Technical Series No. 71.
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2 Results of Fund-supported Projects
Portfolio
As of the end of 2012, 22 projects with a total budget of approximately US$ 12.3 million had been approved in the seven rounds of funding completed since the Fund’s inception. Twelve projects had been fully completed, including one in 2012 (TTF-08). Another two projects (TTF-13 and TTF-14) finalized the implementation of activities in 2012, but had not yet finalized all reporting requirements by the end of the calendar year (see also Annex 1). Through the various projects, the Fund is supporting priority areas such as development of a regional tsunami warning service, capacity building and development of SOPs and related tools at the national and subnational levels, education on and knowledge of disaster risks, and links between early warning arrangements and the media.
Photo: Seismic Station in Sittwe, Myanmar, provided through project TTF-02 (Source: RIMES).
Generation and Application of Early Warning Information
RIMES, which was created with support from the Fund, provides tsunami watch services, complementing the Regional Tsunami Service Providers Australia, India and Indonesia. The services of RIMES are in high demand, as several of its member countries do not have an independent tsunami warning capacity. RIMES also helps countries apply hydro-meteorological risk information for decision making at the national and local levels. Services cover the provision of daily numerical weather predictions, monitoring and provision of severe weather information forecasts, and seasonal climate outlooks for climate risk management and preparedness.
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Three Trust Fund projects implemented with ADPC contributed to the initial establishment of RIMES. In 2012, the Fund approved the RIMES project "Enhancing Coastal Hazard Early warning and Response” (TTF-17), which focuses on the strengthening of early warning tools and institutions in Myanmar, Sri Lanka, the Philippines and Thailand.
As part of project “Reducing Risks for Tsunami, Storm Surges, Large Waves and other Natural Hazards in Low Elevation Coastal Zones” (TTF-16), implemented jointly by RIMES and WMO, multi-stakeholder national monsoon forums were established and supported in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, in collaboration with the respective National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS). These annual forums serve as a useful platform for NMHSs and their partners to identify lessons learned from previous monsoon seasons, take stock of available tools and services, share forecasts for the upcoming season, and strengthen joint preparedness activities.
An early warning system evaluation guide was also developed as part of TTF-16. In 2012, the guide was piloted during early warning audits in Bangladesh, Maldives and Myanmar, and also used during field activities and dialogues in India and Sri Lanka. Selected communities at risk in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar and Sri Lanka were connected to the early warning system, and 24-hour “warning points” were established in pilot sites. At the same time, capacity building activities for the application of early warning information products were initiated in the target countries.
Photo: Workshop on SOPs for Tsunami warning and response, held in Nay Phi Taw, Myanmar, 6-10 March 2012, as part of project TTF-16 (Source: ESCAP).
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Strengthening Early Warning Systems for Extreme Weather Events
The project “Strengthening Early Warning Systems for Extreme Weather Events to Advance Climate Risk Management in the South East Asian Region” (TTF-15), implemented by UNDP’s Asia-Pacific Regional Centre in partnership with RIMES, supports the relevant authorities in Cambodia and Timor-Leste in better accessing and using information on extreme weather conditions. In 2012, the project completed assessments of capacities in the two target countries, which identified gaps in the areas of weather monitoring, observation and forecasting.
In May 2012, a regional training workshop on weather forecasting was organized by RIMES for 17 participants from national hydro-meteorological services, disaster management offices and other relevant actors in Cambodia and Timor-Leste, strengthening national capacities for accessing, interpreting and disseminating the weather forecasts that are being generated at the regional level. Later in 2012, two officials from each country attended a two-month intensive training in weather forecasting provided by RIMES.
Graphic: Sample rainfall forecast for Timor-Leste, simulated by the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model used during training sessions as part of project TTF-15 (Source: UNDP).
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In parallel, recognizing the importance of documenting the impact of past disasters while preparing for future events, the project supported the establishment of national disaster loss databases in Cambodia and Timor-Leste. As part of this effort, UNDP seized opportunities to promote the sharing of experience and expertise among countries in the region. In May 2012, UNDP organized a training workshop in Bahasa language, where 30 government officials from Timor-Leste were briefed by their Indonesian counterparts on the latter’s experience in establishing and managing a disaster loss database at BNPB. Likewise, in Cambodia, the project supported a national workshop as well as the development of a plan to set up a disaster loss database at NCDM.
Tsunami Risk Awareness
The IOC-UNESCO project “Communicating the effects of the 1945 Makran tsunami” (TTF-21) aims to increase awareness of, and preparedness for, tsunami events in the Makran region, with a focus on Pakistan, Iran and India. The project was selected for support in 2012 during the Fund’s seventh round of funding. It builds on a previous Fund-supported project (TTF-11), which strengthened tsunami assessment and raised awareness of the Makran fault line as a potential source of tsunamis. As a result of the first project, awareness of the Makran tsunami hazard among relevant national institutions in Pakistan has significantly improved. Networks of experts in countries around the Makran have been strengthened, and new linkages with paleotsunami experts from Thailand, Indonesia, United States and Chile have been established.
Building Tsunami Resilience in Indian Ocean Countries
The UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre completed the implementation of the project “Building Risk Knowledge to Enhance Early Warning, Preparedness and Mitigation in Tsunami-Affected Countries” (TTF-13) in August 20121. An independent evaluation found that this project successfully contributed to a higher level of preparedness and resilience in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and other Indian Ocean countries by building the capacity of government agencies at the national, provincial and local level to undertake comprehensive tsunami risk assessments. Specifically, the project delivered high-quality training programmes, manuals, drills and modelling on tsunami risk assessment to enhance preparedness, mitigation and early warning systems. In Sri Lanka, UNDP documented the experience from the port city of Galle in a case study,
1 Project activities for project TTF-13 were successfully completed in August 2012. However, in the tables contained in this Annual Report for 2012, the project is still listed as ‘ongoing’, as the final financial statement from UNDP was expected in March 2013. As a result, the Project TTF-13 was not considered ‘completed’ in administrative terms, as of 31 December 2012.
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which was shared with all 28 member countries of the ICG/IOTWS in an effort to promote learning across the region. In Indonesia, pilot tsunami risk assessments were undertaken in Simeulue and Majene, and the experiences from those two locations were incorporated into draft national guidelines for tsunami risk assessment developed by PNPB, the National Disaster Management Agency.
As part of the project, UNDP worked with the ICG/IOTWS to enhance tsunami-related SOPs both at the regional level and in Indonesia and Sri Lanka, the two target countries. Specifically, the project contributed to the establishment of SOPs by the countries located around the Indian Ocean, which in turn enabled the successful launch of the regional tsunami early warning system in October 2011, led by Australia, Indonesia, Indiana and the Thailand-based RIMES. Although the development and approval of such SOPs are often a lengthy and complicated process, the independent evaluation of the UNDP project supported by the Trust Fund found that the SOPs had been well internalized by the target countries and had helped significantly in developing national SOPs to support early warning, evacuation and response, ultimately leading to greater resilience in coastal communities.
Photo: National Training Workshop on Tsunami Risk Assessment at the BMKG (national meteorological agency) Training Centre in Citeko, Indonesia, supported by the Trust Fund through project TTF-13 (Source: UNDP APRC).
DRR Broadcasting and Communication
“The Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union (ABU) Disaster Risk Reduction Broadcast Media Initiative” (TTF-19) was among the six Trust Fund-supported projects
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initiated in 2012. Recognizing that early warning systems will fail unless the information reaches the most vulnerable people in a timely and understandable manner, this project aims to make broadcast media an integral part of national early warning systems, with a focus on India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand. This includes working with national disaster management authorities to integrate the role of broadcast organizations into the relevant coordination mechanisms and SOPs for different hazards. In 2012, as an initial step, ABU updated its handbook Emergency Warning Broadcasting Systems2 and started preparing a manual on disaster recovery for broadcasters. The new project builds on the “ABU Early Warning Broadcast Media Initiative” (TTF-12), which was completed in 2011 and focused on messaging and other operational aspects of early warning broadcasting.
Gender Equality
All projects supported by the Fund are required to identify gender specific issues that should be taken into account during project implementation. As part of the project “Strengthening Community-Based Disaster Risk Management” (TTF-14), the Raks Thai Foundation made great efforts to increase the awareness of the role of women in disaster risk management at various levels. At the Asia-Pacific regional level, Raks Thai incorporated gender into its capacity building activities, including trainings for 131 participants from 16 countries on the integration of climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction. Likewise, gender was mainstreamed into the national capacity building programme, which included learning events, knowledge networking and advocacy activities for 420 participants in five countries (Cambodia, Pakistan, Timor-Leste, Sri Lanka and Indonesia) At the provincial level, in Krabi Province, Thailand, Raks Thai used ‘learning labs’ to reach over 2,000 government officials, civil society representatives and community members with information on community-based disaster risk reduction. This effort included additional gender sensitivity training for key persons involved in the preparation and implementation of disaster risk reduction plans. At the local level, in Koh Lanta and Klong Prasong sub-districts of Krabi, Raks Thai made the issue of gender in an integral part of workshops for community members focusing on the preparation and implementation of local disaster risk management plans. Women were specifically encouraged to participate in the community-based disaster risk reduction committees that were created as part of the project. This was well received by participants, who observed that men in the most vulnerable communities often worked far away from their homes, for example as fishermen, with the result that many women working from home
2 Available for download at http://www.abu.org.my
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needed to take on a large responsibility in preparing for, and responding to, a future natural disaster. The experience of promoting gender equality through this project was documented in a video documentary, which is available in Thai and English on the Raks Thai website3.
Photo: A woman from Baan Koh Klang, Kari, Thailand, during a tsunami drill exercise, April 2012 (Source: Raks Thai Foundation).
UN Coordination and Aid Effectiveness
The Fund continues to benefit from strong partnerships, in particular with other United Nations entities (IOC-UNESCO, ISDR, OCHA, UNDP, UNEP and WMO) which, among other things, attended Advisory Council meetings as observers, contributed to technical publications, and participated in the Inter-Agency Task Force, reviewing and providing technical comments on proposals received under the seventh round of funding. These contributions have helped to increase United Nations coherence and coordination in this area of work.
There is also evidence that availability of a United Nations, coordinated, multi-donor fund in this area has promoted cooperation between different stakeholders, e.g., through joint proposals to the Fund and other partnership arrangements under Fund-supported projects. In support of SOP for tsunami early warning, UNDP and IOC-UNESCO worked closely together on projects TTF-04 and TTF-14. The project on Reducing Risks for Tsunami, Storm Surges, Large Waves and other Natural Hazards in Low Elevation Coastal Zones (TTF-
3 www.raksthai.org/new/media.php
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16), jointly implemented by RIMES and WMO, is strengthening the cooperation between the two organizations.
Implementing partners are strongly encouraged to integrate projects into wider regional and national early warning and DRR programmes. For project TTF-15, UNDP has been integrating project activities into broader risk reduction programmes in Indonesia, Timor Leste and Cambodia. For project TTF-16, RIMES builds on existing platforms to enhance the relevance of early warning products, instead of creating new ones.
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3 Governance and Management The Trust Fund is managed by ESCAP on behalf of the donors in cooperation with other partners and stakeholders. The Fund’s governance structure includes an Advisory Council, an Inter-Agency Task Force and a Secretariat.
Advisory Council
The Advisory Council includes the Executive Secretary of ESCAP and representatives from the founding donor Thailand and key donor4 Sweden. The Advisory Council makes funding and policy decisions related to the Fund. The following United Nations entities are observers in the Advisory Council: IOC-UNESCO, OCHA, UNDP, UNEP UNISDR and WMO.
The Fund’s twelfth Advisory Council meeting was held on 15 May 2012. At this meeting, the Advisory Council approved six projects with a total budget of US$ 2,283,589, as part of the seventh round of funding.
Inter-Agency Task Force
The Inter-Agency Task Force provides technical guidance to the Fund. As such, it reviews proposals for Trust Fund resource considerations; provides technical advice in response to Advisory Council information requests; and reviews substantive amendments to ongoing projects supported by the Fund.
The Task Force is chaired by the Chief of the Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD) of ESCAP with the Senior Regional Coordinator of the UNISDR acting as Alternate Chairperson. The Task Force also includes representatives from ESCAP’s Social Development Division and Environment and Development Division; and representatives from IOC-UNESCO and UNDP. The Fund’s Programme Officer acts as the Secretary. In 2012, the Task Force met on 27 February, 2 April and 18 April to review and provide technical comments on proposals for decision by the Advisory Council.
Secretariat
As the administrator of the Fund, ESCAP acts as the Secretariat. One Programme Officer is financed by the Fund. ESCAP provides administrative support staff to the Fund. In addition, professional staff of IDD provides managerial guidance and technical advice to the secretariat.
4 Donors contributing more than 20 per cent of the remaining balance of the Fund are considered key donors.
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General Trust Fund Management
ESCAP managed agreements with implementing organizations for eleven projects that were ongoing in 2012, including six projects starting that year, reviewed progress reports and project evaluations, tracked financial resources, periodically updated the Fund’s website with information on progress on Fund-supported projects, and carried out Fund-level reporting, including the annual report of the Fund.
Transfer of Ownership of Fund-supported Equipment
The transfer of ownership of Fund-supported communications equipment (provided as part of TTF-06) to the Disaster Management Centre in Sri Lanka was completed in 2012. Likewise, the handover of the sea level station at Lubang, Mindoro, in the Philippines (provided as part of TTF-01) was completed. Both transfer processes were initiated in 2011, following decisions taken by the Advisory Council.
After endorsement by the United Nations Property Survey Board, and approval by the authorized official, the equipment was handed over to the respective organizations in the Philippines and Sri Lanka.
Photo: Equipment at the Lubang Sea Level Station in Mindoro, which was handed over to the National Mapping and Resource Information Authority (NAMRIA) of the Philippines in January 2012 (Source: RIMES).
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Following the guidance provided by the Advisory Council at its meeting on 15 May 2012, the Secretariat initiated the administrative steps required for the handover of the seismic station in Sittwe to the Government of Myanmar. The formal handover of this station, which was established as part of TTF-02, was planned to take place in 2013.
Seventh Round of Funding
The Fund’s seventh round of funding was launched on 17 November 2011, with a closing date of 25 January 2012. A total of 68 proposals were received, up from 20 proposals in the sixth round of funding, requesting a total of US$ 26,401,879.46. The Inter Agency Task Force reviewed the proposals and presented its recommendations to the Advisory Council for decision.
On 15 May 2012, the Advisory Council decided to support the following six projects, with a total budget of US$2,283,589: (i) Enhancing Coastal Hazard Early Warning and Response: Tools and Institutional Strengthening (RIMES); (ii) Technical Assistance for Enhancing the Capacity of End-to-End Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems for Coastal Hazards in Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Philippines (ADPC); (iii) Disaster Risk Reduction Broadcast Initiative (ABU); (iv) Enhancing Tsunami Risk Assessment and Management, Strengthening Policy Support and Developing Guidelines for Tsunami Exercises in Indian Ocean Countries (IOC-UNESCO); (v) Communicating the Effects of the 1945 Makran Tsunami to Increase Awareness and Preparedness of Tsunami Hazards in the Makran Region (IOC-UNESCO); and, (vi) Synergized Standard Operating Procedures for Coastal Multi-Hazard Early Warning System (Typhoon Committee).
Advocacy
The Secretariat made presentations on the Trust Fund at the 44th Session of WMO/ESCAP Typhoon Committee in Hangzhou, China on 6 February 2012, and at the 39th Session of WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones in Nay Phi Taw, Myanmar, on 6-10 March 2012. During the latter mission, the Secretariat also organized a workshop jointly with IOC-UNESCO and RIMES on the Standard Operating Procedures for tsunami warning and response.
The Secretariat participated in the 5th Council Meeting of RIMES in New Delhi, India, on 19-21 June 2012. At this meeting, it worked with technical teams from RIMES member countries on the technical components of the 2010-2014 Master Plan as well as the resource mobilization strategy, which were subsequently presented for approval during the Ministerial Conference.
On 27-30 November 2012, the Secretariat participated in the 9th Session of Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (ICG/IOTWS-IX) in Jakarta, Indonesia, and made a presentation on the Trust Fund.
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4 Resource Management5 As of end 2012, the total balance of the Fund was US$ 1,377,741.75. In October 2011, the Advisory Council approved an estimate of US$ 824,000 for Secretariat costs from 2012 to end 2014, including US$ 552,440.50 for 2013-2014, making the available balance for programming US$ 825,301.25.
Table 4.1: Unallocated resources as of 31 December 2012 (US$)
Balance
31 Dec 2011 Allocations
(2012) Interest (2012)
Unspent balance (projects and
Secretariat costs)
Contribu-tions (2012)
Amended projects (2012)
Balance at 31 Dec 2012
3,577,501.25 -2,608,212.35 +21,650.42 +386,802.43 0.00 0.00 1,377,741.75
Total unspent Fund balance (US$) 1,377,741.75
Estimated Secretariat support (2013-2014, including PSC) 552,440.50
Available for programming 825,301.25
Table 4.2: Resources allocated but unspent as of 31 December 2012 (US$)
Item Balance at
31 Dec 2012 Notes
Grants agreements
Grant TTF-08 65,246.00 Funding recovered (unspent terminal balance).
Grant TTF-09 103,301.64 Funding recovered (unspent terminal balance).
Grant TTF-10 28,559.79 Funding recovered (unspent terminal balance).
Grant TTF-11 80,959.11 Funding recovered (unspent terminal balance).
PSC on grants 8,341.99
Total grants 286,408.53
Secretariat support
Support activities
79,854.30 Unspent funding that had been allocated for secretariat support 2011-2012.
Programme Officer post
17,615.51 Unspent funding that had been allocated for secretariat support 2011-2012.
PSC 2,924.09
Total Secretariat 100,393.90
Total 386,802.43
5 Funds are “programmed” when the Advisory Council has agreed to support an activity. Funds are “allocated” when ESCAP has transferred them from the Global Tsunami Trust Fund account to a specific project account. Funds are “expended” or “committed” when ESCAP has made a formal funding commitment through a Letter of Agreement signed between ESCAP and the implementing organization.
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As of end December 2012, the Fund had programmed grants to 22 projects for a total of US$ 12,331,116.92. Of this amount, US$ 9,632,382.52 had been transferred to implementing organizations, with an expenditure of US$ 8,362,289.79 as per the latest progress reports. An overview of the status of grants is provided in Table 4.3.
Table: 4.3 Financial status of grants (as of 31 December 2012) (US$)
Project number
Implementing Organization (IO)
Funds programmed
Funds committed/ expended by ESCAP
Funds transferred to IO
Funds expended by IO6
Status
TTF-01 ADPC 247,901.00 247,901.00 247,901.00 247,901.00 completed
TTF-02 ADPC 2,358,984.75 2,358,984.75 2,358,984.75 2,358,984.75 completed
TTF-03 Asian Disaster Reduction Center
79,819.00 79,819.00 79,819.00 79,819.00 completed
TTF-04 IOC-UNESCO 339,067.55 339,067.55 339,067.55 339,067.55 completed
TTF-05 UNDP-Maldives 122,276.69 122,276.69 122,276.69 122,276.69 completed
TTF-06 Disaster Management Centre, Sri Lanka
153,282.65 153,282.65 153,282.65 153,282.65 completed
TTF-07 ADPC 774,674.00 774,674.00 774,674.00 774,674.00 completed
TTF-08 Maldives Meteorological Service
276,128.00 276,128.00 276,128.00 276,128.00 completed
TTF-09 UNDP Indonesia 1,552,779.36 1,552,779.36 1,552,779.36 1,552,779.36 completed
TTF-10 UNESCO Office Jakarta
573,003.21 573,003.21 573,003.21 573,003.21 completed
TTF-11 IOC-UNESCO 128,603.89 128,603.89 128,603.89 128,603.89 completed
TTF-12 Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union
312,275.82 312,275.82 312,275.82 312,275.82 completed
TTF-13 UNDP APRC 344,385.60 344,385.60 344,385.60 344,385.60 ongoing
TTF-14 Raks Thai Foundation 600,000.00 600,000.00 438,000.00 514,238.72 ongoing
TTF-15 UNDP APRC 381,066.40 381,066.40 157,920.00 110,637.83 ongoing
TTF-16 RIMES and WMO 1,818,274.00 1,818,274.00 1,047,102.00 369,053.00 ongoing
TTF-17 RIMES 484,990.00 484,990.00 78,898.00 23,473.00 ongoing
TTF-18 ADPC 486,304.00 486,304.00 145,891.00 63,100.35 ongoing
TTF-19 ABU 237,692.00 237,692.00 50,000.00 15,801.00 ongoing
TTF-20 IOC-UNESCO 480,947.00 480,947.00 288,500.00 0 ongoing
TTF-21 IOC-UNESCO 121,662.00 121,662.00 73,000.00 0 ongoing
TTF-22 Typhoon Committee 457,000.00 457,000.00 89,890.00 2,804.37 ongoing
Total 12,331,116.92 12,331,116.92 9,632,382.52 8,362,289.79
6 As of most recent progress report or terminal report.
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There were no new cash contributions to the Fund in 2012. Table 4.4 provides an overview of donor shares for the remaining balance of the Fund.
Table 4.4: Donor contributions and shares as of 31 December 20127
Donor shares Percentage Amount (US$)
Government of Thailand 69.58% 958,632.71
Government of Sweden 26.53% 365,514.89
Other donors (Bangladesh, Nepal, the Philippines and Turkey)
3.89% 53,594.15
TOTAL FUND BALANCE 1,377,741.75
Every effort is made to keep Secretariat costs low, while ensuring sufficient management, oversight and outreach to maximize Fund results. For the first eight years of operation of the Fund, 2005-2012, the Secretariat expenditure was about ten per cent of total funds disbursed, in other words, about a 9/1 ratio of projects to administrative costs. The expenditure included staff cost (Programme Officer), Fund monitoring and evaluation, Fund advocacy and programme support costs.
7 Donor shares in the Fund are spent on a pro-rata basis. Donors with greater than a 20% share in the Fund are represented on the Fund’s Advisory Council.
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Abbreviations
ABU Asia Pacific Broadcasting Union
ADPC Asia Disaster Preparedness Centre
DMC Disaster Management Centre, Sri Lanka
DMH Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Myanmar
DRR Disaster Risk Reduction
ESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
ICG/IOTWS Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System
IOC-UNESCO Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO
ISDR International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
RIMES Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia
UNDP APRC United Nations Development Programme Asia Pacific Regional Centre
WMO World Meteorological Organization
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Annex 1: Status of Fund-supported Projects
(Note: Completed projects listed with shaded background.)
Project No. / Organisation/ Project Dates8
Project name Project Results
TTF-01
ADPC
August 2006 - April 2010
Support to the establishment of capacities in the region to observe and evaluate anomalous sea level conditions for early warning of tsunamis in the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia
Near real-time sea level stations were established/upgraded in the Philippines (Subic, Lubang) and Viet Nam (Qui Nhon and Vung Tau). The stations are operational, with station data shared globally through the WMO’s Global Telecommunication System. Technical staff members of partner agencies were trained on station operation and maintenance. Ownership of the stations in Subic, Lubang, Qui Nhon and Vung Tau was transferred to national Government counterparts.
TTF-02
ADPC
July 2007 - June 2010
End-to-end early warning of tsunamis and other natural hazards for disaster preparedness and mitigation in the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia: Phase 1
Seismic stations were established in Myanmar (Sittwe), the Philippines (Santa) and Viet Nam (Dalat and Son La) and are operational. Ownership of the stations in the Philippines and Viet Nam was transferred to national Government counterparts. The Tsunami Alert Rapid Notification System (TARNS) was prepared in Sri Lanka, Maldives and Myanmar, detailing the warning dissemination procedure at national and local levels. The Incident Command System (ICS) was adapted for use in Maldives and Myanmar. Concept of Operations (CONOPS) documents for the tsunami warning services in Maldives and Myanmar were finalized. Coastal Community Resilience (CCR) was introduced in the Maldives, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.
TTF-03
Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC)
July 2007 - March 2008
Trainers training programme on community-based hazard map development
Community-based hazard mapping was strengthened in India and Bangladesh. A total of 90 trainers were trained on community-based hazard map development in five Indian provinces and two Bangladeshi divisions. By involving communities in hazard mapping, the project built tsunami awareness among community members that otherwise might run danger of neglecting the continuing tsunami threat due to the long hazard return period of tsunamis.
TTF-04
IOC-UNESCO
September 2007 - March 2011
Strengthening tsunami warning and emergency responses: training workshops on the development of SOPs for the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia
The project contributed to the readiness of the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System to enter into operation on 12 October 2011. A total of 12 workshops (two regional; ten country specific) were delivered to 20 Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean countries (over 370 participants) to integrate SOPs for effective end-to-end warning and response, and emphasis on robust communication networks between key agencies. At the regional workshops, participants developed their own country-specific SOPs. A draft Manual on SOP for Tsunami Warning and Emergency Response was developed. Regional and sub-regional cooperation between National Tsunami Warning Centres and National Disaster Management Organizations was fostered. As a result of the training, SOPs for tsunami warning and emergency response were developed and/or improved in four target countries (Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines and Viet Nam).
8 Start Date: Date of signature of Letter of Agreement.
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TTF-05
UNDP Maldives
January 2008 - December 2009
Strengthening national and community capacities for effective early warning dissemination and response
National and local early warning capacities were strengthened. A set of fourteen standard operating procedures for early warning were finalized. Relevant agencies were trained in these procedures as well as weather research and forecasting, global telecommunication systems and tsunami modelling. Community-based preparedness plans were developed and signed by ten islands within two Atolls of the Maldives. Community mobilization led to the inception of early warning task force teams. Public awareness was raised through the International Day for Disaster Reduction, a televised debate, and a public awareness campaign encompassing newspapers, a website (http://www.rakkaa. mv), television and handout materials.
TTF-06
Disaster Management Centre, Sri Lanka
February 2009 - January 2011
Enhancing national capacity for early warning dissemination in Sri Lanka
A reliable and cost-effective radio communication system (hand-held radios, repeaters and VHF base station) became fully operational. The system is facilitated by the Disaster Management Centre (DMC) and can serve during emergency situations. The DMC has committed to contribute its own funding to maintain the radio communication system. The SOPs for early warning were revised, tested, documented and distributed. Staff of the Emergency Operation Centers and members of the District Disaster Management Committees and Divisional Disaster Management Committees of Colombo, Galle and Batticoloa were trained to form a resource pool that can support other Centers and Committees. In line with the Disaster Management Act, Road Map and National Disaster Management Plan, the Government of Sri Lanka is mobilizing resources to expand the communication system to other disaster-prone Districts.
TTF-07
ADPC
March 2008 - December 2010
End-to-end early warning of tsunamis and other natural hazards for disaster preparedness and mitigation in the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia: Phase 2
In April 2010, the regional early warning centre started experimental operations for earthquake monitoring and tsunami watch (see project TTF-02 above). The system became fully operational in 2011. Located at the RIMES regional facility in Pathumthani, Thailand, with capabilities to receive and analyze seismic, sea level, and deep ocean sensor data, the RIMES Tsunami Watch Center utilized data generated from its own monitoring stations and from global networks to evaluate the tsunamigenic potential of an earthquake. RIMES incorporated tsunami early warning into existing national warning systems through its interrelated components including regional tsunami and earthquake monitoring, advisory dissemination, decision-support tool development, potential impact and risk assessments and other related research on trans-boundary hazards. A web-based portal for real-time tsunami forecasting (PRECISE) was completed, tested and evaluated, giving the regional early warning centre near real-time tsunami forecasting capability. A tsunami risk assessment tool (INSPIRE) was also developed.
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TTF-08
Maldives Meteorological Service (MMS)
May 2009 - June 2012
Towards sustaining the Indian Ocean and Southeast Asia End-to-End Multi-Hazard Early Warning System
The Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia (RIMES) was established on 30 April 2009 as a result of projects TTF-01, TTF-02 and TTF-07. The membership and demand for RIMES services grew during the project period. The RIMES Council had 13 Member States of which India, Papua New Guinea and Sri Lanka joined in 2011. India served as RIMES Council Chair. The draft RIMES Five-Year Master Plan (2010-2014), which documents Member States’ priority needs in hazard observation, forecasting and warning, capacity building, and research and development was adopted by the RIMES Executive Board. Mongolia assumed the RIMES Secretariat functions in April 2011 from the Maldives. Mongolia focused on resource mobilization for Master Plan implementation and accelerating the process of having more countries sign the RIMES Cooperation Agreement. The Maldives continued to represent RIMES in the ICG/IOTWS. Bangladesh and Nepal contributed financially to RIMES through donor-funded projects; while India contributed through fixed institutional support and programme funding.
TTF-09
UNDP Indonesia
March 2009 - December 2011
Making Provincial Communities Safer Through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR)
A Provincial Platform for DRR was established in West Sumatra, including an established structure, work plan and executive body. With the support of SCDRR, the West Sumatra Provincial DRR Forum is now fully operational and able to facilitate the implementation of the Forum’s activities. The models and processes of Community-based DRR were tested on how to facilitate the formulation of village disaster management plans, contingency plans and DRR action plans, in more than 40 target locations covered by SCDRR. Draft disaster management, contingency and community action plans were developed in Jorong (sub-village). In Nagari (village) Salayo, DRR officially became the local development policy for 2011-2015. Padang City developed a risk map (district level), while West Sumatra Province developed a hazard map.
TTF-10
UNESCO Jakarta
March 2009 - July 2011
Tsunami Awareness and Preparedness Tools and Materials Assessment
A regional depository for tsunami awareness and training resources was established. The project developed the structure of Jakarta Tsunami Information Centre (JTIC) website and translated the content into five different languages (English, Bahasa Indonesia, Thai, Tagalog and Tetun). The website was regularly updated by focal points of each country. A total of 20 education materials on tsunami awareness were produced, translated and promoted in Indonesia, Timor Leste, Thailand and the Philippines. Activities in the Philippines were scaled up using national budgets. The lessons were shared to a wider number of countries through a regional lessons learned workshop at the end of the project implementation.
TTF-11
IOC-UNESCO
November 2009 - August 2011
Assessment and awareness of Makran tsunami hazards
The project contributed to increased awareness of the Makran tsunami hazard in key national and local institutions (Baluchistan) in Pakistan. A future strategy to further the work on understanding the Makran tsunami hazards and create awareness was agreed. Trainings in assessment of tsunami hazard and paleo tsunami were held in Iran, Pakistan and Indonesia. A network of experts from Pakistan, India, Oman and Iran was established. An international support network for Makran research was also established (Thailand, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, USA, and Chile).
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TTF-12
ABU
November 2009 - July 2011
ABU Early Warning Broadcast Media Initiative
The project created a platform for continuous advancement of integration of broadcast media in Early Warning Systems on a national scale in the piloted countries (Cambodia, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam). It was implemented through two complementary series of workshops. The first series of workshops, dealing with early warning broadcast and disaster risk reduction messaging through traditional knowledge, targeted television and radio broadcast journalists. Four in-country content development workshops were held in Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand and Viet Nam. The second series, the ‘Early Warning Broadcast System Road Show’, dealt primarily with the technology and operation of an early warning broadcasting system (EWBS). Demonstration kits for EWBS were produced and tailor-made for each pilot country. ABU assisted the Thai Public Broadcasting Service and Radio and TV Malaysia (workshop participants) to establish Early Warning units within their organizations. The Thai PBS team has produced several features. The ABU Team has continued to conduct consultations on EWBS after the termination of the project as part of national and regional EWBS development.
TTF-13
UNDP Asia Pacific Regional Centre
Dec 2009 - August 2012
Building risk knowledge to enhance early warning, preparedness and mitigation in tsunami-affected countries
An interactive CD-ROM containing training material on tsunami risk assessment and mitigation, including the social dimensions of vulnerability was completed and applied by experts in Sri Lanka and Indonesia. Indonesia conducted a review of its SOPs and assessed gaps for further actions. Final National Guidelines on Tsunami Risk Assessment for Indonesian Context incorporating recommendations from two pilots in Simeulue and Majene were prepared and shared with the BNPB. A case study of the Port City of Galle, Sri Lanka on “Risk Assessment and Management for Tsunami Hazard” was finalized and used by the regional IOTWS Working Group. A significant contribution was made to the Indian Ocean tsunami warning system capacity, including through the regional SOP Training Workshop in September 2011 in Jakarta, Indonesia. The outcomes of this workshop provided direct inputs to the IOWave 2011, which tested SOPs before the system became operational in October 2011.
TTF-14
Raks Thai Foundation
January 2010 - July 2012
Strengthening Community-based Disaster Risk Management in Asia: shifting from lessons observed to lessons learned.
A regional network for community-based disaster risk management was developed. CARE Netherlands, CARE Australia and CARE Denmark supported additional countries to take part in the regional component, beyond the ones supported through the project (India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Thailand). E-learning modules on Disaster Risk Management were developed and used to support capacity building in participating countries. A Learning Lab was developed in two pilot communities in Krabi province, Thailand, where local disaster preparedness plans were rolled out in collaboration with the provincial governor. Six other nearby communities adopted the implementation strategy after seeing the two pilot communities’ progress, and received mini-grants to develop and implement local disaster management plans. An independent survey of the target communities found that awareness of climate change and natural disasters had increased significantly during the lifetime of the project.
TTF-15
UNDP Asia Pacific Regional Centre
May 2011 - December 2013
Strengthening Early Warning Systems for Extreme Weather Events to Advance Climate Risk Management in the South East Asian Region (Cambodia and Timor-Leste)
An agreement was established with RIMES to develop national capacities and to provide early warning services to Cambodia and Timor-Leste. Assessment of weather forecasting capacity in Cambodia and Timor-Leste was completed. Technical personnel from Timor-Leste and Cambodia were sent to RIMES for a two-month training programme in weather forecasting. Hands-on support was provided to experts for the establishment of disaster loss database. Experts from Indonesia were mobilized to support Timor-Leste. The project aimed to integrate project activities into a broader disaster risk reduction framework by linking to ongoing national projects.
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TTF-16
RIMES & WMO
May 2011 - April 2014
Reducing Risks for Tsunami, Storm Surges, Large Waves and other Natural Hazards in Low Elevation Coastal Zones
Multi-stakeholder national monsoon forums were established and supported in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar and Sri Lanka, in collaboration with the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services. An early warning system evaluation guide was drafted. It covered assessment of risks, hazard observation and monitoring, hazard prediction and forecasting, forecast translation into potential impacts and response options, communicating risks and response and options, community readiness to receive and respond to risk information. The guide was piloted during early warning audits in Bangladesh, Maldives and Myanmar, and also used during field activities and dialogues in India and Sri Lanka. Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Viet Nam expressed interest to replicate activities in their countries. Selected communities at risk were connected to the early warning system and 24-hour warning points were established in pilot sites in Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Capacity building activities for the application of warning information products were initiated in the target countries.
TTF-17
RIMES
July 2012 - June 2014
Enhancing coastal hazard early warning and response: tools and institutional strengthening
During the second half of 2012, project inception meetings were held with government counterparts and other partners in Myanmar, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand. Sites were selected for early warning tool demonstrations in Myanmar, the Philippines and Sri Lanka.
TTF-18
ADPC
July 2012 - June 2014
Technical assistance for enhancing the capacity of end-to-end multi-hazard Early Warning Systems (EWS) for coastal hazards in Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Philippines
A regional capacity building workshop on Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) modelling was held in September 2012, with participation from the national hydro-meteorological services of Myanmar, Sri Lanka and the Philippines. Three professionals from each target country received intensive training on WRF. National level early warning systems gap assessments were initiated during workshops held in Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Project working groups were formed in Sri Lanka and Myanmar.
TTF-19
ABU
July 2012 - June 2014
ABU Disaster Risk Reduction Broadcast Initiative
In July 2012, ABU formed a cross-departmental team in charge of implementing the project. ABU also hired a part-time Project Manager. Country profiles were developed for India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand. A dedicated project website was launched.
The Early Warning Broadcasting Systems Handbook was updated. Preparatory work started on a manual on disaster recovery for broadcasters.
TTF-20
IOC-UNESCO
July 2012 - June 2014
Enhancing Tsunami Risk Assessment and Management, Strengthening Policy Support and Developing Guidelines for Tsunami Exercises in Indian Ocean Countries
The administrative formalities necessary for project inception were completed by the end of 2012. Project implementation was expected to start in January 2013.
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TTF-21
IOC-UNESCO
July 2012 - January 2014
Communicating the effects of the 1945 Makran tsunami to increase awareness and preparedness of tsunami hazards in the Makran region
The administrative formalities necessary for project inception were completed by the end of 2012. Project implementation was expected to start in January 2013.
TTF-22
Typhoon Committee
August 2012 - June 2014
Synergized Standard Operating Procedures for Coastal Multi-Hazard Early Warning System
The project kick-off meeting was held in Bangkok on 22-23 October 2012, with participation from the TC, the PTC, ESCAP, WHO and the Thai Meteorological Department. Plans were drawn up for a workshop on the status of coastal multi-hazard early warning systems, to be held during the first half of 2013.
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Annex 2: Secretariat Monitoring and Advocacy Missions Location Dates Mission/event
Hangzhou, China
February 2012
Participated in the 44th Session of WMO/ESCAP Typhoon Committee and presented on Background, focus and result and 7th round of funding of ESCAP Trust Fund.
Key outcome: Increased awareness of the Trust Fund among Typhoon Committee members and Secretariat.
Nay Phi Taw, Myanmar
March 2012
Participated in the 39th Session of WMO/ESCAP Panel on Tropical Cyclones. Delivered a presentation of ESCAP work on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and the status of the ESCAP Regional Tsunami Trust Fund. Participated in parallel meeting of the Working Group on Disaster Risk Reduction (WGDRR) and the Working Group on Hydrology to discuss the work programme for 2012. Organized a workshop on the Standard Operating Procedures for Tsunami warning and response jointly with IOC-UNESCO and RIMES.
Key outcome: The Tsunami workshop revealed that the Department of Meteorology and Hydrology of Myanmar had made significant progress the two years in their tsunami SOP and clarified the inter-agency connections in the SOP and prepare for a broader multi-hazard SOP framework.
Delhi, India June 2012 Participated in 5th Council Meeting of Regional Integrated Multi-hazard Early Warning System (RIMES) with the technical teams from the member Countries to discuss, prioritize and agree to the technical components of Master Plan 2010-2014 as well as resource mobilization strategy, which were presented for approval during the Ministerial Conference.
Key outcome: RIMES will work with the ESCAP Subregional Office for South and Southwest Asia to implement the work programmes on capacity building towards multi-hazard early warning systems in the sub-region.
Jakarta, Indonesia
November 2012
Participated in the 9th Session of Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (ICG/IOTWS-IX). Delivered a presentation on the update of the ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disasters and Climate Preparedness and its support to six new projects that will contribute to the further strengthening of the regional early warning systems. Presented the concept of the Trust Fund draft strategy for 2013-2016.
Key outcomes: The positive contribution made by the Trust Fund was recognized by the ICG and other entities. The session was attended by delegates and observers from 18 member States in the Indian Ocean region, 2 Observer States and 5 UN agencies, NGOs and other organizations. The ICG requested the RTSPs of Australia, India and Indonesia to assume full operational provision of the RTSP Service Level 2 for the Indian Ocean Area of Responsibility from 31 March 2013.
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Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness
The ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness in Indian Ocean and Southeast Asian countries was established in 2005 to support tsunami early warning through a multi-hazard approach. The Indian Ocean Tsunami that occurred in December 2004 demonstrated the need for an effective regional disaster preparedness mechanism. Following a major, multi-stakeholder effort, the Indian Ocean Tsunami Early Warning and Mitigation system facilitated by IOC-UNESCO went into operation in 2011, with the Fund as one of the contributors.
In 2010, the scope of the Fund was officially broadened to include disaster and climate preparedness within the Fund’s core areas of support. The Fund’s focus remains on end-to-end early warning for coastal hazards such as tsunamis, cyclones, coastal zone flooding and storm surges, while applying a multi-hazard approach.
Purpose
To contribute to more resilient coastal communities, and ultimately to help save lives and reduce loss and damage from disasters.
Objective
To build and enhance tsunami, disaster and climate preparedness capacities for early warning for coastal hazards.
The Fund focuses on strategic approaches that build on ESCAP’s comparative advantage as a convener of regional cooperation for its member States. In line with the role of ESCAP, the Fund supports projects and activities that can facilitate:
• Strengthening of regional institutions dealing with early warning.
• Enhancing regional cooperation for early warning through data sharing, joint standards, resource sharing arrangements and effective networks.
• Sharing of knowledge and practices.
As for support to the national level, the Fund focuses on policy and institutional strengthening in resource poor countries. In projects targeting specific national capacities, the Fund aims to apply South-South approaches to enhance cooperation between countries covered by the Fund and tap into the capacities that have been developed in the region.
ESCAP Trust Fund for Tsunami, Disaster and Climate Preparedness United Nations Building Telephone: +66 (0)2 288 2700 Rajadamnern Nok Avenue Facsimile: +66 (0)2 288 3012 Bangkok 10200, Thailand E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.unescap.org