1. When assessing a patient with a fracture of the neck of the femur the nurse would expect to find:a. Abduction with external rotationb. Adduction with internal rotationc. Lengthening of the affected extremity with internal rotationd. Shortening of the affected extremity with external rotation2. Intramedullary nailing is used in the treatment ofa. Fracture of the neck of the femurb. Fracture of the shaft of the femurc. Intertrochanteric fracture of the femurd. Slipped epiphysis of the femur3. To prevent a hip flexion contracture following an amputation of a lower limb the nurse should teach the patient toa. Lie on the abdomen 30 minutes four times dailyb. Perform quadriceps muscle setting exercises twice dailyc. Sit in a chair for 3 minutes three times dailyd. Turn from side to side every 2 hours4. When there is disaster involving a number of people which of the following group of people will need priority care? Those with:a. Closed fractures of major bonesb. Partial thickness burns of 10% of the bodyc. Severe lacerations involving open fractures of major bonesd. Significant penetrating or perforating abdominal wounds5. When changing a patients post operative dressing, the nurse is careful not to introduce microorganisms into the wound. This is an example of:a. b. Concurrent asepsisc. Medical asepsisd. Surgical asepsise. Wound asepsis6. 7. An effective first aid treatment for an alkali burns is to flush it with water and then witha. b. A dilute basec. An antibiotic solutiond. A salt solutione. A weak acid8. 9. A skin graft that is taken from another portion of a patients own body is calleda. b. A homograftc. An allograftd. An autografte. A xenograft10. 11. A patient who is to receive radiation for breast cancer says to the nurse, my family sail I will get radiation burns. The best response by the nurse would be a. a localized skin reaction usually occursb. daily application of an emollient will prevent the burnsc. have they had experience with this type of radiationd. it will be no worse than being in a hair dryer12. The immediate post-operative nursing care for a patient who has had a colostomy performed should include:a. Keeping the stoma and skin around the stoma clean and dryb. Limiting fluid intake for several daysc. Teaching the patient how to change the colostomy bagd. Withholding all fluids for 72 hours13. As part of preparation for sigmoidoscopy the nurse shoulda. Administer an enema the morningof the testb. Explain to the patient that he will swallow a white substancec. Provide container for the collection of a stool specimend. Withhold all fluids and foods for 24 hrs before the test14. Antibiotic therapy is given to patients with gastric ulcer toa. Augment the immune responseb. Potentiate the effect of antacidsc. Reduce HCL secretiond. Treat helicobacter pylori infection15. A disease that occurs when a clostridium organism enters wound and produces toxins causing crepitus isa. b. Anthraxc. Botulismd. Gas gangrenee. Tetanus16. 17. A patient been put on IV solution of 0.45% sodium chloride. This solution regarding human blood isa. b. Hypotonicc. Hypertonicd. Isometrice. Isotonic18. 19. When a patient is on gastric lavage or has history of prolonged vomiting, the nurse should assess him fora. Acidosisb. Alkalosisc. Loss of osmotic pressure of the bloodd. Loss of oxygen from the blood20. A patient is on IV fluids. If IV infiltrates into the tissue the nurse should firsta. Apply warmth to the partb. Attempt to flush the tubec. Discontinue the infusiond. Elevate the IV site21. Prolonged bed rest after surgery promotes haemostasis which may result in deep vein thrombosis resulting ina. Cerebral embolismb. Coronary occlusionc. Dry gangrene of the limbd. Pulmonary embolism22. While convalescing from abdominal surgery patient develops thrombophlebitis. The sign that would indicate this complication to the nurse isa. Intermittent claudicationb. Localized warmth and tenderness of the legc. Pitting edema of the lower extremitiesd. Severe pain on extension of an extremity23. In the immediate post-operative period following splenectomy the nurse shd specifically observe the patient fora. Haemorrhage and abdominal distensionb. Intestinal obstruction and bleedingc. Peritonitis and pulmonary complications d. Shock and infection24. Most peptic ulcers occurring in the stomach are in thea. Body of the stomachb. Cardiac portionc. Oesophageal junctiond. Pyloric portion25. Following a sub-total gastrectomy for cancer of the stomac the patient develops a dumping syndrome which is refers toa. Build up of faeces and gas within the large intestinesb. Nausea due to a full stomachc. Rapid passage of osmotic fluid into the jejunumd. Reflux of intestinal contents into the oesophagus26. When occurring for a patient with a naso-gastric tube attached to suction, the nurse shda. Allow the patient to have sips of water unless nauseatedb. Irrigate the tube with normal salinec. Use sterile technique when irrigating the tubed. Withdraw the tube quickly when decompression is terminated27. A serious danger to which a patient with intestinal obstruction is exposed to because of intestinal suction is excessive loss of a. Energy carbohydratesb. Protein enzymesc. Vitamins and mineralsd. Water and electrolytes28. Following a gastrectomy, a patient way develop pernicious anaemia becausea. Chief cells in the stomach promote the secretion of the extrinsic factorb. The haemopoitic factor is secreted in the stomachc. The parietal cells of the stomach is not available to secrete the intrinsic factord. Vitamin B12 is only absorbed in the stomach29. A patient who has had a splenectomy would be expected to complain of a. Excessively moist respirationb. Pain on expirationc. Pain on inspirationd. Shortness of breath30. After cholecystectomy, the patients diet would bea. High in fat and carbohydrate to meet energy demandsb. High in protein and calories to promote wound healingc. Low in fat to avoid painful contraction in the wound aread. Low in protein and carbohydrate to help patient lose weight31. Appendicitis is associated witha. Eating foods with coarse seeds b. Infection of the bowelc. Interference of blood circulation to the appendixd. Poor dietary habits32. An intussusception can be explained asa. A loop of bowels causing obstructionb. A protrusion of an organ through the wall that contains itc. Linking of a bowel onto itselfd. Telescoping of a proximal loop of bowel into a distal loop33. A patient has extensive carcinoma of the descending portion of the colon with metastasis to the lymph nodes. The operations to be perform will probably bea. b. Cecostomyc. Colectomyd. Colostomye. Ileostomy34. 35. The primary goal of rehabilitation of a patient with a new colostomy involves the patients a. Awareness of available community resourcesb. Knowledge of the necessary dietary modificationsc. Mastery of techniques of colostomyd. Readiness to accept an altered body function36. When teaching a patient with permanent colostomy, the nurse should discuss thea. Bland low residue diet regimenb. Importance of limiting activityc. Need for special clothingd. Periodic dilatation of the stoma37. When preparing a patient for ligation of haemorrhoids, the nurse should instruct the patient to eata. b. Bland dietc. Clear liquid dietd. High-protein diete. Low-residue diet38. 39. A patient with haemorrhoids asks the nurse what caused the condition. The nurse should explain that it generally results froma. b. Constipationc. Eating spicy foodsd. Hypertensione. Poor bowel habitf. 40. Immediately following a thyroidectomy the patient should be monitored for:a. Decreased blood pressureb. Signs of respiratory obstructionc. Signs of restlessnessd. Urinary retention41. To evaluate possible laryngeal nerve injury following a thyroidectomy on an hourly basis the nurse shoulda. Ask the patient to speakb. Ask the patient to swallowc. Let the patient hum a familiar tuned. Swab the patients throat to test gag reflex42. Immediately following a thyroidectomy the patient should be monitored fora. Decreased blood pressureb. Signs of respiratory obstructionc. Signs of restlessnessd. Urinary retention43. When the thyroidectomy patient is brought back to the ward from the recovery unit the nurse should immediatelya. Inspect the incisionb. Instruct the patient not to speakc. Keep the patient in supine position for 24 hoursd. Place a tracheostomy set at the bedside44. Following abdominal surgery a patient complains of severe pain. The first action by the nurse should bea. Administer the ordered analgesicsb. Determine the characteristics of the painc. Monitor the vital signsd. Reposition the patient45. A patient with glaucoma should be advised toa. Have corrective lens prescriptions checked every 3 monthsb. Keep an extra supply of eye medication on handc. Take laxatives dailyd. Use eye washes on regular basis46. A patient has cataract surgery the nurse shoulda. Advise the patient to refrain from vigorous brushing of teeth and hairb. Encourage eye exercises to strengthen to ocular musculaturec. Instruct the patient to avoid driving for 2 weeksd. Teach the patient coughing and deep breathing47. Soon after being admitted with head injury the patients temperature rises to 39oC. This is suggestive of injury to thea. b. Hypothalamusc. Pons varoliid. Temporal lobee. Thalamus48. When caring for a patient who has a possible skull fracture as a result of RTA the nurse shoulda. Check for haemorrhaging from the oral cavityb. Elevate the footing of the bed if patient develops signs of shockc. Observe the patient for signs of brain injuryd. Observe for symptoms of decrease intracranial pressure and temperature49. Of the following combination of symptoms the most indicative of increased intracranial pressure isa. Rapid weak pulse, fall in BP, low temperatureb. Slow bounding pulse, fall in BP, low temperaturec. Slow bounding pulse, rising BP, elevated temperatured. Weak rapid pulse, normal BP, intermittent fever50. A patient with a spinal cord injury has paraplegia, one major early problem will bea. Bladder controlb. Nutritional intakec. Quadriceps settingd. Use of aids for ambulation51. Following a spinal cord injury a patient should be encouraged to drink fluids primarily to preventa. Fluid and electrolyte imbalanceb. Dehydrationc. Non-protein nitrogend. Prostate-specific antigen52. Benign prostate hypertrophya. Causes an elevated acid phosphataseb. Is a congenital abnormalityc. Normally becomes a malignantd. Predisposes to hydronephrosis53. With cancer of the prostate it is possible to follow the cause of the disease by monitoring the serum level ofa. Blood urea nitrogenb. Creatininec. Non-protein nitrogend. Prostate-specific antigen54. When a patient with urethral catheter in situ complains of discomfort in the bladder and urethra, the nurse shoulda. Check the patency of the catheterb. Irrigate the catheter with the prescribed solutionc. Milk the tubing gentlyd. Notify the doctor55. A patient with cancer of the prostate request urinal at frequent intervals but voids very small amounts. This is most likely caused by:a. b. Dysuriac. Oedema of the urethrad. Retention of urinee. Suppression of urine56. 57. A patient who has just had a suprapubic prostatectomy returns from the recovery ward and accidentally pulls out the urethral catheter. The nurse shoulda. Check for bleeding by irrigating the suprapubic tubeb. Notify the doctor immediatelyc. Re-insert a new catheterd. Take no immediate action once the suprapubic tube is draining58. When irrigating an indwelling catheter the nurse shoulda. Aspirate immediately to ensure return flowb. Instill the fluid under high pressurec. Obtain and use sterile equipmentd. Warm the solution to body temperature 59. When a gall stone lodges in the common bile duct the color of the patients stool becomesa. b. Blackishc. Brownishd. Clayishe. Greenish60. 61. Which of these drugs is administered when a patient develops tetany after subtotal thyroidectomya. Calcium glucoseb. Echothiophate iodinec. Sodium bicarbonated. Sodium phosphate62. According to Wallaces rule of nine the percentage of burnt area involving the anterior trunk, the two arms and neck isa. b. 27c. 36d. 37e. 4663. 64. Manifestation of cancer of the cervix that will bring the patient ot the hospital isa. Bloody spotting after intercourseb. Foul smelling dischargec. Heaviness in the abdomend. Pressure symptoms on the bladder65. A patient with an arm cast who complains of pain should be examined after the following excepta. Assess patients arm for pressure soresb. Assess the fingers for colorc. Determine the exact site of paind. When prescribed analgesic was given66. The best adjustment behavior of a lady who had mastectomy done is toa. Ask for analgesics when neededb. Avoid postoperative bookletsc. Participate in the care of the surgical draind. Refuse to look at the wound67. Which of the following parameters should be of concern to the nurse who is to assess a patient post-operatively?a. Blood pressure of 100/70 mm/Hgb. Serous drainage on the surgical dressingc. Temperature of 37,4oCd. Urinary output of 20 mls in an hour68. Which part of the theatre is referred to as the operating field?a. Inside the theatre where all equipment are placedb. The mayos table with the instruments arranged on itc. The patient lying on the table, draped and ready to be operated ond. The use of sterile dressing and adhesives69. What would be your immediate intervention when a patients tracheostomy tube dislodges?a. Explain to the patient that it sometimes occursb. Go and look for another tubec. Inform the doctor for appropriate actiond. Insert a tube and give oxygen70. In a probable ruptured ectopic pregnancy which assessment will the nurse monitor:a. Abdominal distensionb. Haemoglobin and haematocritc. Pulse rated. Uterine cramping