Ryan SchaeferOffice of Management and Budget

The Federal Budget ProcessNew Generation Workshop

27th National Space SymposiumApril 12, 2011

Damon WellsOffice of Science and Technology Policy

The Congress: House and Senate

"No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time."

– U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 9

• >200 Committees & Subcommittees• Authorization and Appropriations

• 535 Senators/Representatives• Congressional Staff

The Administration

• 15 Cabinet-level Departments• > 100 agencies, boards, & commissions• Executive Office of the President

White House OfficeDomestic Policy Council Nat’l Economic Council

Office of Management & Budget

(OMB)

Office of the Vice President

National Security Staff(NSS)

Council ofEconomic Advisors

(CEA)

Council ofEnvironmental Quality

(CEQ)

Office of Science & Technology Policy

(OSTP)

Mix of detailees, career, political

Primarily political staff

Primarily career staff

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

U.S. Trade Rep (USTR)

Federal Budget ProcessMajor Stages

1. The President’s Budget Submission: – The President submits a comprehensive budget request to Congress in early February

– Based on Administration’s policy and funding priorities and the economic outlook

– Compiled by OMB with key input from other EOP offices and Federal agencies

2. Adoption of the Budget Resolution:– House and Senate Budget Committees hold hearings on the President’s budget

– Budget Committees set allocation of spending authority

– Not signed by the President (i.e., is not law), but establishes framework to consider spending bills

3. Passage of Appropriation Bills: – In May the House begins consideration of the 13 annual appropriation bills

– Bills move through hearings, markups, Floor consideration, and conference

– Consideration of bills authorizing funding levels and policy (e.g., NASA 2010 Authorization)

4. Signature or veto by the President– Once signed, the appropriation bill becomes law and Agency executes budget

– If vetoed, the appropriation is not passed. Congress can overturn the veto with a 2/3 majority

Budget Formulation

Presidential Policy

Stakeholder Input

New/Existing Program Status

Independent Assessments

Policy Guidance

NSP

QUESTIONS?

Backup

Calendar yr 08 09 10 11 12 13FY Budget

13

12

11

10

Budget Timeline

Appropriation bill signed (or CR)

10

11

12

13

Now

‘12 Submit to OMB

‘12 Budget to Congress

Agency OMB/Agency Congress Execution

DIRECTOR’S

OFFICE

SUPPORT OFFICES STATUTORY OFFICES

DOE, NSFNASA, USDA,USGS, EPA, SI

NIH, AHRQ, CDC

NIST,NOAA,DOT,DHS,

DOD,VA,

NNSA

Resource Management Offices (RMOs)

Natural Resource Programs

Health Programs

General Government

Programs

National Security

Programs

OMB Organization

ED

Education, IM, & Labor Programs