2011 e-learning chap 15-endocrine system - copy
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
1/55
http://www.teen-matters.com/stress.html
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm
http://www.teen-matters.com/stress.htmlhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.teen-matters.com/stress.html -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
2/55
Hey there, wait a minute!
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
3/55
This is for your reading pleasure! [RP]
Enlarged thyroid: over active thyroid
Known as Graves Disease
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
4/55
F Ur RP again
Symptoms of Hormone Imbalance for Men
By D Swain
Hormone imbalance is a common problem thatmany men face today. Some start showingsymptoms of hormone imbalance at the age of40.
This imbalance is usually caused by low levelsof testosterone because the production of allmale hormones decrease as a result of aging.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
5/55
RP again
Breast Enlargement
One of the first symptoms of hormoneimbalance is an enlargement of the breasts.
This occurs mostly in men who have excessweight around the stomach because theyproduce more of an enzyme called aromatase.
This enzyme is responsible for convertingtestosterone into estrogens.
When too much estrogen is produced, it willlead to breast enlargement..
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
6/55
RP ..
Erectile Dysfunction
Another one of the symptoms of hormone
imbalance in men is erectile dysfunction. Testosterone is needed to trigger a response in the
brain and also to produce and keep an erection.
When testosterone levels drop too low, it will take
longer to have an erection. The penis can even shrinkdue to low levels of
testosterone.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
7/55
RPzzz
Muscle/Bone Loss
Reduced muscle and bone mass is also one of the
symptoms of hormone imbalance. Testosterone is also responsible for building
muscles and bone.
When levels are too low, loss of muscle and bone
mass is usually the result. In addition to this bone and muscle loss, many
men start to gain weight.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
8/55
This press release issued by Eurekalertsays that the "raging hormones" of puberty..
are known to produce mood swings andstress for most teenagers,
..making it difficult to cope with thisperiod of life.
Until now, the specific causes of pubertal
anxiety have not been identified,
making it harder to understand andtreat adolescent angst.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
9/55
Now the Learning Outcomes!
Define a hormone
Explain what an endocrine glandis
Explain role of insulin in regulating glucose(chapter 6)
Describe the signs ofdiabetes mellitus
and treatment
State the role of the hormone adrenaline inboosting blood glucose levels and give examplesof situations in which this may occur
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
10/55
Chapter 15 Outline
15.1 Hormones
- Hormones & Glands
15.2 Locations of glands- Location of endocrine glands
15.3 Effects of hormones
- Endocrine glands & secretions
(a) Pancreas and insulin
(b) Adrenal gland and adrenaline
- Diabetes mellitus: signs and treatment
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
11/55
15.1 Hormones & Glands
DEFINITION OF Endocrine glands: [2 m]
Are ductless gland
Secrete chemical signals (called hormones)
Directly into the blood
To control processes at another part of the body known as
Target cells or organs
E.g. Pancreas insulin & glucagon to liver & muscles
Ovaries - secrete oestrogen to uterus &
Testes - testosterone to penis
Adrenal gland (just above kidney) - adrenaline to many areas(kiv)
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
12/55
HmmWhats the difference b/w
endo & exocrine gland?Compare with:
Exocrine glands which have duct or secrete
chemicals via tubes, and Not into the blood, but to the external
environment
E.g. tear gland (eye) secretes tears
salivary gland (mouth) secretes saliva ,sweat gland (skin) produce sweat
sebaceous gland (skin) produce sebum
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
13/55
15.1Hormones- Location
of theendocrine
glands
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
14/55
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
15/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
16/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
Thyroid glandSecretes thyroxine. Thyroxine
controls the rate of metabolism
and influences physical
development.
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
17/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
Thyroid glandSecretes thyroxine. Thyroxine
controls the rate of metabolism
and influences physical
development.
Adrenal gland (medulla)Secretes adrenaline. Adrenaline
has wide-ranging effects that
prepare the body for fight or
flight situations.
kidney
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
18/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
Thyroid glandSecretes thyroxine. Thyroxine
controls the rate of metabolism
and influences physical
development.
Adrenal gland (medulla)Secretes adrenaline. Adrenaline
has wide-ranging effects that
prepare the body for fight or
flight situations.
PancreasIslets of Langerhans in the
pancreas secrete insulin and
glucagon that regulate the
blood glucose concentration.
kidney
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
19/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
Thyroid glandSecretes thyroxine. Thyroxine
controls the rate of metabolism
and influences physical
development.
Adrenal gland (medulla)Secretes adrenaline. Adrenaline
has wide-ranging effects that
prepare the body for fight or
flight situations.
PancreasIslets of Langerhans in the
pancreas secrete insulin and
glucagon that regulate the
blood glucose concentration.
kidney
HypothalamusAn endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion of some
pituitary hormones.
Ovaries (in females)Secretes oestrogen and
progesterone.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
20/55
Pituitary glandPlays an important role as a
controller. It secretes anumber of hormones,
which control the functions
of several other endocrine
glands. This is why the
pituitary gland is often
referred to as the master
gland. The pituitary glandalso secretes antidiuretic
hormone (ADH).
Glands and Their Hormonal Secretions
Thyroid gland [Not in syll]Secretes thyroxine. Thyroxine
controls the rate of metabolism
and influences physical
development.
Adrenal gland (medulla)Secretes adrenaline. Adrenaline
has wide-ranging effects that
prepare the body for fight or
flight situations.
PancreasIslets of Langerhans in the
pancreas secrete insulin and
glucagon that regulate the
blood glucose concentration.
kidney
Hypothalamus [Not insyll]An endocrine gland that
regulates the secretion ofsome pituitary hormones.
Ovaries (in females)Secretes oestrogen and
progesterone.
Testes (in males)Secretes testosterone.
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
21/55
15.1 Hormones
Definition ofHormones: [2m]
they are chemical substances,
- produced by endocrine glands,- transported by the bloodstream,
- to alter activities at the target organs
- Effective even in minute quantities
Hormones are converted to less active compoundsby the liver and destroyed by liver and excretedby the kidney
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
22/55
15.1 Hormones
Characteristics of Hormones: [3 m]
May have a controller E.g Master gland
(Pituitary gland)
May not function till a certain age
May have either short-term, *e.g. adrenaline for
fear
or long-term effect, *e.g. thyroxine for growth Production isbalanced and adequate;
*(lack produces some deficiency diseases; excess
production may be harmful)
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
23/55
15.1 Hormones a) Adrenal gland
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
24/55
Acts very quickly and has short-term action
Stimulus:Positive and negative stress,
excitement and fear
Receptor: Causes hypothalamus to activate
adrenal gland, message travels via nerves
15.1 Hormones a) Adrenaline
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
25/55
How the adrenal medulla responds to stimuli ?
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
26/55
Corrective Mechanism:
Effects ofadrenaline [4m]4b. To Increase blood
glucose concentration
4a. But also needs to stimulate
breakdown of glycogen to glucose in
muscles
3. More oxygen enables increasein metabolic rate in muscles:
Respiration for energy
1. Increased heart rate:
pump more oxygen to
muscles
6. Vaso-constriction of arterioles : skin
becomes pale as more blood goes to
internal muscles and vital organs
8. Increased blood coagulation
rate: in case of injuries/wounds
2. Increased breathing rate
in the lungs for more
oxygen
7. Increased eye
(pupil) dilation
Muscle tension can cause Goose-pimples: hair stands!
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
27/55
15.1 Hormones b) Pancreas
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
28/55
-
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
29/55
15.1 Hormones c) Diabetes
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
30/55
Type 1
Type 2
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
31/55
-
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
32/55
-
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
33/55
Diabetes mellitus p 234
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
34/55
Pictures of Diabetes
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
35/55
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
36/55
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
37/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 37
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
38/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 38
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
39/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 39
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
40/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 40
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
41/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 41
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
42/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 42
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Insulin
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
43/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 43
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
44/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 44
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Adrenaline
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
45/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 45
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Adrenaline
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
46/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 46
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Adrenaline
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
47/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 47
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Effects
Increased blood glucose concentration
More energy released in tissue respiration
Oxygen and glucose carried to themuscles faster
More blood is channelled to the muscles
Enhanced vision
Adrenaline
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
48/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 48
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Effects
Increased blood glucose concentration
More energy released in tissue respiration
Oxygen and glucose carried to themuscles faster
More blood is channelled to the muscles
Enhanced vision
Adrenaline Glucagon
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
49/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 49
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Effects
Increased blood glucose concentration
More energy released in tissue respiration
Oxygen and glucose carried to themuscles faster
More blood is channelled to the muscles
Enhanced vision
Produced by
Islets of Langerhandsin the pancrease
Adrenaline Glucagon
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
50/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 50
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Effects
Increased blood glucose concentration
More energy released in tissue respiration
Oxygen and glucose carried to themuscles faster
More blood is channelled to the muscles
Enhanced vision
Produced by
Islets of Langerhandsin the pancrease
Actions
Stimulates theconversion ofglycogen into glucose
Stimulates theconversion of fats
and amino acids intoglucose
Adrenaline Glucagon
ENDOCRINE GLANDS
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
51/55
12 April 2012Copyright 2006-2011 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. 51
ENDOCRINE GLANDSare
Ductless Glands
that secrete
Hormones
directly into the bloodstream to
Act on targets
e.g.
Insulin
Produced by
Islets of Langerhans inthe pancreas
Actions
Increased glucoseuptake and cellmetabolism
Stimulates theconversion of glucose
into glycogen
Effect
Decreased bloodglucose concentration
Produced by
Adrenal medulla in the adrenal gland
Actions
Speeds up glycogen breakdown
Increases metabolic rate
Increases heart rate and blood pressure
Constricts arterioles in skin
Causes pupils to dilate
Effects
Increased blood glucose concentration
More energy released in tissue respiration
Oxygen and glucose carried to themuscles faster
More blood is channelled to the muscles
Enhanced vision
Produced by
Islets of Langerhandsin the pancrease
Actions
Stimulates theconversion ofglycogen into glucose
Stimulates theconversion of fats
and amino acids intoglucose
Effect
Increased bloodglucose concentration
Adrenaline Glucagon
* 15 1 (d) O h H
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
52/55
* 15.1 (d) Other Hormones
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
53/55
-
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
54/55
15.2 Compare b/w Hormonal &
Nervous Response [4m]
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm -
8/4/2019 2011 E-Learning Chap 15-Endocrine System - Copy
55/55
There will be a short quiz when
ByeSee you in Term 4 !!
http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htmhttp://www.shutterstock.com/pic-2578415-nerve-cell.htmlhttp://www.shutterstock.com/pic-2578415-nerve-cell.html