2011 2-evolution-of-computers
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TRANSCRIPT
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SAMPOA FINGERS
STONES
BY USING:-
NOW HOW THE NEW GENERATION SOLVE THIS MATHEMATIC PROBLEM?
COMPUTERCALCULATOR
BY USING:-
LEARNING AREA 1INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
EVOLUTION OF THE COMPUTER
LEARNING OUTCOME :
• Describe the brief evolution of computers.
FIRST GENERATION
SECOND GENERATION
THIRD GENERATION
FIFTH GENERATION
FOURTH GENERATION
EVO
LUTI
ON
OF
COM
PUTE
R
1st Generation (1940 -1956)
Characteristics Scientists Produces
Huge, slow, expensive and unreliable
Presper Eekert &William Mauchly
ENIAC (1946) Use vacuum tube instead of mechanical switches of the MARK 1
UNIVAC (1951) calculate at the rate of 10 000 addition / sec
Technology Details
Vacuum Tube Important step of the advancement of computer.
Vacuum tube is an electronic tube the size of light bulbs (internal computer components)
Punched Card Used to store data
Magnetic Tape (1957) It was a faster and a more compact method of storing data. Using magnetic tape became more reliable & cost effective.
2nd Generation (1956-1963)
Scientists Hardware Technology John Bardeen Walter Houser Brattain William Shockley
Transistor Small devices use to transfer electronic signal across a resistor.
Advantage of transistor:• Smaller than vacuum tubes• No needed no warm up time• Consumed less energy• Generated much less heat• Faster & more reliable
3rd Generation (1964 - 1971)
Hardware Technology Intergrated Circuit (IC)
Silicone chips were manufactured in 1961 at Silicon Valley. IC had reduced the size & cost of computer Semi conductor
Electronic circuit on a small chip of silicon. Microchip
Replaced the Magnetic Core Memory 256 bit RAM
basic development of 1K bit RAM
Introduced computer model :• IBM 370 series • CDC 7600• B2500
Used for business & scientific program
FOURTH GENERATION (1971-PRESENT)
There are many types of computer models such as: Apple Macintosh IBM DELL ACER
During the fourth generation, hardware technology such as silicone chips, microprocessor and storage devices were invented.
A microprocessor is a specialized chip which is developed for computer memory and logic.
microprocessor Silicone chips
ADVANTAGES
Computers became 100 times smaller than ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) the first computer.
Gain in speed, reliability and storage capacity.
Personal and software industry boomed.
FIFTH GENERATION (PRESENT & BEYOND)
Silicone chipsProcessorRoboticsVirtual realityIntelligent systemsPrograms which translate languages
Mini Computers
Mainframe Computers
Personal Computers
Mobile Computer
Super Computers
NEW ERA OF COMPUTER
CONCLUSION• First generation
– Vacuum tube, punch card and magnetic tape• Second generation
– transistor• Third generation
– Integrated circuit, semi conductor, microchip and 256 bit RAM
• Forth generation– Microprocessor, silicone chip
• Fifth generation– Silicone chips, processor, robotics, virtual reality, intelligent
systems and programs which translate languages.
3 QUESTIONS
1. Silicone chips were widely used during the third generation.
Answer : NO ( Forth generation )
2. A microprocessor is a specialized chip which is developed for computer memory and logic. Answer: YES
3. ENIAC stands for Electronic Numerical Integrate and Computer. Answer : NO (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)