©2010 cengage learning. all rights reserved. chapter 3 ecology of the family
TRANSCRIPT
©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
In my very own self, I am part of my family.
D.H. Lawrence
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Family Structures• Nuclear family– A family consisting of a husband, a wife,
and their children
• Extended family– Relatives of the nuclear family who are
economically and emotionally dependent on each other
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Family Structures• Family of orientation– The family into which one is born
• Family of procreation– The family that develops when one
marries and has children
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Family Structures• Matriarchal family– A family in which the mother has formal
authority and dominance
• Patriarchal family– A family in which the father has formal
authority and dominance
• Egalitarian family– A family in which both sides of the
extended family are regarded as equal
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Family Functions• Reproduction• Socialization/education• Assignment of social roles• Economic support• Nurturance/emotional support
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Structural• Divorced families• Single-parent and joint custody• Kin custody• Stepfamilies• Single-parent families • Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender families• Adoptive families
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Divorce• Effect on children depends on– Age and gender– Custody arrangements– Emotional support
• Binuclear family– A family pattern in which children are
part of two homes and two family groups
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Custody• Single-Parent Custody– Single-parents can experience
economic, emotional, physical strain
• Joint Custody• Kin Custody– Children raised by relatives other than
parents, the most common being grandparents raising grandchildren
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Changes Over Time• Reproduction• Socialization/education• Assignment of social roles• Authority patterns• Economic support• Dual-earner families• Nurturance/emotional support
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Socioeconomic Status• Ascribed status– Social class, rank, or position
determined by family lineage, gender, birth order, or skin color
• Achieved status– Social class, rank, or position
determined by education, occupation, income, and/or place of residence
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Socioeconomic Status• Socioeconomic status – Rank or position within a society, based
on social and economic factors
• Upper class• Middle class• Lower class• Underclass
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Socioeconomic Effects
• Children’s socialization experiences vary by socioeconomic class.
• Different socialization experiences result in different outcomes.
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Cultural Orientation• Gemeinschaft• Gesellschaft• Collectivism• Individualism
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Religious Orientation• Religion– A unified system of beliefs and practices
relative to sacred things
• Religion provides an ideology that enables individuals to comprehend events.
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Chronosystem Influences
• Sociopolitical Changes– Immigration Policies– Foreign Policies– Domestic Policies
• Economic Changes• Technological Changes