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PROJECT WORK PHASE-I

Presented by

G . Senthilkumar

2009222038

Under the guidance of

Dr. D.Ganesh

Asst.Professor

Internal Combustion Engineering Division

Department of Mechanical Engineering

College of Engineering Guindy

Anna University

Chennai-600 025.

1Wednesday, May 18, 2011

Experimental investigation of cerium oxide Nano

particle fuel additive on the performance, and

emission characteristics of Biodiesel and itsblends in C.I. engine

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CONTENTS

Objective

Work done

Effect of Metal Additive

Effect of Nano Fuel Additive

Fuel Properties Experimental setup

Engine specification

Work to be done

References

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OBJECTIVE

The objective of the present work is

To examine the effect of nano metal additive to the Biodiesel

and its blends. Metal additive cerium oxide are prepared by

suitable method. The performance and emission characteristicswith metal additive doped biodiesel and its blend will be

compared with the neat diesel fuel.

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WORK DONE

4

Base Line Reading taken

Bio diesel preparation

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FUEL PROPERTIES

5

S.No Properties Diesel Jatropha oil Jatropha methyl ester

1 Specific gravity

@20C

0.84 0.9 0.88

2 Density(kg/m^3) 840 900 880

3 Viscosity @40C Cst 3 35.6 4.58

4 Flash point C 75 240 165

5 Fire point C 260 170

6 FFA content (%) - 9.10 -

7 Moisture content (%) - 0.5 -

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EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

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1.Engine

2. Electric Dynamometer3. Loading device

4. Air box

5. Manometer

6. Fuel tank

7. Burette

8. Three way valve9. Coupling

10. Pressure transducer

11. Charge amplifier

12. Cathode ray oscilloscope

13. Temperature sensor

14. Temperature display15. Smoke meter

16. Exhaust gas analyzer

17.Fuel pump

18. Fuel injector

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ENGINE SPECIFICATION

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Model Kirloskar TAF-1

Type Single cylinder, four stroke, direct injection

Piston type Bowl-in -piston

Capacity 661 cc

Bore x stroke 87.5mm x 110mm

Compression ratio 17.5:1

Speed 1500 rpm (Constant)

Rated power 4.4 kW

Dynamometer Electrical type

Cooling system Air cooling

Injection timing 23bTDC

Injection pressure 200 bar

Ignition Compression ignition

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Variation of Brake Specific Fuel Consumption with

Brake mean effective pressure

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

BSFC(g/kWh)

BMEP (bar)

Diesel

Speed=1500 rpmInjection pressure=200 barInjection Timing=23bTDC

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Variation of Brake Thermal Efficiency with brake meaneffective pressure

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Bra

ke

thermale

fficiency

(%)

BMEP(bar)

Diesel

Speed=1500 rpmInjection pressure=200 barInjection Timing=23bTDC

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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

HCEm

issions

(g/kWh)

BMEP(bar)

Diesel

Speed=1500 rpm

Injection pressure=200 barInjection Timing=23bTDC

Variation of Hydrocarbon with brake mean effectivepressure

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Variation of Nox with brake mean effective pressure

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Oxidesofnitro

gen(g/kWh)

BMEP (bar)

Diesel

Speed=1500 rpmInjection pressure=200 bar

Injection Timing=23bTDC

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Variation of Carbon monoxide with brake meaneffective pressure

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

CO(g

/kWh)

BMEP (bar)

Diesel

Speed=1500 rpmInjection pressure=200 bar

Injection Timing=23bTDC

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EFFECT OF METAL ADDITIVE

Metals oxides of transition metals,oxides of non metals andsome special type of solid materials can be used as catalyst for

burning of carbon deposits.

Reduce the formation of black smoke.

Additive containing combution catalysts fuel that improvefuel combution.

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EFFECT OF NANO FUEL ADDITIVE

Shortens ignition delay and enhance fuel oxidation by catalyticeffect.

Enhanced physical properties of fluid such as thermal

conductivity, mass diffusivity and radiative heat transfer.

Nano additives increases the ignition probability of fuel. Burning of carbon deposits and improve fuel combustion.

hence reduced exhaust emission.

Increased surface area

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WORK TO BE DONE

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B10, B20 and B100 reading has to be taken

Cerium oxide nano particle is to be prepared.

Nano particle dispersed using capping agent and tested in B10, B20, B100.

Free fatty acid and water content of Jatropha oil was found and

transesterification process optimized.

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REFERENCES

Himanushu Tyagi, Patrick E,Phelan, Ravi prasher (2009),

Increased Hot -plate Ignition Probability for Nanoparticle Laden

Diesel Fuel, Nano Letters Vol. 08 pg.no:1410-1416.

Husnawan.M, H H Masjuki, TM I Mahlia, S.Mekhilef, M.G

Saifullah (2009), Use of post flame metal -based and oxygenated

additive combination for biodiesel-diesel blends, Journal of

Scientific & Industrial Research Vol.68 pg.no:1049-1052.

Jindal.S, B.P.Nandawana, N.S.Rathore, V.Vahistha (2010)

Experimental investigation of the effect of compression ratio and

injection pressure in a direct injection diesel engine running on

Jatropha methyl ester, Applied Thremal Engineering vol. 30,

pgno.442-448.

16

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Jindal.S, Bhagwati P.Nandwana, and Narendra .S.

Rathore,(2010), Comparative evaluation of combustion,

performance and emissions of Jatropha Methy Ester and Karanja

Methyl Ester in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine, Energy and fuels article vol.24, pgno.1565-1572.

James Kenneth sanders, Richard Wilson Tock, duck Joo Yang

(2009), Nano - sized metal and metal oxide particles for morecomplete fuel combustion , united states patent, patent no. US

2009/0000186 A1.

keskin.A ,M.Guru D.Altiparmak(2010), The Investigation of Performance and Emissions characteristics of Tall oil Biodiesel

with a Co based Additive, Energy sources Vol 27, pg no 1899-

1907.

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THANK YOU

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