©2009 cengage learning. all rights reserved.. understanding nutritional guidelines dietary...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter Six - Promoting Good Nutrition In Early
Childhood Education
©2009 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Understanding Nutritional GuidelinesDietary Guidelines
for AmericansBuild a healthy baseAim for Fitness
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MyPyramid
My Pyramid Food Guidance SystemEmphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains and fat-free
or low-fat milk and milk products.Recommendations of the system are interrelated and
head the individual toward an increased intake of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals and other essential nutrients
The system is divided into two levels1) Individualized daily food intake recommendations and 2) Information to help individuals make better food
choices. Variety, proportionality, moderation and activity are the
focus©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Understanding Nutritional Guidelines
MyPyramidFocus is on
Grains Vegetables Fruits Milk and milk products Meat and beans Minor focus on oils No focus on cutting down on sugars
U.S. Daily Reference Intake (DRI)Food Lab - Calories, fat, cholesterol,
carbohydrates, protein, Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, calcium and iron
Trans fats added in 2006©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Understanding Nutritional GuidelinesHealthy People 2010-is a national health agenda that communicates a vision
and a strategy for improving the health of the Nation's population and achieving health equity. Each decade since 1980, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has released a comprehensive set of national public health objectives known as the Healthy People initiative
Child and Adult Care Food Program-USDA’s Child and Adult
Care Food Program plays a vital role in improving the quality of day care and making it more affordable for many low-income families. Each day, 3.3 million children receive nutritious meals and snacks through CACFP. The program also provides meals and snacks to 120,000 adults who receive care in nonresidential adult day care centers. CACFP reaches even further to provide meals to children residing in emergency shelters, and snacks and suppers to youths participating in eligible afterschool care programs.
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Basic MacronutrientsEnergy Nutrients Provide calories
Fats 9 grams Proteins 4 grams Carbohydrates 4 grams
Macronutrients are needed To maintain life, For growth To regulate the body To perform voluntary activities
Carbohydrates First source of energy for the body
Fats Second source of energy
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Basic MacronutrientsTypes of Fats
Saturated raises cholesterol found in animal fats
Monounsaturated is neutral found in olives, peanuts, nuts and avocado
Polyunsaturated lowers cholesterol found in plants and plant oils
Trans fats
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ProteinThird source of energy and will only be used as
a source if all supplies of fat and carbohydrates are used
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Basic MicronutrientsVitamins - assist energy nutrients and aid in
metabolismFat Soluble
Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K
Water SolubleVitamin B and Vitamin C
Minerals Help the metabolic process and regulate body fluids Calcium Phosphorus Iron Sodium Magnesium Potassium Fluoride
©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Basic MicronutrientsMinerals
Help the metabolic process and regulate body fluids
Calcium Phosphorus Iron Sodium Magnesium Potassium Fluoride
Basic Micronutrients Water
Necessary to sustain life 70% of human body is water Water loss in body due to urination and
evaporation Sources are most foods found in nature and
water
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Reality Check: How is America Eating: Do We Fulfill Our Nutritional Needs?
How are we as a country doing on our eating habits?
How might we improve?
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Implications for TeachersEducationFor FamiliesRole ModelingCultural CompetenceSupervision
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Chapter Seven - Protecting Good Nutrition In Early Childhood Education Environments
Nutrition Policies for Preventing Risk Risks include:
Hunger Malnutrition Obesity Food allergies Lack of physical exercise Other nutritional challenges
Dental caries, cardiovascular disease, iron deficiency anemia
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Hunger, Food Insecurity, Malnutrition and Misnutrition
Hunger Food insecurity MalnutritionMisnutrition
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Childhood ObesityMost prevalent nutritional disease in children 18
years of age and youngerMeasured by the Body Mass Index (BMI) compares
weight to heightThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
classifies children in the 95th percentile and higher as obese
May be ethnically linked – higher ratio of obesity among:
Hispanics African American Native Americans
How can we improve these statistics?©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Using Physical Activity and Exercise as a Part of Diet
Time for physical activities and exercise is a necessary part of creating nutritional policies Children have at least one hour of unstructured
active play in a dayToddlers should be provided with 30 minutes of
structured play everyday Preschoolers should have at least one hour of
structured play that allows for movement and physical activity
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Food AllergiesFoods that commonly bring on allergies
Milk, peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, eggs, fish,
soybeans, shellfishThe response to food allergies may be
skin rashes difficulty breathing gastrointestinal difficulties
Food intolerance is an abnormal response to a food
Allergy to a food response is triggered from the immune system and may cause serious medical condition or may be life threatening
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Food Allergies
Sixty-three percent of teachers may have a child with a food allergy in the early childhood education environment.
Teacher should have a Food Allergy Action Plan
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Other Nutritional Challenges
Dental Caries (cavities)Foods high in carbohydrates and sugar promote
formation of cavities Fluoride most affective way of preventing cavities
Brushing teeth after meals and not giving juice in bottles
help in prevention Teachers can make sure that the early childhood education
environment can provide foods that have Plenty of protein Calcium Vitamins
Don’t use sugary foods Don’t allow “grazing”
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©2010 Cengage Learning.All Rights Reserved.
Other Nutritional Challenges Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension
Too many calories, too much fat, too much cholesterol
Can lead to development of coronary atherosclerosis or heart disease
Other Nutritional ChallengesIron Deficiency Anemia
Most prevalent nutritional problem in children in US besides obesity
Children may have trouble concentrating, which may affect brain development
Diets need sufficient amounts of iron to prevent that
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Reality CheckTelevision and Its Effects on Children’s Diet and
ExerciseA great majority of ads on television are for foods
that are low in nutritional value. What types of “hooks” are used to sell children these food?
Peanut AllergyHow might having a child with a peanut
allergy impact the early education environment?
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