City Operations:Energy Use and Emissions

City of HoustonCity of HoustonAugust 28, 2009

Framework for Sustainability: Leading the Way

• Buildings and Homes: Reduce energy consumption per square foot through increased energy efficiency measures and construction standards

Infrastructure: Increase energy productivity utilization and long term• Infrastructure: Increase energy productivity utilization and long-term reliability for major infrastructure

• Energy Supplies: Embrace renewable energy sources to provide reliable, secure power for our region leveraging wind and solar resources

• Transportation: Migrate to more fuel efficient, cleaner vehicles fleets across our regionacross our region

• Environmental Stewardship: Divert waste flow away from landfills to recycling paths.

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Emissions TrackingEmissions Tracking

• Measuring progress – emissions reporting/accounting

• Possible inventory requirements of a Cap-and-Trade system

• Houston’s approach

• Past: 2010 Multi-Pollutant Emissions Reduction Plan (MERP) for City Operations

• Present: conducting GHG emissions inventory for the community

• Future: develop community-wide strategies for cost-

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savings, air quality improvement, and awareness

MERP MethodologyMERP Methodology

Step 2: Step 3:Step 1: Scope, quantify, &

collect data

Step 2: Input data into ICLEI Clean Air & Climate Protection Software

Step 3: Record outputs,

analyze, & develop reduction strategiesg

Scope QuantificationTime 2005Entity City of Houston Government Operations By City departmentPollutants GHGs, NOx, VOCs Short tons per year (tpy)Sources Mobile VMT & vehicle type

A t f f l & f l tAmount of fuel & fuel typeBuildings/structures, streetlights/traffic lights, WWTP, etc.

Electricity (kWh)Natural gas (MMBtu)

Waste (municipal & residential) Tons of waste

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Waste (municipal & residential) Tons of wasteWaste composition

Results: 2005 Baseline InventoryResults: 2005 Baseline Inventory

PollutantSource GHG NOx VOC Total

tpy % of total tpy % of total tpy % of total tpy % of totalMobile Sources 88,522 4% 225 12% 206 67% 88,953 5%Buildings and Structures 1,024,017 52% 1,703 88% 100 33% 1,025,820 52%u d gs a d St uctu es , , , , ,Waste 856,309 43% 0 0% 0 0% 856,309 43%Total 1,968,848 100% 1,928 100% 306 100% 1,971,082 100%

100%

60%

80%

2005 Baseline

0%

20%

40%Emissions Inventory

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0%GHG NOx VOC

Emissions Reduction GoalsEmissions Reduction Goals

GHGs NO VOCs2,124

1 9692,000

2,500GHGs NOx VOCs

1,629

2,1451,928

2,000

2,500

306340

306300

400

er y

ear

year

year

1,9691,752

1,1391,024

856 886

8821,000

1,5001,393

1,8951,703

1,000

1,500210229

206

96111100

200

300

and

tons

pe

Tons

per

Tons

per

y

979989

773856 886

-

500

2005 2010 2010

236250225

000-

500

2005Base

2010BAU

2010Goal

96111100

000-

100

2005 2010 2010

Thou

sa

Mobile SourcesBuildings and Structures

Base BAU GoalBase BAU Goal 2005

Base2010BAU

2010Goal

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gWasteTotal

Note: Base = Baseline; BAU = Business as Usual

SourcePollutant (tpy)

GHG NOx VOCBuildings and Facilities by DepartmentBuildings and Facilities by DepartmentConvention & Entertainment 40,910 65 2Finance & Administration 171 0 0General Services9 83,974 132 3Health & Human Services 7,995 12 0Houston Airport System 198,404 308 9Library 7,533 12 0Municipal Courts 3,036 5 0Parks and Recreation 33,646 53 1Public Works 26,986 42 1S lid W 3 117 5 0Solid Waste 3,117 5 0Parks Lights 201 0 0Street Lights 90,542 143 4Traffic Signals 17 295 27 1

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Traffic Signals 17,295 27 1Water Production and Wastewater Treatment 510,207 899 79Total 1,024,017 1,703 100

Building RetrofitsBuilding Retrofits

GHGs NOx VOCs

151

136

150

200

er y

ear

33

3

4

er y

ear

85,964

95,656

68 18360,000

80,000

100,000

per Y

ear

114136

50

100To

ns p

e2

1

2

Tons

pe68,183

20,000

40,000

60,000

Tons

p

02005Base

2010BAU

2010Goal

02005Base

2010BAU

2010Goal

02005Base

2010BAU

2010Goal

GHG (tpy) NOx (tpy) VOC (tpy)2005 Emissions Inventory 85,964 136 32010 Business As Usual 95,656 151 3

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Building Retrofits* -27,472 -38 -1

2010 Goal 68,183 114 2* Emissions reductions are expected to be slightly lower than estimated

Building RetrofitsBuilding Retrofits

• Partnership between Clinton Climate Initiative (CCI), Energy Services Companies (ESCOs), and City of Houston (COH)

• 262 buildings, 7 million square feet• Two ESCOs: TAC and Siemens

P j b k 12• Project payback 7-12 years

• Contract guarantees 30% energy use reductionGHG (tpy) NOx (tpy) VOC (tpy)

2005 Emissions Inventory 85,964 136 32010 Business As Usual 95,656 151 3

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Building Retrofits* -27,472 -38 -1

2010 Goal 68,183 114 2* Emissions reductions are expected to be slightly lower than estimated

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ScopeScope

-39 WWTPs, 420 lift stations

-230 MGD treated

-564 permitted

-625 square miles of service areaq

-Population of approximately 2.8 million

Region adding another 3 million by 2035-Region adding another 3 million by 2035

-Budget: $120 million

$37 f t ff $34 f l t i it $10 illi f11

-$37 for staff, $34 for electricity, $10 million for chemicals, $7.5 for natural gas

Wastewater GoalsWastewater Goals

1) Reduce energy use

2) Decrease emissions

3) More sustainable operations3) More sustainable operations

4) Disaster resiliency

5) Compliance with more protective (restrictive) water standards

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Potential Solution:Potential Solution:

Performance Contracting

- partner with ESCO(s)

- financing optionsfinancing options

RFQ – asked for qualifications from ESCOs

RFP - forthcoming

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Solar Energy:Solar Bees® Pilot

• Problem: seasonal algal blooms in Lake Houston drinking• Problem: seasonal algal blooms in Lake Houston, drinking water source

• Solution: solar-powered aeration mixers to prevent blooms• Solution: solar-powered aeration mixers to prevent blooms

Total annual cost savings:$769 000$769,000

Annual energy avoidance: 2,190,000 kWh or $219,000

Annual chemical savings: 67% reduction in chemicals or

$550 000

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$550,000

Combined Heat and Power System (CHP)

• City of Houston Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs)• City of Houston Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) consume significant amounts of electricity and natural gas

• Partner with the Clinton Climate Initiative to pursue CHP at WWTPs

• Installation of a CHP system at the Almeda-Sims WWTP:

• 74% reduction in electricity usey

• 39% increase in natural gas use

• 1095 tons per year of CO2e emission reduction15

• 1095 tons per year of CO2e emission reduction

3 Take-Aways from Houston3 Take-Aways from Houston

• Practical and feasible solutions to address impacts of City of• Practical and feasible solutions to address impacts of City of Houston operations

• Majority of projects lead to cost savings – driving force• Majority of projects lead to cost savings – driving force behind many projects (i.e. wind energy purchase)

• Decouple growth from energy consumptionDecouple growth from energy consumption

Cool Globes This public art exhibit will feature 50 super-sizedThis public art exhibit will feature 50 super sized Cool Globes that each convey a different message about what ordinary citizens can do to combat global warming.

16Coming to Houston October 8, 2009

Contact InformationContact Information

• Emissions Reduction Plan• Emissions Reduction Plan http://www.greenhoustontx.gov/reports

K l P l Di f E i l P i• Karl Pepple, Director of Environmental Programming Mayor’s Officekarl.pepple@cityofhouston.net

• Jennifer Tsuda, Environmental AnalystMayor’s Officeyjennifer.tsuda@cityofhouston.net

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QuestionsQuestions

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