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Drug Policy inWorld Historical Perspective:

The Five Stages of Regulation

David T. Courtwright

[email protected]

Second Annual Conference

International Society for the Study of Drug Policy

Lisbon, Portugal, April 3, 2008


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Five Stages of Drug Regulation

1. Sporadic, sometimes fierce, opposition to novelpsychoactive drugs in the fifteenth and early sixteenthcenturies.

2. Legal, taxed, and fast-expanding global drug trade, mid-

seventeenth to mid-nineteenth centuries.3. Selective restriction and prohibition, late nineteenth to

early twentieth centuries.

4. Era of tobacco-alcohol double standard, mid-twentieth

century.5. Re-emergence of ATOD paradigm and movementtoward more comprehensive drug control, late twentieth-century to the present.


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1. Sporadic, sometimes fierce, opposition to novelpsychoactive drugs in the fifteenth and earlysixteenth centuries.




4. Era of tobacco-alcohol double standard, mid-twentieth

century.5. Re-emergence of ATOD paradigm and movement towardmore comprehensive drug control, late twentieth-centuryto the present.


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2. Legal, taxed, and fast-expanding global drug trade,

mid-seventeenth to mid-nineteenth centuries.3. Selective restriction and prohibition, late nineteenth to


4. Era of tobacco-alcohol double standard, mid-twentiethcentury.

5. Re-emergence of ATOD paradigm and movementtoward more comprehensive drug control, late twentieth-century to the present.


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seventeenth to mid-nineteenth centuries.3. Selective restriction and prohibition, late nineteenth

to early twentieth centuries.




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Sources of Opposition to Nonmedical Drug Use that

Increase the Likelihood of Restriction or Prohibition

and Generate Labels of Abuse or Addiction

Deviant

Associations

Group Survival

SinfulConduct Social Costs

Direct Harm to

Self and Others


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Bad Husband


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Mortality among physicians in

Natchez, Mississippi, 1823-1853Temperate physicians

28 of 37 still alive in 1853

Intemperate physicians

3 of 25 still alive in 1853

They believed in the hygienic virtues of alcoholic drinks, and

taught that doctrine by precept and example.

-- Samuel A. Cartwright, M.D.


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Deviant

Associations

Group Survival

SinfulConduct SocialCosts

Direct Harm to

Self and Others


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Deviant

Associations

Group Survival


Direct Harm to

Self and Others


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Deviant

Associations

Group Survival


Direct Harm to

Self and Others


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Opium Smoker


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Deviant

Associations

Group Survival


Direct Harm to

Self and Others


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Dope Menace Cartoon


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4. Era of tobacco-alcohol double standard, mid-twentieth century.



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Mr. ATODs Wild Ride


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Drug Policy in

World Historical Perspective:

The Five Stages of Regulation

David T. Courtwright

[email protected]

Second Annual Conference

International Society for the Study of Drug Policy

Lisbon, Portugal, April 3, 2008

2008_drug policy in world historical perspective_slideshow_36p

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