2008-11-17 tall building forum - mep session (gz west tower)

17 November 2008

Tall Building Forum

Tall Building Forum – MEP Session Guangzhou West Tower

MEP Session – Guangzhou West Tower

MEP Design Consideration for

Tall Buildings


By Calvin Fu / Tom Cheung

1. Introduction

2. MEP Design Considerations for Tall Buildings2.1 MEP Services Zone Impact on Floor-to-floor height2.2 Core Efficiency2.3 Ratio of Total Plant Room Area (TPRA) and Typical Floor Area

(TFA) to Gross Floor Area (GFA)2.4 MEP System for Composite Building2.5 Centralized vs De-centralized System

Agenda


3. Summary


Introduction

• West Tower is located in Guangzhou Zhujiang New Town with approx. 40,000m² Gross Area

• 103 Storey with approx. 432m height

1.0 Introduction

• Composite building which consists of multi-functional areas such as office, hotel, retails, carpark, etc.



MEP Design Considerations for Tall Buildings

• Floor-to-floor height and clear headroom are bounded by the structural MEP (SMEP) zone

2.1 MEP Services

Zone Impact

STR

MEP


• Minimize the required height of SMEP zone in turn of increasing the total number of floors with a limited height

• Intensive design coordination is required to achieve optimized design

MEP Services Zone Coordination2.1 MEP Services

Zone Impact

Electrical Trunking

ELV TrunkingExhaust


CorridorTypical Clear Headroom:

2800 - 3300mm

Intake Airduct

Emergency Trunking Cable

Tray

Trunking TrunkingExhaust Airduct Sprinkler

Pipe

Typical Floor-to-Floor Height:

4000 - 4500mm

Comparison of Different System

3900mm Floor HeightFCU System

Fit-in RC

Ribbed Slab System

Fit-in Pre-stress

Flat Slab System

Fit-in Composite

Beam / Slab SystemRC

3900mm Floor Height 3900mm Floor Height

Flat Slab

2.1 MEP Services

Zone Impact


VAV System

Underfloor AC Supply System

3900mm Floor Height4000mm Floor Height4000mm Floor Height

4000mm Floor Height 4000mm Floor Height 4000mm Floor Height

Composite Beam

Headroom Summary Table

ProjectFL-FL Height (mm)

Clear Headroom

(mm)

SMEP-FL Ratio

1 Guangzhou West Tower 4500 3100 0.31

2 Shanghai China Merchant Bank 4500 3000 0.33

3 Beijing CCTV Headquaters (Main Tower) 4250 2800 0.34

4 Shenzhen Stock Exchange 4350 2900 0.33

2.1 MEP Services

Zone Impact


5 HWP Tianjin Complex 4200 3000 0.29

6 Suzhou Gate to the East 4000 2620 0.35

7 Guangzhou R & F Mixed-Use Tower 4200 2600 0.38

8 Hong Kong Nina Tower 3850 2650 0.31

9 Chongqing World Finance Tower 4200 2800 0.33

10 Shenzhen Kingkey Finance Tower 4200 2800 0.33

Remarks: SMEP-FL denotes structural MEP zone height to floor height.

• Lift core is the major element occupied the core area of tall building

2.2 Core

EfficiencyLift System

• Different lift design strategy will be considered for optimizing the core efficiency: -

� Using high speed lift

� Sky lobby

� Use of double-deck lift


� Use of double-deck lift

• Study of Grade A Office Portion

1. Conventional Option

2. Sky Lobby Option with Single-Deck Shuttle Lift

3. Sky Lobby Option with Double-Deck Shuttle Lift

Lift Traffic Analysis Comparison2.2 Core

Efficiency

Single-Deck Lift

Sky Lobby

Sky Lobby


Double-Deck

Shuttle Lift

Single-Deck

Shuttle Lift

Option 1 Option 2 Option 3

No. of Lifts 36 42 40

Lift Traffic Analysis Comparison

• Summary

2.2 Core

Efficiency


Min. No. of

Escalators0 0 4

No. of Lift

Shafts36 24 22

Lift Shaft Volume (m3)

40,000 28,000 26,500

West Tower Lift System2.2 Core

Efficiency

Sky

Local Lift


• Double-deck shuttle lifts are applied for low and high zone on office portion of building

• 2 sky lobbies for office shuttle lifts

• 1 sky lobby for hotel shuttle lifts

• Local lifts as inter-floor transfer

Shuttle Lift

Sky Lobby

Other MEP Services Inside Core

ELV

ELV

Electrical

FS

FS

Staircase Pressurization

Smoke Extraction

HVAC

PD

Floor Efficiency ~71%

2.2 Core

Efficiency


ElectricalELV

ELV

Electrical

FS

FS

Staircase Pressurization

Smoke Extraction

Smoke Extraction

HVAC

PD

Core Efficiency Summary Table2.2 Core

Efficiency

ProjectBuilding Height

(m)

Core Efficiency

(%)

1 Guangzhou West Tower 432 71

2 Shanghai China Merchant Bank 200 74

3 Beijing CCTV Headquaters (Main Tower) 234 72

4 Shenzhen Stock Exchange 240 71


5 HWP Tianjin Complex 246 75

6 Suzhou Gate to the East 280 74

7 Guangzhou R & F Mixed-Use Tower 285 74

8 Hong Kong Nina Tower 320 72

9 Chongqing World Finance Tower 402 77

10 Shenzhen Kingkey Finance Tower 439 70

• Electrical

� Power Substation (Tx room, Switchroom)

� Backup Generator

� Lift Machine Room

� Security Control Room

� Fire Services Control Room

• Mechanical

MEP Plant Space Category2.3 Ratio of TPRA

and TFA to GFA


• Mechanical

� Chiller Plant Room

� Cooling Tower

� Potable & Flushing Water Tank and Pump

Room

� Fire Services Water Tank and Pump Room

� Smoke Extraction & Staircase Pressurization

Room

Plantroom Allocation2.3 Ratio of TPRA

and TFA to GFA

Hotel ChillerAHU

Fan RoomPAUFan Room

PAU + Free Cooling FanAHUFan RoomPressurization fan & smoke extraction fan roomFS Tank

Hotel Cooling Tower

Sprinkler Water TankPotable Water TankLife Machine RoomSmoke Extraction (Atrium)PAU & AHU

Fan RoomBoiler Room

PAUAHUSmoke Extraction(Atrium)

P&D TransferAHU / Fan RoomPotable Water


ChillerChilled Water PumpMain TX RoomGeneratorPotable WaterFS

Fan RoomLife Machine RoomSwimming Pool Filtration PlantTX Room

Fan Room

Pressurization fan & smoke extraction fan roomTX RoomPotable WaterFS Tenant Heat Rejection PAU + AHU

EAFPressurization fan & smoke extraction fan roomPotable WaterFSTX RoomHX + Chilled Water PumpTenant Heat Rejection

Total Plant Space Summary Table

ProjectTFA –GFA

Ratio (%)

TPRA –GFA Ratio

(%)

1 Guangzhou West Tower 1.12 10.50

2 Shanghai China Merchant Bank 1.69 10.89 ~11%

2.3 Ratio of TPRA

and TFA to GFA


3 Shenzhen Stock Exchange 1.66 10.46

4 Guangzhou R & F Mixed-Use Tower 1.26 10.23

5 Chongqing World Finance Tower 1.15 11.09

Remarks:

1. TFA-GFA denotes typical floor area to GFA.

2. TPRA-GFA denotes total plant room area to GFA.

• Example

2.4 MEP System

for Composite

Building

Architectural Zoning

Zone A: Executive

Office

Zone B: Hotel


Zone C: Office

Zone E: Car Park

Zone D: Retail

• LV Power Distribution System

MEP Functional Zoning

Zone A: Executive

Office Zone B: Hotel

Zone AZone B

2.4 MEP System

for Composite

Building



Zone C: Office

Zone E: Car Park

MEP Zoning

Zone C

Zone DZone D: Retail

• HVAC System


Zone A: Executive


Zone BZone A

2.4 MEP System

for Composite

Building



Zone C: Office

Zone E: Car Park

Zone D: Retail

MEP Zoning

Zone C

• Lift System


Zone A: Executive


Zone BZone A

2.4 MEP System

for Composite

Building



Zone C: Office

Zone E: Car Park

MEP Zoning

Zone C

Zone D

Zone E

Zone D: Retail

2.4 MEP System

for Composite

Building

West Tower Zoning Arrangement

Zone 3: Office

Zone 4: Hotel

Refuge / ME 4

Zone 3: Hotel

Zone 2: OfficeRefuge

ME5


MEP Zoning for LV DistributionArchitectural Zoning

Zone 1: Suite Office,

Podium, Carpark

Zone 2: Basement

Chiller Plant

Zone 1: Retails,

Basement, Carpark

Refuge / ME 1

Refuge / ME 2

Refuge / ME 3

2.5 Centralized vs

De-centralized

System

• For super tall building, composite zoning is normally adopted

• Centralized System

� Fire Services System

� Plumbing System

� Security System

System Arrangement


• De-centralized System

� Air-conditioning System

� Power Supply System

� Lift System

2.5 Centralized vs

De-centralized

System

Centralized AHU System

• Located at one or more specified floors

Pros: -

• No AHU at typical floor - increase core efficiency of typical floor

• Centralized maintenance works


• Centralized maintenance works

Cons: -

• More plant space requires at podium area and main entrance floor

• Duct-borne noise is existed

2.5 Centralized vs

De-centralized

System

De-centralized AHU System

• Located at each typical floor

Pros: -

• Better individual AC control

• High availability for equipment selection

• Less plant space required at


• Less plant space required at podium area and main entrance floor

Cons: -

• Reduce core efficiency of typical floor

• More individual maintenance work

2.5 Centralized vs

De-centralized

System

West Tower AHU System

AHU on each floor

AHU on each floor


De-centralized AHU System in GZ West Tower


Summary

MEP Design Considerations for Tall Buildings

- MEP Services Zone Impact on Floor-to-floor height

- Core Efficiency

- Ratio of Total Plant Room Area (TPRA) and Typical Floor Area (TFA)

3.0 Summary


- Ratio of Total Plant Room Area (TPRA) and Typical Floor Area (TFA)

to Gross Floor Area (GFA)

- MEP System for Composite Building

- Centralized vs De-centralized System

2008-11-17 tall building forum - mep session (gz west tower)

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