2005 weed control update - kansas state university · pyroxasulfone new active ingredient formerly...
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2012
Wheat and Soybean
Weed Control
Update Dallas Peterson
Department of Agronomy
K-State Research & Extension
Current Weed Control Issues
New Herbicide Technologies
New Trait Technologies
Herbicide Resistance
New Herbicide Developments in Wheat
Prepare
Olympus
Preemergence application
Pre-Pare New product from Arysta containing 70% flucarbazone (Everest).
Preplant through preemergence to wheat.
Rates: 0.3 oz/acre
Weeds: postemergence and residual control or suppression of bromus species and certain broadleaf weeds.
Pre-Pare Generally applied with glyphosate as part of burndown treatment in no-till.
Follow-up postemergence application of Everest 2.0 at 0.5 fl oz/acre generally recommended for improved control of bromus species.
Do not rotate to soybeans or sunflower for 9 months, or corn for 11 months
Olympus Now labeled as a Preplant/preemergence application with glyphosate for residual weed control in wheat.
Preplant through preemergence to wheat.
Rates: 0.6 oz/acre
Weeds: postemergence and residual suppression of bromus species and certain broadleaf weeds.
Can be used in sequence with a spring application of Olympus at 0.6 oz/acre.
Total seasonal Olympus rate should not exceed 1.2 oz/a.
Weed Control in winter wheat at Manhattan, KS in
2010 (Peterson and Thompson).
Herbicide Rate Time Downy
brome Cheat
Rye-
grass
----------------(%)---------------
Prepare 0.3 PRE 40 63 7
Olympus 0.6 PRE 78 100 57
Olympus 0.9 FP 87 100 95
Olympus 0.9 SP 73 100 100
Prepare/Everest 0.3/0.3 PRE/SP 65 100 93
Olympus/Olympus 0.6/0.6 PRE/SP 98 100 98
Olympus/Olympus 0.9/0.3 FP/SP 96 100 100
LSD (5%) 8 11 17
New Herbicides and Technologies for Soybeans
Fierce
Zidua
Anthem
Liberty Link Soybeans
Pyroxasulfone New active ingredient formerly known as KIH-485 that was developed by Kumiai and will be marketed in several different products from various companies.
Similar mode of action to acetamide herbicides such as Dual and Harness, but active at much lower rates and has more broadleaf activity and longer residual.
Products with pyroxasulfone include Zidua, Fierce, Anthem
Fierce
Premix from Valent containing 33.5%
flumioxazin (Valor) and 42.5%
pyroxasulfone (Zidua) WDG.
Timing: Fall, EPP through preemergence.
Application rate: 3 to 4.5 oz/acre
3 oz Fierce = 2 oz Valor + 1.5 oz KIH 485
Preemergence control of grass and broadleaf
weeds, including pigweeds.
Zidua New product from BASF containing 85% pyroxasulfone.
Preplant through preemergence, and postemergence in corn and soybeans.
Rates: 2 to 2.5 oz/a?
Weeds: preemergence control of annual grass and broadleaf weeds, including pigweeds.
Anthem New premix from FMC containing pyroxasulfone and Cadet.
Preplant, preemergence in corn and soybeans.
Rates: 5 -7 fl oz/a?
Weeds: annual grass and broadleaf weeds, including pigweeds.
Weed control in soybeans at Manhattan, KS in 2011
(Peterson and Thompson).
Treatment Rate Lacg Paam Vele Ilmg
oz/a -------------- (%)-------------
Valor XLT 3 84 93 99 95
Authority XL 4 88 96 94 97
Authority Assist 7 90 95 100 100
Fierce 3.75 99 97 95 97
Anthem 7 98 97 93 23
LSD (5%) 7 4 4 6
Liberty Link Soybeans
Liberty Link soybeans introduced in 2009.
Allows the use of Ignite (new formulation of
Liberty) on LL soybeans.
Timing is critical for good weed control.
Ignite New formulation of glufosinate (Liberty)
containing 2.34 lb ai/gal.
Rate: 22 to 36 oz/a.
Single application at 29-36 oz/A.
Sequential applications 1 to 2 weeks effective.
Total maximum per season = 65 oz/A.
Timing: Emergence to bloom stage of soybean
growth.
Adjuvant: AMS at 3 lb/A.
Ignite
Application timing, spray coverage,
temperature, humidity, light intensity, and
time of day all critical to performance.
Works best as part of a sequential weed
control program with preemergence residual
herbicides.
Do not graze treated crop or cut for hay.
Weed control and soybean yields in Liberty Link soybeans,
Manhattan, KS, 2011 (SB201111).
Application Soybean injury
Herbicide Rate Timing 6/8 6/15 8/15 Lacg Paam Vele Ilmg
(oz/A) --------(%)-------- ----------% control---------
Ignite 36 EP 3 0 80 85 96 93
Ignite/Ignite 29/29 EP/Seq 2 0 94 93 100 98
Prefix/Ignite 32/29 PRE/P 0 0 0 100 100 89 91
Prefix+Ignite 32+29 EP 16 1 90 90 95 95
Valor/Ignite 2/29 PRE/P 0 0 0 97 98 100 98
Valor XLT/Ignite 3/29 PRE/P 3 5 1 99 100 100 99
Auth First/Ignite 4/29 PRE/P 0 2 0 98 100 100 100
Auth XL/Ignite 4/29 PRE/P 6 7 1 100 98 100 100
Fierce/Ignite 3/29 PRE/P 3 3 0 100 100 100 99
LSD (5%) 2 3 1 6 8 5 4
PRE = preemergence; EP = early postemergence; P= postemergence; Seq = sequential; Lacg
= large crabgrass; Paam = Palmer amaranth; Vele = velvetleaf; Ilmg = ivyleaf morningglory. Sk
Weed control and soybean yields in Liberty Link
soybeans, Manhattan, KS, 2009 (SB200911).
Application RR SB
Herbicide Rate Timing Lacg Paam Vele Ilmg Sorg Corn Yield
(oz/A) -----------------------(% control)-----------------
----
(Bu/a)
Ignite 22 P 53 53 78 88 99 100 58
Ignite/Ignite 22/22 EP/Seq 98 99 100 100 100 100 67
Valor/Ignite 2/22 PRE/P 96 98 100 92 100 98 67
Auth Assist/Ignite 8/22 PRE/P 99 100 100 100 100 100 72
Prefix/Ignite/Ignite 3/22/22 PRE/P 100 100 96 97 100 100 70
Untreated 33
LSD (5%) 4 2 3 4 1 2 7
Lacg = large crabgrass; Paam = Palmer amaranth; Vele = velvetleaf; Ilmg = ivyleaf
morningglory; Sorg = sorghum; RR corn = volunteer Roundup Ready corn. Sk
Future Technologies in Soybeans Crops stacked with multiple herbicide resistant traits.
Dicamba resistant soybeans from Monsanto – 2014?
Metabolism based resistance, stacked with Roundup Ready trait
Monsanto and BASF developing new lower volatility formulation
of dicamba
DHT (Enlist) resistant soybeans from Dow AS – 2015?
Resistance to 2,4-D, stacked with glyphosate resistance
Metabolism based resistance
Dow developing new low volatility formulation of 2,4-D that will
be pre-mixed with glyphosate called Enlist Duo.
HPPD resistant soybeans – 2016?
Dicamba and 2,4-D Resistant Soybeans
Potential Benefits
Improved control of hard to control weeds
Morningglory, velvetleaf
Improved control of herbicide resistant weeds
Marestail, pigweeds, ragweeds, kochia
Improved burndown options without preplant
interval restrictions
Dicamba and 2,4-D Resistant Soybeans
Potential Risks
Accurate record keeping and communication with applicator regarding resistant and non-resistant fields.
Spray drift to non-resistant soybeans and other susceptible crops.
Sprayer contamination when switching between resistant and non-resistant soybeans.
Increased selection for multiple resistant weeds.
Dicamba Resistant Soybeans
48 oz/A Clarity, 1 WAT
Confirmed Glyphosate Resistant
Weeds in Kansas
Marestail
Common waterhemp
Giant ragweed and common ragweed
Kochia
Palmer amaranth?
Glyphosate Resistant Waterhemp in Eastern Kansas
Glyphosate Resistant Kochia in Soybeans
Marestail Escapes from Glyphosate
Marestail Escapes from Glyphosate
Managing Marestail
Timing, Timing, Timing!
Atrazine + 2,4-D in corn or sorghum
Utilize 2,4-D, dicamba, Sharpen
and/or residual herbicides in fall and
early spring burndown in no-till.
Ignite for late burndown control.
Control marestail in the wheat crop.
Don’t skimp on rate or appropriate
spray additives.
Use appropriate treatments.
Management Effect on Marestail in Soybeans
Weed Control from Fall Treatment
and Subsequent Effect on Corn crop.
Burndown of rosette marestail at Manhattan, KS in
2011 (Peterson and Thompson).
Treatment Timing Rate 1WAT 5/24 6/10 6/24
oz/a -------------- (%)-------------
Sharpen+MSO 4/12 1 95 53 43 33
2,4-D 4/12 16 48 73 63 38
Clarity 4/12 4 33 81 73 59
Clarity 4/12 8 40 89 93 88
Ignite+AMS 4/12 29 80 58 43 38
LSD (5%) 4 5 4 3
Marestail Response to Sharpen 5DAT
Marestail Response to Sharpen + COC 15DAT
Burndown of bolted marestail at Manhattan, KS in
2011 (Peterson and Thompson).
Treatment Timing Rate 1WAT 5/24 6/10 6/24
oz/a -------------- (%)-------------
Sharpen+MSO 5/10 1 94 86 76 61
2,4-D 5/10 16 37 33 57 47
Clarity 5/10 4 35 38 53 60
Clarity 5/10 8 43 48 68 79
Ignite+AMS 5/10 29 81 97 88 88
Roundup Pmax 5/10 22 48 93 96 96
Roundup+Sharpen 5/10 22+1 94 100 99 99
LSD (5%) 4 5 4 3
Large Marestail with Ignite 12 DAT
Glyphosate Resistant Waterhemp in Eastern Kansas
Gyphosate Resistant Waterhemp Control
Foundation preemergence herbicides
Soybeans: Prefix, Authority, Valor, Fierce, Intrro
Corn: Atrazine premixes, Lexar/Lumax, Balance Flexx, Corvus, Verdict, Sharpen
Postemergence herbicide options
Soybean – Flexstar, Cobra, Ultra Blazer
Corn – Callisto, Laudis, Capreno, Impact, Status
Liberty Link programs
Glyphosate resistant waterhemp control at Ottawa,
KS in 2011 (Peterson, Shoup, and Putman). Waterhemp Control
Herbicide Rate 6/28 7/20 9/6
(oz/a) (%)
Roundup Power Max 22 - 16 15
Valor XLT/ RUPM 4 /22 91 91 86
Valor XLT/RUPM+Flexstar 6.5/22+20 89 92 86
Auth XL/RUPM+Flexstar 6.5/22+20 98 97 96
Auth First/RUPM+Flexstar 6.5/22+20 90 96 94
Fierce/RUPM+Flexstar 4.5/22+20 100 100 100
LSD (5%) 7 4 5
Roundup Power Max
Fierce/Roundup PM+Flexstar
Broadleaf weed control at Manhattan, KS in 2010
with good activation (Peterson and Thompson). Herbicide Rate Paam Vele Ilmg
(%)
Valor 2 oz 97 100 80
Valor XLT 3 oz 96 100 90
Fierce 3 oz 99 99 87
Authority First/Sonic 3.2 oz 97 100 87
Authority XL 4 oz 98 93 90
Prefix 2 pt 100 53 50
OpTill 2 oz 89 100 83
Prowl H2O 2.5 pt 50 83 27
LSD (5%) 7 4 5
Broadleaf weed control at Manhattan, KS in 2010
with delayed activation (Peterson and Thompson).
Herbicide Rate Paam Vele Ilmg
(oz/a) -------------(%)------------
Valor XLT 3.5 99 87 73
Authority First 3.2 75 70 77
Authority XL 4 63 63 73
Authority Assist 5 80 67 80
Fierce 3 98 100 73
LSD (5%) 8 13 12
