2004 © university of texas health science center at san antonio positively aging® & m.o.r.e....

2004 © University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioPositively Aging® & M.O.R.E. Curriculum Programs

Zzzzzzzz World: The World of Sleep


Zzzzzzzz World: The World of Sleep

• Brought to you by:– Positively Aging® and

M.O.R.E. Curriculum Programs

– University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio


“The natural periodic

suspension of consciousness

during which the powers of the

body are restored.”

MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary

Sleep: What is it?


Sleep: What is it?•Sleep-wake cycle varies in

relation to age and gender–Newborns sleep as much as 20 hours/day

–Children sleep 8-14 hours/day

–Elderly sleep 6.5 hours/day–Women past age 35 sleep more than men

Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary Edition 19


NREM Sleep

(Figure modified with permission from “Ontogenetic Development of Human Sleep-Dream Cycle”,by H.P. Roffwarg, J.N. Muzio, and W.C. Dement, 1966, Science, 152, p. 608. Copyright © 1966 by the AAAS.)


Sleep: What is it?

•Stages of sleep have been defined in terms of–Depth –EEG (plot of brain wave activity)

–Physiologic characteristics–Anatomic level

Stedman’s Medical Dictionary 27th Edition


http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih3/sleep/guide/info-sleep.htm

Some Measurements Taken During Sleep Studies


Modified w/ permission from Dr. Eric Chudler Neuroscience for Kids http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/sleep.html

Sleep Stages


Physiological Changes During

NREM and REM SleepPhysiologica

l ProcessDuring NREM

During REM

Brain activity (Nervous System)

Decreases from wakefulness

Increases in motor and sensory areas

Heart Rate(Circulatory System)

Slows from wakefulness

Increases and varies compared with NREM

Blood Pressure(Circulatory System)


Increases up to 30% & varies from NREM

Blood flow to brain(Circulatory System)

No change from wakefulness in most regions

Increases by 50% - 200%, varies with brain region



NREM and REM SleepPhysiological

ProcessDuring NREM During REM

Breathing Rate(Respiratory System)


Increases & varies from NREM

BreathingAirway resistance(Respiratory System)

Increases from wakefulness

Increases & varies from wakefulness

Body Temperature Lower set point than wakefulness; shivering starts at lower temperature than when awake

Not regulated, no shivering or sweating; body temperature drifts toward that of surroundings



NREM and REM Sleep

Physiological Process

During NREM During REM

Hormone Secretion(Endocrine System)

Several sleep-dependent hormones released

Several sleep-dependent hormones released

Urine Concentration(Excretory System)



Digestive Acid Production(Digestive System)

Decreases in normal digestive systems

Decreases in normal digestive systems

Swallowing(Digestive System)

Decreases Decreases

2004 © University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioPositively Aging® & M.O.R.E. Curriculum Programs http://www.antenna.nl/lithium/englishweb/images/cir_temp2.gif

Body Temperature During

Circadian Sleep/Wake Cycle


WAVE CHARACTERISTICS


This work is supported by funding from the following sources:

• Science Education Partnership Awards (National Center for Research Resources, National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute on Aging)

– R25-RR-12369 – R25-RR-08549

• Minority K-12 Initiative for Teachers and Students Grant R25-HL-075777 (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)

• MO1-RR-01346 for the Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center.

• The Positively Aging© and M.O.R.E. curriculum programs are administered through the Frederic C. Bartter General Clinical Research Center and the Department of Medicine. For further information, please contact Michael Lichtenstein, M.D. at [email protected].

2004 © university of texas health science center at san antonio positively aging® & m.o.r.e....

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