2003-09-28 the bigsmoke in new england, july 2002
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The BigSmoke in New England, July 2002 Smoke transport from Quebec to New England to …
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MODIS image
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Fire Pixels from MODIS, June 25-July 6, 2002
• Several satellite sensor (MODIS, GOES, AVHRR, ATSR…..) detect the location of most fires - DAILY• These ‘fire pixels’ can be used as sensor-based inputs to regional/global models, e.g. NAAPS• However, the quantity of smoke emitted from the from the ‘fire pixels’ can not be estimated well . • Hence, real-time model simulation of smoke transport is limited by the smoke emission estimates
Quebec Fires
Note pixel clusters due to larger fires
Manitoba – Sask. Fires
Note pixel clusters due to larger fires
SE US Fires
Random pixels from small fires
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MODIS: The Fine-Scale Picture
The Fires and the Smoke Transport of Smoke from N. Quebec to SE Canada and NE US.
020705MODIS 020706 MODIS
MODIS Land Rapid Response System
020707 MODIS
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SeaWiFS Hires: The Regional Picture
• Preceding and during the Quebec smoke event, there was a sulfate episode over the Eastern US.
• The Quebec smoke has a distinctly yellow color, different from the bluish sulfate haze.
020706SeaWiFS 020707SeaWiFS 020708SeaWiFS
Sulfate
Haze
Sulfate
Haze
Sulfate
HazeSmoke Smoke
Smoke
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GOES 8 Animation
July 6 animation: low-resolution, high resolution July 7 animation: low resolution, high resolution
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HazeCam - Boston
• 020706 10:00 Normal bluish haze
• 020707 10:00 Yellow haze - smoke
CamNet -Webcam
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HazeCam - Newark
• 020705 17:00 Clear
• 020706 17:00
• Yellow haze - smoke
CamNet -Webcam
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HazeCam - Hartford
• 020705 9:00 Normal bluish haze
• 020707 09:00 Yellow haze – smoke
• Why is this smoke so yellow??
CamNet -Webcam
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Smoke Pattern from
ASOS Visibility sensors
The largest circles correspond to > 100 ug/m3 PM2.5
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ASOS Bext Pattern
S. Ontario, Canada Baltimore, DC
W,. New York Burlington, VT
Boston, MA
Hartford, CT
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SeaWiFS & ASOS & TOMS
• SeaWiFS & ASOS Yellow circles proportional to ASOS Bext
• SeaWiFS & TOMS absorbing aerosol index.
• Notes: Yellow color (absorbing in blue?); no TOMS for fresh smoke
SeaWiFS & TOMS
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Quebec Fires, July 6, 2002
SeaWiFS, METAR and TOMS Index superimposed
SeaWiFS satellite and
METAR surface haze shown in the Voyager distributed data
browser
Satellite data are fetched from NASA GSFC; surface data
from NWS/CAPITA servers
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GOES 8 – METAR
July 6, 2002 8:15, 12:15, 16:15 EST
GOES8 20020706_1315 UTC
GOES8 20020706_1315
GOES8 20020706_1715 UTC
GOES8 20020706_2115 UTC
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Voyager Spatio-Temporal Data Browser
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TOMS: The Big Picture
Absorbing Aerosol Index
July 5: The near-source, low level smoke is not detected by TOMS
July 5
July 6
July 7
July 8
July 9
July 6-7: Smoke plume signal is very intense over S. Ontario and NE US.
July 8-9: Transport to the Atlantic.
Where will the smoke reach Europe?
How intense, will it be detectable?
Would anyone run Hysplit, ATAD?
July 10
July 11
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Trans-Atlantic Transport of Quebec Smoke
July 11: Smoke approaching Europe
July 10: Quebec smoke over Mid-Atlantic
SeaWiFS Reflectance
TOMS Absorbing Aerosol
SeaWiFS Reflectance
TOMS Absorbing Aerosol
Spain
Spain
E. US
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NRL Forecast Model for Dust, Smoke and SulfateMETAR Surface Haze
• Real-time model and surface observations are compared spatially and temporally• By July 11 the smoke has cleared, but the EUS sulfate episode persisted
Dust
Sulfate
Smoke
METAR HazeTime Selector
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Micro Pulse Lidar, NASA Goddard