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2002 ATA Annual ConferenceHyatt Regency Hotel Atlanta, Georgia

General Sessions

All presentations are in English unless otherwise noted.

Agencies, Bureaus, and Companies

ABC-1 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsQuality-First Management in the Translation and Localization IndustryH. Randall Morgan, Jr. (Arlington, Virginia), co-founder, chairman, and CEO, ASET International ServicesCorporation

The speaker will outline the quality-first theory and suggest the practices that are required in order to make thetheory work, even when it seemingly conflicts with the realities of translation and localization and the demandsof the client. He will also address client-driven versus quality-driven strategies, quality control procedures,managing client accounts, and how to stick to the quality-first principle even under “special circumstances.” Thissession will help project managers, as well as translators and translation end-users (clients), to manage theprocess better and to avoid many potential nightmares.

ABC-2 (F, 11:00am-11:45am) - All LevelsLocalization Vendors: What We Hide from the ClientsMichael R. Cárdenas (San Diego, California), president, Multilingual Translations, Inc.; and TheodoraLandgren (Cherry Hill, New Jersey)

Experienced localization experts tell all… How do you build the best vendor/client relationships? Excellentclient-vendor relationships are hard to come by, especially if you do not truly understand each other’s way ofdoing business. What if you could be a fly on the wall and overhear the vendor’s philosophy ontranslation/localization, the way they do business, and what they prefer you never find out. Topics include:proposals (Why does each vendor have their own system, and why can’t all proposals look alike?); tests (Arethey indicative of the quality of jobs the vendor will be doing?); post mortems (Can we be honest?); andmanaging the real world of project management.

ABC-3 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsTranslating for an International Corporation II: The Quality Assurance ProcessIlona Helen Wallberg (Velbert, Germany), head of sales and marketing and deputy director, SiemensLanguage Services

An overview of how to ensure the quality of translation projects within a large, internationally operating

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company, and the universally applicable rules that apply.

ABC-4 (F, 2:30pm-3:15pm) – All LevelsTranslating for an International Corporation III: Translator Skills and CompetenciesIlona Helen Wallberg (Velbert, Germany), head of sales and marketing and deputy director, SiemensLanguage Services

A discussion on the types and degrees of competencies that a translator must have in order to build up asuccessful practice (in-house or freelance).

ABC-5 (F, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsBoot Camp Selling! How to Sell Translation/Localization Services Without Spending Millions ofDollarsRenato Beninatto (New York, New York), globalization and e-commerce localization advisor; andMichael R. Cárdenas (San Diego, California), president, Multilingual Translations, Inc.

Companies look at the markets, extrapolate statistics, prepare spreadsheets and budgets, hire sales teams, anda year later ask themselves what went wrong. This session will discuss sales concepts and strategies for ourindustry.

ABC-6 (F, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsIs the Customer Always Right?Steven P. Iverson (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), administrator, ATA Translation Company Division, andpresident, Iverson Language Associates Inc.; and Jackie Smith (Kansas City, Missouri), sales and marketingmanager, SH3, Inc.

With global competition increasing all the time, translation companies are being pushed by clients to lowerprices and adopt new processes. Customers are becoming more educated about translation technologies, andare receiving increasing input from overseas offices. Customers expect to be more involved in the translationprocess, and demand detailed pricing information. This is putting pressure on translation companies to pleasetheir customers, make a profit, and still maintain the integrity of their business. The presenter will discuss howthe market has changed and how companies are meeting these challenges. This session will be useful fortranslators and translation companies.

ABC-7 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsHandling Audiovisual ProjectsL. Manouche Ragsdale (Newport Beach, California), freelance translator and studio director

This presentation is aimed at agencies, project coordinators, and individuals handling entertainment or industrialprojects requiring voice-over. Tips will be provided on script translation, talent selection, direction, and studiocoordination. Other topics to be discussed include demystifying audio and video formats and maximizing netprofits. The presenter is a 20-year veteran in audiovisual projects, and has handled scores of multilingual jobs invarious media.

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ABC-8 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsMultilingual DTP DemystifiedRobert E. Sette (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), ATA director and instructor, Professional Translation CertificateProgram, University of Pittsburgh

Successfully conquering the challenges of multilingual desktop publishing requires technical creativity,persistence, and, at times, a bit of good old-fashioned luck. This practical, nontechnical presentation will coverthe differences between word processing and DTP programs, the pitfalls of PC/MAC file conversion, andrelated topics. A question and answer discussion will focus on ways to make life easier for your DTP vendors,as well as specific questions raised by the audience.

ABC-9 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - Beginner/IntermediateLanguages Meet Technology: The World of Multilingual MultimediaKirsten Schulze (Arlington, Virginia), senior project manager, ASET International Services Corporation; andSandra Zolotor (Arlington, Virginia), project manager, ASET International Services Corporation This presentation will focus on multilingual audiovisual production from the viewpoint of a project managerdealing directly with the client. The presentation will look closely at voice recording formats, platforms, andscripts, including client script review and feedback, voice talent selection, accents/dialects, recording and editingequipment, timing, on-screen video, and quality assurance. Come learn about split-track masters, timed scripts,foreign formats, and more. This presentation will provide an overview of the production process to ensure areliable, high-quality product and ultimate client satisfaction.

ABC-10 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All LevelsManaging an Effective Translation Team at the Dutch Ministry of Foreign AffairsMarion Alhadeff (The Hague, Netherlands), director, Translation Department, Netherlands Ministry ofForeign Affairs

The Translation Department at the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs translates texts into and out of a variety oflanguages for almost all the Dutch ministries and for a number of other bodies, such as the Council of State andthe Supreme Court. It employs some 38 people comprised of translators and support staff. What are ourworking methods and how do we ensure that 38 talented professionals work as a team to produce work of thehighest standard? What are the advantages and disadvantages of working in-house, and what is our addedvalue?

ABC-11 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsPart 1: Translation Company Division Annual MeetingSteven P. Iverson (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), administrator, ATA Translation Company Division, andpresident, Iverson Language Associates Inc.

Part 2: Translation Company Quality Standards WorkshopSuzanne Robinson (Englewood, Colorado), founder, Liaison Multilingual

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ABC-12 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsChinese Translation Project Management: A Chinese Project Manager’s PerspectiveMei-Ling Chen (Arlington, Virginia), senior project manager, Asian Department, ASET InternationalServices Corporation

Drawing from experiences gained from managing over 100 Chinese-language projects over the past two yearsat a Washington-area translation and localization firm, this presentation will focus on giving translators andcompanies an overview of the complexity and uniqueness of English→Chinese translation projects. Topics tobe discussed include: typical processing of an English→Chinese translation project; troubleshooting difficultiesand challenges, including language-specific linguistic, computer, and graphics issues; and how to provide addedvalue to enhance customer satisfaction. Illustrative examples will be used to demonstrate the high level ofknowledge and teamwork required to complete Chinese-language translation projects.

ABC-13 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - IntermediateThe Measurement of Quality in Translation Using Statistical MethodsRiccardo Schiaffino (Denver, Colorado), manager of Italian and French translation teams, Special SoftwareTranslation Project, J.D. Edwards; and Franco Zearo (Boulder, Colorado), senior technical translator andglobal engagement consultant, Lionbridge Technologies

Last year, we described strategies for the measurement of the quality of technical translations by usingcustomized checklists and simple statistical methods. This year, we would like to present additional research wehave conducted in the field of translation quality assurance, including the use of more advanced statisticalmethods based on control charts.

ABC-14 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsWhy Satisfied Customers Defect (Applications of Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty to the Businessof Translation)Christophe Réthoré (Harrisonburg, Virginia), director, Translation Studies, James Madison University, andATA representative, Joint National Committee for Languages

In 1995, Jones and Sasser published one of the milestones in customer satisfaction/loyalty research. This articleexplored why satisfied customers would leave their service providers. This presentation will provide anoverview of the relevant literature existing on customer satisfaction measurement, customer loyalty, and servicequality. It will then show how these three concepts can be profitable in the business of translation and relatedlanguage services, including localization, terminology management, cross-cultural training, etc. Indeed, getting asmany new customers as possible is very nice, but marketing research consistently shows that retaining existingcustomers can be very beneficial, too.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar J), Freedom is Not Free: The Business Side ofFreelancing; Chinese (C-4) Simplified Versus Traditional Chinese: What Every TranslationAgency Should Know; Chinese (C-5), How to Identify Quality Chinese Translators; andInterpreting (I-8), A Quality Assurance Model: Update on a Process for Identifying, Training,and Testing Telephone Interpreters

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Chinese

C-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsChinese Language Division Annual MeetingFrank Y. Mou (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), freelance translator and administrator, ATA Chinese LanguageDivision

C-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsReview/Proofreading of Translation Products: An Ordeal or Enjoyment? Yuanxi Ma (Chicago, Illinois), director of translation, China Practice Group of Baker & McKenzieInternational Law Firm; and Elizabeth A. Tu (Cincinnati, Ohio), president, E. Tu Associates, Inc.

This presentation attempts to address issues a reviewer may encounter while proofreading Chinese↔Englishtranslations. Such issues may include: the position reviewers should place themselves in; the attitude reviewersmay, or should, take toward the product in front of them; the constraints reviewers will encounter; whatreviewers must revise and what they can ignore; and how realistically reviewers should “finalize” the translationproduct. The discussion will be substantiated with examples taken from translation works being reviewed. Cana reviewer ever enjoy his or her work? If so, how? Participants will have a chance to answer this question.

C-3 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsThe Cognitive Process of Translators at Work: A Protocol StudyRan Zhao (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), student of applied linguistics, Carnegie Mellon University

This presentation discusses a study which investigated the cognitive processes of four translators (graduate students atBeijing Foreign Studies University) when they translated a text from English into Chinese. The students were asked totranslate a two-paragraph text, and their concurrent think-aloud protocols were audiotaped. The analysis of the protocol datarevealed that a translator functions in a variety of roles during a short translation task (as reader, transcoder, negotiator, andcritic). The study offers a new way of conceptualizing the process of translation.

C-4 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsSimplified Versus Traditional Chinese: What Every Translation Agency Should KnowClaire Liu (Oregon House, California), freelance English→Chinese translator; and Jessie Lu (Richmond,Virginia), freelance English→Chinese translator

Although the Simplified and Traditional Chinese characters used in Taiwan and Hong Kong are based on thesame writing system, variations exist which can be traced to cultural differences and the prolonged politicalseparation of the two regions. The most important issue for Chinese translation users dealing with anEnglish→→Chinese translation project is to first determine the target country, and then, when possible, to selecttranslators and editors whose native languages best fit those areas.

C-5 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsHow to Identify Quality Chinese TranslatorsFrank Y. Mou (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania), freelance translator and administrator, ATA Chinese LanguageDivision

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With widespread Internet use, it has never been so easy to find translators online in all languages. The speakerwill share his personal experiences with the audience and propose some procedures and criteria to identifyquality Chinese↔English translators. There will also be a discussion of some of the requirements Chinesetranslators need to satisfy, such as quality, cost, and turnaround time, in order to maintain a long-termrelationship with an agency.

(Related Sessions: Agencies, Bureaus, Companies (ABC-12), Chinese Translation ProjectManagement: A Chinese Project Manager’s Perspective; Interpreting (I-12), Nuts and Bolts onDifferent Types of Interpreting; and Translators and Computers (TAC-6), Website VisibilityStrategies for the Chinese Market)

Dutch

D-1 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsBasic Concepts in Dutch→→English Legal TranslationThomas L. West III (Atlanta, Georgia), ATA president and president, Intermark Language Services

Based on the speaker’s popular Spanish-English legal translation seminars, this brief presentation will explainbasic concepts found in Dutch legal documents. For example, what is meant by “mandatory law” (dwingendrecht)? Aren’t all laws mandatory? Does “formeel recht” mean “formal law” in English? Is there such a thingas “informal law?” Is an “arrondissementsrechtbank” in the Netherlands the same thing as an“arrondissementsrechtbank” in Belgium? We will also discuss valuable resources for answering these andother tricky questions.

D-2 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsEnglish→→Dutch Translation Workshop Anja Lodge (St. Louis, Missouri), English→Dutch translator Presenting Languages: English and Dutch

A workshop on (and discussion of) translating an English text into Dutch.

D-3 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsDutch→→English Translation WorkshopAnja Lodge (St. Louis, Missouri), English→Dutch translator Presenting Languages: Dutch and English

A workshop on (and discussion of) translating a Dutch text into English.

(Related Sessions: Agencies, Bureaus, Companies (ABC-10), Managing an Effective TranslationTeam at the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

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Financial Translation

FIN-1 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - BeginnerAn Introduction to Accounting for Translators (Basic Financial Statement Analysis)Robert F. Taylor (San Diego, California), ATA-accredited (Russian→English; Italian→English) business andfinancial translator

This short course will give translators insight into the components of financial reporting (primarily the balancesheet and income statement), and will briefly cover types of financial statements that differ by type of companyactivity (e.g., leasing, retailing, manufacturing, banking, etc.). Cultural and legal aspects that have an impact onaccounting will be discussed. In addition, the pitfalls of translating financial statements will be covered, including:awareness of false cognates, the determination of English equivalents for entries based on their location infinancial statements, and attempts to find established American financial terminology for foreign accountingconcepts that do not exist in the United States. Finally, the uses of financial information will be summarized.

FIN-2 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsDevelopments in International Accounting StandardsRobin Bonthrone (Mainz-Kastel, Germany), managing partner, Fry & Bonthrone Partnerschaft

An ever-increasing number of countries are requiring companies to report their consolidated financialinformation in accordance with International Accounting Standards (IASs). In Europe, the EU has established atimetable that should see all listed companies in the EU publishing IAS consolidated financial statements by2005, and many companies are now in the process of adapting their financial reporting systems to ensurecompliance with the IASs. In the U.S., the Enron debacle and other concerns about the accuracy of U.S.GAAP reporting have further fueled the heated debate about whether IASs should be permitted, or evenadopted, in the United States. Reflecting the global nature of the IASs, these standards have already beentranslated into many languages, and there is a growing volume of secondary literature available in a wide rangeof languages. The adoption of IASs also means new challenges for translators and interpreters, who will haveto familiarize themselves with a large new body of specialist knowledge. Starting with a brief history of the IASs(in future: International Financial Reporting Standards), this presentation will provide an overview of the currentstatus of IASs and expected future developments, concluding with a brief look at translations and secondaryliterature in languages other than English.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar C), The Equity Market: Fundamental VersusTechnical Analysis; Preconference Seminars (Seminar L), Translating Debt: Spanish to English;Preconference Seminars (Seminar O), Understanding Argentina: What Led the Third LargestEconomy in Latin America to Default?; French (F-5), Swap and Derivative Terminology inFrenchÕEnglish Translation; German (G-5), Euro Proficiency for GermanÕEnglishTranslators; Hebrew (H-2), Hebrew Financial and Banking Workshop; Slavic Languages (SL-2),Getting Down to Business: Translating Russian Financial and Economic Terminology; Spanish(S-8), Translating Spanish Companies’ Financial Statements; and Spanish (S-9), Taxation inLatin America)

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French

F-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsFrench Language Division Annual MeetingMonique-Paule Tubb (Chevy Chase, Maryland), administrator, ATA French Language Division, andowner, Advanced Communication and Translation Inc.

F-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - AdvancedFrench→→English Advanced Legal WorkshopJulie E. Johnson (San Francisco, California), French interpreter and translator, and assistant professor,Graduate School of Translation and Interpretation, Monterey Institute of International Studies Presenting Languages: English and French

In this hands-on, collaborative workshop, the presenter will guide participants through the translation ofparticularly thorny short excerpts from a variety legal texts. Combining individual work and knowledge sharingin small groups, the exercise will result in sample group translations which will be available to all participants forfuture reference. Participants are invited, but not required, to bring a laptop and diskette to facilitate draftingand editing. (Come a little early to boot up.)

F-3 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsTranslating Contracts from English into FrenchFrédéric Houbert

F-4 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsProfile of a Translation ProgramMadeleine C. Velguth (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), professor of French and founding coordinator, GraduateCertificate Program in Translation, University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeePresenting Language: French

There are about a dozen graduate translator training programs in the U.S. focusing on nonliterary translation.Most are interdisciplinary, using existing resources and minimally funded. But all share features that arenecessarily at the core of good translator education. This presentation will sketch the profile of one suchprogram, emphasizing courses offered in the French→English language pair. Handouts will give an overview ofgoals and expectations and illustrate the course work. The presentation will be given in French.

F-5 (F, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - Intermediate/AdvancedSwap and Derivative Terminology in French→English TranslationRoxana Huhulea (North Massapequa, New York), freelance French→English translator

This presentation is based on the speaker’s work as a documentation analyst for the swap and derivative areaof a French bank, as well as on her translation experience in this field. It focuses on the challenges of translatingvarious industry terms from French into English. The documents used are AFB and International Swaps andDerivatives Association master agreements and confirmations. The presentation is designed for translators with

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experience in financial and legal matters who want to gain insight into the specialized field of swaps andderivatives.

F-6 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - IntermediatePharmaceutical Writing for French→→English TranslatorsMichèle A. Hansen (Hinsdale, Illinois), ATA-accredited (French→English) freelance translator and assistantadministrator, ATA French Language Division

An examination of some of the challenges of translating in the pharmaceutical industry, with an emphasis onFrench and English. Topics to be discussed include “medical English,” regulatory issues, the InternationalConference on Harmonization, and training opportunities for medical translators.

F-7 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsSeven Recurring Problems in French to English TranslationChristine Durban (Paris, France), freelance French→English translator and co-chair, ATA Public RelationsCommittee

F-8 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsCan You Translate Into “Québécois”?Véronique G. Ponce (Toronto, Canada), translator, Fidelity InvestmentsPresenting Language: French

“Wanted, person to translate into Quebec French.” Such ads are becoming commonplace in Canadiannewspapers and websites. What does it mean, and is there such a thing as a “traduction en Québécois”?The presentation will begin with a very brief overview of Quebec’s history, followed by a discussion of today’slanguage laws, highlighting this Canadian province’s unique linguistic (and geographic) situation. We will discussthe relevance of European French dictionaries, among other tools of the trade, to the North Americantranslator, especially those tools published in French in Canada. What is expected of a French translator inNorth America? We will talk about the disappearance of a formal linguistics department within a company orgovernment body (which used to cover translation, employee training, language assessment, etc.), and the shiftof translators into the background of a marketing department or in-home office and how this effects Frenchtranslations published in Canada.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar A), Strategies for Sight Translation,Consecutive Interpretation, and Note Taking; Literary (L-5), Riding the Culture Bumps RollerCoaster; Literary (L-14), Aspects of Literary Translation: Dealing with Multicultural Context;Science and Technology (ST-3), Patents in the Early 21st Century; Science and Technology (ST-5),Translating Historical Technology; Terminology (TERM-2), Firearms Terminology in English,French, Spanish, and German; Terminology (TERM-4), The Language of Risk Management; andVaria (V-6), In Favor of a Positive Interaction Between Translators and Proofreaders)

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German

G-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsGerman Language Division Annual MeetingChristiane Bohnert (St. Louis, Missouri), freelance translator and editor, ATA German Language Divisionnewsletter (Interaktiv); Michael Magee (Austin, Texas), assistant administrator, ATA German LanguageDivision; Michael Metzger (San Francisco, California), webmaster, ATA German Language Division;Dorothee Racette (Saranac, New York), administrator, ATA German Language Division, and chair, ATADivisions Committee; and Manfred Winter (Vancouver, Canada), co-editor, ATA German LanguageDivision newsletter (Interaktiv) G-2 (T, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsWhat to Do About Denglish: Should Translators Worry About the Invasion of English Words intoGerman?Dana Loewy (Fullerton, California), freelance translator, interpreter, brand-name consultant, and instructor,California State University, FullertonPresenting Language: English, with German and Denglish examples

While the absorption of foreign lexical material has historically been enriching and beneficial to most languages,the prevalence of “Denglish” in present-day German life has reached crisis proportions, and many linguists arecrying foul. Aside from shutting out large portions of the population who are not functionally literate in English,the increasing and pervasive use of English phrases in everyday German life poses many challenges to atranslator. Free from jingoistic intent, this presentation/workshop seeks to explore the translation problemsarising from the hybridization of a dynamic modern language. Participation and examples furnished byparticipants are greatly encouraged.

G-3 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - IntermediateWorkshop: Translation of Personal Documents into German Elke Limberger-Katsumi (Pacific Grove, California), freelance translator, conference/court interpreter

This workshop is intended as a hands-on exercise for the translation (into German) of personal documents(birth certificates, diplomas, divorce degrees, etc.), and will focus on how to deal with the format and content ofthese texts. Participants will be looking at a selection of specimens for each type of document, and areencouraged to bring their laptops and any examples they may wish to discuss.

G-4 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsAus dem Nähkästchen der Überredungskünstler: Translation as the Art of PersuasionChristiane Nord (Magdeburg, Germany), professor of translation science and professional communication,Spanish Department, Magdeburg StendalPresenting Language: German

To persuade means to convince people by talking them into doing something they did not originally intend todo. This type of influencing is primarily found in product promotion and politics. A small body of German,

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British, and Spanish promotional texts will be used to show indirect speech activities in persuasive texts that areintended to convince certain target groups of the necessity to buy a product or utilize a service. In addition, thequalitative and quantitative differences between these speech activities in the three cultures being examined(Germany, Great Britain, and Spain) will be analyzed. This analysis is associated with a project on “contrastivestyle issues” in Spanish and German (Kommunikativ Handeln auf Spanisch und Deutsch, Wilhelmsfeld:Gottfried Egert Verlag, in print). Contrary to contrastive grammar, which is occupied with the comparison oflanguage systems, contrastive style research, or rhetoric, analyzes differences in communicative activities: Whichlanguage forms are used with what frequency in which communicative situation (i.e., in which function) inthe two cultures? Such contrastive rhetoric not only belongs in the “toolkit,” but is also part of the basicknowledge a professional translator must have.

G-5 (F, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsEuro Proficiency for German→English TranslatorsIngrid Haussteiner (Vienna, Austria), in-house translator and language technology specialist, AustrianCentral BankPresenting Language: German

This presentation will provide an introduction into the fundamentals of the Economic and Monetary Union, theworkings of the European System of Central Banks, the Eurosystem, and the euro, the sole legal tender in the12 euro area countries as of March 2002. The main focus of this session will be placed on linguistic,terminological, and translation issues (German→→English). The audience will gain insight into central bankingterminology and learn why “euro area” is preferable to “euro zone” or “Euroland,” etc. An Austrian native, the presenter will point out differences between German and Austrian German variants, andexplain how Austrian and German Central Bank translators cooperate in the translation of documents of theEuropean Central Bank into German.

G-6 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsComplaints and Contracts in Translation from English into GermanChristiane Bohnert (St. Louis, Missouri), freelance translator and editor, ATA German Language Divisionnewsletter (Interaktiv)Presenting Language: German Since U.S. courts have the right to object to complaints because of vagueness and to interpret contracts, suchdocuments must be extremely detailed. Every legal translator has encountered many words that stand for thesame thing in U.S. complaints and contracts. In German, this may lead to ridiculous wordings, or to thetranslator not being able to find enough equivalents, especially if she or he bows to the often-heard request thatlegal matter be translated “literally.” However, since German law is codified, such caution is inappropriate in thelegal context of the recipient. The presentation will analyze this translation dilemma and provide specificexamples.

G-7 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All LevelsUnderstanding the Recent Substantial Revisions to the German Law of ObligationsMichael P. Van Alstine (Baltimore, Maryland), professor of law, University of Maryland School of Law

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This presentation discusses the recent substantial revisions to the German Civil Code in the area of obligationalrelationships. January 1, 2002, marked the entry into effect of the first major overhaul of the German law ofobligations since 1962. The principal goals of the Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Schuldrechts were tomodernize and simplify the law, as well as to introduce certain protections for consumers. The speaker willexamine the background and meaning of these substantial changes in German law. In particular, his presentationwill focus on the “translation” of the new legal concepts from the German legal system into the legal and culturalframework in the United States. The presentation will also review the difficult terminological issues that mayarise in an analysis of the new German “Statute for the Modernization of the Law of Obligations.”

G-8 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsTranslating German Legalese: Contract Law and Related Aspects of the Law of Obligations Lois Feuerle (Portland, Oregon), certified court interpreter manager, Oregon Judicial Department; and JoeMcClinton (Petaluma, California), German→English translation instructor, Monterey Institute of InternationalStudies

The recent reform of the German Schuldrecht (discussed in detail in another session) offers a timelyopportunity to examine German contracts and the rather extensive differences in assumptions behind Germanand U.S. contractual relationships. The presenters will discuss the general structure and terminology of Germancontracts, with a particular emphasis on practical strategies and common pitfalls in translating contracts intoEnglish.

G-9 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - BeginnerStyle Issues in English→→German TranslationDorothee Racette (Saranac, New York), administrator, ATA German Language Division, and freelanceGerman↔English translator

Many translations, even though they are correct in their use of terminology, do not flow well and sound“translated.” This workshop is intended for relative newcomers to English→German translation, who areproficient in both languages but wonder how to make their product sound smoother and more elegant. Thepresenter will bring samples of actual translations, and discuss the style choices made by the translator.Participants are encouraged to bring texts of their own for questions and group discussion.

G-10 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsTranscription and Translation of Swiss Genealogical and Immigration SourcesTheodor Langenbruch (Richmond, Kentucky), professor of German and Latin, Eastern KentuckyUniversity

This presentation grew out of the transcription of an extensive genealogy of the Zwyssig family from the CantonSchwyz in Switzerland, and the translation of miscellaneous documents of Swiss immigrants in Kentucky’s NewBernstedt. Topics range from spelling variations and abbreviations of first names to terminology and tools ofgenealogical research.

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(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar H), Translating as a Purposeful Activity;Preconference Seminars (Seminar K), Practicum in German Patent Translation; MedicalTranslation and Interpreting (MED-1), EnglishÖGerman Medical Translation; Science andTechnology (ST-3), Patents in the Early 21st Century; Social Sciences (SOC-2), TranslatingDemographic Surveys; and Terminology (TERM-2), Firearms Terminology in English, French,Spanish, and German)

Hebrew

H-1 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - AdvancedHebrew Language WorkshopMerav Rozenblum (San Francisco, California), English and Spanish into Hebrew translator/interpreterPresenting Languages: Hebrew and English

This workshop is aimed at native and near-native speakers of Hebrew, especially those who live and work in anon-Hebrew-speaking environment, who wish to refresh and improve their use of the language. Thispresentation will review a list of Hebrew look-alikes, point to the right collocations, and the exact use ofphrases, discuss the particularities of word order, mention (and correct!) some common mistakes, and try toanswer the eternal question: How can you improve your Hebrew? The workshop will include some exercises,handouts, and a review of some Hebrew dictionaries and books on the language.

H-2 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - Intermediate/AdvancedHebrew Financial and Banking WorkshopZoey Shalita-Keinan (Rockville, Maryland), certified English↔Hebrew conference interpreter andtranslator Presenting Languages: English and Hebrew

This workshop will focus on the written translation of a wide variety of passages from financial texts for majorfinancial institutions. Our emphasis will be on Hebrew→→English written translations. The speaker will be usingsource texts based on her previous experience as an in-house translator at Bank Hapoalim’s Head Office in TelAviv. We will examine and translate texts dealing with legal texts (banking agreements, etc.), economic reports,and stock exchange reports and forecasts, as well as online banking and websites. This presentation will alsofocus on terms relating to financial instruments, foreign currency trading, and international advertising, as theserelate to translations for financial institutions. Terminology, dictionaries, sources, and resources for the financialtranslator working from Hebrew into English (and vice versa) will also be discussed.

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Independent Contractors

IC-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - BeginnerTaking Care of Business: The Non-Language Side of FreelancingJonathan T. Hine, Jr. (Charlottesville, Virginia), translator and instructor of technical translation, JamesMadison University

Freelance translators and interpreters are in business. This presentation introduces new professionals to theelements of budgeting and business management, as well as to the use of a nontechnical procedure forcalculating a minimum price. The method outlined should help anyone develop personal criteria for determiningwhether a proposed assignment would be profitable. The presentation will suggest ways to track work volumeand revenue, which are important for business health and tax reporting. Included will be new material onfinancial planning, customer relations, and more time for questions and answers.

IC-2 (T, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsHow to Successfully Market Yourself to Translation Companies: The New TechnologiesGeorge P. Rimalower (North Hollywood, California), founder, president, and chief executive officer, ISI

Translation companies use hundreds of translators; unless you stand out from the crowd, you will beoverlooked. Solid translation skills are not all that it takes to be a successful translator. This session exploreswhat you can do to enhance your standing with translation companies. Translators attending this session willlearn how they can become the kind of translator agencies prefer. Discussions will address the best ways toapproach a prospective agency and how to “sell” your services where industry needs change as technologyadvances. The speaker is the founder and president of ISI, a nationwide translation agency based in NorthHollywood, California, that has been around since 1982.

IC-3 (T, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsGetting There IS the Fun of It!Janice Becker (Chicago, Illinois), German→→English legal and financial translator

A discussion of the methods individual translators can use to find, and keep, direct clients. This presentation isbased on the speaker’s experience of almost a decade running an independent translation office in the ChicagoLoop. Developing lasting relationships with direct clients provides rewards beyond the ones you deposit in thebank. In fact, most of the ways to find end users for your services make up the same steps that will enhanceyour professional skills, raise the profile of our professional in general, and keep work fun. Participants areencouraged to share their experiences and ideas.

IC-4 (F, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsThe Business Side of Translation and Language Services

Joseph C. Nunes (Roselle Park, New Jersey), owner and chief editor, Cybertec USA, Inc.

This presentation will discuss the process of going from employee, to freelancer, to business owner. Topics tobe addressed: the possibilities, the differences, the difficulties, and the pitfalls; what works best for the

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independent businessperson in the language services sector; working in the global interconnected economy (inyour country or abroad); and the alternative track (enhancing another career or profession by adding yourknowledge of languages).

IC-5 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - Beginner/IntermediateThe Lone Wolf and the Virtual Team: Translating in the 21st CenturyFrank Dietz (Austin, Texas), technical translator (English→German) and software localization specialist; andChristoph M. Niedermair (Sebastopol, California), freelance translator

Translators are commonly seen either as “lone wolves” working in isolation, or as in-house translators workingin teams. However, the virtual ad-hoc team, in which groups of translators collaborate on large projects, hasbecome increasingly common, particularly for major documentation and software localization projects. Thispresentation will discuss the advantages virtual teamwork offers to freelance translators, the problemsassociated with this way of working, the prerequisites in terms of software and hardware, and the new rolestranslators may take on as members of virtual teams. As outsourcing trends continue, many translators may findthemselves working closely with colleagues they will never meet face-to-face.

IC-6 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsProfessionalism 101Betty Howell (Montreal, Canada), president, Betty Howell Translations Inc.; and William Skinner(Washington, DC), independent translator and interpreter

What are the specific things translators ought to be doing to present a consistent and professional image asindependent translators to clients, the community, and each other? Two experienced translators continue theirdialogue with colleagues that was begun at previous conferences (“A Distinctly Absurd Proposal,”“Deformation Professionnelle”) on what we really do, what translating has done for us, and how to make it allperceived more positively.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar J), Freedom is Not Free: The Business Side ofFreelancing; Agencies, Bureaus, and Companies (ABC-4) Translating for an InternationalCorporation III: Translator Skills and Competencies; and ATA (ATA-11), Translation, Publicity,and Public Relations: Why Grassroots Activism Can Make a Difference to Your Bottom Line

Interpreting

I-1 (T, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsThe Time Factor in Interpreter TrainingEduardo González (Kearney, Nebraska), assistant professor and head, Translating-Interpreting Section,Department of Modern Languages, University of Nebraska at Kearney

A great deal has been written about the skills and techniques that are most essential in interpreter training. Thestress of the simultaneous interpreter, the memory requirements of the consecutive interpreter, as well as the

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large vocabulary, cultural knowledge, and linguistic competence required by both, are but a few of the aspectsdealt with during interpreter training. Very little, if anything, is mentioned about the time factor (time units in thesource language that expand in length in the target language) present in legal, medical, conference, interview,and other interpreting settings. In this presentation, an analysis will be made of this important issue. Solutionswill be proposed in order to achieve more solid and realistic interpreter training. Although the bulk of examplesused will be in the English→Spanish combination (as source and target language, respectively), some of thetarget-language examples will include French and Russian.

I-2 (T, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsConsecutive Interpretation: The Mysterious Interplay Between Notation and MemoryHarry Obst (Arlington, Virginia) director, Inlingua School of Interpretation

How much should an interpreter record on paper and how much should be committed to memory? Amongteachers of consecutive interpretation and working interpreters there are widely differing opinions on the properbalance between the two. Empirical observations usually show that interpreters who record too much on paperdo not perform very well. Writing too little is often equally counterproductive. What is the right balance? If nogeneral rule applies, can interpreters at least find the proper individual balance? How can they determine whatthat balance is? This presentation looks at these questions from many different angles and tries to provide someuseful answers.

I-3 (T, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsInterpreting is Like Solving a Cr _ _ _ w _ _ d P _ _ _ le: Parallel Strategies and TechniquesNancy Schweda Nicholson (New Castle, Delaware), professor of linguistics and cognitive science,University of Delaware

This presentation suggests that many of the strategies used by crossword puzzle solvers are also employed byinterpreters. The building process via piece-by-piece assembly will be highlighted along with other relevantapproaches. The speaker, an avid crossword puzzle fan and interpreter trainer, will add some of her personalobservations as she illustrates the processing similarities through the use of numerous examples.

I-4 (T, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - BeginnerThe Use of Compromise and Compensation for Translation Problems Involving Cultural IssuesGeorge Guim (San Jose, California), coordinator and instructor, Translation and Interpretation Certificateprogram, National Hispanic UniversityPresenting Language: English, with a focus on Spanish translation

This presentation will: 1) discuss the different types of cultural transposition (any degree of departure frompurely literal translation) such as exociticism, cultural borrowing, calque, communicative translation, and culturaltranslation; 2) describe the problem they pose for translators; and 3) discuss compromise and compensation astechniques for dealing with translation problems. Specifically, compensation techniques include compensation inkind, in place, by merging, and by splitting. Although this presentation is mainly geared toward Spanishtranslators, individuals working in other languages are welcome to attend.

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I-5 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsInterpreters Division Annual Meeting Helen D. Cole (Silver Spring, Maryland), freelance Chinese interpreter/translator and administrator, ATAInterpreters Division

I-6 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsThe Use of Portable Equipment in Conference Interpreting: When and When NotElke Limberger-Katsumi (Pacific Grove, California), freelance translator, conference/court interpreter

Portable simultaneous interpreting equipment (the bidule) can be a useful tool to generate additional work andavert awkward consecutive interpreting situations, but it has its limits. This presentation will highlight what it canand cannot do, and include a short overview of the different types of equipment available. Participants areencouraged to share their experiences.

I-7 (F, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - IntermediateGuides to Telephone InterpretingSilvia E. Lee (Glenside, Pennsylvania), translator and freelance court certified interpreter Presenting Languages: English and Spanish

Telephone interpreting is a fast-growing industry that is becoming the staple work for a lot of interpreters. The guidelines for telephone interpreting are somewhat different from the ones for live interpreting. This is primarilybecause neither the interpreter nor the individual with limited English proficiency (LEP) can see each other. Aninterpreter frequently has to provide some assistance to the English-speaking individual and the LEP, rather thanjust a straight interpretation. Since this type of interpretation is performed primarily with medical personnel, alittle advocacy by the interpreter on behalf of the LEP is permissible. This presentation will cover the guidelinesto determine how much assistance and advocacy the interpreter can provide while still remaining within theethical codes of conduct.

I-8 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsA Quality Assurance Model: Update on a Process for Identifying, Training, and Testing TelephoneInterpretersFrances A. Butler (Redondo Beach, California), senior research associate and language testing specialist,Center for the Study of Evaluation, University of California at Los Angeles; Thom Hudson (Honolulu,Hawaii), associate professor, Department of Second Language Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa; DavidB. Sawyer (Monterey, California), assistant professor and German Program head, Graduate School ofTranslation and Interpretation, Monterey Institute of International Studies; Charles W. Stansfield (NorthBethesda, Maryland), president, Second Language Testing, Inc.; Irene Nikolayeva Stone (Thousand Oaks,California), director of Continuing Education, NetworkOmni Multilingual Services; and Jean L. Turner(Monterey, California), associate professor, Graduate School of Languages and Educational Linguistics,Monterey Institute of International Studies

The use of call centers for remote language mediation continues to skyrocket in the wake of globalization,travel, and immigration. Entry-level positions in language mediation are the result of this demand. Committed to

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quality assurance and industry partnership, NetworkOmni introduced a process for identifying, training, andtesting interpreters last year in Los Angeles. This presentation provides an update on this model aimed atqualifying competent bilinguals who have widely ranging skills and backgrounds. Special attention will be givento the design of validation studies addressing construct, content, and predictive validity in training and testing.

I-9 (F, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsThe Challenges of Interpreting for Refugee PopulationsJanet Erickson-Johnson (Monterey, California), certification manager, Language Line Services

This presentation will deal with the unique and difficult challenges of interpreting in healthcare and other settingsfor the monolingual speakers of languages that are represented by the refugee populations who have recentlyarrived in our country. The discussion will cover this issue from both a cultural and linguistic standpoint, not onlyfor the limited English proficient (LEP) speakers, but also for the professional medical community, and from theperspective of developing and implementing certification testing for interpreters of such languages in order toensure equal access to care and services for these LEP groups.

I-10 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - IntermediateTelephone Interpreting: Everything You Wanted to KnowRoberto Gracia-Garcia (Amherst, Massachusetts), English→Spanish translator and interpreter, TranslationCenter, University of Massachusetts at Amherst

With new legislation on the provision of interpreters in hospitals and courts being passed around the U.S., anincreasing number of hospital and court administrators are seeing telephone interpreting (TI) as the solution totheir communication problems with low-English proficient citizens and immigrants. While the number of TIcompanies grows, this technology is also becoming the subject of mounting controversy. With the support ofthe National Council on Interpretation in Health Care, this presentation will provide a comprehensive overviewof TI (reviews of relevant legislation, existing literature, the pros and cons of TI, etc.), and explore the future ofthe industry in connection with the new telecommunications technologies (particularly videoconferencing andwebcasting). The presentation will also include the results of a comprehensive survey that will be conducted inhospitals and TI companies nationwide in the next few months. A considerable part of the presentation will bedevoted to open discussion. Participants with experience in the court and medical settings are encouraged toshare their experiences.

I-11 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - All LevelsThe Third Interlocutor: The Visible Language Interpreter in a Healthcare SettingClaudia Angelelli (San Diego, California), assistant professor of applied linguistics, Department of Spanishand Portuguese, San Diego State University

While difficult to sustain or explain, the notion of neutrality and transparency are deeply embedded in theprofessional organizations and schools that educate translators and interpreters. Recent studies of theexamination of interpreters at work (Angelelli, 2001; Roy, 2000; Wadesnsjo, 1998) portray interpreters as co-participants in the interpreted communicative event. Using an ethnographical approach, this presentationexamines the interpreter’s interpersonal role as it becomes visible to both the interlocutors and the observer. At

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California Hope, a public hospital in the South Bay area, 10 Spanish/English interpreters were observed during22 months. In the interactions they facilitated, these interpreters gained visibility through text authorship, whichthey achieved through a variety of communicative strategies. These strategies enabled them to bridgecommunicative needs, to filter essential information from less important data, to seek and explore answers toquestions, and to bridge cultural gaps between healthcare providers and patients.

I-12 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - Beginner/IntermediateNuts and Bolts on Different Types of InterpretingHelen D. Cole (Silver Spring, Maryland), freelance Chinese interpreter/translator and administrator, ATAInterpreters Division; Tanya Gesse (Chicago, Illinois), U.S. Department of State Russian↔English contractconference interpreter; and Michelle A. Scott (Grand Rapids, Michigan), registered nurse and founder andpresident, Voices For Health, Inc.

Whether it be consecutive or simultaneous interpreting; whether it be in a courtroom, lock-up, attorney’s office,conference room, classroom, or in the field; whether it be one-on-one, in front of a microphone, or in abooth… there is art to interpreting.

I-13 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsWhat Can Interpreters Learn from Aristotle and Stanislavsky?Estela R. Herrera (Buenos Aires, Argentina), certified English→Spanish translator and interpreter

Some interpreters are rated by listeners and speakers as “correct” or “excellent,” and others as “great” or“superb.” What is the difference? Can only naturally gifted individuals be “superb” interpreters? What are theskills required for superb interpretation? This presentation will review the qualities that are common tointerpreters who can appropriately apprehend and convey the nonverbal aspects of the speaker’s message. Itwill also reflect upon the training of interpreters in such skills, drawing on Aristotle’s theory and concepts on theart of persuasion (rhetoric) and Stanislavsky’s actor training methodology (psychotechnic).

I-14 (S, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsHow to Teach Service Professionals How Best to Use InterpretersSara Koopman (Santa Fe, New Mexico), Spanish interpreter and translator

Have you ever interpreted for someone who speaks strangely loud and slow because they’re using aninterpreter? How about a super-fast speaker who seems to never pause? We’ve all had someone who insistson speaking in the third person. This presentation will review ways to teach attorneys, doctors, and otherservice professionals how to better use our services. Participants will learn methods they can use on a case bycase basis, in addition to receiving material they can use to give a general presentation to a group, such as a lawschool class or a bar association continuing education seminar.

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I-15 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - Beginner/IntermediateTeach Your Client (How to Work With an Interpreter)Maria McCollum-Rye (Lavergne, Tennessee), owner and project manager, SpenworldPresenting Language: Spanish

This workshop will include valuable information and tips on how to teach interpreters/translators to educatetheir clientele in order to gain more respect and understanding of the art of interpreting and translatingtechniques. It will combine a lecture, group participation, and skill-building practice for everyone interested inlearning more about the following topics: an interpreter’s code of ethics; modes of interpreting; and effectiveintervention and management of a session.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar A), Strategies for Sight Translation,Consecutive Interpretation, and Note Taking; Japanese (J-2) Experiences with theJapanese→English Court Interpreting Test; Legal Translation and Interpreting (LAW-1), TheConcept of Equivalence in Court Interpreting; Medical Translation and Interpreting (MED-2),The NCIHC Forum Series: Listening to Your Voice About a National Code of Ethics; MedicalTranslation and Interpreting (MED-3), Programs, Politics, and Perseverance: What’s New inHealthcare Interpreting in the U.S.; Training and Pedagogy (TP-2), From Consecutive andSimultaneous to Dialogue Interpreting; Training and Pedagogy (TP-3), An Adventure in OnlineLearning: Introduction to Medical Interpreting; and Training and Pedagogy (TP-5), InterpreterTraining and Evaluation: Building a Theoretical Base Using Descriptivist and Corpus-BasedTechniques)

Italian

IT-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsItalian Language Division Annual MeetingMarcello Napolitano (Milpitas, California), freelance ATA-accredited (Italian↔English) translator, andadministrator, ATA Italian Language Division

(Related Sessions: Literary (L-12), Ignazio Silone: Police Spy?; and Varia (V-7), What Has Gotteninto You?)

Japanese

J-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsJapanese Language Division Annual MeetingIzumi Suzuki (Novi, Michigan), administrator, ATA Japanese Language Division, and co-founder, Suzuki,Myers & Associates Ltd.

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J-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsExperiences with the Japanese→→English Court Interpreting TestIzumi Suzuki (Novi, Michigan), administrator, ATA Japanese Language Division, and co-founder, Suzuki,Myers & Associates Ltd.Presenting Languages: English and Japanese

This presentation is based on the speaker’s experience with the Japanese→English court interpretingcertification test and with the California State court test procedure. In February, she passed a written courtinterpreting test in California, the only state that gives English→Japanese court interpreting certification in theUnited States. She will share what she learned in a general court interpreting workshop given in Detroit by theMichigan State Court Administrative Office, how she prepared for the written test, as well her experiences withthe oral test given in California, and what those tests comprised.

J-3 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsUnderstanding the Semiconductor Industry and Technical Terminology in English and Japanese -Part IIIKen Sakai (Salem, Oregon), president, Pacific Dreams, Inc.

Part III will provide an overview of the larger framework of the semiconductor industry by illustrating theposition of each sector of the industry and how they are interconnected. Technical translation businessopportunities will be examined through this overview of the industry. The translation opportunity with thegreatest potential is the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry, particularly manual translations. Inorder to provide accurate and high-quality translation services, technical terminology for user-friendly manualcreation will be discussed. In addition to equipment manuals, translation know-how and tips for typical types ofdocuments in the industry (standard operation procedures, regulation compliance reports, troubleshootingreports, safety and environment instructions, websites, and sales and marketing materials) will be discussed.

J-4 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsMarketingCarl T. Sullivan (Ephraim, Utah)

J-5 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsJapanese↔↔English Accreditation WorkshopJames L. Davis (Madison, Wisconsin), associate professor and director, Technical Japanese Program,Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison; Jackie Miyasaka(Pullman, Washington), freelance Japanese→English translator; Connie Prener (Ossining, New York),ATA-accredited (Japanese→English) freelance translator; Kyoko Saegusa (Boulder, Colorado), freelanceJapanese↔English translator/interpreter and senior instructor of Japanese, University of Colorado-Boulder;and Kendrick Wagner (Shoreline, Washington), freelance Japanese→English technical translatorPresenting Languages: English and Japanese

A brief overview of ATA’s accreditation system, testing procedures, and standards will be presented. This willbe followed by separate Japanese↔English test workshops focusing on common accreditation pitfalls.

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J-6 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsTeaching Translation: A Task Analysis ApproachTanya Sobieski (Pacific Grove, California), Japanese Program Head, Graduate School of Translation andInterpretation, Monterey Institute of International Studies

Many of the day-to-day behaviors we engage in without even thinking about are really quite complex,comprising many smaller, discrete, singular, specific sub-behaviors that we perform in a certain order. Thesesub-behaviors can be broken down into appropriate levels of specificity to maximize learning efficiency. In thispresentation, the task of technical translation is broken down, with the purpose of ensuring that each essentialcomponent is taught in the correct sequence to maximize teaching clarity and efficiency.

J-7 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All Levels More than Meets the Eye: Solving Puzzles of Grammar and Context in Japanese→→EnglishTranslationJames L. Davis (Madison, Wisconsin), associate professor and director, Technical Japanese Program,Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison

The grammatical patterns and sentence structure in a Japanese document differ significantly from those in anEnglish document. Thus, it is not surprising that native speakers of English tend to make certain kinds of errorswhen translating from Japanese into English. The speaker will present examples of incorrect English translationsof Japanese text, and will analyze the errors according to categories related to grammatical patterns, sentencestructure, and writing style. Characteristic patterns that emerge from an analysis of such errors will bedescribed.

J-8 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsOpportunities in Medical Translation for Translators with Non-Science BackgroundsMizuho Iwamoto (Manhattan, Kansas), freelance English↔Japanese biomedical translator/writer; and YukaTamura, (Manhattan, Kansas), independent English↔Japanese translatorPresenting Language: Japanese

Even though the medical translation market is growing rapidly and becoming more diverse, the number oftranslators with a medical specialty is limited. Such a situation opens up an opportunity for translators withbackgrounds in areas other than medical (linguistics, for example) to be involved in this area. This session willprovide an overview of current medical translation (English→Japanese), including various documents, a guideon how to get medical information, and a description of the role of translation memory tools. The presenters willexamine the advantages and disadvantages for translators both with and without medical backgrounds, anddiscuss how both sides work together to produce a large volume of high-quality work in a limited amount oftime.

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J-9 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsJapanese Dictionaries and Terminology in the Electronic/Internet AgeAkiko Sasaki-Summers (Longmont, Colorado), ATA-accredited (English→Japanese) translatorPresenting Language: Japanese

With the expansion of Internet use and the introduction of electronic dictionaries, a translator’s routine, not tomention resources, has changed dramatically. Different options for facilitating terminology searches, as well asterminology management, will be covered in this presentation. This session will include a demonstration andexamples. While not much emphasis will be placed on specific individual dictionaries, a list of dictionaries maybe provided.

J-10 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsJapanese Language Division ForumCarl T. Sullivan (Ephraim, Utah)

What did you like about this year conference? What didn you like? What type of presentation would berelevant to your line of work? What changes would you like to see in conference presentations? What can theJLD do for you that it not doing now? You can make your opinions about the ATA conference and JLDknown in this loosely structured discussion on conference planning, JLD policies and activities, and anythingelse relevant to JLD members. In this moderated forum, every participant opinion will be heard.

Legal Translation And Interpreting

LAW-1 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsThe Concept of Equivalence in Court InterpretingMarina Braun (Portland, Oregon), consultant, interpreter trainer, court certified interpreter, speaker, writer,and Russian language instructor

The aim of this presentation is to review the theory of equivalence as it pertains to court interpreting. A briefanalysis of different approaches to the concept of equivalence (Nida & Taber; Catford; and Komissarov), inconjunction with an analysis of speech communication in the courtroom as a specific type of speech situation,will attempt to show that pragmatic equivalence should be considered the goal of court interpreting.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar F), EnglishÕSpanish Translation of Standardand Nonstandard Contract Clauses; Dutch (D-1), Basic Concepts in DutchÕEnglish LegalTranslation; French (F-2), FrenchÕEnglish Advanced Legal Workshop; German (G-7),Understanding the Recent Substantial Revisions to the German Law of Obligations; German(G-8), Translating German Legalese: Contract Law and Related Aspects of the Law ofObligations; Japanese (J-2) Experiences with the Japanese→English Court Interpreting Test;Slavic Languages (SL-3), U.S. Legal Terms: How to Say It in Russian and Ukrainian; Spanish (S-3), Elementos conceptuales y terminológicos de los textos jurídicos en español; Spanish (S-4),Enseñanza de traducción jurídica; and Spanish (S-5), Cultural Differences in Ethical IssuesRegarding U.S. Models of Contracts, Codes of Conduct, and Similar in Latin America)

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Literary

L-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsLiterary Translation: Getting it Published – A Nuts and Bolts ApproachClifford E. Landers (Naples, Florida), administrator, ATA Literary Division; and Alexis Levitin(Plattsburgh, New York), professor of English, State University of New York-Plattsburgh

This presentation will provide practical suggestions for getting literary translations published in literary magazinesand journals, as well as in book form. Topics will include: organizing your files, selecting magazines andpublishers, writing cover letters, procuring translation and book publication rights, the ethics of multiplesubmissions, dealing with living authors, seeking institutional grants and other support, and any other issues theaudience would like to hear discussed. Free samples of numerous literary magazines will be available.

L-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsLiterary Division Annual MeetingClifford E. Landers (Naples, Florida), administrator, ATA Literary Division

L-3 (F, 10:15am-11:00am) - Intermediate/AdvancedThe Challenges of Translating Antonio Skármeta’s La Boda Del PoetaSusan G. Rascón (Clintonville, Wisconsin), assistant professor of Spanish, Graduate Certificate Program inTranslation, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Presenting Language: English, with examples in Spanish

This presentation will touch on challenging aspects of the translation of Antonio Skármeta’s novel La BodaDel Poeta. Examples will be given and suggestions sought on difficulties such as register changes and mixing,wordplay, ambiguities, and regional and technical vocabulary.

L-4 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsCurrent Issues in Bible TranslationPeter J. Silzer (La Mirada, California), associate professor of linguistics, Biola University

Over the past 2,000 years, 2,000 languages have received a portion of the Bible through translation.Nevertheless, there are still intense debates about translation theory as it applies to this religious text. Thispresentation will give an overview of past translation issues, and then focus on the issues that are currently beingdebated within the Bible translation world. One topic in the English world is that of gender-inclusive language. Arelatively new theory concerning translation and communication, Relevance Theory, has created intense debate.The forum will allow time for discussion on specific case studies.

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L-5 (F, 11:00am-11:45am) - All LevelsRiding the Culture Bumps Roller CoasterMaureen Lucier (West Lafayette, Indiana), literary translator

In her book Culture Bumps: An Empirical Approach to the Translation of Allusions, RitvaLeppihalme uses the term “culture bumps” to denote intercultural miscommunications of less severity than“culture shock,” and identifies allusions as a prime source of culture bumps in translations. This presentationevaluates Leppihalme’s approach to translating allusions within the context of the presenter’s recent translation(from French to English) of Fouad Laroui’s novel De quel amour blessé (Julliard: 1998), a rollicking socialsatire whose humor arises largely from the extravagant use of allusion, clichés, and fixed expressions.

L-6 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsVerse Translations of Old English Poems: Beowulf and Seamus Heaney’s TranslationZoey Shalita-Keinan (Rockville, Maryland), certified English↔Hebrew conference interpreter andtranslator

This presentation will focus on the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf and its translation into English. We will useSeamus Heaney’s recent translation of Beowulf, along with some other translations done by Anglo-Saxonists,to examine their principles of translation and compare them to Heaney’s (a renowned poet in his own right,whose prior knowledge of Old English consisted of only one semester taken in college). We will also focus onthe translation of short passages of the Old English poem. A mini crash course on the grammar, syntax, andvocabulary of the Old English (Anglo-Saxon) language will be given to allow participants to tackle certain lineson their own, and to help them gain an awareness and an appreciation of what is involved in the process oftranslating from Old English. No prior knowledge of Old English is required.

L-7 (F, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsOn Deadly Ground: Translating a Harrowing Modern Narrative Clifford E. Landers (Naples, Florida), administrator, ATA Literary Division

“In every inch of this ground is the last moment of my life.” Thus begins Baía dos Tigres, Pedro RosaMendes’s gripping account of the four months he spent in Angola in 1997 crossing the most dangerous terrainanywhere on the planet. An estimated 10 million landmines, roughly one for each inhabitant, lie hidden in the soilof the war-torn country. Several factors made this a translation challenge. For this translator, it represented amajor departure: the first nonfiction work, the first by a speaker of European Portuguese, and the first toincorporate numerous African words and expressions. In addition, the author’s style is by turns metaphorical,mystic, and poetic, with touches of self-deprecatory humor; yet his concern and compassion are manifest onevery page. It was imperative to preserve in translation the unique tone of this important humanitarian work.This presentation describes that effort.

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L-8 (F, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsRoundtable: Translators and Literature EncyclopediasGertrud Graubart Champe (Surry, Maine), freelance medical translator, and chair, ATA Education andTraining Committee; Debbie Folaron (Glendale, New York), adjunct assistant professor of translationstudies, New York University, and language and technology manager, Eriksen Translations, Inc.; MarilynGaddis Rose (Binghamton, New York), founding director, Translation Research and Instruction Program,and distinguished service professor of comparative literature, State University of New York at Binghamton;Madeleine C. Velguth (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), professor of French and founding coordinator, GraduateCertificate Program in Translation, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee; and Phyllis Zatlin (East Brunswick,New Jersey), professor of Spanish and coordinator of translator training, Rutgers University

Three literary references have engaged ATA members: Oxford (2000); Fitzroy-Dearborn (2001); and MarshallCavendish (2003). Each entry required combining literary history and criticism with translation studies. Suchtasks not only forced the comparison of extant translations with the original texts. Such tasks also revealedlibrary collection strategies and patron reading habits, as well as publishing practices. All attendees involvedwith these and other encyclopedias are invited to participate. Long-term, it is hoped that enough intersubjectivedata will be collected for an analysis of the results. Are translations in libraries read or archived? Do translationsstay in print long? What factors prevail in translation survival?

L-9 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsGlobal Translation in a New World OrderWangui wa Goro (London, England), literary translator, critic, writer, and academic (translation studies)

Revisiting the question of ethics in literary translation.

L-10 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - Intermediate/AdvancedPart 1: Spanish Literary Translation Workshop (Drama): What’s in a (Nick)name?Phyllis Zatlin (East Brunswick, New Jersey), professor of Spanish and coordinator of translator training,Rutgers University

Names are often a special problem in theatrical translation. Care must be taken to ensure that names can beeasily pronounced and that they not carry inadvertent connotations in the target language. Nicknames may beparticularly problematic, on the other hand, precisely because connotations must be retained. As an example,this workshop will consider passages from Los cachorros de negro mirar by Paloma Pedrero (born inSpain, 1957). Beyond the difficulty of the title itself, the translator must find solutions for “Cachorro” and“Surcos,” nicknames that are elaborated upon in the dialogue. Problems may also arise from the extended useof forms of address in a play. For instance, two sisters in El palacio de los cartones by Nicolás Dorr (bornin Cuba, 1945) sarcastically refer to each other in a constant stream of supposed terms of endearment:“monina,” “monada,” “chiquitica,” “muñeca,” “preciosa,” etc. Participants will be invited to solve thesenaming problems.

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Part 2: Spanish Literary Translation Workshop (Poetry): …If It Ain’t Got that Swing Jo Anne Engelbert (St. Augustine, Florida), Professor Emerita, Montclair State University of New Jersey,and chair, ATA Honors and Awards Committee

Rhythm may be the most elemental aspect of poetry. It is linked to our biological nature and has a fundamentalgrounding in language. Poets know this instinctively, but translators intent on conveying “meaning” sometimesgive rhythm too low a priority. This workshop will focus on identifying the relative importance of rhythm invarious poems, and on developing strategies for reproducing rhythmic effects in poetic translation. To obtain thetexts in advance of the workshop, please send e-mail to Jo Anne Engelbert at engsch@thebest.net.

L-11 (S, 10:15am-11:00am) - All LevelsTranslating Dr. Seuss: Two Texts Not Published in SpanishMadeline Millán (New York, New York), adjunct assistant professor, Baruch College (City University ofNew York)Presenting Language: Spanish

Dr. Seuss was first considered for a Nobel Prize in 1975, but never got it. He was called the poet laureate forbaby boomers, but his writing has reached far beyond that generation. His literary techniques baffled critics andsurpassed our expectations for an author of children’s books. This presentation will discuss the many challengesDr. Suess presents to those attempting to translate his works into Spanish. Among them: how to translatenonsense and onomatopoeias; how to translate metonimia or extended poetical meanings; and how to keep thestructure and rhythm.

L-12 (S, 11:00am-11:45am) - IntermediateIgnazio Silone: Police Spy?Harvey Fergusson II (Falls Church, Virginia), literary translator

The speaker will continue his presentation on Ignazio Silone given at last year’s conference, reviewing therecent accusation that Silone cooperated with the Italian fascist police while in the upper ranks of theCommunist party. The speaker will also summarize the treatment of betrayal in Silone’s novels Fontamara,Bread and Wine, and The Seed Beneath the Snow. The speaker will then consider betrayal in Silone’ssubsequent works, notably in The Fox and the Camellias, and will conclude with a review of the caseagainst this prominent Italian author in the most recent writings on the subject.

L-13 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - BeginnerBeacons VIII ReadingAlexis Levitin (Plattsburgh, New York), professor of English, State University of New York-Plattsburgh

Join the contributors for readings from this year's edition of Beacons, the ATA Literary Division's journal ofliterary translation.

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L-14 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsAspects of Literary Translation: Dealing with Multicultural Context Part 1: Cultural Tensions in Multilingual Fiction: Examples from African and Caribbean FrancophoneNovelsCarrol F. Coates (Binghamton, New York), professor of French and comparative literature, BinghamtonUniversity (SUNY)

Haitian novelist Jacques Stephen Alexis often sprinkles his fiction with dialogue in Kreyol and Spanish. Hisbasic French discourse is a kind of crutch for francophone readers, rendering the Kreyol and/or Spanishdialogue and inner monologue comprehensible for non-Haitian readers. The actual words and expressions in thenon-French languages function as more than “local color”: they symbolize the popular milieu where either orboth languages are the primary tools of expression and communication. The same may be said of many Africannovels in French. Ahmadou Kourouma’s 1998 novel, En Attendant Le Vote Des Bêtes Sauvages,contains lexical samples from at least seven African languages. Since the entire novel is framed as a ritualgathering of hunters, the cosmology of the hunters also plays a role in the linguistic evocations of the novel. Thispresentation aims to briefly describe the linguistic complexity of these examples of multilingual fiction, and tounderscore some of the translation problems encountered.

Aspects of Literary Translation: Dealing with Multicultural ContextPart 2: Navigating Literary Translation Choices: The Case of the Polyphonic TextCynthia T. Hahn (Lake Forest, Illinois), associate professor of French and associate dean of the faculty,Foreign Languages Department, Lake Forest College

Faced with a literary text that provides a multiplicity of voices, such as varied use of languages, mixed genresand discourse, and/or embedded cultural contexts, the translator may find it difficult to establish priorities thatwill dictate choices to follow to achieve consistency across the work. This presentation will define and suggestways to approach these stumbling blocks to inspire adequate rendering of both form and content. Frenchexamples will be drawn from the speaker’s translations of North African and Middle Eastern works, as well asothers from the literature of Quebec.

L-15 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsMarilyn Gaddis Rose LectureLanguage: The Master OrganPeter Theroux (Washington, DC)

Language is not just one facet of human activity, communication, but a receptacle for entire cultures, in such away that a single sentence, like a DNA sample, can express the complexity of a greater whole. This can be verytroublesome for translators of certain languages. Exhibit A: Arabic.

(Related Sessions: Spanish (S-2), Reinventing the Senses: A Workshop in Spanish LiteraryTranslation)

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Medical Translation and Interpreting

MED-1 (T, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - IntermediateEnglish↔↔German Medical Translation Maria Rosdolsky (Ambler, Pennsylvania), English↔German medical translator

This presentation will deal with various medical materials and texts that German translators are exposed to on adaily basis. The use of dictionaries, glossaries, and the Internet for truly medical texts, technical texts (such asmanuals for medical devices and essays), as well as the problems translators encounter with these texts andpossible solutions, will be discussed. The rapid changes in terminology and the continuous addition of terms,especially in medical technology, as well as the “invasion” of English terms into German medical and technicalterminology, will also be addressed.

MED-2 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsThe NCIHC Forum Series: Listening to Your Voice About a National Code of EthicsBruce Downing (Minneapolis, Minnesota), associate professor of linguistics and director, Program inTranslation and Interpreting, University of Minnesota; Cynthia E. Roat (Seattle, Washington), medical andsocial service interpreter, and founding member, Society of Medical Interpreters; and Karin Ruschke(Chicago, Illinois), founder, International Language Services, and co-chair, Standards, Training, andCertification Committee, National Council on Interpreting in Health Care

The National Council on Interpretation in Health Care is a multidisciplinary national organization that promotesprofessional medical interpretation. As part of its work this year, NCIHC is working towards establishing ahealthcare interpreter code of ethics that would be accepted at a national level. In this NCIHC forum, a draft ofthe code of ethics will be presented. Participants will be asked for their input on the code, for their ideas, andfor their guidance on how to proceed with this important work. Come have input into the formation of yourprofession!

MED-3 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsPrograms, Politics, and Perseverance: What’s New in Healthcare Interpreting in the U.S.Cynthia E. Roat (Seattle, Washington), medical and social service interpreter, and founding member, Societyof Medical InterpretersHealthcare interpreting is growing rapidly across the United States. Policy wars inWashington, certification pilot programs in three new states, massive funding for new initiatives, ground-breaking research, fledgling interpreter organizationsthe landscape is changing rapidly as healthcareinterpreting emerges from obscurity. This entertaining presentation, based on the popular TV game showJeopardy, will introduce you to the collaborations, the politics, the projects, and the organizations that arebecoming part of the healthcare interpreting scene in the U.S. today. Come learn what’s going on in your state,your region, and maybe even your own backyard!

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MED-4 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsA Crash Course in Inferential Statistics and Experimental Design for TranslatorsLydia Razran Stone (Alexandria, Virginia), literary and technical translator, and editor, ATA SlavicLanguages Division newsletter (SlavFile)

The procedures of experimental design and inferential statistics are used by researchers in the biomedical andsocial sciences to plan their experiments and assess the significance of their results. These procedures involvespecific, abstruse-seeming but well-defined, terminology, which permeates scientific journals in these fields,potentially causing translation problems. The session will provide an overview of the procedures and terms instatistics and research design from the standpoint of translation. Examples discussed will come from Russianscience, where, for intriguing reasons pertaining to Communist ideology, statistics were adopted much later thanin other developed countries. However, the bulk of the discussion may be useful to biomedical translators of alllanguages. If possible, handouts with translations of terms discussed into other European languages will beprovided.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar G), What is an Aorta? How to Become aSpecialist Translator; Preconference Seminars (Seminar P), The Art of Medical Interpretation:An Inclusive Approach to Teaching; French (F-6), Pharmaceutical Writing for FrenchÕEnglishTranslators; Interpreting (I-7), Guides to Telephone Interpreting; Interpreting (I-9), TheChallenges of Interpreting for Refugee Populations; Interpreting (I-10), TelephoneInterpreting: Everything You Wanted to Know; Interpreting (I-11), The Third Interlocutor: The Visible Language Interpreter in a HealthcareSetting; Japanese (J-8), Opportunities in Medical Translation for Translators with Non-ScienceBackgrounds; Science and Technology (ST-4), Organic Chemical Nomenclature: A Workshop;and Training and Pedagogy (TP-3), An Adventure in Online Learning: Introduction to MedicalInterpreting)

Mentoring

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar E), Strategies for Getting the Mentoring You Need: Skill-BuildingWorkshop for New Mentees; Preconference Seminars (Seminar N), Mentoring That Makes a Difference: Skill-BuildingWorkshop for New Mentors; ATA Activities (ATA-8), Session for Chapter and Division Mentoring Program Coordinators:How to Put the ATA Mentoring Program to Work in Your Division or Chapter; and ATA Activities (ATA-9), The ATAMentoring Program: How Are We Doing?)

Nordic

N-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsNordic Division Annual MeetingEdith M. Matteson (Ballwin, Missouri), administrator, ATA Nordic Division

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar G), What is an Aorta? How to Become aSpecialist Translator)

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Portuguese

P-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsPortuguese Language Division Annual MeetingTereza d’Avila Braga (Dallas, Texas), ATA-accredited (English→Portuguese) freelance translator andinterpreter, and administrator, ATA Portuguese Language Division

P-2 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsTranslating Brazil’s Arts and ParksRegina Alfarano (São Paulo, Brazil), instructor, New York University online programs, and editor,Tradução & Comunicação

This presentation will discuss the challenges faced when striving to translate into and from English/BrazilianPortuguese text pertaining to Brazil’s arts and parks.

P-3 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All LevelsThe Syntax of Brazilian LandscapingCatarina Feldmann (Mahwah, New Jersey) instructor, English Department, William Paterson University

The syntactical structures of Portuguese resulted in many of the difficulties encountered during the translation ofa project on the history of Brazilian plazas and squares for the College of Architecture and Urban Studies at theUniversity of São Paulo. Passive voice, impersonal constructions, reversed syntactical order, and otheridiosyncratic structures of Portuguese raised questions repeatedly in the process of translating the book intoEnglish. Observing how to find solutions to some of these problems has led the speaker to draw moregeneralized conclusions and to try to create some patterns to facilitate future encounters with similar situations.

P-4 (S, 10:15am-11:00am) - All LevelsNo Longer Camões’ Portuguese: Syntactic, Lexical, Grammatical, and Stylistic Traps to Trip Up theIntrepid Translator of Brazilian, European, and African PortugueseNaomi James Sutcliffe de Moraes (South Weymouth, Massachusetts), Just Right Communications

Brazilian and Continental Portuguese are very dissimilar, and although the African Portugueses are relativelycloser to Continental Portuguese, they have their own idiosyncrasies. The speaker will discuss syntax,vocabulary, grammar, and style differences that concern translators both to and from Portuguese.

P-5 (S, 11:00am-11:45am) - All LevelsPortuguese in Metamorphosis: The Shak-Ess-Pey-Are-Eih EffectArlene M. Kelly (Milton, Massachusetts), court interpreter, translator, and instructor, Portuguese Section,Legal and Medical Interpreting Certificate Program, Bentley CollegePresenting Language: English, with examples in Portuguese

Language is dynamic and changes occur all the time. Some of these transformations might surprise those whowork with Portuguese as their working language. Discover the meaning of the “Shak-Ess-Pey-Are-Eih Effect”

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and new words adopted by Portuguese speakers migrating to the United States. The adoption and adaptationof words by immigrants will form the heart of this presentation. Awareness of this effect will aid interpreters andtranslators of Portuguese.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar P), The Art of Medical Interpretation: AnInclusive Approach to Teaching; Literary (L-7), On Deadly Ground: Translating a HarrowingModern Narrative; and Varia (V-3), Editing in the (Post) Globalized World: Many Questions...Are There Answers?)

Science and Technology

ST-1 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsMath, Statistics, and Similar Birds for Translators and Interpreters Who Hate ThemPaulo Roberto Lopes (Ribeirao Preto, Brazil), certified translator and conference interpreter

How many times have we struggled with “mean,” “median,” “average,” “standard deviation,” “rates,” “ratios,”and many other obnoxious entities without necessarily understanding the differences between them, if any? Thismay be an opportunity to demystify (or keep hating) them and to also get acquainted with some subtler ones,like “analog” and “digital,” “sensitivity,” “specificity,” “precision,” and “accuracy,” among many others. We willalso broach the subject of (international) units of measurement, what they mean, and how to typographicallyhandle them.

ST-2 (F, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - IntermediateTranslating Technical Manuals - Part IIJoão Roque Dias (Lisbon, Portugal), freelance technical translator

This is the second part of the presentation that was given last year in Los Angeles (“Translating TechnicalManuals: What Are They? What Are They Used For?”). In this sequel, we will go deeper into the skills andresources needed to translate technical manuals. Topics to be discussed include: safety words and messages,pictures captions, table headings, and units of weight and measurement. A brief presentation of the EU’sDirectives will also be presented (namely, the Machinery Directive) in order to help the translator produce abetter final job. Those planning to attend this session are kindly invited to download the slides and handout fromthe Los Angeles presentation at the Downloads page of the speaker’s website (www.jrdias.com).

ST-3 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - All LevelsPatents in the Early 21st CenturyJan McLin Clayberg (Arlington, Virginia)

Patents continue to be a fertile field for translators. Foreign patent applications to be filed in the U.S. requiretranslation into English, either before filing or soon thereafter. International (PCT) applications now greatlyoutnumber applications originally filed in only a single country. Despite changes in the deadlines and formatsinvolved, the language of patent prosecution itself remains archaic, but it is clearly a jargon that is useful for

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translators to learn. This session focuses on translation from German and French into English, but addressesconcepts that apply to patents in any language.

ST-4 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsOrganic Chemical Nomenclature: A WorkshopEdmund S. Berger (Tonawanda, New York), independent translator

This presentation will deal with selected aspects of organic chemical nomenclature. The purpose is to point outpotential areas of difficulty to translators of chemical texts. The U.S. Chemical Abstracts system will becompared to the international IUPAC system of naming organic chemicals. The nomenclature of organiccompounds used as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc., will be discussed briefly. This should be of interest tothose who occasionally or regularly undertake chemical and related translations, as well as to those who havehad no formal education in chemistry. Those who work in the patent field should be particularly interested.

ST-5 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - Beginner/IntermediateTranslating Historical TechnologyPatricia Bobeck (Austin, Texas), ATA-accredited (French→English) translator and hydrogeologist

Henry Darcy wrote Les Fontaines publiques de la ville de Dijon in 1855 to describe how he had builtan aqueduct to bring water to Dijon and a water distribution system to supply street fountains. In an appendixDarcy established an empirical formula to describe water movement through sand. This law is used today inpetroleum engineering to get fluid (oil) out of rock. Darcy’s law is also the basis of the science of hydrogeology.This presentation will focus on the challenges inherent in a large (650-page) translation project involving 170-year-old technology and three source languages: French, Old French, and Latin.

ST-6 (S, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsYes, Virginia, There is a Readable Software ManualKevin Ward (Pasadena, Maryland), freelance translator and interpreter

At some time in his or her professional life, even the most artistically inclined translator will probably be askedto process computer-related material. This vast area of technical activity suffers from a reputation for being dull,repetitive, and opaque. This presentation will show the opportunities for good expression, continuous work,and the challenges that such translation offers, discussing clarity, consistency, and nuance, starting from the pointwhere translation software finishes.

ST-7 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - Intermediate/AdvancedXML Translation: How to Deal With the New Documentation TechnologyMasaki Itagaki (Englewood, Colorado), linguistic engineer, J.D. Edwards

While more businesses focus on knowledge/contents management as well as B2B technologies, they are alsotrying to manage business documentation dynamically with XML (eXtensible Markup Language). XML is adata-oriented information-formatting tool that can efficiently define contents and elements. As businesses lookmore toward the XML solutions, business and technical translators will have more opportunities to face the

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XML translation. This presentation covers XML/XSLT translations, from basics to practical case studies. Thespeaker will also demonstrate XML solutions for software localization with an example of J.D. EdwardsContent Manager.

ST-8 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsComputer Science for Internauts: How E-mail and Other Internet Services Actually WorkNaomi James Sutcliffe de Moraes (South Weymouth, Massachusetts), Just Right Communications

Technical translators need to understand the concepts they are translating, but how many of us really have timeto read a book about TCP/IP protocols? The speaker will discuss e-mail and web server protocols, the TCPand IP protocols they rest upon, how websites can be automated (html, cgi, php, perl), how e-mail is routedfrom the sender to the recipient (and why it can take three months), and other software aspects. An explanationof the hardware and network structure, including hubs, routers, and remote access servers, will follow.Addressing (DNS, IP, and MAC) will also be explained.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar D), La evolución del lenguaje químico: delcarbono a los dinosaurios; Preconference Seminars (Seminar K), Practicum in German PatentTranslation; Japanese (J-3), Understanding the Semiconductor Industry and TechnicalTerminology in English and Japanese - Part III; and Spanish (S-10), Traducción al español entelecomunicaciones)

Slavic Languages

SL-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsSlavic Languages Division Annual MeetingNora S. Favorov (Orlando, Florida), freelance literary and commercial translator, and administrator, ATASlavic Languages Division

In addition to a review of the financial and administrative affairs of the division, this year’s meeting will feature apresentation on its history and a discussion of the state of the market for translation and interpretation betweenEnglish and the Slavic languages.

SL-2 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - BeginnerGetting Down to Business: Translating Russian Financial and Economic TerminologyLoren R. Tretyakov (Orchard Park, New York), freelance Russian→→English translator

This presentation will focus on the translation of financial and economic terminology from Russian to English.Special attention will be given to terms regularly encountered in the Russian press and business/financial texts.Solutions will be offered for terms that might not be found in financial dictionaries. A glossary of Russian termsand suggested English translations will be provided. The presentation will also address differences in Russianbusiness practices that create challenges for translators.

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SL-3 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - IntermediateU.S. Legal Terms: How to Say It in Russian and UkrainianVadim Khazin (Colts Neck, New Jersey), International Center for Environmental Resources andDevelopment, City University of New York, and an ATA-accredited (English→Russian) freelance translator,editor, and interpreter; and Boris Silversteyn (Venice, Florida), freelance Russian and Ukrainian translatorand interpreter, and chair, ATA Dictionary Review Committee

U.S. legal terms often present challenges to Russian and Ukrainian translators and interpreters. A lot ofconcepts and terms in the U.S. legal system have no equivalents in the Russian and Ukrainian languages, astoday’s Russia and Ukraine have inherited their legal systems from the former Soviet Union. The presenters willprovide a list of a number of terms they have encountered in their translation and interpretation practices, alongwith dictionary translations (as well as their suggested translations if different from the dictionary). The ensuingdiscussion might result in an agreement to compile a list of preferred source-language terms.

SL-4 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsAnnual Susana Greiss LectureThirty Years Before the Slavic Mast: The Personal Narrative of a Literary TranslatorMichael H. Heim (Los Angeles, California), University of California

SL-5 (F, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsTransplanting Toads, Constructing CamelsNora S. Favorov (Orlando, Florida), administrator, ATA Slavic Languages Division, and freelancecommercial and literary translator; Alex Lane (Pagosa Springs, CO), Russian→English translator andinterpreter, and assistant administrator, ATA Slavic Languages Division; and Lydia Razran Stone(Alexandria, Virginia), literary and technical translator, and editor, ATA Slavic Languages Division newsletter(SlavFile)Presenting Languages: Russian and English

In this workshop, panelists will present preliminary translations they have made of a Russian poem (to beselected) and, with the audience’s participation, discuss them and merge them into one final rendering selectedby audience consensus.

SL-6 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - IntermediateNavigating the Cyrillic “Swamp”: Understanding EncodingsAlex Lane (Pagosa Springs, Colorado), interpreter and ATA-accredited (Russian→English) translator, andassistant administrator, ATA Slavic Languages Division

There are few things more disheartening than not being able to properly display Cyrillic characters on acomputer screen (having this happen to, or in front of, a client is one of them). The ability to quicklytroubleshoot and authoritatively fix such problems is both a time-saver and reputation-builder. This workshopwill review three major encodings used to display Cyrillic characters on various computers: Windows-1251,KOI8-R, and UTF-8 (a.k.a. Unicode). Problems and issues related to Internet browsing, word processing,and the Windows and Linux operating systems will be illustrated and explained.

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SL-7 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - AdvancedThe Influence of English Syntax on Nominal and Adjectival Word-Formation Models in TechnicalRussian Michael K. Launer (Tallahassee, Florida), vice-president, RussTech Language Services, Inc.

In recent years, technical documents written in Russian have exhibited new kinds of word formational patternsthat violate normal Russian processes. This presentation will examine the kinds of changes that are occurring,describe them in linguistic terms, and suggest possible reasons for these changes.

SL-8 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsSon of False Cognates: More Russian→→English “Relatives” That Go Their Own WaySteve Shabad (Ossining, New York), associate editor, Newsweek, and freelance Russian→Englishtranslator

Cognates can be among the trickiest words and phrases to translate because they tend to lull you into renderingthem with the word of the same root in the target language. But, in fact, there are often better solutions, not onlyin terms of dictionary definitions but also in terms of usage. This session offers an entirely new collection ofentries, focusing mainly on subtle, and perhaps debatable, examples of different usages. Audience participationis encouraged.

(Related Sessions: Legal Translation and Interpreting (LAW-1), The Concept of Equivalence inCourt Interpreting; and Medical Translation and Interpreting (MED-4), A Crash Course inInferential Statistics and Experimental Design for Translators)

Social Sciences

SOC-1 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsExploring the Impact of Translation in Qualitative and Quantitative Methodologies in Public HealthResearchEileen Franco (Atlanta, Georgia), team member, National Team for the Comprehensive Community MentalHealth Services Program for Children with Serious Emotional Disturbances and Their Families; and BrendalyRodríguez (Atlanta, Georgia), Spanish translator

This session will discuss the impact of translation techniques on the collection, and interpretation, of data inlanguages other than English in selected quantitative and qualitative public health research methodologies. Inparticular, we will focus on survey questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus groups. Potential threats tovalidity, reliability, rigor, and trustworthiness of the data will be presented, along with practical solutions takenfrom “real” research projects. Issues such as the legacy of logical positivism, the concept of thetranslator/interpreter as a “human instrument,” and acculturation will be presented. Participants are encouragedto share experiences, opinions, and recommendations.

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SOC-2 (S, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsTranslating Demographic SurveysJanet A. Harkness (Mannheim, Germany)

SOC-3 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsHispanic/Latinos in Census 2000: Numbers to Count in Business and Public HealthBrendaly Rodríguez (Atlanta, Georgia), Spanish translatorPresenting Languages: Spanish and English

This session will better equip Spanish translators and interpreters to demonstrate the need for their servicesusing Census 2000 data. In essence, the findings describe the booming growth of the Hispanic community. Thespeaker will discuss: the statistics of the Hispanic population by region and state; a profile of the nation’sforeign-born (with particular attention to Spanish-speakers); a statistical brief on Hispanic-owned businesses,and the impact of those numbers in public health.

SOC-4 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsEffects of Latin American Immigration on U.S. Spanish Population Guillermo Cubillos (Pompano Beach, Florida), freelance translator Presenting Language: Spanish

This presentation will discuss the effects of Latin American immigration on the Spanish population in the UnitedStates. While having a tremendous influence on Spanish culture in America, the accelerated growth of LatinAmerican immigrants to this country has also created many barriers that must be overcome.

SOC-5 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsTranslation/Interpretation, Language Identity, and Policy in the U.S.Alexander Rainof (Santa Monica, California), associate professor, Romance, German, and RussianLanguages and Literatures Department, California State University, Long Beach

Language is an emotional issue. It has ontological as well as sociological components. In the U.S., which is amultilanguage society, the psychological elements of language identity are very important. This has resulted inconflicting government decisions over the last 30 years. There are two dominant trends in thisrespectenhancing the status of minority languages and ensuring English as the sole public language.Translation and interpretation (along with heritage language speakers), professions of vital importance to theU.S., are at the center of this conflict.

SOC-6 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsProblems of Translation in the Social and Natural Sciences (Spanish→→English) Andy Klatt (Somerville, Massachusetts), translator and professor of Spanish, English as a Second Language,and Translation

The nonfiction translator is confronted with specific challenges when a text presents contrasting registers (oftendue to the inclusion of extended quotations for illustration or effect). These challenges, particularly in regards to

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translation in the social and natural sciences, will be addressed during this presentation. The following will alsobe discussed: troublesome cognates; techniques in the translation of technical terms by nonspecialists;transparency in the translation of traditional units of measurement; and the utility and implications ofnontranslation in the case of culturally important terms, or terms that are more or less meaningful in one of thetwo languages in question. Finally, there will be some illustrations of “referential localization” by means ofintratextual glossing or footnoting when the target audience is inherently less informed on a topic than the originalaudience.

(Related Sessions: Terminology (TERM-3), An Analysis of Contemporary Terms in U.S. EnglishReferring to the Ethnic Groups and Their Spanish Equivalents)

Spanish

S-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsSpanish Language Division Annual MeetingRudy Heller (Brookfield, Massachusetts), administrator, ATA Spanish Language Division, and deputy chair,ATA Divisions Committee

S-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - Intermediate/AdvancedReinventing the Senses: A Workshop in Spanish Literary Translation Cindy Schuster (Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts), instructor and coordinator, Certificate in Spanish TranslationProgram, Department of Hispanic Studies, University of Massachusetts

This will be a hands-on workshop addressing the stylistic nuances in the translation of sensory perceptions andpsychological states in literary texts. It will include a detailed analysis of various options the translator mightconsider when translating literary language that describes a fictional sensory experience. We will examine theways in which this language functions, not only to evoke a particular scene, but also to metaphoricallycommunicate an undercurrent of information about a character that is not explicitly stated (yet is crucial to theunderstanding of the text). After the formal presentation, participants will have the opportunity to grapple withsimilar problems in an exercise (Spanish→English) provided by the presenter.

S-3 (F, 10:15am-11:00am) - AdvancedElementos conceptuales y terminológicos de los textos jurídicos en españolGraciela Hebe Maleh (Buenos Aires, Argentina), public translator and interpreterPresenting Language: Spanish

El objeto de esta presentación-taller es analizar las particualridades del lenguaje jurídico en los sistemascodificados derivados del Derecho Romano sin comprometernos en un análisis comparativo de los sistemasjurídicos (Common Law versus Derecho Romano) se analizará un texto jurídico en español. El estilo jurídicotiene su propia estructura y terminología al punto de convertirse casi en una jerga técnica incomprensible para ellego. Esta presentación procurará facilitar y proveer algunos elementos conceptuales y terminológicos quepermitan la interpretación de un texto jurídico. Esto proporcionará a quienes traducen al español algunas

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herramientas para abordar la tarea de transferir al español un texto de similar naturaleza redactado en idiomainglés.

S-4 (F, 11:00am-11:45am) - IntermediateEnseñanza de traducción jurídicaLiliana Bernardita Mariotto (Buenos Aires, Argentina), sworn English↔Spanish translator Presenting Language: Spanish

Análisis de métodos de enseñanza de traducción como paso previo a la enseñanza de traducción jurídica. El roldocente, la relación que se debe construir entre docente y alumno para lograr transmitir el conocimiento, y lainteracción resultante de la relación creada. A través de ejemplos, análisis de: calco, contextualización(polisemia), textualidad (cohesión, coherencia), factor cultural, relaciones funcionales (ampliación de lainformación, contraste de ideas, ejemplificación, generalización, especificación, rectificación, refuerzo), génerosdiscursivos y funciones del discurso. Breve análisis de herramientas informáticas a través de los procesos dejerarquización, selección, descarte, adopción, adaptación y ensamble de la información que brinda Internet.

S-5 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsCultural Differences in Ethical Issues Regarding U.S. Models of Contracts, Codes of Conduct, andSimilar in Latin AmericaGeorganne Weller (Mexico City, Mexico), federally certified court interpreter and contract interpreter, U.S.Department of StatePresenting Language: Spanish

After close examination and discussion of various ATA and other professional association materials on ethicalissues (Translators’ Code of Professional Conduct and Business Practices, Model Contract for Translators,and the Model Confidentiality Agreement, among others) with advanced students at the UniversidadIberoamericana and long-standing professionals in the field in Mexico, we have discovered many clauses andstatements which might not be culturally appropriate. Such statements could even be considered aggressive inMexico, and most likely in the rest of Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. This session consistsof three parts: 1) presentation of polemic clauses and statements from the aforementioned documents; 2)discussion of why they might present cultural problems for professional relations in Spanish-speaking/culturecountries; and 3) feedback from the audience regarding the ideas the presenter has provided, which wouldbecome the basic framework for a three-hour workshop in Phoenix in 2003 on this subject (in an effort toreach common ground for doing business with clients from a non-English-speaking cultural background, both inthe U.S. and in Latin America).

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S-6 (F, 2:30pm-2:50pm) - All LevelsOn Circus Acts, Language Cops, and LinguistsVerónica Albin (Bellaire, Texas), freelance translator and lecturer, Department of Hispanic and ClassicalStudies, Rice UniversityPresenting Language: English, with some Spanish examples

This presentation is based on an article I wrote for the Translation Journal earlier this year. I will explore whattype of academic background is most suitable for becoming a translator (mine wasn't),what it means to be atranslator (took me 16 years to find out), how translators are seen by others (oh boy!), and what exactly it isthat we do (other than spot violations in the traffic rules of language). This presentation is simply a collection ofsuggestions on how to have fun and learn from ugly jobs.

S-7 (F, 3:05pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsContext, Culture, and CognitionVerónica Albin (Bellaire, Texas), freelance translator and lecturer, Department of Hispanic and ClassicalStudies, Rice University; Pimpi Coggins (Houston, Texas), freelance technical translator; and Robert AllenHawke (Houston, Texas), Spanish teacher, Episcopal High SchoolPresenting Language: Spanish

Every time we see a word certain cognitive schemas are automatically activated, and we subconsciously thinkof other related words and ideas. Thus, every word has a complex system of ideas behind it. For example, thewhole system of kinship is the background against which the meaning of the noun father first getscharacterized. On a deeper level, however, the word father reminds us of certain personal experiences or ofphrases to which we have been exposed repeatedly (Our Father, father knows best, our forefathers, etc.) Inshort, every word a translator faces is subject to a cognitive processing that includes not only fixed concepts,but also intellectual conceptions and sensory and emotive triggers. (Father: donor of the X or Y chromosome;father of our country; mother and father; etc.). Each word is also delimited by the words or ideas, sometimesnot explicitly expressed, that surround it (context). The correct interpretation of a specific word also subsumesa translator’s cultural awareness, both generally and related specifically to the word, whether explicitly (the Idesof March; the Founding Fathers) or implicitly (Bataan; Chronos). In this presentation, conducted in Spanish, wewill attempt to solve difficult translation problems by turning the stones of culture, context, and cognition.

S-8 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - All LevelsTranslating Spanish Companies’ Financial StatementsJohn J. Rynne (Aranjuez, Spain), ATA-accredited (Spanish→English) translator and founder, VersaliaTraduccion

The translation of Spanish financial statements (and annual reports in general) is discussed on a broad levelfollowed by an examination of specific pitfalls. Standard translations are given for the principal line items andconcepts. Sources of information and inspiration are identified.

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S-9 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - IntermediateTaxation in Latin America

Silvana Debonis (Buenos Aires, Argentina), certified public English↔Spanish translator and instructor,Universidad del Museo SocialPresenting Language: Spanish

Tax planning has become a critical area of study for multinational companies intending to invest overseas.Companies tend to spend valuable time weighing the tax benefits and drawbacks of prospective businesslocations. In fact, tax considerations have been decisive in determining whether an investment plan willeventually get the green light. This presentation is intended for English↔Spanish translators working in thebusiness field. Its purpose is to analyze key taxation concepts in the major capital-importing countries of LatinAmerica, and to discuss the translation (into English) of specific terminology in the absence of an equivalent taxin English-speaking countries.

S-10 (S, 10:15am-11:00am) - IntermediateSpanish Translation in Telecommunications Ury Vainsencher (Tel Aviv, Israel), translatorPresenting Language: Spanish

Even with its present difficulties, telecommunications is a key industry and the Spanish-speaking audience is stillone of its most important targets. When the industry comes back, the demand for Spanish translation willpresumably burgeon. This presentation will cover aspects of Spanish translation in the telecommunications fieldwhile addressing the following issues: a) making sure the register suits your audience; b) established terminologysources (Microsoft, ITU) and electronics manufacturers (when should each be used?); c) the Internet as aterminology source (whom do you trust?); d) translation, neologism, or adoption?; and e) cultural and politicalaspects of translation in telecommunications.

S-11 (S, 11:00am-11:45am) - All LevelsAmbiguity and TranslationMaría Barros (Astoria, New York), translator, United Nations

Ambiguity is a frequent problem encountered during the first step of the translation process (e.g., the decodingof the source-language message). The speaker will define the concept of ambiguity, describe the main featuresof ambiguous messages, analyze the most common causes for ambiguity in the English languages, and offerseveral techniques for decoding them. The examples used will be English→Spanish.

S-12 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsTopics in Spanish Lexical Dialectology: La ciudad y los fuerosAndre Moskowitz (El Cerrito, California), hispanist, lexicographer, dialectologist, translator of Spanish- andPortuguese-language business and legal texts, federally certified court interpreter (Spanish/English)

This presentation will provide information on the regional variation of Spanish-language names for items relatingto urban existence, such as sidewalk and shantytown, and to bureaucracy, such as slang terms for

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influences (i.e., pull or clout). The terms that are used in each of the 20 Spanish-speaking countries will bepresented, and the audience will be asked to share its knowledge of regional Spanish terminology.

S-13 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsWritten Communication in Mexico: Do’s and Don’ts Claudia Hernandez (Tempe, Arizona), financial translator; and Gabriela Rodriguez (Tempe, Arizona),Spanish major, University of AlbuquerquePresenting Language: Spanish

Mexico... an exotic land of beaches, mountains, and magnificent sunsets. In recent years, however, it hasbecome an economic haven for investors, as more and more foreigners wish to acquire land, invest in acompany, or simply rent a condo. Too often, horror stories come to mind, and are a great factor in stoppingpeople from investing in what is rated as a risky market. In Mexico, where the Napoleonic system is used, themass of paperwork might seem like a tangled web, but it doesn’t have to be. There is a certain way writtencommunication must be worded, especially when addressed to high officials, lawyers, and trustees, but goodcommunication between the bureaucracy and foreigners is possible, provided the right tools are used.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar A), Strategies for Sight Translation,Consecutive Interpretation, and Note Taking; Preconference Seminars (Seminar C), The EquityMarket: Fundamental Versus Technical Analysis; Preconference Seminars (Seminar D), Laevolución del lenguaje químico: del carbono a los dinosaurios; Preconference Seminars(Seminar F), EnglishÕSpanish Translation of Standard and Nonstandard Contract Clauses;Preconference Seminars (Seminar L), Translating Debt: Spanish to English; PreconferenceSeminars (Seminar M), Cómo evitar anglicismos (Avoiding Anglicisms in Spanish);Preconference Seminars (Seminar O), Understanding Argentina: What Led the Third LargestEconomy in Latin America to Default?; German (G-4), Aus dem Nähkästchen derÜberredungskünstler: Translation as the Art of Persuasion; Interpreting (I-1), The Time Factorin Interpreter Training; Interpreting (I-4), The Use of Compromise and Compensation forTranslation Problems Involving Cultural Issues; Interpreting (I-7), Guides to TelephoneInterpreting; Interpreting (I-11), The Third Interlocutor: The Visible Language Interpreter in aHealthcare Setting; Interpreting (I-15), Teach Your Client (How to Work with an Interpreter);Literary (L-3), The Challenges of Translating Antonio Skármeta’s La Boda del Poeta; Literary(L-10), Spanish Literary Translation Workshop (Drama and Poetry); Literary (L-11),Translating Dr. Seuss: Two Texts Not Published in Spanish; Social Sciences (SOC-3),Hispanic/Latinos in Census 2000: Numbers to Count in Business and Public Health; SocialSciences (SOC-4), Effects of Latin American Immigration on U.S. Spanish Population; SocialSciences (SOC-6), Problems of Translation in the Social and Natural Sciences(SpanishÕEnglish); Terminology (TERM-2), Firearms Terminology in English, French,Spanish, and German; Terminology (TERM-3), An Analysis of Contemporary Terms in U.S.English Referring to the Ethnic Groups and Their Spanish Equivalents; and Training andPedagogy (TP-3), An Adventure in Online Learning: Introduction to Medical Interpreting)

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Terminology

TERM-1 (F, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - AdvancedInternet Terminology at Your Offline FingertipsRyszard Kasprzyk (Wroclaw, Poland), freelance Polish translator

Some of the best and most up-to-date glossaries can now be found on the Internet. However, even havingfound some useful public domain materials, we are often left with an unwieldy set of online HTML pages. Thissession presents advanced word- and file-processing tips and tricks that make it possible to work with onequick-search master dictionary program operating on the downloaded and preprocessed multi-pageterminology lists.

TERM-2 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsFirearms Terminology in English, French, Spanish, and GermanEric A. Bye (Chester, Vermont), freelance translator

Translators may be called upon to use firearms terminology with such sources as periodicals, books, sportsliterature, press releases, manufacturers’ sales literature, courtroom transcripts, and business correspondence.Some source materials (notably newspapers and magazines) often fail to use this terminology correctly, and thatmay complicate the translator’s job. Some specialized terms are available in good dictionaries, but many arenot. A basic familiarity with this specialized vocabulary will help assure higher quality translations.

TERM-3 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All LevelsAn Analysis of Contemporary Terms in U.S. English Referring to Ethnic Groups and Their SpanishEquivalents Richard Finks Whitaker (Chetumal, Mexico), professor and researcher, University of Quintana Roo

The ever-evolving terminology related to ethnicity and race, which is of such keen concern in the intenselymulticultural U.S., represents a perennial challenge for the translator-interpreter who works either from or intoEnglish. The translator must respect the sensibilities that impel Americans to strive to achieve increasing“political correctness” in their quest for suitable words for ethnic-racial reference. Participants will beencouraged to employ semantic equivalents in Spanish that respond to the purport of currently preferred Englishlexical items.

TERM-4 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - AdvancedThe Language of Risk ManagementFrancesca Caviglioni (Courbevoie, France), Specialized Risks Division, MARSH, S.A. InsuranceBrokers; and Warren Harper (Atlanta, Georgia), risk management specialist

This presentation will serve as an introduction to the specialized terminology of risk management, and will givean overview of the risk management process. The following topics will be discussed: analysis of corporateproperty, liability, and personnel risks risk exposures; risk control applied to property, liability, and personnel;elements of risk retention and financing (including transfer to insurance); and terminology relating to the legal

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principles of insurance and the insurance contract. Throughout the presentation, the French equivalents of theterminology being discussed will be given, along with the possible translation difficulties such terminology poses.A short lexicon of the basic terminology in English and French will be available for participants.

(Related Sessions: Preconference Seminars (Seminar D), La evolución del lenguaje químico: delcarbono a los dinosaurios; and Slavic Languages (SL-2), Getting Down to Business: TranslatingRussian Financial and Economic Terminology)

Training and Pedagogy

TP-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - BeginnerTeaching the Non-Translation Side of TranslationRomina L. Marazzato (Monterey, California), ATA-accredited (English→Spanish) translator; and HélèneWimmerlin (Milwaukee, Wisconsin), senior project manager, Iverson Language Associates, Inc., andassociate lecturer, Translation Program, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee

The recent discussion about the ATA accreditation procedures has reignited the debate over what constitutes agood translator and how he should be trained. The speakers will argue that teaching the non-translation side oftranslation (business, technology, and project management) is key in training professional translators, and willpresent cases from their own teaching and professional experience. They will address relevant issues for theclassroom, and discuss how to integrate the needs and expectations of the different players—businesses,academic institutions, and students. The speakers will serve as moderators in an interactive discussion with theaudience.

TP-2 (T, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsFrom Consecutive and Simultaneous to Dialogue InterpretingOlgierda Furmanek (Winston-Salem, North Carolina), assistant professor of Spanish and director,Certificate Program in Translation, Interpreting, and Localization, Wake Forest University

This presentation proposes a fresh syncretic approach to interpreter training. Based on the speaker’sexperiences as an assistant professor and director of the Certificate Program in Translation, Interpreting, andLocalization at Wake Forest University, North Carolina, she will explain why a traditionalconsecutive/simultaneous class model is not sufficient for the southeastern region of the U.S. (and possibly otherregions of the country). She will offer suggestions on how to design an effective short-term interpreting course ina language/literature department as a temporary remedy to an emergency need for the interpreters in many localcommunities.

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TP-3 (T, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsAn Adventure in Online Learning: Introduction to Medical InterpretingHolly Mikkelson (Spreckels, California), program director, Language Services Associates, and adjunctprofessor of translation and interpretation, Monterey Institute of International Studies

This presentation will describe a pilot course in medical interpreting involving blended online and on-sitetechnology. Participants spent nine weeks learning Spanish→English medical terminology, the role of themedical interpreter, and intercultural issues through the course website, which featured an interactive threadeddiscussion forum, practice exercises, and links to a variety of relevant Internet resources. Participants alsocommunicated extensively through e-mail, and were given weekly translation quizzes. The tenth and final weekof the course required the students to come to Monterey for a 30-hour intensive workshop in consecutiveinterpreting and sight translation in the healthcare setting.

TP-4 (F, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsTranslation and Interpreting Research Forum

Claudia Angelelli (San Diego, California), assistant professor of applied linguistics, Department of Spanishand Portuguese, San Diego State University

TP-5 (F, 11:00am-11:45am) - All LevelsInterpreter Training and Evaluation: Building a Theoretical Base Using Descriptivist and Corpus-Based TechniquesPeter P. Lindquist (Tucson, Arizona), Spanish instructor, University of Arizona

Among the obstacles to validity in evaluating interpreter performance are sample size, controlled conditions, andprior assumptions about evaluation criteria. This presentation offers a method in which evaluation criteria areselected through observation of interpreter performances and by comparing source-text (ST) content to target-language conventions. Areas of interpreter difficulty and the preservation of ST units of meaning are examined ina small sample pilot phase prior to use in the larger study. Numerous interpreter renderings gathered undercontrolled conditions form a corpus adaptable to a variety of studies.

TP-6 (S, 8:30am-9:15am) - All LevelsDoes Translator Training Evaluation Meet the Needs of Industry Quality Assessment?Fanny Arango-Keeth (Kent, Ohio), assistant professor of Spanish translation, Department of Modern andClassical Language Studies, Kent State University; and Geoffrey S. Koby (Kent, Ohio), associate professorof German translation, Institute for Applied Linguistics, Kent State University

In Training the Translator, Paul Kußmaul describes two types of evaluation protocols used in translation:product-oriented error analysis and translation quality assessment. The first is inherent in the academic trainingof translators and the second corresponds to the type of evaluation standards used by professionals in thetranslation industry. In this presentation, the speakers will identify the evaluation protocols used in the academictraining of translators, and compare and contrast them with the standards of translation quality assessment andassurance used in professional practice of the discipline. They will present information they have collected andcross-referenced regarding: 1) the evaluation procedures and instruments used by scholars in representativetranslation programs in the U.S., and 2) evaluation standards used in industry.

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TP-7 (S, 9:15am-10:00am) - All LevelsTeaching Tools: Information Management and Translation PedagogyBrian James Baer (Kent, Ohio), Kent State University; and Geoffrey S. Koby (Kent, Ohio), associateprofessor of German translation, Institute for Applied Linguistics, Kent State University

This presentation deals with how the advent of new technologies that allow for the personalizing of reference materials raises the whole question of how tools (specifically reference tools, such as dictionaries) areorganized. Teaching about tools allows for more efficient and accurate use of the information contained therein,for more effective evaluation of the tools available, and for better personalization of tools to the user’s needs.

TP-8 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsTeachers’ ForumGertrud Graubart Champe (Surry, Maine), freelance medical translator, and chair, ATA Education andTraining Committee

A concern for many teachers of translation, at both graduate and undergraduate levels, is to create a syllabusthat is significantly different from the course plan for an advanced language class. This year, teachers are invitedto gather and discuss ideas and techniques for the evaluation of translations as documents usable for the client’swork.

TP-9 (S, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - All LevelsThe Use of Think-Alouds and Sight Translation in the Translation Classroom and the Implications forIndividual PractitionersJudy Wakabayashi (Queensland, Australia), Japanese→English translation instructor, University ofQueensland

Using tapes of actual think-alouds, this presentation explores the application of the think-aloud technique to thetranslation classroom (as distinct from its use in translation research). It investigates how think-alouds and sighttranslation can provide students and teachers with insights into the students’ translation process and problems,revealing aspects not always apparent in the finished written product. The findings have implications not only forthe classroom, but also for translators working professionally.

TP-10 (S, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsRecruiting the Next Generation of Language SpecialistsAdriana Luchian (Kent, Ohio), graduate student (master’s degree in French translation), Kent StateUniversity; and Sue Ellen Wright (Kent, Ohio), associate professor of German, Institute for AppliedLinguistics, Kent State University, and chair, ATA Terminology Committee

Despite the tech sector downturn, the localization industry still displays a hunger for new talent in the area oftranslation and language engineering. University programs in translation studies are expanding gradually, butcannot meet existing demands. One major factor is the dearth of competent applicants who possess thenecessary qualifications to pursue careers in translation, localization, and language engineering. The purpose ofthis presentation is to explore ways to encourage young people to study languages, and to inform them of the

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opportunities that exist in the language industry. This involves a two-step process: reaching students in thesecondary schools before they enter college, and reaching graduating college language majors to inform themthat they have the option to pursue applications-oriented studies as an alternative to traditional curricula inliterature. The goal of this group discussion is to develop an action plan for recruiting the next generation oftranslation scholars.

TP-11 (S, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - BeginnerSemantic Textbook for TranslatorsTatiana A. Fisher-Zhuravlova (St. Paul, Minnesota)

There are many textbooks on translation currently available. They are all informative and... too wordy. Thespeaker will share her experience in compiling a textbook for translators-to-be. The essence of the textbook isthat it is precise (it gives all information in the form of statements). It contains a set of ready-made formulaswhich can serve as instructions for those who study translation. All the “instructions” are numbered andprovided with cross-references, which show the relations between all the given statements. It is the speaker’sopinion that this kind of a textbook will help students commit the basic rules of translation to memory andunderstand the interrelations between them.

TP-12 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsInternships in Translation and LocalizationElena Popova (Kent, Ohio), Institute for Applied Linguistics, Kent State University; Maribel I. Sanchez(Kent, Ohio), M.A. student (English→Spanish translation), Institute for Applied Linguistics, Kent StateUniversity; and Sue Ellen Wright (Kent, Ohio), associate professor of German, Institute for AppliedLinguistics, Kent State University, and chair, ATA Terminology Committee

The rapid development of technology and the huge amount of information accessible in the modern world hasan effect on all industries, and the language industry is no exception. As a result of these changes, the status ofthe translation profession is changing as well. More and more new skills are required from the translator:research skills and computer literacy, as well as familiarity with modern translation CAT tools. For these andother reasons, communication between an educational institution and the language industry is vital. One of theways to create and support this kind of communication is through industry-sponsored internships. Ourpresentation visualizes the partnership between educators, students, and the language industry as a kind oftriangle, and will explore pros and cons of linking the sides of the triangle to form a cooperative unit.Representatives of all the sides of the triangle will discuss new opportunities of networking and what they haveto offer each other to make it more effective. We intend to recruit representatives from industry and educationto join us in a discussion of these issues and to discuss guidelines for internships.

(Related Sessions: French (F-4), Profile of a Translation Program; Interpreting (I-1), The TimeFactor in Interpreter Training; Japanese (J-6), Teaching Translation: A Task AnalysisApproach; Spanish (S-4), Enseñanza de traducción jurídica; Varia (V-1), On Dealing withTranslation and Languages in Contact; and Varia (V-6), In Favor of a Positive InteractionBetween Translators and Proofreaders)

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Translators and Computers

TAC-1 (T, 1:45pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsSoftware Localization WorkshopStephanie Livermore (Gloucester, Massachusetts), freelance software localizer and quality assuranceconsultant; and Sandra Zolotor (Arlington, Virginia), project manager, ASET International ServicesCorporation

In this workshop, we will review the definitions of I18N and L10N, the scope of a localization project, and thetools available. We’ll discuss the L10N workflow from a freelancer’s point of view, as well as the client’sexpectations. We’ll show you how to use TRADOS to translate an application and RCW to localize a softwarepackage. This session will offer information on resources, literature, localization software, and tips fornewcomers to the localization industry to give them a head start in this competitive industry. This session issuitable for project managers as well as for translators and clients.

TAC-2 (T, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsTranslation Support Tools ForumAlan K. Melby (Provo, Utah), ATA director, chair, ATA Translation and Computers Committee, andprofessor, Brigham Young University

This new conference session invites a spectrum of translation support software vendors to present theirproducts to conference attendees in a panel/Q&A format designed to spotlight the relative strengths of each.Alan Melby, who chairs ATA’s Translation and Computers Committee, will moderate. You are invited tosubmit questions in advance to tstf-2002Conference@atanet.org.

TAC-3 (F, 10:15am-11:00am) - All LevelsConcept-Based Translation of an E-Business Software User InterfaceYouliang Ren (Denver, Colorado), senior technical translator, J.D. Edwards & Company

Rolling out e-business software on a global scale requires high volumes of top quality translation materials.Concept-based translation is based upon the principle of a function-equivalent stating that the translator mustfirst interpret and understand the true meaning of the source text prior to translating it into the receptor language.However, due to the space constraints of the user-interfaced fields on the screen, the ambiguities of lexicalitems in the software are particularly troublesome to translators. This presentation describes how to makeavailable, and take into account, all semantic, syntactic, and contextual information when defining the ideabehind the terms by linking to a concept-based product-specific terminology database and using customized,intelligent translation tools.

TAC-4 (F, 1:45pm-2:30pm) - IntermediateTesting Localized Applications: The Linguist Goes from Word to CodeRocío Chavarriaga-Doak (Somerville, Massachusetts), ATA-accredited (English→→Spanish) translatorspecializing in technical translation and software localization

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The speaker will guide those translators who have never performed software testing through the process andstandards of software localization. The presentation’s goal is to offer a general overview of linguistic andfunctional testing of localized applications, as well as to suggest ways to acquire the skills and knowledgenecessary for the job.

TAC-5 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - Beginner/IntermediateLinguistic Quality Assurance Testing of Help FilesMarcello Napolitano (Milpitas, California), freelance ATA-accredited (Italian↔English) translator, andadministrator, ATA Italian Language Division

This session will discuss the localization of RTF and HTML Help files used in Windows-based software. Helpfiles are one of the three main components of a software localization project (together with the user interfaceand the documentation). They are complex documents with specific syntax that can give the translator manychallenges, both during the translation and the final linguistic quality assurance testing. We will focus primarily onthe testing of Help files for linguistic accuracy and functionality after the translation is complete. We will alsoreview the freeware and commercial software tools used to perform Help file linguistic testing.

TAC-6 (S, 10:15am-11:45am) - All LevelsWebsite Visibility Strategies For The Chinese MarketMike Adams (Cody, Wyoming), Arial Global, LLC; and Sheh Lio (Cody, Wyoming), director ofglobalization, Arial Global, LLC Your website has been localized in Chinese, but how can your potential Chinese customers find you in the vastclutter of cyberspace? This presentation will give an overview of the popular search engines in China, HongKong, and Taiwan. Tactics will be revealed on how to get listed with these engines through keyword selection,page optimization, submission, and relevancy enhancement. It will also focus on the “Do’s and Don’ts” whenpromoting your website via the Internet. With this knowledge in mind, your web globalization efforts will betremendously enhanced.

(Related Sessions: Agencies, Bureaus, Companies (ABC-2), Localization Vendors: What We Hidefrom the Clients; Japanese (J-9), Japanese Dictionaries and Terminology in theElectronic/Internet Age; Science and Technology (ST-7), XML Translation: How to Deal with theNew Documentation Technology; Slavic Languages (SL-6), Navigating the Cyrillic “Swamp”:Understanding Encodings; and Terminology (TERM-1), Internet Terminology at Your OfflineFingertips)

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Varia

V-1 (F, 10:15am-11:00am) - All LevelsOn Dealing with Translation and Languages in ContactClarissa Surek-Clark (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), ATA-accredited (English↔Portuguese) translator andinterpreter

With 11 official languages and a polyglot population, South Africa is a fertile land for situations of languages incontact. Over the course of the country’s history, languages borrowed from one another and new dialects ofinternational languages, such as English, emerged. This presentation will deal with the strategies used to translateterms that are part of a common South African reality into other languages.

V-2 (S, 8:30am-10:00am) - AdvancedHave You Thought of Publishing?Gertrud Graubart Champe (Surry, Maine), freelance medical translator, and chair, ATA Education andTraining Committee

Practicing translators and interpreters accumulate a significant amount of knowledge and understanding as theygo about their work. A great deal of what they learn goes far beyond cut and dried skills to be applied to futurework, and could profit their colleagues if it could be published. This discussion will present information aboutvarious venues for publication in addition to the ATA Chronicle, about what an article submitted forpublication should look like, and about the importance of having nonacademicians publish well-reasoned anddetailed work.

V-3 (S, 2:30pm-3:15pm) - All LevelsEditing in the (Post) Globalized World: Many Questions… Are There Answers? Regina Alfarano (São Paulo, Brazil), instructor, New York University online programs, and editor,Tradução & Comunicação Presenting Languages: Brazilian Portuguese and English

Where (exactly) does the translator stand? How is the translator’s responsibility circumscribed? How is it notde-circumscribed? What is the real extent of the translator’s responsibility? How can the translator’s role as themultifaceted bridge in the technical/scientific/cultural/literary scenario match the translation’s ultimately criticalsocial commitment? How has cultural identity been translated? How can translators combine/conciliate/survivethe equations: Translator↔Editor↔Translator; Translator↔Writer↔Translator; Translator↔Translator?

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V-4 (S, 3:30pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsNational Geographic Television and National Geographic Channels International: Translations forWorldwide DistributionAnthony F. Barilla (Hyattsville, Maryland), professor and lecturer, University of Maryland, College Park;Wojtek Stremel (Chicago, Illinois), U.S. State Department certified conference simultaneous interpreter andfreelance reviewer, Polish National Geographic Television Channel; and Juan F. Tituaña (Washington, DC),director of translations, National Geographic Television

NGT and NGCI television programs are translated into more than 35 languages and are seen by nearly 80million households around the world. All NGT/NGCI television programs for distribution are translated by ourinternational licensees, broadcasters, and partners in Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Translated televisionscripts and marketing materials are then sent to NGT’s Washington, DC, headquarters for review by freelancetranslators/reviewers. This presentation will focus on the major responsibilities of the NGT TranslationsDepartment in ensuring that all television programs maintain high quality translations throughout the world. Shorttelevision programs samples in different languages will be shown to participants.

V-5 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsExport Controls: What Every Translator Needs to KnowAlex Lane (Pagosa Springs, Colorado), interpreter and ATA-accredited (Russian→English) translator, andassistant administrator, ATA Slavic Languages Division

In order to protect the national security and to further foreign policy objectives, the U.S. imposes exportcontrols on the transfer of both hardware and information to foreign parties. Inasmuch as the work oftranslators in the U.S. involves, almost of necessity, the direct or eventual transfer of information between theU.S. and foreign parties, it is important for translators to understand how export control law applies to them.This session will present a general introduction to U.S. export controls, covering basics and summarizing majordo’s and don’ts, thus helping translators make sure they don’t run afoul of the law.

V-6 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsIn Favor of a Positive Interaction Between Translators and ProofreadersMichèle F. Landis (Littleton, Colorado), freelance English→French translator To produce a high-quality document that accurately conveys the meaning of the original, even the best translatorin the world needs a copyeditor and/or proofreader. The key to avoiding errors, finding the best terminology,and making the translated document “flow” as if it had been written in the target language, comes from apositive interaction between the translator and the proofreader. This presentation covers the requirements andnecessary steps to make this relationship work.

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V-7 (S, 3:30pm-4:15pm) - All LevelsWhat Has Gotten into You? Camilla Bozzoli Rudolph (Washington, DC), instructor, Georgetown University, and staff translator,National Geographic Society

The main difficulty the presenter has found with teaching Italian as a foreign language in the U.S. is theinterference with other, previously acquired, Romance languages. After 30 years of fighting everydaymisspellings such asque, qui, porque’, etc., the presenter came to the well-known conclusion: if you cannotbeat them, join them. So, the presenter joined in and tried to understand what triggers this involuntary, butextremely strong, mechanism to adopt misspellings. In linguistics, there is a theory that states that the studentcaught between two languages creates for himself a third one, an “interlanguage,” which, as the studentprogresses, gets gradually closer to the language to be acquired. But what about a student caught betweenthree or more languages? This presentation is based on experience and first-hand research on young (and notso young) adults learning Italian who have a previous knowledge of Spanish or French. It will try to find a wayof turning the stumbling blocks of language acquisition into steppingstones. Audience participation is welcome.

V-8 (S, 4:15pm-5:00pm) - All LevelsGods, Kings, Priests, Writing, Encryption, Code Breaking, Decipherment, and TranslationJohn Rock (Hollywood, South Carolina), freelance technical translator

To draw parallels between such disparate subjects as those cited in the header appears to be a conundrum. Buta link does indeed existlanguage, both spoken and written. Today in the media, modern literature, and thetheater, spoken language is given all the credit for forging the new frontiers of language. Yet, throughoutmillennia written language has been the vehicle for historians, culture, and progress. The fascinating process ofunearthing the historical roots of language and examining our struggle to understand or, indeed, to conceal it(only to reveal it again), coupled with the ongoing process of fashioning it as an essential tools of human,cultural, and technological progress, holds important lessons that history can teach the translator.