Teleprotection

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GRIDTechnical Institute

PROTECTIONRELAY

SCHEME

CARRIERFREQUENCY

SHIFT

CARRIER

ON/OFFKEYED

VOICE

FREQUENCY POWER LINECARRIER

COMMUNICATIONCHANNEL

PILOT WIRES

PILOT CHANNEL

DIGITAL

PCMPRIMARY

MULTIPLEX

OPTICALTRANSMITTER

TRANSMITTERRADIO

MULTIPLEXDIVISION

FREQUENCY

RADIO

OPTICAL FIBRE- GENERAL PURPOSE

OPTICAL FIBRE- DEDICATED

OPTICAL

PROTECTIONSIGNALLINGEQUIPMENT

TRANSMISSION MEDIACOMMUNICATION

EQUIPMENT

POWER LINE CARRIER

Teleprotection Media

Pilot Wire Schemes

Pilot Wire Signalling

DC or 50/60Hz directly applied to the pilot Examples

Translay S – differential protection GCM05 – intertripping

Intertripping in 70ms

Send

Example Pilot Wire Scheme (GCM05)

Rec.

Filter Field pilot wires

15kV Isolation

To Trip Receive relayStation Battery +Ve

Separate 15kv

Isolated Dry Cell Battery

Bank

15kV Isolation

Station Battery +Ve

Protn.

Station Battery -Ve

Block Diagram

DC/DC Converter

Pilot Voltage Generation / Detection Circuitry

I/Trip Receive

I/Trip Faulty Alarm

Isolation Trf.

Level Detectors2 x Opto-

Couplers

50-150V

20-50V

0V

Vx

Earth

I\Trip Send

Pilot

Master/SlaveSend Volt Adj.

Filter

Analogue Schemes

Analogue Telephony Tone based intertripping – SS25 FSK based intertripping – HSDI

4kHz bandwidth Intertripping in 25ms

Analogue Power Line Carrier (PLC)

SCADA signalling – (typ. 300 baud)

Blocking K10

Phase Comparison P10 P547

Analog Intertripping

Functioning in voice frequency mode on Power line carrier or in pilot wire

DIP5000

Pilot wire

MICOM T390

Line trap

Line Matching(Phase to ground)

Over Head LineLT LT

Coupling capacitor

Line Trap

LMU5000

Control command SCADA

IP Phone

PABx/ IPBx

Management software for MICOM T390 and DIP

5000

Services:

Analogue IntertrippingTypical Frequency Range

2 commands

Channel bandwidth 300 - 3400 Hz 300 - 2400 Hz 300 - 2000 Hz 300 - 2000 Hz

Guard frequency band (Rx)

3500/3800 Hz 2400/2650 Hz 2000/2300 Hz 3600/3800 Hz

Guard frequency (Tx) 3600 Hz 2600 Hz 2240 Hz 3680 Hz

Command 1 frequency 900 Hz 400 Hz 480 Hz 480 Hz

Command 2 frequency 2100 Hz 1200 Hz 1120 Hz 1120 Hz

4 commands

Channel bandwidth 300 - 3400 Hz

300 - 2400 Hz 300 - 2000 Hz 300 - 2000 Hz

Guard frequency band (Rx) 3500/3800 Hz

2400/2650 Hz 2000/2300 Hz 3600/3800 Hz

Guard frequency (Tx) 3600 Hz 2600 Hz 2240 Hz 3680 Hz

Command 1 frequency 640 Hz 400 Hz 480 Hz 480 Hz

Command 2 frequency 1280 Hz 800 Hz 800 Hz 800 Hz

Command 3 frequency 1920 Hz 1200 Hz 1120 Hz 1120 Hz

Command 4 frequency 2560 Hz 1600 Hz 1440 Hz 1440 Hz

3000Hz Bandwidth from 300Hz to 3400Hz

2000Hz Bandwidth from 300Hz to 2400Hz

2*1600Hz Bandwidth from 300Hz to 2000Hz

Analog IntertrippingTypical End-End Timing

Digital Schemes

The Introduction of Fibre

Earth wire optical fibre

34Mbit/s

64kbits/s

Telephone

Telecontrol

TeleprotectionDigital currentdifferential protection

Multiplexer

With integral intertripping

Digital Physical Link - OPGW

OPGW

Interfacing to PCM Multiplexers

850nm multimode

optical fibreP593

interfaceunit

ISDNX.21

electrical

MultiplexerG.703

or V.35 electrical

P591/2interface

unit

Interfacing Direct Fibre Opticto Multiplexers

850nm multimode

optical fibre

Multiplexer

Direct connection - no interface!

IEEE C37.94

Multiplexed CommunicationArchitecture

Fiber optic

DIP5000

Multiplexer

DXC5000 DXC5000

Radio link

Analog or Digital

Analog or Digital

Management system DIP 5000

Teleprotection:The Triangle

Speed

D ependabilitySecurity

Blo cking

D irectIn tertrip

Perm issive

slow er

faster

h ighh igh

low

Choose the optimum channel response for teleprotection

Digital IntertrippingVariation of Timings with Data Rate

The DIP5000 supports the following standards:

– G703.1 @ 64 kbps

– G703.6 @ 2048 kbps

– V11/X24 @ 32 to 256 kbps

The End