1

Ship Classification and Types

Adi Wirawan Husodo

Jurusan Teknik Permesinan KapalPoliteknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya -

ITS

Jenis-jenis Kapal (1)

• Kapal-kapal niaga (merchant ships)• High speed craft• Yacth• Warship

Jenis-jenis Kapal (2)

• Transport– Cargo, container ship, passenger ships, etc

• Non Transport– Fishing vessels, service craft (tugs, supply

vessels, warships)

Jenis-jenis Kapal (3)

5

Classification of Ship

A. By usage• Merchant Ship• Naval & Coast Guard Vessel• Recreational Vessel• Utility Tugs• Research & Environmental Ship• Ferries B. By Support Type

• Aerostatic Support• Hydrodynamic Support• Hydrostatic Support• Submarine

6

Merchant Ships

These ships are intended to earn a profit in the distribution of goods. General Cargo, Tanker, LPG/LNG Carrier, Bulk Carrier, Container Vessel, etc.1. GENERAL CARGO VESSEL

• A lot of Cargo Hold (ruang muat)

• Hatch (palka); akses ke ruang muat

• Cargo handling equipment : derrick, winches, cranes

• Double Bottom : ballast tank, FW tank, fuel tank, etc

• Engine room & accommodation room backside

• 2000 : 15000 ton displacement

• 12 : 18 knots Velocity of service

7

Merchant Ships

2. TANKER VESSEL

• Liquid carrier (mostly oil) oil tanker

• Cargo tank, equipped with longitudinal & transversal bulkhead

• Piping system (network pipe) for cargo operation

• Pump room• Fore peak & After peak Tank

mostly used for water ballast• 12 : 16 knots Vs• Varies tons of displacement

8

Merchant Ships

2. TANKER VESSEL (cont.)

Tanker General Arrangement

LNG tankarrangement

9

Merchant Ships

3. BULK CARRIER

• Single deck type of vessel• To carry the commodity

things; sugar, grain, ore, dll

• A lot of Cargo hold• Have 2 longitudinal

bulkhead; divide into several cargo space and tank (wing tank)

• Cargo hold: Centre hold and 2 wing tank

• Up to 150.000 ton of displacement capacity

• 12 to 16 knots Vs

10

Merchant Ships

4. CONTAINER SHIP

• Carry out containers (2435 mm x 2435 mm; 3 types of length: 6055 mm, 9125 mm, 12190 mm)

• Wide hatch• Designed double bottom:

ballast and improve the longitudinal strength of ship

• Wing tank: ballast and heeling management (especially in loading unloading process)

• Accommodation and ER in backside

• Up to 30 knots of Vs

11

Merchant Ships

5. PASSENGER SHIP

• Human transportation• Big accommodation room• Leisure facilities• Equipped with stabilizer;

to reduce the rolling motion

• Bow thruster; for maneuvering

• Up to 12000 tones of displacement, and 20 knots of Vs

12

Naval & Coast Guard Vessel• Classified as combatants or auxiliaries. These ships tend to be

extremely expensive because their missions require many performance capabilities such as speed, endurance, weapons payload, ability to operate and survive in hostile environments and reliability under combat conditions.

13

• Recreational VesselPersonal pleasure craft and cruise liners are a specialized class of ships that are run to earn a profit by providing recreation services to the general public. Comfort and safety are of utmost importance.

• Utility TugsDesigned for long operation and easy maintenance with a no frills approach.

• Research & Environmental ShipHighly specialized equipment must be kept and often deployed into and out of the water.

• FerriesPeople and Vehicles must be able to be loaded and unloaded with efficiency and safety in accordance with a strict time schedule in all weather conditions.

By usage (cont.)

14

By Support Type

15

Aerostatic Support • ACV (Air Cushion Vehicles)• SES (Captured Air Bubble)

Hydrodynamic Support• Hydrofoil• HYSWAS (Hydrodynamic Small Water plane Area Ship)• Planning Hull

Hydrostatic Support• Conventional Ship• Catamaran• SWATH (Small Water plane Area Twin Hull)• Deep Displacement

Submarine• Submarine • AUV/ROV

By Support Type