2 river nile
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RIVER NILE
October 13, 2009 1Dr. Adel Banawan
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• Location: 24N 33E (northeast Africa);
• Length 6700 km (4100 miles);
• Drainage basin: 3.3 million sq km (1.3 million sq
miles).
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October 13, 2009 3Dr. Adel Banawan
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Fig. 16
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• The Nile and its tributaries flow through nine
countries.
• The White Nile flows through Uganda, Sudan, and
Egypt.
• The Blue Nile starts in Ethiopia.
• Zaire, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi all
have tributaries, which flow into the Nile or into Lake
Victoria.
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• The Nile is the world's longest river. More than 3,200
km (2,000 miles) of the Nile are navigable.
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Technical & Navigational data on the
River Nile
• The flow rate of the river in Egypt ranges from a
minimum of 60,000,000 m3 /day to 120,000,000
m3/day. In summer, at the high dam lake, the flow is
240,000,000m3 /day.
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• As a matter of fact, the annual discharge of the Nile at
Sudan is 84,000 x 106m3 /year.
• The Egyptian share of this amount, according to
various treaties and agreements, is 55,500 x 106m3
/year (1959 agreement).
• Sudan share is 18,500x106m3/year.
• Loss due to evaporation is 10,000x106m3/year.
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• Generally the maximum allowable draft is 1.5m
except at the Nubaria canal it is 1.6m. As a matter of
fact, within the area of Beniswef at certain times of
the year, the allowable draft could be as low as 1.2m.
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• There are many barrages to control the water level for
irrigation purposes.
• At every barrage there is a lock to allow the
navigation with such difference in water level before
and after the barrage.
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• The locks in Nubaria are 110 x 16m, allowing a
convoy of 102 x 15m. The locks in upper Egypt are
80 x 16m allowing a convoy of
72 x 15m. , and some new locks are 160 x17m. (e.g.
Esna).
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• There are many fixed bridges all along the Nile, and
the allowable air draft for ships is 10.5 – 11m from
south of Cairo down to Aswan.
• However, within the Cairo area, Kasr EL Nile bridge
restricts the air draft to 3.75m.
• Also, at the entrance of the Nubaria Canal from the
port of Alexandria, the maximum air draft is about
5.5 m.
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The Operation of a Nile Lock
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