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ELEPHANT GAMESMost animals play games when theyre young. They play to learn things like how to find food orhow to fight. However, elephants are different. They play games just because its fun. In thewild, elephants run around, throw things in the air and put water on each other. Elephants loveplaying games at all ages, not only when theyre young. When elephants play, they makeexcited noises and move around in circles. This shows they are happy.

Elephants are intelligent, sensitive and active animals. In many zoos, elephants are very boredbecause they havent got anything to do or to play with. To solve this problem, some zoos havegot swimming pools and toys for the elephants. The toys are sometimes old car parts, largeballs or round boxes with food inside. The elephants like hitting the balls or throwing theminto the swimming pool. Then they pull them out and start the game again. Its always fun towatch elephants play.

Answer the questions according to the text.

1. Why do most young animals play games?

2. What do elephants do when theyre happy?

3. What problem have elephants got in some zoos?

4. How do zoos solve this problem?

5. How do elephants play in the zoo?

Complete the sentences according to the text. Use the correct form of to beor have got.

1. Elephants .......................... many things to do in the wild.

2. Most animals play when they .......................... young.

3. Elephants .......................... happy when they cant play.

4. Elephants in zoos are bored because they .......................... anything to do.

5. A large ball .......................... a good toy for elephants.

6. Good zoos .......................... swimming pools for elephants.

7. It .......................... fun to watch elephants play.

Describe a game you like to play.

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HOW DO YOU CELEBRATE BIRTHDAYS?

Rosas father is pullingher ear but she isnt angry.Why? Rosa lives in Braziland its her birthday. InBrazil, birthday children geta pull on the ear for eachyear.

Emma is taking somethingsmall and hard out of herbirthday cake. Its 1. Onbirthdays in England, itscommon to put small objects inthe cakes. Each object is asymbol of something good andit tells the future. Emma foundmoney in her cake. Maybe shewill be rich one day!The boy in the picture is

putting butter on Franksnose for good luck. This is abirthday tradition insome parts of Canada. Howdoes this bring luck? Whenthe greasy butter is on you,the good luck stays and thebad luck falls off.

Gustav lives in Germany. He is30 years old and he isntmarried yet. On a mans 30thbirthday, his friends put rubbishon the stairs of the City Hall andhe cleans it. Women come andwatch to see how well the mancleans. Gustav feelsembarrassed, but this traditioncan help him find a girlfriend.

Write questions with the words below. Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.

Then answer the questions according to the texts.1. Rosas father / pull / what / in the picture

2. Rosa / angry

3. boy / rub / butter / on Franks nose / why

4. there / a small / in the cake / object

5. Emma / where / celebrate / her birthday

6. who / 30 / years old

7. women / clean / the rubbish

8. Gustav / smile / in the picture

Find three pairs of antonyms. There are extra adjectives.

calm guilty unusual terriblenervous fantastic common jealous

1. .......................... ..........................

2. .......................... ..........................

3. .......................... ..........................

Write a paragraph about things your family and friends usually do on your birthday.Use connectors of sequence.

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TEENAGE FASHIONSJodis bedroom was a mess. There were jeans, blouses, dresses and shoes everywhere. Jodilooked in the mirror and thought, At last I look OK, and left her bedroom.

You cant go out dressed like that! her mum said, as Jodi walked to the door. Wheres theother part of your dress?

Oh, Mum, please! said Jodi.

Jodi, go to your bedroom and put on some warm clothes, said her mum. Its cold outside.You must wear a sweater and a coat.

Jodi is a typical teenager. Like most teenagers, she fights with her parents. And like most

teenagers, Jodi has got a dream. She wants to be a fashion designer and to have her ownclothing label. She hopes to study fashion design at a famous school in London and then join ateam of designers at a trendy shop.

Last month, Jodi saw an advert in the newspaper. It was for a competition to design a uniquestyle of clothes, combining todays fashions with the fashions from your parents time. Jodientered the competition and the judges loved her designs. She won first prize and got acomputer.


1. What does Jodis mum think about the clothes shes wearing?

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2. What does Jodi do that shows shes a typical teenager?

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3. What is Jodis dream?

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4. How did Jodi know about the competition?

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5. What type of clothes designs can you enter in the competition?

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6. What were the results of the competition?

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Answer the questions about yourself.

1. What do you wear when you go to a party?

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2. Do you like fashion accessories? If yes, which ones do you wear?

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3. What do your parents think about your clothes?

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4. Why do you think fashion changes frequently?

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Describe the models clothes and accessories in detail.

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The Tasmanian TigerWhat had brown and black stripes, but wasnt a tiger? The answer is: the Tasmanian tiger.People sometimes called the Tasmanian tiger the Tasmanian wolf because its head was like awolfs. But the Tasmanian tiger wasnt a tiger or a wolf it was a marsupial, and it carried itsbabies in a pouch like a kangaroo.

The Tasmanian tiger got its name because it lived in Tasmania, a beautiful island off the coastof Australia. It had short, brown fur, a big head and a long, thick, stiff tail. It was about 60centimetres tall, 180 centimetres long and it weighed about 30 kilograms. The Tasmanian tigerdidnt go out in the day only at night because it was frightened of people.

When Europeans first came to Tasmania in 1803, many were farmers and they raised sheep.The Tasmanian tigers liked eating meat. Because they were killing and eating many sheep,

the farmers started hunting the Tasmanian tigers to protect their sheep. Then, in 1910, anillness killed many Tasmanian tigers. Soon, there were very few Tasmanian tigers. In 1936,the last Tasmanian tiger died in a zoo, and today, Tasmanian tigers are extinct.


1. Why did people think that the Tasmanian tiger was a tiger?

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2. Why did people think that the Tasmanian tiger was a wolf?

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3. When didnt the Tasmanian tiger go out and why?

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4. What work did the European farmers do in Tasmania when they first arrived?

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5. What were the Tasmanian tigers doing to the sheep and why?

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6. Give two reasons why the Tasmanian tigers died.

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Complete the description of the Tasmanian tiger in the chart. Use the text to help you.

Name of animal: Tasmanian Tiger

Type of animal: marsupial

Height:

Length:

Weight:

Colour and length of fur:

Special information about the animal:

Read the description of this unusual pet. Then, write a paragraph about it.

Name of animal:cricket

Type of animal:insect

Colour:brown Length:1-2 centimetres

Special information:makes sound with its

wings; active at night, likes warm

temperature

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GREEN BUILDINGSNo, green buildings haven't got green paint on their walls. Theyre green because they helpprotect the environment. People don't cut down trees or destroy the habitat of wild animals tobuild them. Also, the buildings use less energy and water than ordinary buildings and they don'tpollute the air. These buildings are usually near public transport, so many people living in themride on buses and trains. They dont drive their cars and pollute the air.

The Solaire is a green building in the United States. It uses 30% less energy and 50% less waterthan an ordinary building. Solar panels on the outside walls use the energy of the sun to makeelectricity. Also, the lights in the flats turn off automatically when people leave the room. Thereare many windows for extra sunlight, too. The building takes water from the sinks and showersand puts it in the toilets. It even uses rainwater to water the garden!

Will we see more green homes in the future? Probably not. These homes are very expensive, somany people won't build them. However, we can all help to make our homes greener. We canrecycle rubbish. We can turn off the tap when we aren't using the water and turn off lights whenwe aren't in the room.

Match A to B to make sentences.

A B

1. Green buildings dont ...... a. turn off when you leave the room.

2. The lights in the flats ...... b. give extra sunlight.

3. The solar panels ...... c. make electricity?4. The windows ...... d. pollute the air.

Complete the sentences according to the text.

1. Ordinary buildings use more.................................... and ...................................

than green buildings.

2. Green buildings are usually close to .................................................................. ....

............................................................................................................................. .

3. The Solaire building uses water from.....................................................................

........................................................................................................ for the toilets.

4. Many people won't build green homes because they .......................................... .

Complete the sentences about yourself. Use the verbs in brackets and willor be going to.

1. I ..................................... (live) in a green home one day.

2. I ..................................... (use) public transport tomorrow.

3. My class ..................................... (visit) a recycling factory next month.

4. Dont worry, I ..................................... (turn off) the light.

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Complete the questions with the verbs in brackets. Use will. Then answer the questions

about yourself.

1. .......................... your family .......................... (buy) a new car next year?

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2. .......................... your friends .......................... (sleep) in a youth hostel next summer?

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3. .......................... you ............................. (recycle) more rubbish in the future?

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Imagine you and your family in five years time. Make predictions about each member of

your family.

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THE MYSTERY BOXThe year was 1948. Pam Dobson was three years old and her father came home with a bigbox. He put it in the living room and connected it to the electricity. Whats that? Pam asked.

Its called a television, Mr Dobson said. You can see moving pictures on it.

Pam put her face next to the screen and tried to look for the pictures. But of course, you cantsee anything on a television unless you turn it on. So Mr Dobson turned something at the frontof the box and it started to make a noise. A big mouse appeared on the screen. Pam put herhand out to catch it and her father laughed. You wont catch the mouse if you touch thescreen, he said. It isnt inside the box.

That was the first time Pam saw a television. All the programmes were in black and white. Shewatched black and white cartoons, films, game shows and music programmes. The Dobsonshad that television for 21 years before they got a new one. They saw some of the greatestmoments in history, including the Apollo 11 spaceship landing on the moon! By that time, mostof their neighbours had colour televisions, but Pam didnt care. Today, she still misses that oldblack and white TV!


1. How did Mr Dobson describe the television?

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2. What did Pam do first with the TV?

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3. What happened when Mr Dobson turned on the TV?

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4. How old was Pam when the Dobsons got a new television?

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5. What important event did the Dobsons watch on the TV?

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Complete the sentences.

1. There was noise from the TV when ...................................................................... .

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2. The first thing Pam saw on the television

was....................................................................................................................... .

3. Mr Dobson laughed because .................................................................................

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4. Pam watched films .................................................................................................

............................. and ......................................................................................... .

5. Most of Pams neighbours had ..............................................................................

...................................................................................................... before she did.

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Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in brackets. Use the FirstConditional.

1. If you .......................... (not turn on) the television, you .......................... (not see) a picture.

2. You .......................... (not see) astronauts landing on the moon unless you ..........................

(watch) them on television.

3. Unless .......................... (go) to an antique shop, you .......................... (not find) a black and

white TV today.

4. If you .......................... (buy) a new TV, the programmes .......................... (be) in colour.

Write about a TV programme you saw recently.

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THE HOUSE OF MYSTERYIn 1890, a mining company built an office building near the top of a hill in Oregon, USA. Butduring heavy rain, the office moved down the hill! It now stands on the side of the hill. Its oneof the most unusual buildings in the world because very strange things happen there. Peoplecall it the House of Mystery.

Some people say theres magnetic energy in the area. They call this energy the OregonVortex. The vortex makes tennis balls go up the hill instead of down the hill, and mostamazing of all, it makes things go into the air on their own. When you walk in front of thehouse, you seem to grow larger or smaller than your normal size. If you take a photograph ofsomeone standing on the left, and then another photograph of the same person standing onthe right, he wont be the same size in the two photographs!

John Lister, a scientist, was clever enough to explain the Oregon Vortex. He studied the areafor more than 40 years. But Listers research remains a mystery because he destroyed all hisnotes before he died. Why didnt he want people to see them? According to Lister, The worldisnt ready for what goes on here!?

Match the beginnings of the sentences in A with their endings in B.

A B

1. The House of Mystery belonged to ...... a. more than 40 years.

2. Things in the house ...... b. go in the air on their own.

3. People standing in front of the house ...... c. learn the truth about the vortex.4. Lister studied the vortex for ...... d. a mining company.

5. Lister didnt think the world was ready to ...... e. get bigger or smaller.


1. What did people use the House of Mystery for in the past?

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2. Why is the building on the side of a hill?

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3. What is the Oregon Vortex?..................................................................................................................................

4. What happens to tennis balls on the hill?

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5. Why dont we know what Lister discovered?

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Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjectives in brackets. Use the

comparative or superlative forms, too, enoughor as... as.

1. The House of Mystery is one of ................... (unusual) buildings in the world.

2. The office building wasnt ..................................... (strong) to stay near the top of the hill.

3. In front of the building, people sometimes become .............................. (small) they really are.

4. Some things dont look .............................. (big) they really are.

5. Listers ideas were .............................. (strange) for people to understand.

Compare a room in your house to a room in a friends or relatives house.Use comparative and superlative adjectives.

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TV OR PRISON?Edward Bello is from New York. He is more than 50 years old. Bello has stolen many things inthe past, but he has never been to prison. However, a few years ago, when he stole somecredit cards, the police caught him. When Bello appeared before a judge, the judge found Belloguilty, but the judge didnt think the crime was serious enough to send him to prison. You muststay in your house for ten months, the judge said. Bello was happy when he heard thisbecause he likes watching television. However, Bello wasnt happy when he heard what thejudge said next. You mustnt watch any television, the judge continued. This will give you timeto think about the bad things you have done.

Television is very important in Bellos life. He says he isnt interested in sport or soap operas buthe watches the news and documentaries. He wrote a letter to the judge to try to change hisdecision, but it didnt help. If you watch television, you will go to prison, the judge said. Inprison, you can watch as much television as you want. Bello didnt want to go to prison, so assoon as he heard this, his family took all the televisions out of the house. Hopefully, Bello hashad time to think and he wont steal again.

Complete the sentences according to the text.

1 The judge didnt send Bello to prison because ......................................................

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2. The judge wanted Bello to have time to ................................................................

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3. Bello wrote a letter to the judge because ..............................................................

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4. If Bello watches television, he................................................................................

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5. If Bello goes to prison, he.......................................................................................

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Complete the sentences according to the text. Use the verbs below and thePresent Perfect Simple.

steal take watch be decide

1. Bello .......................... to prison before.

2. Bello is in trouble because he .......................... credit cards.

3. Bello .......................... to do what the judge said.

4. Bello and his family already .......................... the televisions out of their house.

5. Bello .......................... TV for ten months.

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Write questions with the words below. Then answer the questions.

1. the police / catch / Bello / yet

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2. Bello / ever / watch / documentaries / before

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3. Bello / ever / write / a letter / to the judge

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...............................................................................................................................4. Bello / watch / television / since / the judge made his decision

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Write about a crime that has been in the news recently.

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AN ENGLISH COUNTRY FAIRIf you visit England in the summer, go to an English country fair. Some people wear old-fashioned clothes or masks at the fairs and people bring things to sell. You can buy oldclothes, games, books and other interesting things.

There are many unusual games you can watch or play. You can wrestle in wet mud or throwballs at a pyramid of bottles. If all the bottles fall, youll win a prize. The most popular game isthe Egg and Spoon Race. To compete, you race with an egg and a spoon in your hand. Theegg is on the spoon and you mustnt let it fall. Theres also a Three-Legged Race. You need apartner for this game. You tie your leg to your partners leg and race together to the finish line.A popular game in the north of England is Hoy the Welly. This is a local expression meaningThrow the Boot. The rules are simple. You throw a boot as far as you can. If the gamesmake you hungry, you will find a lot of good food to eat. You can also try a cup of traditionalEnglish tea.

You can find information about country fairs on the Internet. Even if you dont win any of thegames, youll have a great time.

Complete the sentences. Use words from the list below.There are more words than you need.

racing north of England the Internet old clothes wrestling partner bottles

1. You can buy ............................................ at a country fair.

2. At the fairs, people enjoy .................................... in mud.

3. People throw balls at ............................. .

4. You do the Three-Legged Race with a .................................... .

5. People play Hoy the Welly in the .................................... .


1. What do some people wear at the fairs?

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2. What is the most popular game?

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3. How do you play Hoy the Welly?

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4. What traditional drink can you try?

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5. Where can you find information about English country fairs?

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Complete the sentences according to the text with There is, Thereare, Thereisntor

Therearent.

1. .................................... many fairs in the summer.

2. .................................... any snow at that time of year.

3. .................................... video games at the fair.

4. .................................... a game called Hoy the Welly.

Circle the correct answer.

1. A lot of /Much /Any people go to the fairs.

2. There are many /an /a little games.

3. Try many /much /some English tea.

4. Can you buy much /a little /a few books?

5. You use a/an /the egg for one of the games.

Write a paragraph about a game you play with a partner or in groups.Use pronouns to avoid repetition.

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THE MOZART EFFECTAccording to scientists, classical music can make us more intelligent. Scientists experimentsshow that Mozarts music produces the most positive results of all classical music. They call thisthe Mozart Effect.

In one study, college students listened to Mozart for ten minutes. Afterwards, they couldanswer more questions in tests than other students. They did especially well on mathsquestions. Students listening to other types of music didnt do as well in the tests. Scientistsalso experimented with rats and found the rats did better on learning and memory tests afterlistening to Mozart.

Scientists believe that Mozarts music has got the same rhythm as the brain. The area for musicin the brain is close to the maths area and there is a connection between the two areas. The

music can actually make positive changes in our brain activity and it helps us remember more.Schools in Orange County, USA, play Mozart during maths lessons. Since the schools begandoing this, students have had amazing success in their maths tests.

In a hospital in Slovakia, newborn babies wear headphones and sleep more calmly when theylisten to Mozart. Music has the greatest influence between birth and the age of four because thebrain is still developing. Because children learn and remember more than adults, this is the besttime to play Mozart. Maybe the next time you buy a CD, it should be Mozart!


1. What effect did Mozarts music have on the students test results?

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2. Which tests did the rats take?

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3. According to scientists, how is Mozarts music similar to our brain?

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4. How does music help the newborn babies in Slovakia?

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5. At what age does music have the greatest effect?

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Complete the sentences about yourself. Use can, could, couldnt, should, mustnt,havetoor donthaveto.

1. We .................................... listen to loud music in the lesson.

2. I ................................... play Mozarts music on the piano.

3. I .................................... play the piano when I was six years old.

4. My friends and I .................................... listen to more classical music.

5. We .................................... study classical music at school.

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