2. ancient rome
TRANSCRIPT
2. Ancient Rome2nd ESO
Maira Gil Camarón
The origin of RomeFOUNDING OF ROME
FACTS – Archaeological remains and ancient texts LEGENDS – Romulus and Remus / Aeneas
THE BIRTH OF THE CITY: HISTORICAL EVIDENCEArchaeology sais that Rome was founded in the mid 8-century
BC by Latin tribes and settled in 7 hills near the river Tiber
THE BIRTH OF THE CITY: LEGENDS AENEAS – The Romans wanted to
create a myth to explain the origins of Rome. In the 1st century BC, Virgil wrote an epic poem called the Aeneid telling that Rome was founded because of the wishes of the gods and heroes of Greek mythology. So, the city’s origin were linked to Aeneas, the hero of Troy and the son of Venus (a hero), who left Troy and settle in Latium
ROMULUS AND REMUS – Rome was founded by the twin brothers Romulus and Remus (sons of Mars and a descendant of Aeneas, Rhea Silvia). There were abandoned after their birth and they were nursed by a she-wolf and raised by a shepherd. In 753 BC they decided to found a city on the Palatine Hill, where the she-wolf had saved them. After some arguments, Romulus killed Remus and became the first king of Rome
Chronology
The Monarchy
The end of the Monarchy
The Republic
THE FIGHT FOR CITIZENSHIP The patricians controlled the government: a minority
of aristocratic families (genes). They made laws, exercised justice and monopolised public positions. At the beginning only the patricians had political rights
The plebeians (more numerous): peasants, artisans and traders who had settled in the city. They had no political rights, paid taxes and had to join the army They fought for the same rights as patricians
THE REPUBLICAN GOVERNMENT There were three fundamental institutions in the Republic
The PUPULAR ASSEMBLIES (COMITIA) were made up of citizens who voted for laws and elected the magistrates
The SENATE was the centre of political life. People had to consult the Senate on all matters. It controlled the money
The MAGISTRATES were in charge of the government. They acted in the name of the Senate and the people of Rome
THE POWER OF THE ARMYThe Roman powerful and effective army was composed by all citizens between the ages 17 and 60. When a soldier joined the army, he was assigned to a legion, which was made up of 5500 men. During military campaigns, legionaries stayed in camps that were often the origin of later cities.
The Empire
Roman religion and Christianity