1. What do you think this ad for butter is trying to communicate to consumers?

2. Did the advertiser explain all of this to you, or did you have to infer the message?

3. Why is it more effective, in this case, to use an image, rather than words?

Figurative Language Definition

Language that the author uses to:

Figurative Language Uses

Manipulate your emotions Deepen your

understanding of an idea Communicate many things

at once

Metaphor Definition

Comparing two unlike things, where one is like a symbol of the other

Metaphor Uses

It helps you to understand something more deeply

Metaphor Example

She’s a dollHe’s a dreamMy baby brother is a pigMy room is a pig styThat thief who stole my wallet is a stinky rat!

Personification Definition

When the author gives an animal, an object, or an idea, human qualities

Personification Uses

It helps you to understand something more deeply

Personification Examples

Personification Examples

I could hear the cake calling my name

My computer threw a fit last night!

The clouds wept and their tears drenched the hills

The thunder grumbled like an old man

Hyperbole Definition

An intentional or deliberate exaggeration

Hyperbole Uses

It usually sparks an emotional response in the reader.

Hyperbole Example

This is the best thing that’s ever happened to me!

He’s got tons of money I’m so hungry I could eat a horse I’ve told you a million times to do your

homework

Imagery Definition

Words and phrases that appeal to the reader’s 5 senses

Imagery Uses

Helps the reader to imagine how things look, feel, smell, taste, or sound

Imagery ExamplesHis scream was a hurricane of fury

Everyone froze in awe when she walked into the cafeteria

Her eyes were so full of tears that they gushed into a flood on her cheeks

The pain of their words filled his bones to the core

Imagery Example

She breezed through the room like a gentle wind

The eerie silence was shattered by her scream

The drink was hot and sweet, like candy and summer

At the end of the day, I let the soft bed swallow me up

The hot drink that filled my nose with the scent of Christmas

Simile Definition

Comparing two things using the words “like” or “as”

Simile Uses

Helps the reader to understand something they are not familiar with, by comparing it to something they are familiar with

Simile Example

Her smile was like the summer

His words felt as sharp and hot as flaming knives

The story swallowed me up like a starving lion

The humiliation seeped like water into my bones

Alliteration Definition

The repetition of sounds at the beginning of words

Alliteration Uses

Helps change the rhythm or mood of a poem or story

It engages the reader in the text

Alliteration Examples

Daisy, do a dollup!The wind whispered across the wide and weary earth

It sank like salt into broken bones

The tears sank to my skin as my heart filled with sadness

They froze in fear as his words fell quietly to the floor

Onomatopoeia Definition

The use of words whose sounds echo their meanings

Onomatopoeia Uses

Helps give life to the writing

Onomatopoeia Examples

Buzz

Croak

Zip

Beep

Stanza Definition

A group of 2 or more lines that form a unit in a poem

Stanza UsesSeparates ideas in a poem, just like a paragraph or chapter would in a story

They can have the same # of lines or a different # of lines

Stanza ExampleOh, give us pleasure in the flowers to-day;

And give us not to think so far away As the uncertain harvest; keep us here All simply in the springing of the year.

Oh, give us pleasure in the orchard white,Like nothing else by day, like ghosts by night; And make us happy in the happy bees, The swarm dilating round the perfect trees.

And make us happy in the darting bird That suddenly above the bees is heard,The meteor that thrusts in with needle bill,

And off a blossom in mid air stands still.

For this is love and nothing else is love, The which it is reserved for God above To sanctify to what far ends He will,But which it only needs that we fulfill.

4stanzas

Symbol Definition

A person, place, object, or activity that stands for something beyond itself

Symbol Uses

Helps the author to communicate many ideas and/or feelings at once

Gives ideas a deeper meaning

Symbol Example

Chain can symbolize coming together

Black can be used to represent deathThe black swallowed her up as her eyes softly shut

A rock can represent a personThe rock stood sturdy against the assault of the waves