1st - mehran university of engineering and...

1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development

& Utilization 12-13th February, 2019 SMRDU’19 ___________________________________________________________________

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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | ii

Editorial Board:

Prof. Dr. Khadija Qureshi

Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz

Prof. Dr. Suhail A. Soomro

Dr. Manzoor ul Haq Rajput

Dr. Imran Nazir Unar



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | iii

PREFACE

Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET) is an ISO certified institute that has

been active in various disciplines of engineering, constituting different departments, institutes, and

directorates offering undergraduate and postgraduate program since 1963. It is emerging as one of

the leading universities of the country, as being recognized by the Higher Education Commission

and Pakistan Engineering Council. The University has academic alliance with leading universities

and industrial collaboration with various organization around the globe.

Mehran UET has been always striving for the high quality research by encouraging the faculty,

utilizing indigenous resources of the country and learning from fellow researchers all over the

world. For achieving the goal, Mehran UET faculty is frequently attending the conference all over

the world to enhance research capacity.

Mehran UET has been always active in arranging National and International Seminars, workshops,

and Conferences for the growth of national and international researchers and now hosting 1st

International Conference on “Sustainable Mineral Resource Development & Utilization

(SMRDU’19)” from February 12-13, 2019.

SMRDU’2019 aims to help related professionals to meet their future challenges by exchange of

ideas under the umbrella of the event. This Conference meet the needs of researchers, policy

makers and corporate sector alike and we work closely with professional bodies and leading

industry figures to promote the event widely engaging the right kind of audience for the event.

SMRDU’2019 has been triumphant in attracting National and International speakers and

participants from public and private organizations.

Editorial Board



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | iv

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The organizing committee of “Sustainable Mineral Resource Development & Utilization

(SMRDU’19)” acknowledges the collaboration and support of Higher Education Commission of

Pakistan (HEC), British Council, Pakistan council of scientific and industrial research (PCSIR),

United Energy Petroleum (UEP) Power Cement Limited and Pakistan Petroleum Limited (PPL),

Sindh Engro Coal Mine Company.

The active participation of National and International keynote Speakers, Authors and Participants

is highly appreciable.

The technical committee of members who utilized their efforts and work hard in reviewing the

Abstract/ Full papers manuscript.

Also acknowledged the efforts of Engr.Junaid Ghaffar Korai, Engr. Aziz Ahmed, Engr, Meer Khan

and Engr, Abdul Samee Memon, who were involved in composing, editing and printing of Abstract

book.

We also acknowledged the contribution of all conveners of conference committees and members

for their extreme support towards success of conference.

High gratitude for the rigorous efforts of the conference organization committees.

.



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | v

CONNFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Uqaili Chief Patron, Vice Chancellor

Prof. Dr. Tauha Hussain Ali Patron, Pro Vice Chancellor

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Moazam Baloch Convener, Dean Faculty of Engineering

Mr. Muhammad Aleem Ahmed Convener PCSIR Labs KLC

Dr. Shahzad Alam PCSIR LABS

Prof. Dr. Suhail A. Soomro Conference Chair

Dr. Stuart M. Holmes Conference Co-Chair

Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz Secretary

Dr. Manzoor ul Haq Co-Secretary

Engr. Razia Begum Coordinator PCSIR LABS KLC (Principal Engineer)

1. FUNDING COMMITTEE

S.No. Name Designation

1 Prof. Dr Suhail Ahmed Soomro

(Convener) Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Prof. Dr. Rasool Bux Mahar Professor and Co-director, USPCAS-W

3 Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

4 Prof. Dr. Tanveer Phulphoto Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department

5 Dr. Nayyar Hussain Mirjat Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department

6 Engr. Razia Begum Principal Engineer PCSIR-KLC

7 Prof. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Chairperson, Chemical Engineering Department, KU

2. TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

S.No Name Designation

INTERNATIONAL

1 Dr. Stuart M. Holmes Manchester University, UK

2 Dr. Mark Schrimshaw Brunel University UK

3 Dr. Susan Benal Lopez University of Leeds, UK

4 Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz Sabic, Saudi Arabi

5 Dr. A.J. Chaudhary Brunel University UK

6 Dr. John Andereson School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot

WattUniversity UK

7 Dr. Fayaz Memon Exeter University, UK



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | vi

8 Dr. Mukhtar ul Hasan UK

9 Dr. Saboor UK

NATIONAL

1 Prof. Dr. Khadija Qureshi

(Convener) Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Prof. Dr. A. G. Pathan Professor, Mining Engineering Department

3 Prof. Dr. Saeed Gul Dept. of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar

4 Dr. Aqeel Bazmi COMSAT Lahore

5 Prof. Dr. Najma Memon Professor, CEAC, Sindh University Jamshoro

6 Prof. Dr. A. Waheed Bhutto Dawood UET, Karachi

7 Prof. Dr. Amna Baloch Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro

8 Prof. Dr. Mudassar Habib Department of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar

9 Prof. Dr. M. Hayyat Jokhio Dawood UET, Karachi

10 Prof. Dr. M. Younas Department of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar

11 Dr. Farah Talpur Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro

12 Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin Memon CEAC, University of Sindh

13 Prof. Dr. Sarfaraz H. Soalngi Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro

14 Prof. Dr. Tahir Shah FATA University, Kohat

15 Dr. Ali Dad Chandio Department of Metallurgical & Material

Engineering,NED, UET

16 Dr. A. Majeed Shar Department of Petroleum Engineering, NED UET,

Karachi

17 Prof. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Department of Chemical Engineering, Karachi University

18

Prof. Dr. M. Ishaque Abro

Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering

MUET, Jmashoro

19 Dr. Liaqat Ali National Center of Excellence in Geology, Peshawar

University

20 Dr. Yasir Khan Department of Chemical Engineering, University of

Karachi

21 Prof. Dr. Nergis Yasmin Department of Earth Sciences, Bahria University, Karachi

22 Dr. Shahnaz Parveen Director P & D PCSIR-KLC

23 Dr. Nussarat Jalbani Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC

24 Dr. Tahir Rafique Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | vii

3. PROTOCOL COMMITTEE


1 Prof. Dr. Farman Ali Shah

(Convener) Professor Chemical Engineering Department

2 Prof. Dr. Khanji Harijan Professor and Director, Post Graduate Studies, MUET,

Jamshoro

3 Prof. Dr. Zubair Memon Professor, Electrical Engineering Department

4 Dr. Sheeraz Memon Director, Institute of Environment Engg: and Management

5 Prof. Dr. A. R. Memon Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

6 Prof. Dr. Aziza Aftab Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

7 Prof. Dr. Zeenat M. Ali Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

8 Engr. Ashfaque H. Pirzada Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

9 Engr. Annand Principal Engr. PCSIR-KLC

10 Aijaz Panwhar Senior Engr. PCSIR-KLC

11 Dr. Sohail Shaukat Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC

12 Mr. Naiz Ahmed Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC

13 Engr. Dildar Memon Principal Engr. PCSIR-KLC

4. FOOD & ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE


1 Prof. Dr. Aziza Aftab

(Convener)

Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Prof. Dr. Feroz Shah Professor and Co-Director, Post Graduate Studies,

MUET Jamshoro

3 Dr Imran Nazir Unar Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

4 Engr. Abdul Qadeer Laghari Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department

5 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department

6 Engr. Meer Khan Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department

7 Mr. Mansoor Hai Incharge MIS Section PCSIR-KLC

8 Mr. Noman MIS Section PCSIR-KLC

9 Mr. Mujahid MIS Section PCSIR-KLC



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | viii

5. BOARDING & LODGING/MULTI MEDIA TEAM


1 Dr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti

(Convener) Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Dr. Muhammad Yasir Khan Assistant Professor, University of Karachi

3 Engr. Miaraj M. Khanzada Lecturer, Chemical Engineering Department



6 Engr. Meer Khan Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department

7 Mr. Mansoor Hai Incharge MIS Section PCSIR-KLC

8 Mr. Noman MIS Section PCSIR-KLC

9 Mr. Mujahid MIS Section PCSIR-KLC

10 Mr. Kazim ESC-PCSIR-KLC

6. CONFERENCE HALL & STAGE COMMITTEE

S. No. Name Designation

1 Mr. Pervez Shakel

(Convener)

Mining Engineering Department, MUET Jamshoro

2 Dr. Fahad Irfan Siddiqui Asst. Professor, Mining Engineering Department

3 Engr. Zulfiqar Ali Solangi Lecturer, Chemical Engineering Department

4 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Lab Engineer

5 Dr. Akhtar Shareef Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC

6 Dr. Sofia Alvi Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC

7 Dr. Beena Naqvi Senior Scientific Officer

8 Dr. Shazia Senior Scientific Officer

9 Ms. Tahmina Sohail Senior Scientific Officer

10 Engr. Inayat Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC

7. PRINTING & PUBLICATION & WEB DEVELOPMENT


1 Dr. Imran Nazir Unar

(Convener) Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Engr. Aziz Soomro Chemical Engineering Department

3 Engr. Abdul Samee Memon Chemical Engineering Department



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | ix

4 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Chemical Engineering Department

5 Dr. Durdana .R. Hashami Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC

6 Dr. Uzama Rashid Senior Scientific Officer

7 Mr. Imdad Soomro PRO, Mehran UET

8 Mr. Ashfaque PRO office

8. REGISTRATION COMMITTEE


1 Dr. Muhammad Shuaib

(Convener) Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

2 Engr. Aisha Kousar Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department

3 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Chemical Engineering Department

4 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Chemical Engineering Department

5 Engr. Aziz Ahmed Soomro Chemical Engineering Department

6 Dr. Hina Ahson Senior Scientific Officer

7 Dr. Tooba Naveed Senior Scientific Officer

8 Mrs. Aisha Junior Experimental Officer PCSIR-KLC

9 Mr. Junaid Akhtar Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC

10 Mrs. Nisra S.L PCSIR-KLC

11 Mr. Zain QMR PCSIR-KLC

9. TRANSPORT COMMITTEE


1 Dr. Zulfiqar Bhatti

(Convener) Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department


3 Engr. Arshad Iqbal Jarwar Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department

4 Engr. Abdul Qudoos Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department


6 Mr. Amrat Lal Senior Scientific Officer

7 Mr. Bashir Ahmed Sheikh P.A to D.G PCSIR-KLC



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10. SECURITY COMMITTEE


1 Prof. Dr. Abdul Waheed Umrani

(Convener) Registrar, MUET Jamshoro

2 Dr. Sohail Shoukat OIC-security PCSIR-KLC

3 Abdul Rasheed Assistant Security officer PCSIR-KLC

11. SECTARAITE COMMITTEE


1 Dr. Imran Nazir Unar

(Convener) Chemical Engineering Department

2 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Chemical Engineering Department

3 Engr. Aziz Ahmed Chemical Engineering Department

4 Engr. Meer Khan Chemical Engineering Department

5 Engr. Abdul Samee Memon Chemical Engineering Department



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xi

INVITED / KEY NOTE SPEAKER

INTERNATIONAL

S.No NAME AFFILIATION TITLE OF KEYNOTE TALK

1. Prof. Dr. Mahfooz

Soomro

Western Sydney University,

Australia

Chemical Activation of Ceramic,

Glass, Pozzolan to make Geo-

polymers.

2. Dr. Mukhtar ul Hassan

Western Road Southall

Middlesex UB2 5DX London

UK

Treatment of mixed Industrial

Effluent (heavy metal ions,

organic pollutants, herbicides and

dyes) by a novel combination of

photolytic ,electrochemical and

carbon concentrator system.

3. Prof. Dr. N. Emre Altun

Middle East Technical

University, Mining

Engineering Department

Ankara, Turkey

Centrifugal Gravity

Concentration as a Novel Tool

for Extending the Metallurgical

Outcomes of Conventional

Processing Circuits

4. Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup Malaysia

Thermal Conversion

Technologies of Biomass to

Gaseous Fuel.

5. Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Technologies for

Dehydrogenation of Light

Alkane to Light Olefin:

Comprehensive review

6. Dr M Ayub khan Malaysia

Economization and Optimization

of Biodiesel Production via

Latest Technologies in Malaysia



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xii

NATIONAL

S. No NAME AFFILIATION TITLE OF KEYNOTE TALK

1. Prof. Dr. Mohammad

Younas

Department of Chemical

Engineering, University of

Engineering & Technology,

Peshawar

Post combustion CO2 capture

through PVDF/PDMS hollow

fiber membrane module with

sweep gas

2. Prof. Dr. Muddasar

Habib

HOD,Chemical

Engineering.,UET Peshawar,

Pakistan

Sustainable Mineral Resource

Utilization

3. Prof. Dr. Mohammad

Tahir Shah

Vice Chancellor, FATA

University, Akhurwal, FR

Kohat

Present and Future Prospects

of Mineral Resources of

Pakistan in the context of its

Tectonic Framework

4. Dr. Mehmood Saleem Institute of Chemical


Punjab

The role of Indigenous Coal in

National Energy Mix: Present

and Future

5. Dr. Hassan Agheem Center of Advanced Studies in

Pure and Applied Geology,

University of Sindh

Kaolinite (China Clay)

deposits of Nagar Parkar:

Origin and uses

6. Dr. Sarfaraz Hussain

Solangi Pro Vice Chancellor, Thatta

Campus, University of Sindh.

Global context of fossil energy

utilization and sustainability

with special reference to

Pakistan

7. Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin

Khan

National Center of Excellence

in Analytical Chemistry,

University of Sindh

Monitoring of Water

Pollutants via Nanomaterials.

8. Dr. Tajnees Pirazada Institute of Chemistry, Shah

Abdul Latif University,

Khairpur

Extraction and characterization

of humic acid extracted from

Pakistani coals

9. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Department of Chemical


Karachi

Design of Catalytic Cracking

unit for Refinery meet the

Energy Crises of Pakistan

10. Prof. Dr. Abdul Khaliq

Ansari

Ex. Director Institute of

Environmental Engineering &

Management Mehran

University of Engineering

&Technology Jamshoro

The Environmental Safeguard

Policies for Sustainable Mine

Development

11. Dr. Ali Dad Chandio

Department of Metallurgy and

Materials Engineering, NED

UET University, Karachi

Strategies to iron ore

Beneficiation: Revival of steel

sector of Pakistan

12. Dr. Ahmad Hussain Director ORIC, Szabist

Karachi

Clean Coal Technologies for

Power Generation



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13. Engr. Zulfiqar Ali

Dakhan

Chief Executive

ZADTECH International

ISO-45001:2018 Occupational

Health and Safety Management

System

14. Engr. Zulfiqar Ali

Dakhan

Chief Executive

ZADTECH International

ISO-14001:2015 Environmental

Management System

15. S. M. Imran Director Project, Power

Cement Limited

Sustainable Utilization of

Mineral Resources at Power

Cement Limited.

16. Dr. Liaqat Ali

Associate Professor of Mineral

Exploration

NCE in Geology

University of Peshawar

The use of Automated

QEMSCAN techniques in

stream sediment exploration: A

case study from northern

Pakistan

17. Prof. Dr. Mir Munsif

Ali Talpur

Institute of Chemistry, Shah

Abdul Latif University,

Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan

Evaluation of adsorption

capacities of commercial humic

acid for application to remove

18. Prof. M Zahid Qureshi Department of Chemistry

G C University, Lahore

Nanotechnology- Science of

Every Science

19. Dr. Yasmeen Nargis

Department of Earth and

Environmental Sciences Bahria

University, Karachi Campus,

Pakistan

Environmental Impacts And

Mitigation of TLC Mine

Dewatering Operation, Sindh,

Pakistan

20. Ubedullah Ansari Mehran UET Jamshoro

Simulating the Drilling Profile in

Coal Formation to Extract Coal

Bed Methane Using Finite

Element Method Over Pore

Pressure Envelop

21. Engr. Yunas Khan Askari Cement Ltd.

Efficient energy Management

of Low rank coal to tackle its

Quality Problems

22. Mr. Shahid Bhutto PCSIR Labs Karachi Complex.

Synthesis of silver

impregnated Graphene Oxide

and Reduced Graphene Oxide

By Re-Modified HUMMERs

Method and Its Application’s

23. Akhter Sharif

Centre for Environmental

Studies (CES), PCSIR Labs

Complex, Karachi

Impact of coal Mining on

Environment and Human Health

24. M. Ishaque Abro Chairmen department of

Metallurgy and Mining

Beneficiation of Low Grade

Ores: Current and Future

Challenges



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xiv

TABLE OF CONTENT

Preface ii

Acknowledgement iii

Conference Organizing Committee iv

International Invited Speakers ix

National Invited Speakers x

Paper ID Title Page No.

Geology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)

GMB-101

(Keynote)

The use of Automated QEMSCAN techniques in stream sediment

exploration: A case study from northern Pakistan

Liaqat Ali, Ben Williamson and Charles John Moon

2

GMB-102

(Keynote)

Environmental Impacts and Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering

operation, Sindh, Pakistan

Yasmin Nergis, Muhammad Jahangir khan and Mughal Sharif

3

GMB-103

(Keynote)

Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores: Current and Future Challenges

Prof Dr Ishaque Abro 4

GMB-104

(Keynote)

Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with special

reference to Pakistan

Sarfraz Hussain Solangi

5

GMB-105

Production of three-way catalytic converter (50 units per day) for the

reduction of pollutants generated from internal combustion engines

Fahad Jamil, Muhammad Bilal, Basit Ali Khan, and Naseer Ahmed Khan

Naveed H. Syed, and Ali Imran Bangash

7

GMB-106

Detection and Monitoring of Underground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra

Coal Mines

Niaz Muhammad Shahani, Zhijun Wan

8

Mineral Processing (MP)

MP-201

(Keynote)

Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce

Geopolymers

Dr. Mahfooz Soomro

10

MP-202

(Keynote)

Centrifugal gravity concentration as a novel tool for extending the

metallurgical outcones of conventional processing circuits

N. Emre Altun

12



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xv

MP-203

(Keynote)

Treatment of mixed industrial effluent (heavy metals ions, organic

pollutants, herbicides and dyes) by novel combination of photolytic,

electrochemical and carbon concentrator system

Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib

14

MP-204

(Keynote)

Present and Future Prospects of Mineral Resources of Pakistan in the

context of its Tectonic Framework

Mohamamd Tahir Shah

15

MP-205

(Keynote)

Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar Parkar: Origin and uses

Muhammad Hassan Agheem, Akhtar Hussain Markhand, Riaz Hussain Rajpar 16

MP-206

(Keynote)

Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of Pakistan

A.D. Chandio 17

MP-207

(Keynote)

Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement Limited

S.M. Imran, 18

MP-208

(Keynote)

Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral based industrial sector of

Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Viqar Husain

20

MP-209

A theoretical study of transport behavior of particle species in fluidized

bed separators

Naveed H. Syed, Naseer A. Khan

21

MP-210

Synthesis Of Copper acetate metallic Nanoparticles Using Cruciferous

Vegetables

Kanwal Zohra, G.Zuhra Memon

22

MP-211

Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite

system in presence of C2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of

ligand.

Abro M. I., Pathan A. G., Lagari A. J, Khatri U. A., Channa S. A., and

Mukesh K

23

MP-212

Designing production flowline using Heuristic techniques. A case study at

Zeal Pak Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) Hyderabad

Yasir Hashmi, Prof. Dr. Abdul Salam Soomro, Hammad Hashmi

24

MP-213

Development and characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite by Freeze

drying

Maheera Abdul Ghani, Ehsan Ul Haq , Gul Hameed ,Sidrah Majeed

25

MP-214

Occupational exposure to mercury among the workers in a lighting

product manufacturing factory, SITE, industrial area, karachi Pakistan.

Dr Uzma Rashid , Dr Nusrat Jalbani, Farooq Ahmed Khan

26

Energy Minerals (EM)

EM-301

(keynote)

Thermal Conversion Technologies of Biomass to Gaseous Fuel.

Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup 28



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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xvi

EM-302

(keynote)

Technologies for dehydrogenation of light Alkane to Light Olefin: A

comprehensive Review

Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz

29

EM-303

(keynote)

Post combustion CO2 capture through PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber

membrane module with sweep gas

Sub topics: Advanced Membrane Modules, Emerging Membrane Processes

M. Younas, A. Muhammad, G. Gong, J. Li

30

EM-304

(Keynote)

The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future

Dr. Mahmood Saleem 32

EM-305

(Keynote

Extraction and characterization of humic acid extracted from Pakistani

coals

Prof. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada

33

EM-306

(Keynote)

Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of

Pakistan

Danish Jawed, Muhammad Shoaib Ahmed Ansari, Muzzammil Shehnoz

Khatri, Shagufta Ishteyaque

34

EM-307

(Keynote)

Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation

Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain 35

EM-308

(Keynote)

Efficient energy Management of Low rank coal to tackle its Quality

Problems

Engr. Yunus

36

EM-309

(Keynote)

Lakhra Coal is also a resource of Minerals

Professor Tasneem G Kazi 37

EM-310 Thar Coal Present and Future Prospects

Engr. Faisal Iqbal 38

EM-311 Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal and Vertical Well

Asad Ahmed Memon, Assistant Professor Naveed Ahmed Ghirano 39

EM-312 Performance evaluation of Biodiesel form waste cooking oil

Engr. Abid Ali Khaskheli 40

EM-313

Parametric investigation dibenzothiophene removal from Pakistani low

rank coal using native microorganism.

Abdul Sattar Jatoi, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail Ahmed Soomro

41

EM-314

Facile Organic Ligand Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOX

Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production

Umair Aftab, Muhammad Ishaque Abro, Muhammad Moazam Baloch,

Sirajuddin Khan

42

EM-315 Mineralogical and Microstrutural characterization of carbonate rocks of

lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

Abdul Majeed shar, Waheed Ali Abro, Asad Ali Narejo, Kun Sang Lee

43



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EM-316

Synthesis of Gamman Alumina by using Acid treatment from Nagar

Parker kaolin

Ahsan Ali, Suhail A. Soomro, Sanwal Hussain

44

EM-317

Effective and Environmental Friendly Utilization of Biomass, Plastic and

Lignite coal Briquettes

Sanwal Hussain, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz, Ahsan Ali, Naveed Ali

45

Technological Advance Material(TAM)

TAM-401

(Keynote)

Monitoring of Water Pollutants via Nanomaterials

Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin 47

TAM-402

(keynote)

Synthesis of silver impregnated Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene

Oxide By Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its Application’s

Dr Shahid Bhutto

48

TAM-403

(keynote)

Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed

Methane Using Finite Element Method Over Pore Pressure Envelop

Ubedullah Ansari, Suhail A. Soomro, Abdul Haque Tunio, Li QingChao,

YuanFang Cheng

49

TAM-404

(keynote)

Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of

Toxic Ions from Aqueous Syste

Aamna Balouch

50

TAM-405

Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric sensor for detection of trace level

Arsenic 3+

Gul Naz Laghari Baloch, Sirajuddin, Syed Tufail Hussain Sherezi

51

TAM-406

Synthesis and applications of imprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for

selective removal of aluminum from aqueous matrices

Shahnila Shah, Huma Shaikh and Najma Memon

52

TAM-407

Synthesis of Insulin Intercalated Graphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/

Nanocomposite for the Controlled Drug Delivery

Shabana Gul, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Memon, Ayaz Ali Memon

53

TAM-408

Synthesis, Characterization and properties of Copper Oxide

Nanoparticles using different capping agents

Shabana Bhagat

54

TAM-409

Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomes for Effective Delivery of

CoQ10

Ammara Rasheed, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Memon

55

TAM-410 Simulation of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar oil Field

Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi Muhammad Awais Imran Nazir Unar 56



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TAM-411

Energy Conservation in distillation Column with PETYLUK

Arrangement

Fahad Hussain Noonari, Imran Nazir Unar, Suhail A. Soomro,Shaheen Aziz

57

TAM-412

Dimethyl ether production from coal based synthesis gas: process

simulation and modelling - A review

Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro, Fahad Hussain

Noonari

58

TAM-413

Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China

Clay and Fly Ash as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study

Manzoor ul haq Rajput, Shaheen aziz, Suhail A.soomro, Abdul Khaliq

Ansari2,Abdul Sattar jatoi, Junaid Ghaffar Korai.

59

TAM-414

Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters, Mediated by

Bacillus Strains

Muhammad Ali Surhio, Farah Naz talpur, Shafi Muhammad Nizamani, Hassan

Imran Afridi

60

Environment, Health, Safety and Management(EHSM)

ESHM-

501

(Keynote)

Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic

pollutants, herbicides and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic

,electrochemical and carbon concentrator system

Mukhtar-ul-Hassan , Zahid Qureshi , Javed Iqbal , Mudsar Natt

62

ESHM-

502

(Keynote)

The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine Development

Prof. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari 63

ESHM-

503

(Keynote)

ISO 45001:2018

Occupational health and Safety Management Systems

Engr. Zulfiqar A Dhakan

64

ESHM-

504

(Keynote)

ISO 14001:2015

Environmental Management Systems


65

ESHM-

505

(Keynote)

Evaluation of adsorption capacities of commercial humic acid for

application to remove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ and

characterization with FT-IR spectroscopy

Mir Munsif Ali Talpur, Tajnees Pirzada, Mir Ali Raza Talpur

66

ESHM-

506

(Keynote)

Impact of coal Mining on Environment and Human Health

Akhtar Shareef, Durdana Rais Hashmi and Rzaia Begum 67

ESHM-

507

To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial

Substituent of Natural Aggregate

Mohammad Asim, Mujeeb-ur-Rehman,Waheed Ahmed, Gohr Nadeem

68



___________________________________________________________________

Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xix

ESHM-

508

Occupational Health and Safety in Mining

Naseem Ibrahim, 69

ESHM-

509

Impact Evaluation of coal Mine drainage on physiochemical properties

of soil and aquifer around coal mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab,

Pakistan

Waqas Ahmed, Tahseenullah Khan, Fiza Sarwar

70

ESHM-

510

Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental

engineering

Zubair Ahmed , Evgen Shapovalov, Viktor Stabnikov, Sergei Zhadan,

Anatoliy Salyuk, Shan Saleem, and Volodymyr Ivanov

72

ESHM-

511

Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis

Amir Muhammad, Junaid Shehzad, Junaid Afridi, Haris Khattak, Mohammad

Younas

73

ESHM-

512

Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need

to Go.

Mahmood Arshad, Muhammad Waqas, Maryum Khan

74

ESHM-

513

GIS based Analysis of Ground Water Quality: A Case Study of Districts

of Punjab- Pakistan

Falak Naeem, Lubna Ghazal

75

ESHM-

514

Successful Installation of Defluoridation Water Treatment Plant in the

Thar Desert, Pakistan

Tahir Rafique, Muhammad Anas, Sofia Khalique Alvi, Khaula Shirin

76

ESHM-

515

Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted

toxic ions in aqueous system

Ameet Kumara, Aamna Baloucha

77

ESHM-

516

Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed

A.Qudoos, S.Farman, A.Sikander, M.Saeed, M.Khan , K.Junaid 78

ESHM-

517

Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power

Electro dialysis for Arid and Semi Arid Regions

Muhammad Awais, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro

79

ESHM-

518

Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy

for the decontamination of trace cadmium(II) ions from water system

Farah Amin, Farah Naz Talpur, Aamna Balouch, Hassan Imran Afridi

80

ESHM-

519

Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner

production

Shokat Ali Abbassi, Sheeraz Memon, Saad Memon, Fahad Hussain Nnonari

81

1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resources Development & Utilization (SMRDU’19)

Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering DepartmentMehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xx

CONFERENCE PROGRAMDAY 01, TUESDAY, 12 FEBRUARY 2019

Inauguration Ceremony

09:00 Registration09:45 Recitation of Holy Quran10:00 SMRDU’19 Overview - Conference Chair, Prof. Dr. Suhail Ahmed Soomro10:15 Welcome Speech by Vice Chancellor, MUET, Prof. Dr. M. Aslam Uqaili10:30 Keynote Talk 1 by Dr. Mahfooz Soomro from Australia

Title of Talk: “Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce”.11:00 Keynote Talk 2 by Dr. Sarfaraz H. Solangi, Pro Vice Chancellor, Thatta Campus,

University of Sindh.Title of Talk: “Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with specialreference to Pakistan”.

11:30 Address by Guest of Honor11:45 Address by Chief Guest12:00 Vote of Thanks12:15 Poster Presentations13:15 Lunch Break

DAY 01, TUESDAY, 12 FEBRUARY 2019

Timing

Session – 1AGeology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)/

Energy Minerals (EM)

Session – 1BMineral Processing (MP)/ Energy, Health, Safety

and Management (EHSM)Session Chair

Dr. Mahfooz A.Soomro

Session SecretaryDr. Shugufta Aslam

Session ChairDr. M. Tahir Shah

Session SecretaryDr. Hasan Agheem

14:00 to 14:15

Key Note SpeakerGMB-101: The use of Automated QEMSCANtechniques in stream sediment exploration: A

case study from northern Pakistan

Key Note SpeakerMP-203: Treatment of mixed industrial effluent

(heavy metals ions, organic pollutants, herbicidesand dyes) by novel combination of photolytic,

electrochemical and carbon concentrator systemDr. Liaqat Ali Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib

14:15 to 14:30

Key Note SpeakerGMB-102: Environmental Impacts and

Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering operation,Sindh, Pakistan

Key Note SpeakerMP-204: Present and Future Prospects of Mineral

Resources of Pakistan in the context of its TectonicFramework

Dr. Yasmin Nergis Dr. Mohamamd Tahir Shah

14:30 to 14:40

Key Note SpeakerEM-305: Extraction and characterization ofhumic acid extracted from Pakistani coals

Key Note SpeakerMP-205: Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar

Parkar: Origin and usesProf. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada Dr. Muhammad Hassan Agheem

14:40 to 14:50

GMB-103: Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores:Current and Future Challenges

Key Note SpeakerMP-208: Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral

based industrial sector of PakistanProf. Dr. Ishaque Abro Prof. Dr. Vikar Hussain

14:50 to 15:00

GMB-105: Production of three-way catalyticconverter (50 units per day) for the reduction ofpollutants generated from internal combustion

engines

MP-209: A theoretical study of transport behavior ofparticle species in fluidized bed separators

Fahad Jamil Naveed H. Syed

15:00 to 15:10

GMB-106: Detection and Monitoring ofUnderground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra Coal

Mines

MP-210: Synthesis of Copper acetate metallicNanoparticles Using Cruciferous Vegetables

Niaz Muhammad Shahani Kanwal Zohra


Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering DepartmentMehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xxi

15:10 to 15:20

EM-316: Synthesis of Gamman Alumina byusing Acid treatment from Nagar Parker kaolin

MP-212: Designing production flowline usingHeuristic techniques. A case study at Zeal Pak

Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) HyderabadAhsan Ali Yasir Hashmi

15:20 to 15:30EM-317: Preparation of Emission free coal-

biomass-plastic brequitesMP-213: Development and characterization of Nano-

Hydroxyapatite by Freeze dryingSanwal Hussain Maheera Abdul Ghani

15:30 to 15:40

EM-310: Thar Coal Present and FutureProspects

MP-214: -201Occupational exposure to mercuryamong the workers in a lighting product

manufacturing factory, SITE, industrial area, karachiPakistan

Faisal Iqbal Dr. Uzma Rashid

15:40 to 15:50

EHSM: 513: GIS based Analysis of Ground WaterQuality: A Case Study of Districts of Punjab-

PakistanFalak Naeem

15:50 to 16:00EHSM-514: Successful Installation of DefluoridationWater Treatment Plant in the Thar Desert, Pakistan

Tahir Rafique16:00 to 16:30 Tea Break

Session – 2ATechnology Advance Materail (TAM)

Session – 2BEnergy Minerals (EM)

Session ChairDr. M. Ayub

Session ChairProf. Yasmin Nargis

Session ChairDr. A. Hussain

Session SecretaryDr. Yunas

16:30 to 16:45

Key Note SpeakerEHSM-505: Evaluation of adsorption capacities

of commercial humic acid for application toremove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+

and Ni2+ and characterization with FT-IRspectroscopy

Key Note SpeakerEM-307: Clean Coal Technologies for Power

Generation

Prof. Dr. Mir Munsif Ali Talpur Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain

16:45 to 17:00

Key Note SpeakerTAM-401: Monitoring of Water Pollutants via

Nanomaterials

Key Note SpeakerEM-303: Post combustion CO2 capture through

PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber membrane module withsweep gas

Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin Prof. Dr. M. Younas

17:00 to 17:10

Key Note SpeakerTAM-402: Synthesis of silver impregnated

Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxideby Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its

Application’s

Key Note SpeakerEM-308: Efficient energy Management of Low rank

coal to tackle its Quality Problems

Dr. Shahid Bhutto Engr.Yunus Khan

17:10 to 17:20TAM-405: Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric

sensor for detection of trace level ArsenicEM-311: Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal

and Vertical WellGul Naz Laghari Baloch Asad Ahmed Memon

17:20 to 17:30

TAM-406: Synthesis and applications ofimprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for

selective removal of aluminum from aqueousmatrices

EM-312: Performance evaluation of Biodiesel formwaste cooking oil

Shahnila Shah Engr. Abid Ali Khaskheli

17:30 to 17:40

TAM-407: Synthesis of Insulin IntercalatedGraphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/

Nanocomposite for the Controlled DrugDelivery

EM-313: Parametric investigation dibenzothiopheneremoval from Pakistani low rank coal using native

microorganism.

Shabana Gul Abdul Sattar Jatoi

17:40 to 17:50

TAM-408: Synthesis, Characterization andproperties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles using

different capping agents

EM-314: Facile Organic Ligand AssistedHydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOXNanocomposites for Hydrogen Production

Shabana Bhagat Umair Aftab


Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering DepartmentMehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xxii

17:50 to 18:00

TAM-409: Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomesfor Effective Delivery of CoQ10

EM:-315: Mineralogical and Microstruturalcharacterization of carbonate rocks of lower Indus

Basin, PakistanAmmara Rasheed Abdul Majeed shar

20:00 Conference Dinner

DAY - 2, WEDNESDAY, 13 FEBRUARY 2019

Timing

Session – 3AEnvironment, Health, Safety & Management (EHSM)/ Geology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)

Session ChairProf. Dr. Vikar Hussain

Session SecretaryDr. M. Ishaque Abro

09:00 to 09:15

Key Note SpeakerESHM-501: Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, herbicides

and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic, electrochemical and carbon concentrator systemMukhtar-ul-Hassan

09:15 to 09:30Key Note Speaker

ESHM-502: The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine DevelopmentProf. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari


ESHM-503: ISO 45001:2018 Occupational health and Safety Management SystemsEngr. Zulfiqar Ali Dakhan


ESHM-504: ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management SystemsEngr. Zulfiqar Ali Dakhan

09:50 to 10:00EHSM-506: Impact of coal Mining on Environment and Human Health

Akhtar Shareef

10:00 to 10:10ESHM-507: To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial Substituent of Natural

AggregateMohammad Asim

10:10 to 10:20ESHM-508: Occupational Health and Safety in Mining

Naseem Ibrahim

10:20 to 10:30ESHM-509: Impact Evaluation of coal Mine drainage on physiochemical properties of soil and aquifer

around coal mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab, PakistanWaqas Ahmeda

10:30 to 10:40ESHM-510: Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental engineering

Zubair Ahmed

10:40 to 10:50ESHM-511: Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis

Amir Muhammad

10:50 to 11:00ESHM-512: Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need to Go.

Mahmood Arshad11:00 to 11:30 Tea Break

Timing

Session – 4AMineral Procesing (MP)/Energy Minerals (EM)/EHSM

Session ChairProf. Dr. Muddasar

Habib

Session SecretaryProf. Dr. Mir Munsif Talpur

Session Secretary


MP-206: Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of PakistanA.D. Chandio


MP-207: Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement LimitedS. M. Imran


EM-309: Lakhra Coal is also a resource of MineralsProf. Dr. Tasneem G. Kazi

12:10 to 12:20 Key Note SpeakerEM-304: The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future


Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering DepartmentMehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xxiii

Dr. Mahmood Saleem


EM-306: Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of PakistanDr. Shagufta Ishteyaque

12:30 to 12:40EHSM-515: Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted toxic ions in aqueous

systemAmeet Kumara

12:40 to 12:50EHSM-516: Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed

A.Qudoos

12:50 to 13:00MP-211: Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite system in presence of

C2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of ligand.Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ishaque Abro

13:00 to 14:00 Lunch Break

Timing

Session – 5ATechnology Advance Materail (TAM)/ Energy, Health, Safety and Management (EHSM)

Session ChairProf. Dr. Sirajuddin

Session SecretoryDr. Ahmed Hussain

14:00 to 14:15

Key Note SpeakerTAM-404: Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of Toxic Ions from

Aqueous SysteAmna Balouch


Nanotechnology- Science of Every ScienceProf. M Zahid Qureshi

14:30 to 14:40TAM-403: Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed Methane Using Finite

Element Method Over Pore Pressure EnvelopUbedullah Ansari

14:40 to 14:50TAM-410: Simulation of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar oil Field

Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi

14:50 to 15:00TAM-411: Energy Conservation in distillation Column with PETYLUK Arrangement

Fahad Hussain Noonari

15:00 to 15:10TAM-412: Dimethyl ether production from coal-based synthesis gas: process simulation and modelling -A review

Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro

15:10 to 15:20TAM-413: Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China Clay and FlyAsh as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study

Dr. Manzoor-ul-Haque Rajput

15:20 to 15:30TAM-414: Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters, Mediated by BacillusStrains

Muhammad Ali Surhio

15:30 to 15:40EHSM-517: Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power Electro dialysisfor Arid and Semi Arid Regions

Muhammad Awais

15:40 to 15:50EHSM-518: Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy for thedecontamination of trace cadmium (II) ions from water system

Farah Amin

15:50 to 16:00EHSM-519: Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner production

Shokat Ali Abbassi16:00 to 17:00 Conclusion Ceremony17:00 to 17:30 Tea Break


Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering DepartmentMehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | xxiv

DISCLAIMER

Facts and opinions in articles published in the proceedings of 1st

International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resources Development

& Utilization (SMRDU’19) are solely the personal statements of

respective authors. Authors are responsible for all contents in their

article(s) including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources,

plagiarism and so on.

Editorial Board



___________________________________________________________________

Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 1

GEOLOGY MINING

& BENEFICATION

(GMB)



___________________________________________________________________


The use of Automated QEMSCAN techniques in stream sediment exploration:

A case study from northern Pakistan

Liaqat Ali1, Ben Williamson2 and Charles John Moon2

1 National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar 2 Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter UK

Abstract

The use of automated QEMSCAN techniques are widely used in the mining industry, especially

in the field of mineral exploration and processing. These techniques provide a comprehensive

overview of the mineralogy of samples as well as locating rare grains. Mineralogical analysis of

stream sediments has traditionally been carried out using light microscopy, scanning electron

microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Although

these techniques are still important in determining basic textural and mineralogical data, the

production of large, statistically significant datasets is time consuming and therefore expensive,

and are very often operator dependent. These issues can be overcome by using automated

mineralogical assessment systems such as the Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA) and

QEMSCAN.

A pilot study was conducted on stream sediments and heavy minerals from Pakistan. The purpose

of the study was to address the application of QEMSCAN automated mineralogical system in

order to develop new methodology acceptable for worldwide exploration. Automated

mineralogical analysis of the stream sediments using a QEMSCAN system, indicated diagnostic

mineralogy and mineral associations and can be integrated with geochemical data to give

significant interpretation. The effectiveness of the automated mineralogical analysis for

exploration in northern Pakistan was found to be very effective, and recommendations made for

future exploration.

Keywords: Automated QEMSCAN, Stream Sediment.

GMB-101



___________________________________________________________________


Environmental Impacts and Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering operation,

Sindh, Pakistan

Yasmin Nergis*, Muhammad Jhangir khan, Mugghak Sharif

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Bahria University, Karachi Campus, Pakistan

Email: [email protected]

Abstract

This study aimed at identification of dewatering hazards and impacts in block-II of Thar coal

mining areas. This study focuses impacts of dewatering on soil, ground water, flora & fauna,

physical local environment and geomorphology of the block-II. This study is based on

physiochemical tests of water samples collected from 58 community wells in Thar coal mining

areas of block-II. There are three aquifers in Thar coal mining areas. The constraints noted above

are likely to pose moderate to major hazards at and during the pre-mining, mining and post-mining

stages. The presence of aquifers at the subsurface and basal level is considered a major hazard at

all the three stages. The extracted natural ground water from first aquifer is being disposed in

multiple depression areas, near villages of Gorano, Kathar and Dhukar Shah. The dewatering of

aquifer from TLC mining area is being discharged in Gorano pond. With the progress in coal

mining, the groundwater is being dewatering from top aquifer. It is expected that the dewatering

surplus from the mining action must not be depleted in the adjacent water bodies to avoid the

dewatering surplus to be infused back in the aquifers. Future decline in water table in community

wells therefore a mitigation plan needs to be designed for community development. The

dewatering may be discharged into Arabian sea through drainage patterns and gravitational flow.

keywords: Ground Water Hazard, Thar coal, TDS, Dewatering, Pakistan.

GMB-102

mailto:[email protected]



___________________________________________________________________


Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores: Current and Future Challenges

Prof. Dr. Ishaque Abro

Depratment of Metallurgical and Mining Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & technology

Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract

Mineral industry of today is facing multi challenges due to dwelling of high grade ores which

includes processing of large tonnage of poor grade ores, production of large amount of wastes, and

increased energy and water consumption. Low grade ores tends to have finely dissemination of

gangue minerals, gangue minerals diversity, and high content of polyvalent metal ions and clay

minerals. Because of these issues the mesh of liberation is ultrafine and the difference in physico-

chemical attributes between gangue minerals and valuable minerals is very marginal. Henceforth,

challenges to beneficiation of low\ grade ore are increasing which necessitate the development of

new chemical reagents and processing techniques.

The first part of this talk emphasis on the challenges existing and the innovations made so for,

whereas second part is focused to the future trends and research needs for the sustainability of

many mining operations. For example, in floatation and flocculation the existing difficulties and

their solutions are addressed. The advancement in the design of environment friendly reagents

required for the flotation of coal and coal desulfurization techniques are addressed.

Kewords: Low grade ores, Energy and water consumption.

GMB-103



___________________________________________________________________


Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with special

reference to Pakistan

Sarfraz Hussain Solangi Meritorious Professor of Geology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract

The Global consumption of fossil fuel energy increased 1300 times since the industrialization

began in 1780s. Initially coal was the only fuel until hydrocarbons were discovered in 1860s. More

recent studies and projections also indicate that Fossil energy will remain as the major source

(about 80%) for Global power generation including about 30% share of coal. In addition to

significant conventional fossil fuel still in place, the large scale deposits of unconventional

hydrocarbon resources such as Shale gas and oil, Tar sand, tight gas reservoirs, and Coal Bed

Methane ensure long term sustainability of fossil energy. As per estimates the Shale gas alone has

potential of 15000 TCF occurring throughout the world.

Though Pakistan has long history of using indigenous hydrocarbons, but still it relies on imported

petroleum products as its domestic production can only meet its 15% needs. As such Pakistan has

been suffering a serious shortage of energy resource supply. Pakistan’s current fossil fuel energy

resource largely comprises of conventional hydrocarbon resources including mainly oil and gas.

While Pakistan has one of the largest coal resources in Thar area of Sindh, so far it has not been

utilized for power production. Recent initiatives of open pit mining and power plant installation in

Thar is going to open a new chapter in the use of lignite coal deposits for power generation in

country. As per US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Pakistan is listed among the top 10

countries of the world with the largest shale gas and oil resources. In addition, other

unconventional energy resources like Coal Bed Methane (CBM), tight gas and oil reservoirs are

yet to be explored and exploited in Pakistan. The studies in Lower and Middle Indus basin in Sindh

and parts of Punjab indicate presence of 3778 TCF of shale gas in only 33% of sedimentary basin

of Pakistan. The unconventional oil and gas potential and Thar coal present a new outlook for

Pakistan which can ensure sufficient energy supply at affordable price.

Despite significant advancements in renewable energy resources and global agreements to reduce

atmospheric green house gases, the large scale use of fossil fuels as the major energy resource in

future decades cannot be ignored. Under this scenario, the fossil energy as the major source for

power generation will remain focus of development strategies not only in developing but in

GMB-104



___________________________________________________________________


developed countries too. With the acquisition of appropriate technology and expertise, the

utilization of conventional as well as unconventional indigenous Fossil energy in Pakistan would

become feasible to meet the needs of country.

Keywords: Fossil Energy, Sustainable Utilization, Global Context.



___________________________________________________________________


Production of three-way catalytic converter (50 units per day) for the

reduction of pollutants generated from internal combustion engines

Fahad Jamil, Muhammad Bilal, Basit Ali Khan, and Naseer Ahmed Khan*, Naveed H. Syed, Ali Imran

Bangash, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET)

Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan.


Abstract

Environmental degradation is a major concern of the present world. Certainly, chemical and

transportation industries are now a vital component of modern society, however, at the same time

these industries are also responsible for releasing tons of toxic chemicals into the environment.

The effective technologies for the reduction of toxic compounds greatly varies and are still in a

development phase, particularly for automobiles (concentration of exhaust gases are dependent on

the engine quality). Besides carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), almost all vehicles emit a

considerable amounts of carbon (C), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and

unconverted hydrocarbons (HC) [1]. Nowadays, smart ceramic catalysts are employed in an

exhaust line of vehicles for the conversion of HC, CO, and NOx into inactive compounds (CO2,

H2O, N2 and O2) [3]. These catalytic composites (Cordierite) have a honeycomb structure, a

chemical composition of magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silica oxide

(SiO2), whereas dispersed platinum/rhodium nano particles are the actual active sites [2].

Unfortunately, the cost of catalytic converter unit is too expensive (̴ Rs 40,000) for our local

market, thus most of automobiles running on different roads of Pakistan are not environmental

friendly [4]. The minerals used for the catalyst preparation are commonly available in our country.

For this reason, a research team from the university of engineering and technology Peshawar has

recently prepared a detailed process design report for the production of three way catalytic

converter. Material and energy balance was applied on each equipment and the designing of

process equipment is also provided in present work. The capital cost for the construction of

chemical plant was around 5 million rupees. More importantly, the cost of catalytic converter

reduced to Rs.800 per unit. This project will not only be beneficial for our environment, but will

also generate a huge revenue for our country.

Key words: Ceramic oxide catalyst, environmental degradation, mass and energy balances.

GMB-105




___________________________________________________________________


Detection and Monitoring of Underground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra Coal

Mines

Niaz Muhammad Shahani, Zhijun Wan

School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008 Jiangsu China


Abstract

Generally, the coal or coal bearing strata covers the substantial amount of gases especially when

the underground coal mining. These coal mine gases are very dangerous when mixed with air. The

gases which are mostly found in underground mines are the combination of atmospheric air or

oxygen, CO, CO2, CH4, H2S etc. In this study, the sufficient measures of few toxic gases in Mine

No. 28, Block-C at Lakhra Coal Mines, such as CO is 388ppm and CO2 is 0.7% are detected by

using a portable Multi Gas Detector (IMR-2800). Therefore, care should be taken at these locations

to remove such poisonous gases by an adequate supply of air or such locations must be sealed off

forever and closed from the working environment, if not, this may cause serious effects on the

health of mine workers in mine or sometime causes death.

Keyword: Coal mine gases, Lakhra Coal Mine, Multi Gas Detector, Mine safety, Mine ventilation

GMB-106




___________________________________________________________________


MINERAL PROCESSING

(MP)



___________________________________________________________________


Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce

Geopolymers

Dr. Mahfooz Soomro

Western Sydney University, Kingswood, Sydney, Australia.

Abstract

Geopolymer materials are a new class of inorganic (mineral) polymers which can be produced by

the activation of minerals containing alumino-silicates (for example:- kaolinite, fly-ash, blast-

furnace slag, ceramics waste, glass waste, rice husk ash, bagasse ash etc., or a combination

thereof). The activating chemicals could be NaOH, KOH, Na2SO4, MgCO3, Na2SiO3, K2SiO3 etc.

The geopolymerisation of blast-furnace slag by alkali activation produce calcium-silicate hydrate

(C-S-H) similar as produced by the hydration of Portland cement and calcium + sodium alumino-

silicate hydrate (zeolite), as solidification products. The ultimate structure of geopolymer depends

largely on the ratio (Si:Al) and typically have Si:Al between 2 to 3.5, for the materials most often

considered for use in transportation, infrastructure, precast concrete elements and residential

building components.

The temperature during curing is very important and depending upon the source material and

activating solution, heat (60oC – 90oC) is most often required to facilitate polymerisation while,

recently some combination methods have been developed which can be cured at ambient

temperatures.

Though there are 9 different classes of geopolymers, but the class with substantial potential

application for infrastructure, transportation, precast concrete structural elements and residential

building components are comprised of alumino-silicate materials that can be used to completely

replace Portland cement in conventional as well as recycled aggregate concrete.

Because of its resistance to sulfate and acid attack (with zeolitic properties), alkali-aggregate

expansion, freeze-thaw deterioration and the development of early high strength i.e. 20MPa (2900

psi) in 4 hours as compared to same strength developed by conventional concrete in 72 hours

(minimum), makes this material highly desirable and has huge potential for constructing bridges,

precast structural elements and decks, repairs of airport runways, pavements and roads.

Geopolymer is a cost effective material which fills the gap between conventional concrete

technology and vitrification methods. The production of 1 Ton of kaolin based geopolymer

MP-201



___________________________________________________________________


generates 0.18 Tons of CO2 as compared to 0.9 to 1.0 Tons of CO2 produced in the manufacture

of 1 Ton of Portland cement i.e. 5.2 times less. Flyash based geopolymers emit even less CO2, up

to 9 times less than Portland cement.

Water resistant ceramic tiles can be fabricated from kaolinite geopolymer at temperatures below

450 oC without firing.

Geopolymer produced from kaolin, fly-ash, blast-furnace slag when heated slowly (4–5 degrees /

min) over 4 hours to 1000 oC remain stable due to nano-porous sponge like micro-structure. No

evidence of sintering or grain growth was observed. The micro-structure of flyash based

geopolymer resembled alumino-silicate particulates of 5–20 nanometer dimension, interconnected

forming nano-channels and pores in the geopolymer matrix.

Other applications of geopolymers include;

Thermal insulation

Low energy ceramic tiles

Refractory materials

Foundry applications

Precast concrete components

Architecture & cultural heritage prevention & rehabilitation

Composites for infrastructure repairs

High tech composites for aircraft & automobiles

High tech resins Radioactive and toxic waste containment



___________________________________________________________________


Centrifugal gravity concentration as a novel tool for extending the

metallurgical outcones of conventional processing circuits

N. Emre Altun

Middle East Technical University, Mining Engineering Department, Ankara, Turkey

Abstract

Centrifugal gravity concentrators (CGC’s) combine the effect of gravity with the effect of

centrifuging. These units can significantly extend the limits and usage of conventional gravity

concentration, particularly in the processing of metallic ores. The superiority of these units is due

to their competence of recovering target entities and separation of valuables from gangue at lower

specific gravity differences as compared to the conventional gravity concentration methods. This

mainly relies on the sophisticated separation mechanism that is comprised of centrifugal and

gravitational effects as well as effective use of air and water inside centrifugal gravity

concentrators. Another outstanding feature of centrifugal gravity concentration is their ability to

provide separation at relatively finer sizes, which is a direct outcome of the high centrifugal

acceleration inside the concentration chamber. Several examples are already available in market

produced by Knelson, Falcon, Kelsey, Mozley. These concentrators also find industrial scale

application in direct recovery of precious metals, but centrifugal concentrators have found

application only over the last two decades and mainly limited for the recovery of gold. Yet, efforts

have shown that other uses are also likely and centrifugal gravity concentrators can provide niche,

tailored solutions for a variety of other processing applications. These include separation of

magnesium silicates from iron oxides, rejection of silicates in the concentration of metallic ores

and concentration of base metals and chromite ores. Current situation demonstrates that mineral

processing industry has not fully explored and exploited the processing edge of centrifugal gravity

concentrators. This is due to insufficient operational knowledge and experience with these units,

conservative professionals in the minerals industry and perceptions on the capacity and

implementation of the CGC’s to new and/or existing process circuits. Outstanding performance of

CGC’s in full scale suggest an opportunity for other potential areas where conventional

gravitational concentration solutions are insufficient. Further, these units possess the potential to

improve performance and concentration efficiency of customary flowsheets.

This keynote presents results from three novel applications of CGC. The goal is to demonstrate

the metallurgical opportunities and processing options offered by continuous centrifugal gravity

concentration technology, which is an additional asset to CGC’s utilization in gold beneficiation.

MP-202



___________________________________________________________________


The first case presents integration of a continuous CGC unit into an existing comminution circuit.

In this case the duty of the CGC is treating the classifier U/F, particularly. This approach reduces

the loss of metals, which used to be a major problem in the former version of the processing circuit.

It also suggested other benefits such as implementation of a coarser grind-size, early rejection of

gangue, savings in pumping requirements. In the second case, the use of a CGC unit along with

flotation is suggested. The result is a hybrid centrifugal gravity concentration-flotation circuit for

enhancing the limits and efficiency of precious metals processing. This hybrid utilization produced

improved metal recoveries, reduction of loss of target values to the tailings, and possible decrease

in the energy consumption in the comminution circuit. The third novel example presents

modification of the base-metal flotation circuits by integration of centrifugal gravity concentration.

For the presented approcah, rejection of talc, a major challenge in the flotation of metallic ores,

was also aimed. The results showed outstanding benefits with the integration of CGC to base-

metal flotation circuits, providing an effective solution for rejection of Mg-silicates, increased

throughput and metal recoveries from the process. In this keynote, applied/suggested flowsheets

for the discussed novel applications will also be presented to reveal the use of CGC for the new

and/or existing processing circuits.

Keywords: Centrifugal Gravity Concentration, Metallic Ores, Flotation.



___________________________________________________________________


Treatment of mixed industrial effluent (heavy metals ions, organic pollutants,

herbicides and dyes) by novel combination of photolytic, electrochemical and

carbon concentrator system

Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib

HOD, Chem. Engg., UET Peshawar, Pakistan.

Abstract

The geologically scare mineral resources are a great feeder and important for the technical,

economic, social and cultural development of the global society. However, their current use needs

to be sustainable so as the future generations are not deprived from them. So far there has been no

global concrete reaction to this growing concern. Whilst the metals are recyclable, global mineral

deposits are “non-renewable” at least in human timescale and are hence regarded as finite.

The sustainable use of these finite mineral resources necessitates the understanding and dynamic

monitoring of production, recycling and reuse so as the link between the resource demand and

resource generated from their sale are established which will help in improving the circular

economy, use efficiency and thus sustainability.

Taking a sustainable approach, this talk will explore the urban mining recycling approach

considering the economic, technical and scarcity factors under the environmental and social

constraints in Pakistan. Thus, profound implications of local/regional/global mineral use with a

focus on sustainability and forecasted constraint availability in future will be discussed to develop

a consensus for strategies to maximize the returns from mineral wealth over generations.

Keywords: Mineral Resources, Sustainability, Circular Economy

MP-203



___________________________________________________________________


Present and Future Prospects of Mineral Resources of Pakistan in the context

of its Tectonic Framework

Mohamamd Tahir Shah

FATA University, FR Kohat, Pakistan

Abstract

The geology of Pakistan is very complex which is the manifestation of the collision of the Indian

plate with the Eurasian plate. This collision caused the closure of Neo-Tethys and resultantly

various tectonic zones have been formed in Pakistan. These are known as Karakoram Block,

Kohistan-Ladakh island arc, Northwest Himalayan fold and thrust belt, Indus suture zone,

Baluchistan ophiolite and thrust belt, Sulaiman Kirthar fold belt, Chagai magmatic arc, Kakar

Khorasan flysh basin and Makran accretionary zone and Indus plateform fore deep.

Pakistan has plenty of mineral resources of limestone, marble, rock salt, barite, coal, gypsum,

magnesite, phosphate, gemstone, chromite, manganese, copper, lead-zinc and iron. It has the world

largest salt mines, coal deposits and the Saindak and Riko Dek porphyry copper and gold deposits.

All these mineral resources are found in the various tectonic zones of Pakistan. It is the well-

established fact now that the plate tectonic is playing a greater role in understanding the

distribution and genesis of mineral deposits in any region as there are plenty of examples world

over where the type of mineral deposits, on the basis of their mineralogical, geochemical and

structural characteristics, can be correlated with the specific types of tectonic settings such as

divergent plate boundary, convergent plate boundary and collisional environments. Therefore,

keeping in view the type of tectonic environment of any region, its potential for the occurrence of

specific type of mineral deposit can be predicted. In this respect, keeping in view the production

and accumulation of mineral deposits in various tectonic zones of Pakistan, the prospects of

mineral deposits can be evaluated for strategizing the mineral exploration programs in future.

In the context of tectonic framework of Pakistan, exploration for porphyry Cu-Au deposits,

epithermal Au-Ag veins and Karoko type stratiform base metals deposits in the Kohistan-Ladakh

and Chagai magmatic arcs; gem-bearing pegmatites, Sn-W-U mineralization and carbonate hosted

Pb-Zn deposits in the Karakoram block and NW Himalayan fold and thrust belt; chromite,

manganese, massive sulfide, asbestos, talc and magnesite deposits and Ni, Fe, Ti, Au, Pt deposits

in the Indus suture zone and Baluchistan ophiolite and thrust belt and placer Au and U deposits

and hydrocarbon (ie., coal and gas) deposits in the Kakar Khorasan flysch basin and the Indus

platform fore deep may result in the economically viable resources of the country in future.

Keywords: Mineral Resources, future Prospects, Tectonic Framework.

MP-204



___________________________________________________________________


Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar Parkar: Origin and uses

Muhammad Hassan Agheem, Akhtar Hussain Markhand, Riaz Hussain Rajpar

Centre for Pure and Applied Geology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro.

Abstract

Kaolinite belonging to the group of industrial minerals is the weathered (chemical weathering)

product of the feldspar bearing rocks; particularly the acidic igneous rocks. The word “Kaolin”

was originally derived from Chinese language word “Kauling” which later in English language

was pronounced as “Kaolin”. The formation of kaolinite is either in Situ or due to transportation.

Kazmi and Khan (1973) and Kella (1983) are amongst the early workers who presented details on

the China clay occurrences of Nagar Parkar area. The Nagar Parkar kaolinite deposits are of the in

Situ type formed due to the alteration of acidic igneous rocks (granites), especially in the low-lying

areas. Though, the signatures of alteration have been observed throughout the area but at present

the deposits have been reported mostly from the surroundings of Chanida-Dhanagaon, Dhedh

Vero, Paro Dharo, Jodhe Jo Wandio and few other places. The open pit mining of the deposits is

being carried through decades and in most of the cases, the deposits are very shallow and occur at

a depth of six or seven feet. The white colored kaolinite is normally associated with the angular

and euhedral grains of quartz along with few strips of iron oxide and minor calcite at various depths

and places.

The Kaolinite deposits in/from the adjoining Neoproterozoic neighbours are also reported i.e.,

from Arabian Nubian Shield in Egypt at Aswan and Sinai regions (Baioumy, H.M., 2014), Malani

Igneous Suite (Sharma, 2004), Seychelles (Baker, 1963), and South China (Chen, et al., 1997).

In terms of origin, different hypotheses are proposed but on the basis of field features and

petrographic findings, it is concluded that the Kaolinite deposits of Nagar Parkar area are the result

of alteration of acidic igneous rocks, especially from different varieties of granites and

granodiorites. Though, at present different techniques of processing are available but in the case

of kaolinite deposits of Nagar Parkar, the most conventional processing units are available in the

surrounding of Nagar Parkar town, where indigenous kaolinite is being processed and sent to

various parts of Pakistan, especially to Karachi and Lahore for various uses. Though, there are

different uses but the indigenous deposits are mostly being used in the ceramic industry.

Keywords: Kaolinite, Nagar Parker deposits.

MP-205



___________________________________________________________________


Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of Pakistan

A.D. Chandio

Mineral Processing and Alloy Design Laboratories

Department of Metallurgical Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi,

Sindh, Pakistan

[email protected]

Abstract

In developed world, steel production is one of the key components governing national GDPs.

Countries who maintain at least deterrent or balanced steel production could survive in longer runs.

From Pakistan perspective, balanced import and export bills could bring the prosperity. Such

balance is an instrumental to bring back the national pride in terms of routing towards the

independent economy. For infrastructural and other needs; Pakistan necessitate to revive giant

steel plants such as Pakistan Steel Mills etc. and best utilize the local resources such as Dilband

iron ore, Nagarparkar ore etc. Unfortunately, the steel sector of country is in ever down fall

situation e.g. plants are being shut down most frequently. This is because of several reasons such

as; bare minimum interest of government in local industry, poor export and import policies, energy

crisis and inefficient or no utilization of local resources etc. Consequently, this has widened the

huge gap between the imports and exports. As a result economy is moving towards the free fall

direction and becoming ever complicated. Moreover, from steel production perspective two hitting

hard facts are witnessed roughly in last two decades i.e. i) shutdown of giant steel plants and no

effective research for utilization of local resources of iron.

Therefore, in this study, factors behind the poor performance of steel sector of the country and

possible research to best utilize the local resources such as Dilband iron ore are discussed.

Keywords; Review on iron and steel, ore beneficiation, steel plants shutdown, Dilband iron ore,

froth floatation process and steel production

MP-206




___________________________________________________________________


Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement Limited

S.M. Imran, Director (Project)

Power Cement Limited

Abstract

Cement plays a key role in our lives. It is a basic material for all types of construction, including

housing, roads, schools, hospitals, dams and ports. In Pakistan the cement domestic consumption

per capita is still low (~171 kg) compared to global average (~>500 kg) and regional average

(~>220kg). Housing policy of the new government to construct 5 million housing units during the

next five years is expected to be the major demand-driving factor along with the energy,

transportation infrastructure and industrial cooperation projects under the China Pakistan

Economic Corridor (CPEC). Therefore, many cement manufacturers are expanding their market

shares in the emerging market scenario. Likewise, Power Cement Limited (PCL) is expanding its

cement production capacity by putting up a new integrated state of the art cement plant having

7700 tpd clinker capacity. The new line will be close to its existing two lines located in Nooriabad

which is at a distance of about 80 kilometers from Karachi.

PCL is a unit of Arif Habib Group. Arif Habib Group holds interests in the securities brokerage,

investment and financial advisory, investment management, commercial banking, commodities,

and private equity, cement and fertilizer industries.

Cement is produced from burning a mixture of cancerous and siliceous material with smaller

amounts of alumina (Al2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) together at high temperature. Raw material

reserves, suitable for cement manufacturing, are available in abundant quantities near the PCL

plant.

This paper describes mineral resources and their demand for cement manufacturing at PCL, taking

into account the dynamics and the trends in the economy of raw materials. It presents the

importance of mineral resources in the cement manufacturing, and the importance of mineral

resources that are critical for economical cement production.

The main considerations presented in this paper relate to the sustainable development of the

quarries, the ones that will significantly shape the development of quarries in the future operation

of the PCL cement plants.

MP-207

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/mineral-resources

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/sustainable-development



___________________________________________________________________


There is a need to conserve limestone used in cement production. More effective quarrying

methods can contribute to increased sustainability in the process of making OPC. Therefore, In

order to ensure the availability of adequate quantity and quality of limestone and shale/clay, a

detailed exploration program was developed for evaluation of raw material deposit, planning and

designing of raw materials’ quarry faces. Core drilling was carried out at different locations for

extensive sampling for studies and appropriate mine planning to blend high-grade with low-grade

raw materials for increasing the life of the raw materials’ reserves.

PCL new production line will be equipped with the real time mechanism for proportioning of raw

materials to ensure proper blending of raw materials without compromising on the quality of

cement.

PCL production line is also equipped with blending of various types of coal to ensure sustainability

in the utilization of coal.

Keywords: Mineral Resources, PCl, Sustainable.



___________________________________________________________________


Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral based industrial sector of Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Viqar Husain

Department of Geology, University of Karachi & Federal Urdu University Karachi, Pakistan

Abstract

The availability of wide range of minerals is a key factor in economic development and essential

for future economic growth of a nation. Though, Pakistan has very extensive and unestimated

reserves of industrial rocks like marble, granite, limestone and dolomite. While, Pakistan’s rich

inventory of industrial minerals include huge deposits of gypsum, rock salt, rock phosphate, barite,

silica sand, fire and China clay, magnesite and soapstone with estimated reserves of several billion

tons to over 20 million tons respectively. Besides, one of the world’s largest lignite to sub-

bituminous coal deposits with estimated reserves of 186 billion tons occur in Pakistan, but its

annual production is only 4 million tons. Country’s metallic minerals wealth comprises medium

to large size deposits of chromite, lead-zinc, copper and gold. While, Pakistan’s north-western part

of Himalaya is gifted with good quality and large deposits precious and semiprecious stones.

Despite rich mineral wealth, Pakistan’s mining and processing industries remain backward. As a

result annual mineral production in the country is far lower than their size of reserves available in

the country. It is also evident from the mineral production data for 2014-2015 that limestone and

gypsum with annual output of 46 and 19 million tons are in greater demand by domestic cement

and construction industries. The marble production is about 3 million tons per anum, and rest of

the industrial minerals production mostly ranges between1.0 to 0.5 million tons. The challenges

before the Government and policy makers are revising the mining laws, providing financial and

technological inputs and necessary infrastructure to create opportunities for local and foreign

private investors to launch large scale mining and mineral based industrial plants for ensuring

greater self-sufficiency.

Keywords: Mineral wealth, development, mining, mineral based industries, self-reliance.

MP-208



___________________________________________________________________


A theoretical study of transport behavior of particle species in fluidized bed separators

*Naveed H. Syed, Naseer A. Khan

1, 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan.

[email protected]

Abstract

Study of transport mechanism of solid particle species in fluidized bed separators is an important

area of research in mineral processing industry. A theoretical investigation has been carried out to

examine the transport behavior of solid particle species in fluidized bed separators using a

computational segregation-dispersion model under continuous process conditions. Simulations

were performed for a multicomponent system comprising particle species of size ranging -2.0 +

0.25 mm with similar densities equal to 2450 kg/m3. For a continuous system, there was a

continuous supply of feed from a feed inlet point. Similarly, the solid particles moved out of the

system in the underflow and overflow. The transport/separation of particle species has been

demonstrated by producing partition curves from the simulation data. The simulation results

accurately predicted the movement of solid particles within the fluidized bed by showing the larger

particle species with higher settling velocities discharging from the base of the fluidized bed,

whereas the smaller particles with lower settling velocities moved out in the overflow. Total solid

volume fraction within the fluidized bed under dynamic and steady state conditions has also been

demonstrated. The study was further extended to examine the transport behavior of particle species

in a fluidized bed separator incorporating inclined channels, a newly developed device for coal

beneficiation and mineral processing.

Key words: Dispersion, fluidization, partition curves, mineral processing.

MP-209



___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis Of Copper acetate metallic Nanoparticles Using Cruciferous

Vegetables

Kanwal Zohra*, G.Zuhra Memon

Dr. M.A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract

Nanotechnology is very vital field of research it includes nanoscience the study of the phenomena

at 1-100nm and also includes Nanomaterials those which have structured components with at least

one dimension less than 100nm. Nanoparticles can be made by using various physiochemical

methods, their synthesis using non toxic and environmentally begnin biological methods are

attractive specially if they are intended for invasive applications in medicine ,several routes are

developed for biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles from salt of the corresponding metals[1-

5].Micro-organisms whole plant ,plant extract ,plant tissue and fruits ,plant extract marine Algae

have been used to produce nanoparticles [6-8]. In this study the Cu nanoparticles were synthesized

using cruciferous vegetables. The fabricated nanoparticles were characterized using different

analytical techniques. Finally the synthesized Cu nanoparticles were applied in catalytic activity,

nanostructures are more active catalyst than their solid counterparts towards the electrochemical

reactions. Nanoparticles exhibit enhanced catalytic activity, the catalytic properties of metal

nanoparticles were examined by the analysis of the kinetic of the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.Colour

of solution changes from pale yellow to tight yellow, due to formation of 4-nitrophenolate ions.

Key words: Cu nanoparticles; cruciferous vegetables; catalytic activity; 4- nitro phenol.

MP-210



___________________________________________________________________


Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite system

in presence of C2+ Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of ligand.

Abro M. I., Pathan A. G., Lagari A. J, Khatri U. A., Channa S. A., and Mukesh K

Abstract

Separation of ultrafine hematite from quartz and kaolinite gangue minerals using selective

flocculation technique is markedly affected by the state of inter mineral interaction which is

governed by type and content of polyvalent metal ions. This study has shown that state of strong

interaction of gangue minerals with hematite due to presence of C2+ Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions can be

weakened by addition of optimal dose of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) ligand. The

optimization of ligand dose is achieved through analysis of zeta potential (ZP) as a function of

slurry pH.

Keywords: hematite; quartz; kaolinite; SHMP, EDTA, metal ions

MP-211



___________________________________________________________________


Designing production flowline using Heuristic techniques. A case study at Zeal

Pak Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) Hyderabad

Yasir Hashmi, Prof. Dr. Abdul Salam Soomro, Hammad Hashmi

Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan


Abstract

Heuristics has always been a vital method of decision making it enables us to make choices among

number of options. There are many techniques in Heuristics that have been used in many sectors

of science like computer software development, statistics and engineering. Various techniques

have been discovered with the research in Heuristics, this research work is particularly based on a

technique named as Ranked Positional Weight. In this research work flowline of a cement factory

has been redesigned to increase the efficiency of system which leads to increased productivity and

more profits. Results shown that it is not mandatory that Ranked Positional Weight increases the

efficiency of system though it helps in providing us enough knowledge regarding flaws of the

system which enables us in taking better decisions and modify them to achieve increased

productivity.

Keywords: Heuristic, Line balancing, Decision making

MP-212




___________________________________________________________________


Development and Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite by Freeze-Drying

Method.

Maheera Abdul Ghani, Ehsan Ul Haq , Gul Hameed ,Sidrah Majeed .

University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan.


Abstract

Problem associated with nano-particles is that these are more reactive and convert to bulk particles

more readily. Freeze drying method can be a good technique to improve the shelf life of NANO-

particles. In this study nano-hydroxyapatite powder was successfully prepared through sol gel

assisted with freeze drying method. This method resulted in a Nano-hydroxyapatite with increased

shelf life and controlled particle size. Calcium Nitrate tetra hydrate and phosphoric acid with few

drops of ammonia are the precursors for synthesis of hydroxyapatite. The solution was freezed at

-40 C and then dried in vacuum for 24 hrs. Secondly, freeze drying method was used by lowering

temperature as well as applying vacuum, simultaneously, for Nano-HAP particles production. The

prepared NANO-HAP powder was used to coat a titanium sample with varying time by dip coating

method assisted by ultrasonic bath. Through FTIR the molecular composition of the prepared

NANO-HAP powder was studied. The crystalline phase, determined by XRD shows that the

particle or crystallite size is of 4-6nm. Microstructure, chemical composition, morphology, opted

by SEM/EDS indicate that due to high vacuum, solution converts into porous body. In order to

determine the effectiveness of the process, the nano particles were coated on titanium metal

substrate. Frictional properties of nano-hydroxyapatite coated titanium were characterized by

tribological analysis. Adhesion and mechanical properties of coating was determined by NANO-

indentation and scratch test. It has been concluded that freeze-drying can be used for nanoparticle

production with greater stability and low particle size. Hence, coating titanium with nano-HAP

makes the coating properties better.

Keywords: Nano-particles, particle size, freeze drying, nano-hydroxyapatite, coated titanium

MP-213




___________________________________________________________________


Occupational Exposure to Mercury among the workers in a lighting product

manufacturing Factory, SITE Industrial Area, Karachi, Pakistan.

Dr Uzma Rashid , Dr Nusrat Jalbani, Farooq Ahmed Khan

Abstract

Mercury is the global pollutant and is distributed in the natural environment, even low doses of

mercury are toxic. Exposure to mercury can occur from breathing contaminated air, or from

improper use or disposal of mercury and mercury-containing objects, for example, after spills of

elemental mercury or improper disposal of fluorescent light bulbs. With the fast growth in the

market of fluorescent lamps, the associated risk of mercury exposure, which is an essential

component in all types of fluorescent lamps, has received increasing public attention worldwide.

In this study 120 urine samples were collected from the employees working in different units of

fluorescent factory like MMD, QCD, Store and TL. Levels of mercury were estimated with

Mercury analyzer unit equipped with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer following the

conversion of all the mercury to atomic mercury vapor.

A simple method was developed and validated using standard addition technique with 95%

recovery. The results showed alarming levels of mercury in the workers urine samples and 92%

samples were beyond the normal range of 10 ppb in 24 hours collected urine samples. The health

consequences of occupational exposure to mercury in factory employees were also monitored

through monitoring some prominent symptoms in terms of their neuro behavioral status; when

interviewed.

This study also reinforces the need for effective preventive programs for florescent lamp industry

work places especially in developing countries with the lowest unhygienic work conditions.

Keywords: Mercury, Lighting product, Industrial Area, Environment, Health.

MP-214

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescent_light_bulb



___________________________________________________________________


ENERGY MINERAL

(EM)



___________________________________________________________________


Thermal Conversion Technologies of Biomass to Gaseous Fuel.

Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup

Abstract

The talk focusses on thermal conversion technologies of biomass to gaseous fuel. Various case

studies are highlighted ranging from potential of palm wastes, co-gasification of palm wastes with

plastics, and utilization of coal bottom ash as the catalyst for the production of syngas. Gasification

involves thermal conversion of carbonaceous materials at elevated temperatures in the presence of

gasifying agent such as nitrogen, steam or oxygen in partial or in pure form. Solid residue known

as char and liquid by products that is rich in oxygenated compound are presence as the by-products

of gasification process. The syngas produced can be used to support Fisher Tropsch process.

Gasification is mainly used for power generation. Types of gasifiers include fixed bed, moving

bed, fluidized bed and entrained flow are presented.

Keywords: Biomass, Gaseous fuel, thermal Conversion.

EM-301



___________________________________________________________________


Technologies for dehydrogenation of light Alkane to Light Olefin: A

comprehensive Review

Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz

SABIC Technology & Innovation

Lead Scientist

Abstract

The dehydrogenation of light alkanes, especially propane and butane, is widely exploited for the

large-scale production of corresponding olefins. The industrial application of the direct

dehydrogenation of light alkanes is limited due to reaction and thermodynamic constraints. The

dehydrogenation of light hydrocarbons involves the breaking of two carbon–hydrogen bonds with

the simultaneous formation of a hydrogen and carbon-carbon double bond selectively. It may

appear to be simple, but their endothermic nature and selectivity control at higher temperature is

difficult. The same technologies with minor changes in process and catalyst were used for the

production of both propane and isobutane dehydrogenation. The economic analysis of the available

technologies based on the specific consumption of feedstock, operational ease, and capital

investment indicates an internal rate of return ~25%. The attractiveness of light alkane

dehydrogenation is largely dependent on the difference in feedstock and the price of olefins

produced. The available technologies and how they manage reaction constraints at commercial

scale have been compared. The possible solution for improvement is by focusing on catalyst

improvements and the unique design of reactors.

Keywords: dehydration, Hydrocarbons, review.

EM-302



___________________________________________________________________


Post combustion CO2 capture through PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber membrane

module with sweep gas

M. Younas, A. Muhammad, G. Gong, J. Li

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, P.O. Box

814, University Campus, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan

State key lab of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, China


Abstract

Emission of CO2 in atmosphere has adverse environmental effects such as global warming. There

is a definite need for development of less energy intensive separation processes for removal of

CO2 from flue gases. In the last few decades, hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) have

been emerged as new modules that provide the surface of contact between two phases. In these

contactors CO2 contaminated gas flows on one side of membrane while air (sweep gas) with a low

concentration of CO2 is allowed to flow on other side.

However, microporous hydrophobic membrane which is non-selective for CO2/N2 provides week

driving force in terms of partial pressure difference. Moreover, reverse O2 flow also lowers the

efficiency. On the other hand, dense selective membrane for CO2/N2 need high operating pressure.

It was desired to synthesise the microporous selective membrane for CO2/N2 which should operate

on atmospheric pressure and results in high efficiency for CO2 capture.

The current research work is focussed on the synthesis of microporous hollow fiber membranes

produces from PVDF with PDMS as selective layer. Various hollow fiber membranes were

produced of PVDF with 2, 6 and 10 wt % of PDMS casting solution. Similarly, PDMS tri-layer

on PVDF substrate with 1, 10 and 20 minutes time for 3rd layer reaction were also produced. The

membranes were tested for CO2/N2 capture with sweep gas counter currently with 1 bar, 1.5 bar

and 2 bar operating pressure. A mass transfer and fluid flow model were also developed for

description of CO2 removal from post combustion flue gas with air as sweep gas in a hollow-fiber

membrane contactor. Computational fluid dynamics technique is used for numerical simulation of

the HFMC module to develop the detailed concentration and pressure profiles and to investigate

the effects of operating parameters on efficiency.

EM-303



___________________________________________________________________


Simulation was performed to investigate the transfer of CO2 from inside fiber to shell side of

hollow fiber membrane contactor. Concentration profile of CO2 was studied and plotted. It was

observed that CO2 concentration is increasing along the flow path in permeate because of the

continuous transfer of CO2 from feed to permeate

Keywords: Hollow fiber membrane contactor; Post combustion CO2 capture; Sweep gas; CFD



___________________________________________________________________


The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future

Dr. Mahmood Saleem Director Centre for Coal Technology

University of Punjab, Lahore

Abstract

Pakistan possesses huge untapped coal reserves. Incorporated in its energy mix, the indigenous

coal shall reduce reliance on imported energy leading to improved balance of payments. The

development of coal sector shall create many jobs and business. This talk shall cover the present

status of coal utilization along with its future possibilities and challenges.

Keywords: indigrnous coal, National Energy, future prospects.

EM-304



___________________________________________________________________


Extraction and characterization of humic acid extracted from Pakistani coals Prof. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada

Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan

Abstract

Humic acid (HA), is considered as the black gold of agriculture, gradually becoming popular for

use in agriculture. This study deals with the extraction and characterization of HAs from coal

samples of Lakhra and Thar. The coal samples were initially oxidized with 2% HNO3 and then

treated with 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 N NaOH solutions for the extraction of HAs. The 0.5 concentration

of NaOH was found to be the optimum for the extraction of HA. The extracted HA was

investigated for its quantitative assessment through gravimetric and UV-Vis spectrophotometer

procedures. The gravimetric method showed 26.6 to 20.0% of HA extraction from the specific

coal samples, whereas more quantity of HA was indicated by UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis.

FTIR studies of extracted HA samples have shown the distinct clear absorption bands indicating

the presence of major functional groups carboxylic, phenols, alcoholic, and amines. This study

could be useful for selection of suitable coals for extraction of humic acids.

keywords: FTIR; humic acid; Pakistani coals; UV and FT-IR Spectrophotometery

EM-305



___________________________________________________________________


Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of

Pakistan

Danish Jawed, Muhammad Shoaib Ahmed Ansari, Muzzammil Shehnoz Khatri,

Shagufta Ishteyaque*

Department of Chemical Engineering-University of Karachi-Karachi, Pakistan


Abstract

Energy Crises in Pakistan causing public unrest with long outages of electricity , gas and petrol.

Therefore, there is need of a refinery having low capital cost investment. To resolve the problems

related to production of motor fuel/diesel crude refinery unit having Zeolite based catalytic

arrangement is proposed. Catalytic cracking process based on Zeolite containing catalyst is low

cost technology . However in most of the existing Refineries of Pakistan is based on Platforming

process with platinium catalyst for the production of Gasoline which is based on high capital and

operating cost. That process uses metals likes Platinum, Palladium and other heavy metals which

are hazardous for environment. Further, proposed unit construction cost 8-10 million US Dollar

for a capacity of 50000 tons/year while a Platforming Unit cost 15-20 million US Dollar for a same

unit capacity. In comparison with reforming unit our proposed design is characterized by lower

amount of aromatic/saturated hydrocarbon, particularly benzene.

Keywords: Catalytic cracking, Environment, Cost-effective ,Zeolite and platinium

EM-306



___________________________________________________________________


Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation

Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain

Director, Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC)

Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Karachi, Pakistan

Email of author: [email protected]

Abstract

When we talk about the development of power stations based on sub bituminous coals, it is

important to take into account certain characteristics of coals that require special consideration

when selecting the type of equipment for mining and power generation, e.g. high moisture content

will reduce the efficiency of power generation and add to the cost of capital for the equipment

required to burn the coal. Fluidized Bed Combustion is a proven technology for low-grade coal

combustion for producing power. In addition, it helps in achieving a significant reduction of

pollutant emission as well greenhouse gases. One of the potential objective of this talk is focused

on utilization of low-grade coal from Thar, which is to be used in a circulating fluidized bed

combustor (CFBC). In order to investigate the suitability of coal for combustion, it is necessary to

understand the its fluidization as well as thermal behavior before it could be commercially utilized

in large coal power plants. Smart Combustion of low grade of coal and is a relatively new area. Its

applications in fluidized bed boilers is associated with many technical issues related to fuel and

need investigation. A lab-scale cold CFBC test rig was built at the NFCIET Multan for

understanding the fluidization behavior. Influence of fluidizing air on the fluidization behavior

was observed. It was found that voidage along the riser height is affected by riser geometry. The

influence of the fluidizing air on the combustion performance was examined and their effect on

emissions was established. The temperature in the riser of the CFB rose quickly to around 900°C.

This rise in temperature has caused an increase in the amount of exhaust gasses, which has their

influence on the suspension density. From this study, a firsthand experience of combustion

behavior of low-grade Pakistani coals is documented.

Keywords: circulating fluidized bed (CFB); combustion; fluidization; low-grade coal;

temperature profile.

EM-307




___________________________________________________________________


Efficient Energy Management of Low Rank Coal to tackle its Quality

Problems.

Engr Yunus

HOD/Senior Manager Quality Control

Askari Cement Limited

Abstract

Coal is the main source of thermal energy in the world and its deposits are spread all over the

globe, but almost half of the world's coal reserves i.e.500 billion tons are of low quality having

the High Moisture, high Ash, High Sulphur, Low Volatile Matters or low Calorific Value.

Therefore, Coal quality up-gradation has been the hot research area for hundreds of researchers.

The Talk will cover the integrated approach to simultaneously tackle the problems of low quality

coals through engineering practices & Management tools. The talk is based on the research work

done by the Speaker on commercial/Industrial scale. The results of the research work are

tremendous and very much encouraging for the future work. The talk will cover the methodology

used for the tackling the LRC problems and the results attained from the research. The

methodology is Green & Sustainable as there is no Chemical, Mechanical or Separation involved

and with Zero waste of coal during process. This is the green treatment of low quality coal. The

coston process of coal is less than 0.50 USD per ton, whereas, the saving in terms of coal quality

enhancement is 9.5 USD per ton. This research opens doors for utility of about 500 billion tons of

low quality coal around the globe, having worth of 5.8 ten trillion USD.

Keywords: coal, energy management, Quality problems.

EM-308



___________________________________________________________________


Lakhra Coal is also a resource of Minerals

Professor Tasneem G Kazi

National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro

Abstract

The mineral matter in coal determines its utility in nearly all its commercial uses, that’s why its

quantification is important. Transition metals in coal have diverse modes of occurrence that greatly

influence their behavior in many coal utilization processes. The present study investigates the

details on the aspects of Coal quality such as proximate and ultimate analysis of Lakhra coal field

Sindh. With extensive mining and combustion of coal, the metals like (Cr, Fe and Mn), deposited

in fly ash disperse into the surrounding environment and contaminate the air, soil and surface as

well as the ground water resources of the region. Current study shows that the Total contents of

Iron, chromium and manganese in three mining areas, (Irfan Coal company, Indus Coal Company

and PMDC). The high amount of Cr, Fe and Mn contents in laboratory made ash might give

information to use it for other industrial purpose, instead of dumping, which creates adverse impact

on groundwater reservoirs.

Keywords: Mineral Resources, Lakhra Coal.

EM-309



___________________________________________________________________


Thar Coal Present and Future Prospects

Engr. Faisal Iqbal

Production Manager Sindh Engro Coal Mining Company

Abstract

Coal is at present world's fastest growing fuel, particularly in the developing countries. Coal's

importance can be judged from the fact that it provides 26% of primary energy and 40% of world

electricity supply. Pakistan's major known coal reserves are located in the province of Sindh,

specifically in Thar, estimated at 175.5 billion tons which account for the bulk of Pakistan's total

reserves, estimated at 185 billion tons. Other coal deposits of significance in Sindh are located at

Sonda (Jharruk) 5.5 billion tons and Lakhra (Dadu) 1.33 billion tons. Current estimated value of

the Thar coal deposits is S 8 trillion and if converted into energy its values comes to $25 trillion.

It has the potential to generate 100,000 MW of electricity for 300 years. Pakistan is 6th largest

coal rich country in the world and the aggregate energy potential of these resources is more than

the combined energy potential of the resources that Saudi Arabia and Iran possess.

GoP is committed to increase substantially the share of coal in Pakistan's current energy mix.

Under the Vision 2030 strategic plan, Pakistan's coal power generation is planned to be increased

from present 200 MW (which is about 1 % of total power generation) to 1060 MW by 2010 and

to 19,910 MW by 2030. Also share of coal in the overall energy mix is planned to be increased

from 5% to 19% by 2030 and to 50% by 2050. The exploitation of cheaply available indigenous

coal would help Pakistan benefit in two ways. Firstly it would help achieve objective of self

reliance and relieving burden of costly oil imports and secondly to generate power, as a least cost

solution.

Keywords: Coal, Power Generation, Energy Potential & Energy Mix.

EM-310



___________________________________________________________________


Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal and Vertical Well

Asad Ahmed Memon, Assistant Professor Naveed Ahmed Ghirano

Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan

[email protected]

Abstract

Most of the wells in oil and gas industry are vertical well. These wells have low risk in terms of

its construction and maintenance while horizontal drilling is very popular in oil and gas industry.

Horizontal wells are drilled to enhance production and performance of well by providing wide

range of well bore with reservoir. Horizontal and vertical wells though have number of advantages

but there are some disadvantages also one of them is skin. Skin is basically measure of amount of

damage around the well bore. Damage near well bore may cause by fine migration, wet ability

reverse, solid plugging, drilling fluid etc. Intensity of Positive skin (damage) ranges from 0 to 50

while intensity of negative skin (improvement) ranges from -0 to -5. It is estimated that production

from two third of horizontal and vertical wells are reduced because of skin. For to minimize

formation damage reactive solution of chemicals either Hydro Caloric Acid or Hydro Fluoric Acid

technique is used known as acidizing. The objectives of this paper are to Estimate Skin Damage

in Horizontal and vertical well by modeling of reservoir using prosper, find Recoverable

productivity factor from horizontal well as well as vertical well, comparative analysis between

vertical improved permeability to Horizontal improved permeability and what percentage

acidizing job required in each well i-e horizontal well and vertical well.

The Research methodology is to first collect information/data from fields regarding formation

damage in vertical well and horizontal well having the same reservoir then by using simulation

base software (Prosper) comparative analysis between horizontal well and vertical well take place.

As the advance methods are required in order to make the wellbore scenario safe and economically

feasible the industries are working and researching on the application of new methodology to

remove skin damage around the wellbore.

Keywords: Completion, Wellbore, Plugging, Acidizing.

EM-311




___________________________________________________________________


Performance Evaluation of Biodesiel from Waste Cooking Oil

Abid Ali Khaskheli

Abstract

Increasing environmental concerns, such as consumption of finite fossil fuel resources, extensive

greenhouse gas emissions, throughout the world have forced the policymakers to look for the

cheaper, reliable and secure sources of energy. Fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas are having

limited supplies and are depleting very fast to be exhausted soon. Both the energy security and

environmental concerns have resulted into inclination towards the renewable energy sources. The

biodiesel does not contain petroleum, but it can be blended with petrodiesel, and recently becoming

an essential fuel around the world. Under this study, the biodiesel was produced by using cheaper

waste cooking oil, collected from the local market of Nawabshah city in Pakistan. The collected

waste oil was converted into biodiesel by Trans-esterification process at PCSIR Laboratory,

Karachi. The fuel samples were tested in bed diesel engine unit (DWE-6/10-JS-DV) at the

Thermodynamics Laboratory of Quaid-e-Awam University, Nawabshah. The performance of the

biodiesel was evaluated based on exhaust emissions and noise and it was compared with the

conventional diesel fuel and the biodiesel blends. The comparative analysis of the performance

parameters concluded that the brake thermal efficiency of blend 30% biodiesel + 70% diesel (B30)

was decreased by 4.75% and emission of CO2 was reduced 0.37% that of conventional diesel fuel.

Keywords: Cooking oil, Biodiesel, waste oil.

EM-312



___________________________________________________________________


Parametric investigation dibenzothiophene removal from Pakistani low rank

coal using native microorganism.

Abdul Sattar Jatoi, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail Ahmed Soomro

Department of Chemical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering & Techmology, Jamshoro 76062

Sindh Paksiatn

email: [email protected]

Abstract

Coal combustion emits many harmful gases, causing huge problems to the environment. Among

these gases, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide maintain stability in alleviating

environmental problems. The pollution caused by coal combustion is the biggest problem in the

current use of coal, and it is also the biggest constraint to the increase in the use of coal. Sulfur

emissions from coal combustion are considered to be the main cause of acid rain. There is no cost-

effective technology for desulphurization of coal, but biotechnology may provide solutions. Sulfur

emissions harmful to the environment and human health after coal combustion. It is necessary to

explore economic and environmental technologies, namely biotechnology. Current work focus on

degradation of dibenzothiophene couple with parametric effect. Rhodococcus speci was ultilized

as bio-catalyst for conversion DBT(dibenzothiophene) into 2-HBP (hydroxybiphenyl) followed

by 4S-Pathway.The isolate could degrade 0.26 mM DBT through the 4S pathway within 6 days.

Preliminary studies for sulphur removal using isolate indicated Pakistani coal to be more amenable

(61% sulphur removal) followed by Lignite (9.2%). Different operational parameters include pH,

Temperature, Rpm, pulp density and different carbon source. The maximum degradation of DBT

compound into 2-HBP by utilizing 30 oC, 160 rpm, 15pulp density and glucose as carbon source.

This could suggest that isolate Rhodococcus speci had ability to degrade DBT compound from

coal.

Key words: Bio-degradation, dibenzothiophene, Pakistani low rank coal, native microorganism

EM-313




___________________________________________________________________


Facile Organic Ligand Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOX

Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production

Umair Aftab, Muhammad Ishaque Abro, Muhammad Moazam Baloch, Sirajuddin Khan

1- Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan

2- University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan


Abstract

In recent years, much effort has been devoted to the study of molybdenum based nanostructures

specially oxides and sulphides due to their unique catalytic and electronic properties. These

nanostructures have significant applications in sensors, optical device applications and

electrochemical energy production. The potential application for higher hydrogen evolution of

these nanostructure could not exploited yet due to poor conductivity, limited surface area, and

phase transformation during reaction. It is therefore highly acknowledged in the literature that

efforts are required to produce the molybdenum oxide/ molybdenum sulphide nanostructures

having sharp surface edges so that electrochemical reaction at applicable rate can be achieved.

Therefore present work aims to synthesize MoSX-MoOX nanocomposites in presence of organic

ligand (adrenaline) for enhanced catalytic properties. The optimal MoSX-MoOX nanocomposite

synthesized using 25mg adrenaline, hereinafter referred as ATAD-25, showed stable low

overpotentials (500 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4. ATAD-25 also

exhibited larger effective electrochemical active surface area (7.5 mF cm-2) due to the presence of

nano features in the structure.

Keywords: molybdenum oxide, molybdenum sulphide, Nanocomposites, Surface Area,

Hydrogen.

EM-314




___________________________________________________________________


Mineralogical and microstructural characterization of carbonate rocks of

lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

Abdul Majeed Shar, Waheed Ali Abro, Asad Ali Narejo, Kung Sang Lee.

Petroleum Engineering department NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi,

Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University South Korea

Minstry of Petroleum and Natural resources Geological survey of Pakistan


Abstract

Characterization of carbonate reservoir rocks is essential for production forecasting and reservoir

management. Production from low permeability carbonate reservoirs is very challenging, due to

the fact that the oil and gas are held in tight rock formations having poor pore connectivity. Another

problem with carbonates rocks is their severe heterogeneity. For production from such low

permeability rocks at commercial rates, it is essential to determine the key properties i.e. the rock

mineralogy and their microstructure. For this reason, the carbonate samples were collected from

Jakkar area of Balochistan lower Indus basin. The experiments performed include the Quantitative

X-ray diffraction (QXRD), Scanning electron microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray

Spectroscopy. The results revealed that the carbonates contain the minerals and is dominated by

quartz, and microcline also associated with small quantity of other minerals. The microstructure

examination showed the two different types of pores in the range of micro to nanometer size

(250µm to 60nm). Hence, this manuscript provides a comprehensive investigation of the

microstructural and mineralogical characteristics of carbonate rocks of lower Indus basin Pakistan.

Key words: Lower Indus Basin; tight rocks, mineral composition; microstructure.

EM-315




___________________________________________________________________


Ahsan Ali1, Suhail A. Soomro2, Sanwal Hussain3

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran Univeristy of Engineering Technology Jamshoro Pakistan

Abstract

Kaolin or china clay is not only composed of single mineral, although it contains hydrated

aluminum silicate minerals kaolinite about (85 to 95%) with minor amount of quartz, mica also

Some time possess montmorillonite, feldspar and other clay minerals. In kaolin there is presence

of alumina in good percentage and alumina has vast technological and industrial applications. In

Pakistan many industries pay out huge amount of money & pay heavy taxes on imports. Synthesis

of gamma alumina from indigenous kaolin plays an important role for boast the economy of

Pakistan. The current work is concentrated on the recovery of value added product from kaolin in

order to achieve this gamma alumina was synthesized. . Kaolin samples have been collected from

Nagar Parker mining sites. The raw clay was beneficiated, Metakaolinized ,Dealuminated and

crystallized . Formless aluminum hydroxide was precipitated from the aluminum sulfate using

NaOH solution as the precipitating agent. Mineralogical, physiochemical and morphological

analyses of the products were carried out using XRF and XRD . The A produced was subjected to

thermal treatment of variable calcination temperatures at 300,600 & 900°C. Gradual phase

alteration was observed, a fully formed gamma alumina phase was observed at 900°C.

Keywords: Nagar parker, Gamma alumina, Nano Size material, Raw Kaolin.

Synthesis of Gamma Alumina by Using Acid Treatment from Nagar Parker

Kaolin

EM-316



___________________________________________________________________


Effictive and Environmental Friendly Utilization of Biomass, coal and Lignite

Briquettes

Sanwal Hussain, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz, Ahsan Ali and Naveed Ali.

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro

Pakistan

Abstract

Coal is available globally in abundance and is a major source of energy in many countries. Lignite

coal is one type of coal that emit pollutants and have adverse impacts on environment. As Pakistan

also have huge deposits of lignite coal. It is necessary to utilize coal in environmentally friendly

manner. In this research, efforts have been taken to prepare low emission coal briquettes. Lignite

coal from Lakhara mine in Sindh, Pakistan and locally available plastic and bio waste materials

(PET bottles, polythene bags, sawdust, rice husk) are used. Materials were carbonized and

pulverized and blended in varying proportions with limestone dust. The blended samples were

characterized by testing for, ignition and heating value, moisture content, volatile matter and ash

content using proximate and ultimate analysis. During emission analysis the maximum amount of

CO were observed in B90 (90% coal+10% lime dust and binder) and the lowest value of CO were

observed in B10 (10% coal+70% biomass 10% plastic and 10 % lime dust and binder). The highest

value of Sulphur dioxide SO2 is observed in B90 (90% coal + 10% limedust and binder) and the

lowest value of SO2 is observed in B10 (10% coal+70% biomass 10% plastic and 10 % lime dust

and binder). The samples having larger amount of coal burns longer as compared to low amount

of coal in their composition. The blended materials used by this technique are good alternative to

fuel wood for outdoor and indoor cooking and for mitigation of deforestation, desertification, and

environmental pollution and degradation. Recycling of the plastic waste into refuse-derived fuel

by incorporation in production of these bio coal briquettes shows great technique to waste

management.

Keywords: coal, biomass, plastic, heating value, lakhra, lignite, proximate and ultimate analysis

EM-317



___________________________________________________________________


TECHNOLOGICAL

ADVANCE MATERIAL

(TAM)



___________________________________________________________________


Monitoring of Water Pollutants via Nanomaterials

Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin

National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of Sindh, Jamshoro

Abstract

Nanotechnology is considered as most influential and electrifying amalgam field and spread over

many scientific disciplines including Engineering, Physics, Electronics, Chemistry, Biology,

Pharmacy, Biotechnology, Environment, Microbiology and so on via sturdy but springy networks.

Despite its uncountable contributions in numerous fields, it plays crucial role in environmental

safety to curtail or omit the hazardous threats to living beings under its congenital covering.

Incredible and mind blowing applications of this extraordinary and amazing technology have been

explored regarding the elimination, reduction and demolition of contaminants especially for

establishment of safer aquatic environment in order to make the polluted water suitable for

drinking or other usage. Numerous imminent properties of nanoscale materials are based on their

outstandingly tiny sizes with larger surface areas and peculiar shapes that rare associated with their

unique catalytic properties as demonstrated in copious reports. All remediation and purification

approaches for harmless aquatic environment are principally reliant on authentic, accurate,

exceptionally sensitive and extremely selective diagnostic procedures to monitor extremely level

of pollutants. In other words, aqueous safety is basically dependent on extremely accurate

detection tool or technique for toxicants. Numerous reports disclose that nanomaterials play crucial

role in monitoring of pollutants on account of their congenital catalytic nature, greener aspects and

outstanding sensitivity owing to tiny sizes with great surface areas and shape dependency.

Nanomaterials based sensors are significantly applied for environmental detection of impurities as

they have clear edge over conventional techniques.

In order to prove practicality of sensing nanomaterials it is essential to display simplistic

preparation protocol for metal and metal oxide nanomaterials and their application as rapid, greatly

economical, highly sensitive and extremely selective colorimetric and electrochemical sensors

detection of impurities in various types of waters.

Keyword: Nanomaterials, Synthesis, Colorimetric and electrochemical sensing, Detection of

pollutants in water

TAM-401



___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis of silver impregnated Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene

Oxide By Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its Application’s

Dr Shahid Bhutto

Abstract

The groundwater of Pakistan is highly contaminated and unsafe for drinking purposes because

most of contaminants exceed their standard limit based on the WHO and NEQS (National

Environment Quality Standards). Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have

been reported with enhanced removal properties. The contaminated water with high concentrations

of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were subjected to pass through silver impregnated GO and rGO coated

sand. The microbial load of 10,000 bacteria per ml and Heavy metals 10 ppm for Fe, Cu & Zn and

1 ppm for Pb and Cd maintained water was passed through coated sand. The disinfection of

polluted water observed 100% for one liter per 50 gram of coated sand, which reduced to 77% for

next one liter. Similarly Cu, Fe and Zn removal were observed 97%, 99% and 98% respectively

for first one liter and reduced to 93%, 95% & 92% respectively. On the other hand Pb and Cd

removal were observed excellent around 97% and 99.5% for first one liter and reduced to 91.3%

and 92.7% for next one liter. The enhanced properties of disinfection and heavy metal removal

properties make its application in water treatment feasible. However further research is needed to

reduce the cost of synthesis.

Keywords: Graphene oxide, HUMMERs Method, Silver.

TAM-402



___________________________________________________________________


Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed

Methane Using Finite Element Method Over Pore Pressure Envelop

Ubedullah Ansari, Suhail A. Soomro, Abdul Haque Tunio, Li QingChao, YuanFang Cheng

Mehran University fo Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan

China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China

Abstract

Drilling a horizontal wells at shallow depth is considered to be the most challenging task in drilling

engineering. Whereas coal is found at shallow depths thus there has been various techniques to

conclude the horizontal well under eco1omic and secure conditions. The seriousness for drilling a

horizontal well occur when its horizontal section is to be drilled within coal with presence of

absorbed gas. In such case the wellbore is highly instable and may lead to wellbore failure. In order

to deal with such issue rock mechanical analysis is developed to investigate the desorption limits

of coal and drilling plan is selected accordingly. Thus, this paper presents a numerical

methodology to develop a 3D simulation model based on coupling of subsurface stress field

analysis and finite element technique. The results of this study suggested that the walls of the

wellbore at the boundaries of the horizontal section remain stable with certain pressure

fluctuations. The interpretation of this study provided that wellbore walls could be damaged due

to presence of absorbed gas, therefore taking the advantage of finite element simulation model the

displacement of the walls was estimated which revealed the level of wellbore damage. Further, the

displacement of wellbore walls under stresses are evaluated which presented the collapse occurring

into wellbore and how much it can be avoided. Additionally, the influence of pore compaction is

observed which indicated that pressure anomaly exists in nonlinear pattern. Sub surface pressure

profile is the function of collapse volume, if the pressure magnitude is high the collapse volume

will be higher and if pressure magnitude is lower the collapse volume will be less. Moreover, the

maximum collapse is observed in the direction parallel to vertical stress and minimum is in the

direction perpendicular to vertical stress. The outcome of this study can be considered as the

validation to proposed numerical simulation technique and hence it can be adopted to drill a

horizontal coal bed methane well under secure environment.

Keywords: coal bed Methane, drilling profile, Simulation.

TAM-403



___________________________________________________________________


Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of Toxic

Ions from Aqueous System

Aamna Balouch National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro

Abstract

Imprinting technology is a promising synthetic approach for the synthesis of selective recognition

sites in polymers network with the memory of imprint or template molecules.

The exposure of toxic metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic in water is a serious

environmental and health concern and most dangerous problems globally. Due to continuous

increase in environmental pollution, the development of novel and economically feasible

enrichment techniques or materials for selective separation of these toxic species has been the main

focus of research. These heavy metals, contamination have brought great threat to the human and

ecological environment due to its toxicity at microgram exposure levels. Therefore, an innovative

technique with ion imprinting polymer was developed for efficient and selective removal and

preconcentration of toxic ion from aqueous system.

Keywords: Imprinted polymer, Toxic ions, Aqueous System.

TAM-404



___________________________________________________________________


Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric sensor for detection of trace level

Arsenic 3+

Gul Naz Laghari Baloch1, Sirajuddin1, Syed Tufail Hussain Sherezi1

1 National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76080 Pakistan

Abstract

Arsenic contamination in drinking water and groundwater is becoming a serious worldwide threat

to human. It is associated with a number of diseases such as skin damage or problems with the

circulatory system and high risk of getting cancer. In this Present research work represents an

environmentally friendly synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) in the aqueous medium

without provided inert environment. The UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was employed to

monitor the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) band of functionalized copper

nanoparticles (Cu NPs) based at 573 nm. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for the

size and morphological characterization. The average size of Rano-Cu NPs was found to be 40±2

nm was recorded. Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) demonstrated highly sensitive and selective

colorimetric detection of As3+ in the linear range of 3.3×10-7 to 6×10-6 mol/ L based on the

decreased in intensity with the R² value of 0.989 by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The color change

of Cu NPs with different concentrations of As3+ could make it convenient to be observed by the

bare eyes. The resulting sensor is highly economical, simple compared to other sensors and

sensitive to detect As3+ with a detection limit down to 1.6×10-8 mol/ L. In addition, the Cu NPs

sensor also selectivity in the presence of potentially interfering compounds. Finally, such simple,

convenient, cost-effective, highly selective and sensitive colorimetric sensing assay was

successfully applied in the detection of As3+ in groundwater samples. The developed sensor will

give new opportunity for the applications in health safety as well as environmental monitoring.

Keywords: Copper nanoparticles, Ranolazine, Colorimetric sensor, Arsenic, Localized Surface

Plasmon Resonance and Health safety.

TAM-405



___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis and applications of imprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for

selective removal of aluminum from aqueous matrices

Shahnila Shah1, Huma Shaikh1 and Najma Memon1

1National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro

76080, Pakistan.


Abstract

Aluminum is a nonessential metal to which humans are frequently exposed. Whilst being

environmentally abundant, aluminum is not essential for life. Aluminum has been described as "a

protoplasmic poison and a pernicious and persistent neurotoxin". The central nervous system is a

particular target of the deleterious effects of aluminum metal. The selective removal of aluminum

ions has been extensively investigated by applying several techniques. Among them, the use of

specific polymeric adsorbents has been considered one of the most promising techniques. The aim

of this study was to investigate the usability of macroporous cryogel composite discs for the

purification of environmental and drinking waters from aluminum. Poly (2-hydroxyethyl

methacrylate) (pHEMA) discs were produced via cryogenic treatment. The surface of poly (2-

hydroxyethyl methacrylate) discs was further modified using 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl acrylate

and aluminum imprinted pHEMA was grafted on cryogel discs. Adsorption experiments were

carried out to optimize pH of sample medium, adsorption time, adsorption capacity and selectivity

of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite. The selectivity of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel

composite was evaluated by performing competitive adsorption experiments between Al3+, Fe3+,

Cu2+ and Ni2+. The synthesized material showed excellent selectivity for Al3+ ions even in the

presence of other similar metal ions. Application of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite

has also been checked on real water samples (tap water, river water etc). The fine selectivity of

Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite makes them an eligible candidate for the purification

of drinking water from Al3+ leaving important minerals remained in the water.

Key words: Adsorption, interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN), drinking water, aluminum,

ion imprinting

TAM-406



___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis of Insulin Intercalated Graphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/

Nanocomposite for the Controlled Drug Delivery

Shabana Gul1, Huma Shaikh1, Shahabuddin Memon1, Ayaz Ali Memon1

National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro1

[email protected],

Abstract

Drug delivery system is the process of controlling pharmaceutical drugs to provide a beneficial

outcome in living beings. In this regard, current efforts include the development of targeted drug

delivery systems by applying different functional materials in a manner to increase the absorption

of medication in some specific parts of the body. Different synthetic and natural materials have

contributed significantly to drug delivery. Among synthetic materials hydrogel is one of the most

biocompatible, smart and robust material. Due to high water content, these gels resemble natural

living tissue more than any other type of synthetic biomaterial. For this reason, hydrogels can be

used for site-specific controlled drug delivery.

In this study, Insulin intercalated GO based p-HEMA nanogel Nano-composite (IN@GO

Nanogel/Nano-composite) was prepared where intercalated graphene oxide (GO) is nano-carrier

for the model drug Insulin. Insulin intercalated into the layers of GO and the intercalation process

was mainly driven by the mutual electrostatic interaction. By introducing IN@GO a more compact

GO centered network structure formed for the nanogel. The GO based nanogel/Nano-composite

was thoroughly characterized via SEM/EDS, XRD, DSC Zetasizer and FTIR spectroscopy for

morphology and composition. The swelling study of the nanogel were investigated in Deionized

water and buffer at different pH. Furthermore, the drug loading efficiency and release study at

different pH was analyzed. The drug loading and release pattern of Nanogel at different

physiological conditions revealed that IN@GO/nanogel Nano-composite has better loading

efficiency and release at intestinal condition. Furthermore the IN@GO/nanogel Nano-composite

is more stable towards enzymatic degradation.

Keywords: Nanogel, Sustained drug delivery, Composite, Insulin.

TAM-407




___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis, Characterization and properties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

using different capping agents

Shabana Bhagat*

Abstract

Nanoparticles (Nps) are tiny materials having size ranges from 1 to 100 nm. They can be classified

into different classes based on their properties, shapes or sizes. Nps possess unique physical and

chemical properties due to their high surface area and nanoscale size. Copper oxide nanoparticles

are famous due to their interesting properties, low cost preparation and many potential applications

in catalysis, sensing , electroanalysis and optoelectronics. In this study Copper oxide (CuO)

nanoparticles have been synthesized using glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cupferron and melamine

as capping agent in aqueous medium without using inert gas protection through an assisted

precipitation followed by hydrothermal method. Synthesized CuO Nps were characterized by

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray

diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in order to verify their morphology, size,

crystalline nature and other properties.

Keywords: copper oxide, nanoparticles, capping agents.

TAM-408



___________________________________________________________________


Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomes for Effective Delivery of

CoQ10

Ammara Rasheed, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Mmon

Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan


Abstract

CoQ10 is classified as a fat-soluble vitamin, when described chemically it is a basic quinone

skeleton containing compound having a 10 carbon isoprenyl side chain, exists naturally in oxidised

quinone form, and chemically represented as 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-

benzoquinone. Due to its isoprenoid side chain, CoQ10 is found to be extremely lipophilic. CoQ10

occurs in crystalline state. while crystalline form shows poor water solubility and associated with

bioavailability problems. To improve its bioavailability, we prepared COQ10-loaded

Nanoliposomes (NL) stabilized with graphene oxide by using sonication and magnetic stirring

method. In this study, a liposomal formulation composed of soy Lecithin (LC) and GO was utilized

to encapsulate CoQ10 for oral application. Latest technical developments reveal that encapsulation

of CoQ10 in nanoliposomes esults in a significantly enhanced bioavailability, as Phospholipids

are a major component of al cell membranes. Graphene oxide has been extensively explored as

one of the most promising nanocarrier for biomedical applications due to their unique properties:

two-dimensional planar structure, large surface area, chemical and mechanical stability, superb

conductivity and good biocompatibility. These properties result in promising applications for the

design of advanced drug delivery systems and delivery of a broad range of therapeutics. The

phenomena of bioavailability enhancement by formulations comprising of phospholipids extracted

from plant and stabilized with graphene oxide is a completely innovative strategy for improving

the bioavailability of CoQ10.The liposomes were homogeneous, less than 9 nm in diameter and

had a narrow size distribution.

Keywords: COQ10, particle size, bavailability,liposomes.

TAM-409




___________________________________________________________________


Simulation Of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar Oil Field

Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi1, Muhammad Awais1, Imran Nazir Unar1

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & technology, Jamshoro.

Abstract

‘Water, Water everywhere Water but no drop to drink’, world is wrapping blanket of global

warming rapidly due to depletion of ozone layer which results in scarcity of rain, contaminated

water cycle, melting of glaciers and extremely hot weather in summer around the world, it is all

because of millions of industries expelling their flue gases having carbon in it without treatment

under the nose of international environmental protection agencies. Pakistan, being a third a world

country has limited resources of survival for its individuals to provide them quality standard life

style in which oil production is major GDP boaster, for, which different companies are allotted the

regions to dig and do Like Oil and Gas Development Company Limited (OGDCL).

OGDCL has several plants around the country from which Kunar Oil field has been Diagnosed

and analyzed in this project on advance level of simulation through optimizing the different

parameters like temperature, pressure reflux ratio, composition, flow rate and nature of adsorbents.

ASPEN HYSYS®8.4 was used in this project utilizing Extended NRTL as Fluid package having

mono ethanol amine as solvent in amine absorption process unit to get results having efficiency of

99.8% which is remarkable. It is highly recommended to every oil facility expelling flue gases into

environment to treat them before leaving. This work of study will help researchers and developers

to stop slaughter of atmosphere.

Keywords: Carbon, Simulation, Absorption, Mono Ethyl Amine

TAM-410



___________________________________________________________________


Energy Conservation in Distillation column with PETYLUK Arrangement –

A Simulation based case Study Fahad Hussain Noonari, Imran Nazir Unar, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz


Abstract

Distillation is responsible for a significant amount of energy consumptions of the world’s process

industry and also in natural gas processing. There is significant energy saving potential that can be

obtained by applying new energy saving distillation technology. Petlyuk arrangement (also known

as FTCDS) possesses attractive features of both saving in energy consumption and reduction of

investment cost. The design of (FTCDS) or its thermodynamically equivalent arrangement

(DWC), is more complex than conventional arrangement because of the greater number of degree

of freedom before rigorous simulation all these degree of freedom must be initialized. The main

objective of present research is to reduce the energy over distillation operation mainly in petroleum

refinery through Petyluk Arrangement. An attempt has made to suggest new method over a base

case (conventional case) and proposed case in which FTCDS (Petlyuk arrangement) technique was

used in distillation column were designed on ASPNEN HYSYS®7.1. The comparisons were made

between conventional and proposed case and economic analysis was also conducted. It was finally

concluded that the case study that more than 40% of energy could be saved by implementing

(FTCDS) Petyluk arrangement in distillation column. The initial cost of this arrangement could

also be reduced up to 6%.

Keywords: Energy conversion, Distillation column, PETYLUK arrangement.

TAM-411




___________________________________________________________________


Dimethyl ether production from coal based synthesis gas: process simulation

and modelling - A review

Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro, Fahad Hussain Noonari

Department of Chemical engineering Mehran university of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh,

Pakistan


Abstract

Dimethyl ether (DME) is a clean and multipurpose fuel which can be used to overcome energy

supply demands and reducing global environmental problems. Coal based synthesis gas (CO, H2)

is important source of DME production and it offers exceptional opportunities based on

environmental and economic performance. DME can be utilized as a diesel substitute since it has

high cetane number (55-60). It experiences nearly without smoke burning as a result of its low

auto-start temperature, high oxygen substance and nonattendance of C-C bond in the atomic

structure. DME can likewise utilized as a LPG substitute for domestic applications since it has

comparable properties. Production of DME fuel from coal can be suitable choice for proper

utilization of coal reserves in Pakistan. Coal is first converted in to syngas (CO, H2) through

gasification process then syngas is converted in to DME through liquefaction process. DME

production from syngas requires effective process simulation and modelling in order to get

maximum yield of DME. Process simulation is very useful for design, simulate and optimization

of simple to complex chemical processes. Process simulation model can be used for finding

optimum process conditions for maximum process efficiency and economic analysis of process.

The aim of this research work is to study and compare different production processes for DME

production from coal based synthesis gas.

Keywords: Dimethyl ether, Process simulation, Synthesis gas.

TAM-412



___________________________________________________________________


Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China Clay

and Fly Ash as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study

Manzoor ul haq Rajput1.,Shaheen azi1z, Suhail A.soomro1., Abdul Khaliq Ansari2,Abdul Sattar jatoi3.,

Junaid Ghaffar Korai4.

1Chemical Engineering Department, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro. Sindh,

Pakistan 3Dawood University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan

2,4 Quaid- e - Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawab Shah, Sindh, Pakistan


Abstract

Fluoride is essential for human health, but the excessive amount of fluoride in drinking water

(groundwater) can cause fluorosis. A disease that causes bone deformation and also prolongs

intakze dose to death. Adsorption technique is a cost-effective approach for defluoridation of water

for underdeveloped countries like Pakistan. In the Present work two adsorbents like China Clay or

“kaolinite” (Nagarparkar, Thar) and fly ash (Coal-fired Power Plants) were used. In this study, two

adsorption methods like agitation and column (Fixed bed) were investigated on a laboratory scale.

The results revealed that the fly ash performance for fluoride removal was found 90.6% as

compared to the china clay (kaolinite) up to 28% in agitation mode while it was improved to 74%

under column study.

Keywords: Adsorption, Fluoride, Clay, Flyash.

TAM-413



___________________________________________________________________


Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters,

Mediated by Bacillus Strains

Muhammad Ali Surhio, Farah Naz talpur, Shafi Muhammad Nizamani, Hassan Imran Afridi

National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro

76080, Pakistan

Abstract

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of refractory organic compounds, widely used as additives

or plasticizers in plastic industry. PAEs are ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting pollutants and can be

degraded by microorganisms. The present study described the assimilation of four PAE mixture

(dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, and dibutyl phthalate) by two bacillus species: Bacillus thuringiensis

and Bacillus cereus, isolated from different agricultural soil and their consortium. Among which,

the optimal degradation of 82–96% was achieved by B. thuringiensis. This is the first report on the

metabolic breakdown of four basic PAE’s mixture. The optimum conditions for biodegradation

were found to be pH 7, temperature 30 °C, inoculum size 10 mL, and concentration 400 mg/L.

Moreover, the respective biodegradation followed the first-order kinetic model. Our results

proffered supplementary confirmation of the wide spectrum of PAE utilization by B. thuringiensis

and suggest the possibility of applying it for the remediation of PAE contamination waste.

Keywords: Phthalates, bioremediation, B. thuringiensis , contaminated water

TAM-414



___________________________________________________________________


Environment, Health, Safety

and Management (EHSM)



___________________________________________________________________


Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic pollutants,

herbicides and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic ,electrochemical

and carbon concentrator system Mukhtar-ul-Hassan1, 2, 4, Zahid Qureshi1, 3, Javed Iqbal5, Mudsar Natt5

Institute of Environment Brunel University West London UB8 3PH1

Armed forces Hospital KSA2, Gov. College University Lahore3

Institute of Chemistry University of Punjab Lahore 4

West London College UK5


Abstract

The industrial wastewater generally consists of chlorinated organic compounds, phenols, heavy

metals (As,Cr,Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, etc.), salts, , herbicides, pesticides, dyes etc. In mixed wastewater

streams organic species and heavy metal ions retard the destruction of organic contaminants and

the efficiency of recovery of the metal is reduced by the organic species has been studied. The

reduction in the efficiency of these metals is due to the formation of complexes between the organic

species and the metal ions. Results of number of investigations are presented for copper,

chromium, zinc and organic system in which both effects occur. A photolytic cell alone can

achieve the complete degradation of organic pollutants, Atrazine, MCPA (2-methyl-4-

chlorophenoxyacetic acid) in the presence of TiO2 or H2O2, at different pH has been studied. The

addition of heavy metals, Cu(II)ions, however, retards the degradation of Atrazine, MCPA organic

species and complete mineralization of organic species was not achieved and the system leaves

heavy metal ions Cu(II) ions in solution. An electrolytic cell alone can be used to recover heavy

metal copper but is not capable of achieving complete disappearance of Atrazine, MCPA

pollutants by anodic oxidation. A photolytic or electrolytic system alone incapable of achieving

simultaneous destruction of Atrazine MCPA and recovery of heavy metals, copper from mixed

wastewater streams. For complete effluent treatment the destruction of organic species and the

recovery of heavy metals, can be achieved by using a combined photolytic, activated carbon

concentrator and an electrolytic cell system.

Keywords: Heavy Metal, Photolytic, electrochemical, Carbon concentrator.

EHSM-501




___________________________________________________________________


The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine Development

Prof. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari

Department of Chemical Engineering

Mehran UET Jamshoro

Abstract

The environmental Safeguard Policies aim to ensure that the people and the environment are

protected from potential adverse impacts. The current environment and social policies of the world

Bank provide a framework for consultation with communities and for public disclosure. Example

of these requirements include.

a) Conducting environmental and social impact Assessments

b) Consulting with affected communities about potential project impacts, and

c) Restoring the livelihoods of displaced people

For Sustainable Mine Develoment, it is necessary to carry out the mining operations in such a

manner so as to ensure systematic development of the mine or quarry, conservation of mineral,

protection of the environment and safety of the man and machinery.

This paper will discuss this and other Safeguard Guidelines.

Keywords: Environmental Policies, Sustainable development.

EHSM-502



___________________________________________________________________


ISO 14001:2015

Environmental Management Sysytems


BE., LLB., ME., MBA. (Ph.D)

CEO ZEDTECH Interantional

Abstract

ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally agreed standard that sets out the requirements for an

environmental management system. It helps organizations improve their environmental

performance through more efficient use of resources and reduction of waste, gaining a competitive

advantage and the trust of stakeholders. An environmental management system helps

organizations identify, manage, monitor and control their environmental issues in a “holistic”

manner. ISO 14001 is suitable for organizations of all types and sizes, be they private, not-for-

profit or governmental. It requires that an organization considers all environmental issues relevant

to its operations, such as air pollution, water and sewage issues, waste management, soil

contamination, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and resource use and efficiency.

Keywords: Safety Policy, Environmental Managemnet.

EHSM-503



___________________________________________________________________


ISO 45001:2018

Occupational health and Safety Management Systems


BE., LLB., ME., MBA. (Ph.D)

CEO ZEDTECH Interantional

Abstract

The ISO 45001:2018 standard has been approved in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part

1, 2017, clause 2.6.3. Potentially one of the most significant occupational health and safety

standard ever be promulgated. As an OHS/HSE Professional, you work with safety management

systems standard on an almost daily basis. This standard has the potential to move health and safety

management to global level and as a professional it is imperative that you understand this standard,

implementation, and implication for your company, colleagues, and clients. You will be in the

position to advise and guide significant health and safety decisions. This ISO 45001:2018 standard

for occupational health and safety management systems will provide a framework from which

OHS objectives can be effectively managed and ISO 45001:2018 will help drive solutions for

improving worker safety across the globe.

Keywords: Safety Policy, Environmental Managemnet.

EHSM-504



___________________________________________________________________


Impact of Coal Mining on Environment and Human Heath

Akhtar Shareef, Durdana Rais Hashmi and Razia Begum

Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), PCSIR Labs Complex, Karachi

[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Present study was carried out to determine the concentration of ambient air quality and noise level

measurement in coal mining areas. Air quality has been collected in terms of atmospheric trace

gases like Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxide (NO), Nitrogen dioxide

(NO2) at 03 different Blocks (Block – IX Islamkot Area, Block – X, Mithrio Sumra and Block –

XI, Baparana) in Thar Coal Field, Sindh Pakistan. At Each selected Blocks the study was carried

out to determine the noise level and the concentrations of trace gases during the year, 2010 and

2011. In each block samples were collected before drilling, during drilling and after drilling at

each selected locations in Thar Coal Field, Sindh Pakistan.

Experimental Results were used to analyze the concentrations of the pollutants and their effects on

environment and on human health. Results received from different air quality categories were

calculate according to National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) at selected locations, as

during the drilling process in each blocks showing high pollution level for trace gases and high

level of noise pollution may be due to the emission of impurities and fly-ash during the drilling

process and noise pollution due to use of heavy duty machinery.

This study shows that coal mining or drilling activity produces persistent pollutants in that area,

thus posing a threat to biodiversity. Huge quantities of waste material are produced by several

mining activities in the coal mining region. If proper care is not taken for waste disposal, mining

will degrade the surrounding environment. The method of waste disposal affects land, water and

air and in turns the quality of life of the people in the adjacent areas. This study present the issues

and effects of coal mines and its impact on the environment and human health and can range from

nausea, difficulty in breathing, skin irritation, to cancer.

Keywords: Coal mining, Explosive pollution, Environmental effects, Health hazards.

EHSM-505




___________________________________________________________________


Evaluation of adsorption capacities of commercial humic acid for application

to remove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ and characterization

with FT-IR spectroscopy

Mir Munsif Ali Talpur*, Tajnees Pirzada, Mir Ali Raza Talpur




Abstract

In this study commercial Humic acid was used to evaluate the adsorption behavior of metal ions

Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+. The mathematical model described by Langmuir's adsorption equation

was applied and the values of the maximum adsorption capacity ‘b’ and those of the constant

related to the bonding energy ‘a’ were obtained. Aliquots of salts of copper, cadmium, nickel and

zinc solutions of different concentrations were added to the humic acid suspensions and the effect

of pH, contact time, metal ion initial concentration, adsorbent dose, agitation rate and temperature

were optimized. The rate and the amount of adsorbed humic acid onto metal ions increased with

increasing ionic strength, decreasing pH. The adsorbent worked well for the Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and

Ni2+. The FTIR investigation of adsorbent before and after loading metal ions indicated clear

differences in the spectra. The adsorption equilibrium data showed that adsorption behavior of

humic acid could be described more reasonably by Freundlich adsorption isotherm than Langmiur

adsorption isotherm.

Keywords: FTIR, Adsorption, Pollutants, Spectroscopy.

EHSM-506



___________________________________________________________________


To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial

Substituent of Natural Aggregate

1Mohammad Asim, 1Mujeeb-ur-Rehman, 1Waheed Ahmed, 2Engr.Gohr Nadeem

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

[email protected] 1Students of Civil Engineering Department Balochistan UET Khuzdar

2Assistant Prof. in UET Khuzdar

Abstract

The Concrete industry has stepped towards Sustainable development, the timeworn buildings and

infra sturctures being demolished for the construction of new and modern structures, thus the

dumping of smashed waste became a foremost problem in urban areas, and on further the pressure

on devastating of natural aggregate is tremendously rising. The above stated disputes initiating a

serious problem and polluting Environment. The only resolution to overwhelm these serious issues

is to recycle the demolished structures. This reseach targeted to discourse the the possibilites of

replacment of Natural aggregate with Recycled aggregates.The work comprises the use of recycled

aggregates achieved from different neighborhood of District Khuzdar. For experimental works the

Physical and Mechanical properties of 28 cylinders (6`` dia and 12`` height) and 10 beam of

6``x6``x20`` was determined and cured for 28 days. The experimental results shown that up to

40% of replacement of natural aggregate by recycled aggregate has no effect on Compressive

strength of concrete, Tensile strength and Flexural strength. The strength of specimens to some

extent reduced when replaced by recycled aggregate over and above 40%.

Keywords: Natural Aggregate, Recycled aggregate, demolished waste, Concrete.

EHSM-507







___________________________________________________________________


Occupational Health and Safety in Mining

Naseem Ibrahim,

Inspectorate of Mines, Mines and Mineral Development

Department, Government of Sindh.

[email protected]

Abstract

The mining industry is a high health risk occupation. Companies/ industries need to implement

occupational health and safety act, rules and regulations. These companies face a rapidly booming

mining sector. Being aware of the influential factors on the occupational safety and health in

mining is needed to reduce work-related fatalities and increase the company's efficiency. Few

studies identified that the influential factors on the implementation of Mines Act, 1923 and its

rules and regulations available in the mining industry. This study provides a general overview of

occupational safety and health and investigates the relationship between five factors influencing

the implementation of occupational health and safety management among currently operational

mining companies. The results show that the correlation of the five domains varies. Using factor

loading to examine the most influential factor to the least influential factors, the order is shown as

follows: act and regulation, stakeholder pressure, investment, integrated occupational safety and

health management and organizational culture. In addition, lack of adequate investment from the

government was reported by the majority of the occupational safety and health (OHS) specialists.

This finding is noteworthy in that there was an occupational safety and health (OHS) specialist

agreement that their companies do not spend at least 1% of their production and service cost to

implement occupational safety and health requirements.

Keywords: Influential factors, Investment, Stakeholder pressure, Organizational culture, Act and

regulation, occupational safety and health implementation.

EHSM-508




___________________________________________________________________


Impact Evaluation of coal mine drainage on Physicochemical properties of

Soil and Aquifer around coal Mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan

Waqas Ahmeda*, Tahseenullah Khana, Fiza Sarwara

a Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.

* [email protected]

Abstract

Natural energy resources are playing vital role in fulfilling the demands of growing population.

Especially in developing countries the extraction rate of these natural resources is increasing day

by day. In Pakistan, Coal mining is major industry which is being used for power generation. The

problems associated with coal mining are not properly addressed and it is becoming the major

causative agent for environmental problems in surrounding areas. The major potential source of

contamination in coal mining are waste rocks and mine drainage which cause environmental

pollution and acid mine drainage. This research was carried out to evaluate the potential impact of

coal mine drainage on soil and ground water of coal mines surrounding areas. The study area is

located near Chakwal district, Punjab province, Pakistan. Study area is divided into two blocks A

and B based on the difference in surface topography. Comparative study is conducted for these

two blocks. Ground water and soil samples are analyzed to evaluate the potential impact of coal

mine drainage. 13 ground water samples from bore wells, one Dam water sample, 11 soil samples

from agricultural land, 4 coal mine waste rock samples and 2 coal mine water discharge samples

were taken in duplicates. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, salinity, total

hardness, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates and heavy metals (chromium, cadmium, zinc and iron) were

analyzed in ground water and soil samples using standard operating procedures. Ground water

were compared with Pak-EPA Drinking water standards and soil samples were compared with

FAO/WHO agricultural soil standards. pH, TDS, total Hardness and chlorides lied within

permissible limit whereas EC, salinity, nitrate and sulphates showed higher concentration in both

water and soil samples. Heavy metals were in higher concentration in water samples

(Zn>Cr>Cd>Fe) whereas in soil samples all the heavy metals were within permissible limit except

cadmium in B block (4.28 mg/kg). In comparison block B showed higher concentration of almost

all the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals due to coal mining waste. The elevation and

water flow direction of the area is from A block toward B block which ultimately accumulates in

Dam water present at some distance. In dam water sample salinity, nitrate, sulphate and iron were

found in higher concentration. Coal mine solid and effluent discharge showed very high

concentration of all the parameters and heavy metals except chlorides and nitrate. In addition two

EHSM-509




___________________________________________________________________


statistical tools Pearson correlation and PCA were also used and their results also revealed strong

positive correlation between these physicochemical parameters. A strong contamination in ground

water samples were found whereas soil of surrounding area was affected with sulphate and

cadmium in major. Coal mine solid and effluent wastes were major causative agents for area’s soil

and water pollution.

Keywords: Coal Mine, Aquifer, Impact Evalution.



___________________________________________________________________


Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental engineering

Zubair Ahmeda , Evgen Shapovalovb, Viktor Stabnikovb, Sergei Zhadanb, Anatoliy Salyukb, Shan

Saleema, and Volodymyr Ivanovb a USPCASW, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan

bNational University of Food Technologies, 68 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, Ukraine

Abstract

It was shown in this study that iron-containing clay can be used in large scale to enhance anaerobic

digestion of several million tons of municipal, agricultural, and food-processing organic wastes.

Conventional anaerobic digestion is performed as either solid-phase process with the content of

organic solids above 60% or liquid-phase process with the content of organic solids below 10%.

Both processes have a lot of disadvantages. Meanwhile, a slurry-phase process, in which organic

waste is combined with iron-containing clay and water with the content of organic solids 30 - 40%

can ensure strictly anaerobic conditions and save up to 40% of consumed water in comparison

with the liquid-phase anaerobic digestion. Additionally, clay slurry process creates the favorable

conditions for methanogenesis due to adsorption of ammonium by clay and chemical binding of

other strong inhibitors of methanogenesis such as dihydrogen sulphide and fatty acids anions.

There is no secondary liquid effluent in slurry-phase process because used clay slurry with

adsorbed ammonium and phosphate can be applied directly for the fertilization of sandy soil.

Keyworkds: anaerobic digestion, organic wastes, agriculture wastes, fertilizer.

EHSM-510



___________________________________________________________________


Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis

Amir Muhammad*, Junaid Shehzad, Junaid Afridi, Haris Khattak, Mohammad Younas

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, P.O. Box

814, University Campus, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan

[email protected]

Abstract

Plastics are durable and have a long life. Due to the same fact they have become a major

environmental problem. Over the years tons and tons of plastics have been produced and are

wasted after use. These waste plastics can be converted into petroleum products as both plastics

and petroleum derived products are hydrocarbons. The only difference is that plastics have longer

chains compared to the petroleum products that include LPG, petrol and diesel fuels.

The main objective of our study was to design a reactor for the pyrolysis of the waste plastic to

produce a high grade fuel. Among the solid plastic wastes that used in our study were PET, LDPE,

HDPE and PS. HDPE had the largest fraction by mass in the feed and polystyrene had the lowest

fraction because of their densities. The feed size was reduced to small pieces to increase surface

area. Fast pyrolysis was the dominant process inside reactor which involved high heating rates,

low residences time for the vapours formed and high temperatures up to 650⁰C for a targeted liquid

product. Oil production started at an elapsed time of 103 minutes at a temperature and pressure of

205⁰C and 1 bar gauge pressure. After an additional 23 minutes, 125 ml of liquid synthetic crude

was collected. A concentric tube heat exchanger was used to cool down the vapours. The product

oil produced has brown brickish colour and the properties are comparable to petroleum products

available in market.

Keywords: Plastic wastes; pyrolysis; fuel

EHSM-511




___________________________________________________________________


Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need to

Go.

Mahmood Arshad, Muhammad Waqas, Maryum Khan

Abstract:

Environment, health, and safety is a growing concern worldwide. Decision makers, stakeholders,

and pressure groups are getting more critical and rational about the EHS considerations. Even

though Pakistan is a mineral rich country and has a competitive mineral production, the industry

lacks far behind the minimum international EHS standards. This paper develops a critical

comparison of EHS scenario in Pakistan vs the industry leaders in terms of EHS. It establishes a

benchmark of practices, legal framework, and implementation of EHS laws round the globe,

identifies where we stand as of now, highlights the weaknesses of our existing system, and

furnishes recommendations for better EHS compliant future.

Keywords: EHS, Mining, Minerals, Pakistan, EPA

EHSM-512



___________________________________________________________________


GIS based Analysis of Ground Water Quality: A Case Study of Districts of

Punjab- Pakistan

Falak Naeem1, Lubna Ghazal2

1Institute of Environmental Studies, 2 Department of Geography, University of Karachi

[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

A part of the developing countries retrieved in pursuance of lifting its economic status along with

other disputes to be satisfied, Pakistan, is found to be immersed in a challenging era. As the major

contribution of the agricultural sector towards the country’s economy, it is important to conserve

its requirements and secure its sustainability for a longer period of time. This performed study is

based on use of spatial analysis techniques of Geo-informatics through which hazards and risks

were assessed to the agricultural fields being irrigated by groundwater of the districts of Punjab

province. It was objectified about the quality and availability of groundwater for irrigation and

target was set to monitor the characteristics of groundwater resource through mapping in Arc GIS

environment. The sampled wells were observed in the pre and post monsoon time span of 2006,

2010 and 2013. Secondary data taken from Punjab Irrigation Department estimated 422 selected

sampled areas out of 625 which showed that water was found in the particular wells at varying

depths of 30-68 feet, whereas 63% of wells were immersed in high salinity concentration in the

pre monsoon season of 2006. The Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) was found to be in high

concentration in 82 wells in the pre monsoon of the year 2006. While the Residual Sodium

Carbonate (RSC) in the investigated three years, showed increased level of concentration in pre-

season of 2006 of about 34.4 me/L. However, the rainfall trends resulted in fluctuation and relief

of hazardous impacts of these parameters in the subsequent monitored years. The usage of water

with high rise of concentration of salinity, sodium and its carbonates results in deceased growth of

farmland due to loss of land fertility, burning of crops due to change in soil conditions etc. As in

the present world, land utilized for farming is undergoing serious threats, therefore it is concluded

as dire need of time for the strict implication of established laws and regulations to conserve natural

resources and promote sustainable agricultural practices. Recommended measure is to adapt “Drip

Irrigation” as the advantageous solution to the issue.

Keywords: GIS, Groundwater, Salinity, Sodium, Carbonates, Sustainable, Irrigation, Mapping.

EHSM-513





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Successful Installation of Defluoridation Water Treatment Plant in the Thar

Desert, Pakistan

Tahir Rafique1, Muhammad Anas1,2, Sofia Khalique Alvi,1 Khaula Shirin1

1 Applied Chemistry Research Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

[email protected]

Abstract

Presence of fluoride in high concentrations in groundwater is quite a frequent problem and occurs

across Groundwater of the Thar Desert areas of Sindh Province in Pakistan is known to have high

fluoride concentration than that of the standards set by WHO for drinking water. The use of such

water for drinking purpose has led to the catastrophic situation in the form of prevalence of an

irreversible disease well known as fluorosis. Adsorption technique has been considered as

preventive measure to control the adverse health effects and consumption of fluoride rich

groundwater for drinking purpose. Sequential studies were carried out to mitigate this problem. In

this concern, a batch to pilot plant approach was adopted using alumina as an adsorbent. Batch

mode studies were conducted to investigate the performance of alumina under optimized condition

of variable of time, dosage, concentration of fluoride, initial pH. In order to evaluate the

mechanism of interaction between solid/liquid phases of alumina and fluoride, different isotherm

and kinetic models were applied on the obtained data which was found to be in good agreement

with these models. Thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy were

also estimated to assess the feasibility of process. Dynamic mode studies were conducted in

column to estimate break through curve, sorption capacity at break through point, exhaustion point

and desorption studies. Considering the fluoride level in drinking water as per the guidelines of

WHO, the threshold, was set at 1.5 mg/L for break through curve studies. Desorption efficiency

of NaOH solution of various strength was also optimized and 1% strength was found to be very

efficient in this case. Different models for fixed bed column were also applied to study the dynamic

solid/liquid phases of alumina and fluoride.

After successful application of Alumina in batch and column mode, a pilot scale plant was

developed with a bed depth of 60 kg. Two cycles of adsorption were carried out to estimate break

through point followed by desorption studies after each cycle. The obtained results provided

worthwhile information to infer an estimated efficiency and in designing a real time Defluoridation

Water Treatment Plant which has been installed in a fluoride affected area of Thar Desert for

provision of fluoride safe drinking water to local masses.

EHSM-514




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Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted toxic

ions in aqueous system

Ameet Kumara, Aamna Baloucha

aNational Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract:

The anthropogenic activity has extremely increased the concentration of toxic heavy metals into

the environment and it became a great challenge for life on earth. Toxic heavy metals are

undesirable pollutants which are directly or indirectly enter into the environment and ecological

system due to release of industrial wastewater. Therefore there is need to develop a highly selective

and reliable novel material for the removal and separation of toxic ion from different

environmental samples. Various methods have long been applied to separate toxic metals but

recently ion imprinting polymers have attained a great attention in modern science for the selective

removal of ions.

Aim of the work is to synthesis precise, accurate, and inexpensive Ion Imprinted Polymers in term

of reagent consumption and equipment involved as compared to previously reported methods.

Chromium (VI) imprinted polymer and Nickel (II) imprinted polymer was synthesized by utilizing

1-vinylimidazole as a ligand, MAA (methacrylic acid) as a functional monomer, EGDMA

(ethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid) as a cross linker, AIBN was initiator and the solvent was

methanol and acetonitrile (1:1) and finally reaction was proceed for 12 hours at 150rpm 600C.

After successful synthesis, the prepared materials was characterized by using Fourier transform

infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

(EDX) to check functional group, morphology and elemental composition respectively.

The prepared IIPS was utilized for removal of chromium and nickel ion from contaminated water

samples by batch adsorption process. Thereafter the adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and

freundlich), kinetic (Pseudo first and second order), thermodynamic studies were carried out to

understand the basic phenomenon of interaction during the adsorption reaction, Selectivity studies

was also done to check the selectivity of imprinted polymer and the imprinted polymer was also

applied on real water samples.

Keywords: toxic ions, imprinted materials, aqueous system.

EHSM-515



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Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed

A.Qudoos1, S.Farman1, A.Sikander1, M.Saeed1, M.Khan1 , K.Junaid1 1 Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan


Abstract

Arsenic contamination in Ground Water i.e., drinking water is major concern of interest of

researchers. Arsenic (As) cause health concerns due to its significant toxicity and worldwide

presence in drinking water and groundwater. Researchers, scientists, engineers had introduced

different technologies for removal of arsenic from drinking water (ground water). like Lime

precipitation, Coagulation/filtration Adsorptive media, Ion exchange , Reverse osmosis and many

others .Conventional techniques are very expensive so researcher had also find that biomaterials (

rice husk , jute , apple peels , tomato peels , banana peels , coconut shell , sugarcane bagasse etc.

) has potential to remove arsenic from ground water. Remoulded adsorption Rice Husk bed has

shown remarkable importance of Rice Husk in the removal of arsenic from ground water at

optimized conditions. At optimal design parameters such as Bed height 30 cm , Inside diameter of

column 4cm , over all column height 1.5 m and flow rate 20.94 min/ml rice husk bed column

showed Arsenic removal efficiency in to two section . During 1st 30 minutes removal efficiency

was 66.67-81.25 % and then after 1 hour it was 80- 90%. Removal efficiency was increasing with

increase in inlet concentration. Along with potential to remove arsenic , Rice husk has also effected

different parameters like pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Electrical Conductivity and

Temperature.

Key Words: Ground water, Arsenic, Rice Husk , Removal efficiency.

EHSM-516




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Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power

Electro dialysis for Arid and Semi Arid Regions

Muhammad Awaisa, Shaheen Azizb, Suhail Ahmed Soomroc,

Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, 7605,

Sindh Pakistan

[email protected]

Abstract

Water is a basic need of humans, plants and animals but the availability of water is becoming very

scarce day by day in the global scenario. Large population of Pakistan is living in arid and semi-

arid region. They are dependent on underground water and unfortunately, underground water

aquifers are also become saline because of draught and lack of ground water availability. The

saline water may be treated by desalination process but it requires energy resource while we are

facing shortage of energy. D.C Power electro dialysis is the best technique that requires less energy

to desalt the water. Heterogeneous cationic and anionic exchange membrane was prepared in the

Chemical Engineering laboratory from polyester mesh with pore size 40μm & 80μm interleaved

with alternating concentrate and dilute solution compartments and ending at both sides with an

electrode compartment. The parameters that were important for desalination were voltage supplied

to electrodes. Two samples with same parameters respectively were desalinated using their

respective membranes pairs in the developed cell at 8,10,12,14 volts. This technology will replace

the other conventional technologies of water desalination and result in the cheap water availability

for drinking & irrigation purpose in water scare regions of Pakistan.

Keywords: Brackish Water, DC Power, electro dialysis, electrodes, low cost, arid & semi arid

regions

EHSM-517




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Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy for

the decontamination of trace cadmium(II) ions from water system

Farah Amin* Farah Naz Talpur, Aamna Balouch, Hassan Imran Afridi

National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract

In many parts of the world, cadmium metal concentration in drinking water is higher than some

international guideline values. To reduce its level below the safety limit, a sustainable and

environmental friendly approach is crucial. Thereby, present article introduce an efficient, non-

pathogenic and a novel fungal biosorbent Pleurotus eryngii for the removal of Cd(II) ions from

aqueous system. The efficiency of P. eryngii were improved and optimized by investigating many

significant factors such as; pH, biosorbent dose, initial Cd(II) ion concentration, temperature and

contact time. Approx. 99.9% removal of Cd(II) ions were achieved at pH 5.0, dosage 0.2 g / 10

mL, concentration 20 mg L-1, time 10 min and temperature 50 °C. The isotherm and kinetic

models revealed bioremediation of Cd(II) ions as monolayer coverage with biosorption capacity

of 1.51 mg g−1 following pseudo second order reaction. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters

such as ∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S° showed that the removal of Cd(II) ions is spontaneous and endothermic

in nature. Batch elution process revealed that the complete elution of Cd(II) ions from the biomass

were achieved using 0.1 N HNO3 solution. The sorption efficiency decreased from 99.99 to

56.89% as the biomass were re-cycled up to 5 times. The efficiency of Cd(II) ions removal from

real water samples lies between 85 to 90%. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry,

scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) and atomic

force microscopic (AFM) analysis of fungal biomass confirmed that the Cd(II) ions were the most

abundant species on the biomass surface after the sorption process.

Key words: Bioremediation, cadmium, isotherms, kinetics, Pleurotus eryngii, thermodynamics

EHSM-518



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Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner

production

Shoukat Ali Abbassi, Sheeraz Memon, Saad Memon, Fahad Hussain Noonari


Abstract

Al Noor is one of the leading manufacturing industry which manufactures MDF board from the

initial stage to the final stage. MDF board is one of the widely preferred and used wood plywood

board in the world. Since its creation, it has its great significance of use among the users. MDF

board production is thoroughly discussed in this research mentioning all involving manufacturing

steps and procedures in the industry. The amount of mass that is measured in the section above,

tells about the usage of MDF in the country alone, the demand is high and the product quality and

quantity have to be up to the mark. An energy source is required to fulfill the demand of the

production units to make sure the fiber boards are produced without any interruption. This energy

can be extracted out using the waste product resulting in a recycling of the mass material

categorized as waste. This will allow the company to decrease the amount of waste unloads in the

outside atmosphere. So the option for the company or the industry to make sure that the mass and

energy are in balance is to recycle as much waste as they can.

Apart of using gluing agent urea formaldehyde in resin, the use of formaldehyde is also done in

surface polishing and lamination of MDF boards. To minimize the harmful effect of emission of

formaldehyde from MDF board, a method is evolved called desiccator method in which there is

applied a surface limitation material which is actually a coat of PVC with polypropylene film on

MDF board. It has been checked and confirmed that the MDF board (with sealed edges) on which

desiccator method is applied shows decrease in formaldehyde emissions up to 57.8%. It is

concluded in the thesis how the particular type of resin used i.e. urea formaldehyde can be

effectively used for less harmful emissions of formaldehyde and another hazardous effect by

adding scavengers into it.

Keywords: MDF, cleaner production, formaldehyde

EHSM-519


1st - mehran university of engineering and...

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