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1st Grade

Inheritance of Traits

2015-11-22

www.njctl.org

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Table of ContentsClick on the topic to go to that section

· Variation is Important

· Similarities

· Parent/Offspring Similarities

· Differences

· Parent/Offspring Differences

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Similarities

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Living things have many traits.Traits are characteristics or qualities that help to identify living things.

Traits

This flamingo has many traits.· pink feathers

· long legs

· curved neck

· black-tipped beak

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Traits

Traits can describe how a living thing looks. They can also describe how the living thing survives.

Other traits of the flamingo are:

· Hatched from an egg· Eat brine shrimp and algae· Live together in colonies

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Traits

List as many traits of this puppy as you can. Think of a variety of traits, not just physical ones.

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Traits

How many traits can you think of for this sunflower?

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1 A characteristic that helps to identify a living thing is called a ___.

A trait

B thing

C similarity

D difference

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1 A characteristic that helps to identify a living thing is called a ___.

A trait

B thing

C similarity

D difference

[This object is a pull tab]A

nsw

er

A

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2 Traits only describe how a living thing looks.

True

False

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2 Traits only describe how a living thing looks.

True

False

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False

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Similarities

This is a field of flowers called tulips. What do you notice about them?

They are alike in many ways!

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Similarities

Living things have many similar traits.

These tulips are the same color, the same height and the same shape. They also grew and developed from the same type of seed. They have the same needs.

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Similar Traits

These seastars have several similar traits.· They have 5 legs.· They are bumpy.· They eat small animals.· They use tube feet to move.· They hatch from eggs.

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Similar Traits

On the next slides, find the similar traits among the different animals.

Think about similarities in:

· appearance· what they eat· how they act· how they grow· where they live· how they defend themselves

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How are these animals alike?

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How are these animals alike?

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How are these animals alike?

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How are these animals alike?

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3 Living things have lots of similar traits.

True

False

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3 Living things have lots of similar traits.

True

False

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True

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4 What is a similar trait of these animals?

A They are blue.

B They live in the water.

C They all need food to survive.

D They hatched from eggs.

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4 What is a similar trait of these animals?

A They are blue.

B They live in the water.

C They all need food to survive.

D They hatched from eggs.

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C

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Similar Traits in PlantsPlants have similar traits as well. They can be similar in appearance. They are also similar in their needs.

Remember from last unit: What do all plants need?

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How are these plants alike?

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How are these plants alike?

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5 Plants have similar needs.

True

False

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5 Plants have similar needs.

True

False

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True

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6 What trait do these plants NOT share?

A They need water, sunshine and air to make food.

B They eat insects.

C They need space to grow.

D They need soil for nutrients.

Venus Fly trap Fern

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6 What trait do these plants NOT share?

A They need water, sunshine and air to make food.

B They eat insects.

C They need space to grow.

D They need soil for nutrients.

Venus Fly trap Fern

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B

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7 Can a tree be similar to a rose?

Yes

No

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7 Can a tree be similar to a rose?

Yes

No

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Yes

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Parent/Offspring Similarities

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Review: Development

Think back to the last unit. Do you remember the two different ways that animals can develop? Click in the boxes to test your knowledge.

metamorphosis

direct development

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Offspring have similar traits as the parents. They may have the same fur/hair, coloring, body features and behaviors.

Look at the traits of the three offspring below. Which one is most similar to the adult? Draw an arrow to show your choice.

Direct Development

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Direct development produces offspring that are very similar to the adults.

Direct Development

These similar traits were passed on to the bears from their parents. In other words, they inherited these traits.

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Direct Development

How are the tiger cub and tiger parent similar?

The tiger cub inherited these traits from the parent.

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Direct DevelopmentIn what ways are you similar to your father? How about your mother? You inherited these traits from each of them!

Goldie Hawn (Mother)

Kate Hudson (Daughter)

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Parents that have certain traits do not have offspring with quite different traits.

Offspring and Parents

This horse mother gave birth to an offspring with pointy ears, a tail, tan-colored hair and hooves. It did not give birth to an offspring with feathers, claws and a beak.

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Use similar traits to match these offspring and parents.Offspring and Parents

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8 The lion _____ its parents.

A looks like

B is different from

C sometimes looks like, sometimes does not look like

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8 The lion _____ its parents.

A looks like

B is different from

C sometimes looks like, sometimes does not look like

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A

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9 Inherit means to get traits from one's parents.

True

False

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9 Inherit means to get traits from one's parents.

True

False

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True

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10 Who is the mother of this baby animal?

A giraffe

B hippopotamus

C goat

D goldfish

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10 Who is the mother of this baby animal?

A giraffe

B hippopotamus

C goat

D goldfish

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C

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11 Jane has blue eyes. Her mother has brown eyes and her father has blue eyes. She inherited her blue eyes from her ___.

A mother

B father

C brother

D grandma

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11 Jane has blue eyes. Her mother has brown eyes and her father has blue eyes. She inherited her blue eyes from her ___.

A mother

B father

C brother

D grandma

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B

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Plant Offspring and Parents

Remember that young plants are called seedlings. Seedlings often resemble the parent plants.

A young hyacinth plant resembles the adult hyacinth. It has the same coloring and shape. The size is different.

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Plant Offspring and Parents

How are the oak tree seedling and the adult oak tree similar?

Seedling Adult

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Plant Offspring and Parents

The toad lily prefers to grow in indirect sunlight. You can plant it in the shade and it will survive!

Toad lily seedlings inherit many traits from the parent plant. In what type of sunlight do you think a toad lily seedling would prefer?

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12 Seedlings have similar characteristics to their parents.

True

False

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12 Seedlings have similar characteristics to their parents.

True

False

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True

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13 A seedling is similar to an adult plant except in what way?

A size

B shape

C color

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13 A seedling is similar to an adult plant except in what way?

A size

B shape

C color

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A

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14 A bean plant seedling resembles what adult plant?

A tomato

B bean

C oak tree

D lily

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14 A bean plant seedling resembles what adult plant?

A tomato

B bean

C oak tree

D lily

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B

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Differences

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What does it mean to be different? Look at these pictures and describe what different means.

Different

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Differences

Different means not the same. It is the opposite of similar.

A difference is something that is not the same. It is the opposite of similarity.

Can you think of one

similarity and one difference of an owl and a

swan?

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Animals can be very different. They may have differences in their size, shape, the way they get food, or defend themselves. Animals are especially different if they are different kinds of animals.

Do they have the same features?

Do they live in the same environment?

Do they defend themselves the same way?

Differences

What different traits do an elephant and a cat have?

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Different Traits

On the next slides, find different traits among the different animals.

Think about differences in:

· appearance· what they eat· how they act· how they grow· how they defend themselves· where they live

*These are the same pictures that you saw before. Last time you were finding similar traits. This time, look for different traits!

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How are these animals different?

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How are these animals different?

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How are these animals different?

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This blue jay and bat have similarities and differences.They are the same because they both have wings, they both fly, they both can land in trees.

They are different because the blue jay eats during the day. The bat eats during the night. The blue jay lays eggs, the bat gives birth to live babies. The bat has fur, the bluejay has feathers.

Living Things Can be Similar and Different

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15 Different and similar are opposites.

True

False

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15 Different and similar are opposites.

True

False

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True

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16 How are dogs and elephants different?

A They both have hair.

B They both have four legs.

C Elephants have tusks and dogs do not.

D They both give birth to offspring.

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16 How are dogs and elephants different?

A They both have hair.

B They both have four legs.

C Elephants have tusks and dogs do not.

D They both give birth to offspring.

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C

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17 Living things can be different and similar.

True

False

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17 Living things can be different and similar.

True

False

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True

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Different Traits in PlantsPlants can have different traits too. They can be different in appearance or different in behaviors and needs.

The hosta cannot live in direct sunlight. It grows best in the shade. It has small white or violet flowers.

The water lily grows in direct sunlight, surrounded by water. It has large brightly colored flowers.

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These are all similar because they are all cactus plants. How many different traits can you find?

Different Traits in Plants

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18 Plants may have different characteristics.

True

False

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18 Plants may have different characteristics.

True

False

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True

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19 These plants are different because of their ________.

A size

B color

C one you can eat, the other you can't

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19 These plants are different because of their ________.

A size

B color

C one you can eat, the other you can't

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A

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Complete the venn diagram.

Animal 1 Animal 2

Label

Use pictures in books, magazines or internet to show similarities and differences between two animals.

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Parent/Offspring Differences

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Do you have brothers and sisters? How about cousins?

You all have the same parents or grandparents. Do you look exactly the same?

You probably have similarities but also many differences.

Siblings

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This is true for animals as well.

Siblings, who have the same parents, can look quite different from each other.

Siblings

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Everyone is Unique

Siblings look different from each other and are also different from their parents.

The traits of the mother and the traits of the father get chosen at random so that each offspring is completely unique! There will never be another you!

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Offspring who experience direct development look very similar to their parents. They also are different from their parents. They can look different and have different behaviors.

How does this young deer look different from his father?

Direct Development

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These baby birds have different characteristics from their parents.

Direct Development

They may look different.They may sound different.They may act differently.

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Direct Development

How are these offspring different from their parents?

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Let's compare a caterpillar to a butterfly. A caterpillar changes and grows through its life cycle into a butterfly. But caterpillars don't look like a butterfly, do they?

How are they different?

MetamorphosisOffspring who experience metamorphosis are very different from their parents!

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A tadpole is different from a frog in many ways. Explain some differences.

Metamorphosis

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20 Baby animals never look different from their parents.

True

False

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20 Baby animals never look different from their parents.

True

False

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False

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Plants also have similarities and differences from their parents.

What is the big difference between this adult tomato plant and the seedling?

Plant Differences

Size

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Look at these two cactus plants. It takes a saguaro cactus 65 years to grow arms.

How are they the same? How are they different?

Plant Differences

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Compare these offspring and parent plants. What difference do you notice in each picture?

Geranium Cucumber

Dandelion

Plant Differences

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Plant Differences

Adults plants are able to produce flowers, seeds and fruit. Flowers, seeds and fruit are parts of a plant that are used in reproduction, to create new offspring.

Seedlings are not able to produce these parts until they grow into adults.

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21 Adult plants have different features than their young seedlings.

True

False

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21 Adult plants have different features than their young seedlings.

True

False

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True

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22 Do young plants have smaller stems and leaves?

Yes

No

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22 Do young plants have smaller stems and leaves?

Yes

No

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Yes

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23 Will young plants produce flowers or fruit?

Yes

No

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23 Will young plants produce flowers or fruit?

Yes

No

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No

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Variation is Important

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Variation

When there are differences in one specific trait, it is called a variation.

These are all roses but they are different colors. There is variation in the color of the roses.

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VariationWhat variation do you notice in these reindeer?

The size/shape of the antlers is a variation.

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Variation

Click below to watch a video about wild rabbits on Rabbit Island. How many variations can you find in the rabbits?

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Offspring Have Variations

Offspring are similar to their parents in some ways and different from their parents in other ways.

All offspring have variations from their parents.

These seeds are all from the same maple tree. They are not identical. There are small variations. What do you see?

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These dogs have 7 puppies. The puppies look a little like both parents. They all have different variations.

Offspring Have Variations

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24 A variation is a difference in a specific trait.

True

False

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24 A variation is a difference in a specific trait.

True

False

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True

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25 Siblings are identical to each other and their parents.

True

False

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25 Siblings are identical to each other and their parents.

True

False

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False

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Variations and SurvivalSome variations help organisms to survive or to reproduce.

Toucans have a lot of variation in beak size and color. Females decide who they will mate with based on these variations. The most colorful birds will reproduce and create offspring with colorful beaks.

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Remember these maple seeds? The biggest seed will fly the farthest and get to a sunny spot. There is more food in the big seeds, so these sprouts will survive the best.

These small variations lead to

better survival for the sprouts.

Variations and Survival

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Suppose that these three elk are born the same year. Which one will most likely survive a fight with wolves? Why?

Variations and Survival

Elk use their antlers for fighting wolves. The elk with the biggest antlers will survive a fight.

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Variations and SurvivalThis elk has the largest antlers and so would survive a wolf attack the best. The variation in antler size allowed him to survive. He can then reproduce and pass on this trait to his offspring.

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Rose plants with better protection will survive. These are all rose stems. Which do you think will protect the plant best?

The plant that survives will be able to reproduce and pass on this trait to offspring.

Variations and Survival

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26 Variations help some organisms to survive.

True

False

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26 Variations help some organisms to survive.

True

False

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27 Flounder are a type of fish that bury in the sand. The fish that is able to blend into the surroundings the best can hide from other animals and survive. Which flounder has the color variation that will help it to survive the best?

A B

C D

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27 Flounder are a type of fish that bury in the sand. The fish that is able to blend into the surroundings the best can hide from other animals and survive. Which flounder has the color variation that will help it to survive the best?

A B

C D[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

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28 When individuals have variations that help them survive,

A they do not live very long.

B they do not have healthy offspring.

C they get to live and produce more offspring.

D they produce very few offspring.

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28 When individuals have variations that help them survive,

A they do not live very long.

B they do not have healthy offspring.

C they get to live and produce more offspring.

D they produce very few offspring.

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Comparing Carrots Lab

Use your observation skills to find variations in the carrots!