1.+medico legal+aspects+of+physical+injuries
TRANSCRIPT
PHYSICAL INJURIES
-The effect of some form of stimulus on the body from within or without
Real when the effect is visibleApparent when stimulus is not enough
VITAL REACTIONSRubor, Calor, Dolor, Functio-Laizza
CLASSIFICATION OF WOUNDS AS TO SEVERITY:
Mortal: brain, heart, lungs, big vessels, upper spinal cord, stomach, liver, spleen, intestines
Non-Mortal: not capable of producing death immediately or shortly thereafter
AS TO KIND OF INSTRUMENT USED:
BLUNT INSTRUMENT: contusion; hematoma; laceration
SHARP INSTRUMENTS:- Sharp-edged (incised wound)- Sharp-pointed (punctured wound)- Sharp-edged and Sharp-pointed (stab
wound)
• Change of atmospheric pressure (barotrauma)
• Tearing force (lacerated wounds)
• Heat or Cold (burns, scald, frostbites)
• Chemical explosion (gunshot or shrapnel wounds)
• Infection
AS TO THE MANNER OF INFLICTION:
• HIT • THRUST• STAB
• GUNPOWDER • EXPLOSION
• SLIDING• RUBBING• ABRASION
AS TO THE DEPTH OF THE WOUND:
• superficial
• deep- penetrating
- perforating
AS TO THE SITE OF APPLICATION OF FORCE IN RELATION to LOCATION OF
INJURY
• Coup• Contre coup• Coup-contre-coup• Locus minoris
resistencia• Extensive injuries
MEDICAL CLASSIFICATION OF WOUNDS:
• CLOSED WOUND
• - no breach in the continuity of the skin or mucous membrane
• Petechiae, contusion, hematoma
• Sprain, dislocation, fracture, strain
• Internal hemorrhage
• OPEN WOUND
• - with break in the continuity of the skin or mucous membrane.
• Abrasions scratch, graze, impression mark, friction mark
• Incised, hacked, stab, lacerated, punctured,
ANTE-MORTEM vs. POST-MORTEMWOUNDS
• Hemorrhage more or less copious; generally arterial
• Marks of spouting• Clotted blood• Deep staining of wound
edges not removed by washing
• Presence of inflammatory and reparative processes
• Gaping wound edges
• Slight or none at all; always venous
• No spouting• Non-clotted or soft clot• Edges are not deeply
stained. Removable by washing
• No inflammatory or repair process
• Not gaping
• PATTERNED WOUNDS
• The wound assumes the shape of the offending instrumentex: belt buckles tire marks radiator grill
DEFENSE WOUNDS
• Wounds sustained by the victim while parrying the thrusts of the assailant in an attempt to defend himself
• Always found on the extremities of the victim
HESITATION CUTS or TEST CUTS
• Found commonly among suicide victims.
• Usually found on the area where the mortal cut is located.
SELF-INFLICTED WOUNDS (MOTIVES):
• To create or deliberately magnify an existing injury or disease for pension or workmen’s compensation.
• To escape certain obligations or punishment.
• To create a new identity or destroy existing one.
• To gain attention or sympathy.• Psychotic behavior*
psychotic behaviors of self-mutilation:
Head banging or bumping thermophilia
CastrationOr
amputation
Onychophagia
Pricking of acne
erruptionsBruxism
Self disfigurement
Tricho-tillomania
Subcutaneous injection of air
LEGAL CLASSIFICATION
of PHYSICAL INJURIES
Art. 262Mutilation
Art. 263Serious Physical
Injuries
Art. 264Administering
Injurious Substances and Beverages
Art. 265Less Serious
Physical Injuries
Art. 266Slight
Physical Injuries
Art. 252Physical Injuries
inflicted in a Tumultuous Affray
ART. 262 - MUTILATION
• Kinds:1. Intentionally depriving a person totally or partially of some of the essential organs for reproduction
2. Intentionally depriving a person of any part or parts of the human body other than the organs for reproduction
ART. 263: SERIOUS PHYSICAL INJURIES
• - by WOUNDING, BEATING or ASSAULTING another, if in consequence, the injured:
A. Shall become insane, imbecile, impotent or blind;
B. Shall have lost the use of speech, or the power to hear or to smell, or shall have lost an eye, a hand, a foot, an arm or a leg or shall have lost the use of any such member, or shall have become incapacitated for work in which he was theretofor habitually engaged;
C. Shall have become deformed, or shall have lost any other part of his body, or shall have lost the use thereof, or shall have been ill or incapacitated for the performance of the work in which he was habitually engaged for a period of more than ninety (90) days;
D. Shall have caused the illness or incapacity for labor of the injured person for more than thirty (30) days.
ART. 264 – ADMINISTERING INJURIOUS SUBSTANCES OR BEVERAGES::
• … Any person who without intent to kill, shall inflict upon another:
- any serious physical injury- by knowingly administering any injurious substance or
beverage- by taking advantage of the
victim’s weakness of mind or credulity
ART. 265 – LESS SERIOUS PHYSICAL INJURIES
• … Shall incapacitate the offended party for labor ten (10) days or more or shall require medical attendance for the same period…
Qualified if the injuries shall have been inflicted with manifest intent to insult or offend the injured person, or under circumstances adding ignominy to the offense.… or the victim is the offender’s parents, ascendants, guardians, curators or teachers; or a person of rank or in authority…
ART. 266: SLIGHT PHYSICAL INJURIES
AND MALTREATMENT … By inflicting physical injuries which shall
incapacitate the offended party for labor from one to nine days, or shall require medical attendance for the same period;
… by inflicting injuries which do not prevent the offended party from work nor require medical attendance;
… by ill-treating another by deed without causing injury
ART. 252 : PHYSICAL INJURIES INFLICTED IN A TUMULTUOUS AFFRAY
• … When serious physical injuries are inflicted upon the participants thereof, and the person responsible therefo cannot be identified, all those who appear to have used violence upon the offended party shall suffer the penalty next lower in degree than that for the physical injuries so inflicted…
… if of less serious nature… arresto from 5 to 7 days.