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1Chapter SECTION OPENER / CLOSER: INSERT BOOK COVER ART Defining Ethics Chapter 1: Ethics & Sources of Law Slide 2 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Defining Ethics Section 1.2 Sources of Law 1 Chapter Ethics and the Law Slide 3 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How ethical decisions are made (p. 6) When to apply the greatest good principle (p. 7) When to apply the golden rule principle (p. 8) Slide 4 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How to explain the nature of ethical character traits (p. 11) When law relates to ethics (p. 12) Slide 5 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How to explain the importance of law (p.12) How to resolve ethical and legal conflicts (p. 13) Slide 6 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Why Its Important Learning how to apply ethical principles will help you make ethical decisions. Slide 7 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Legal Terms morality (p. 6) ethics (p. 6) honesty (p. 11) justice (p. 11) compassion (p. 11) integrity (p. 12) law (p. 12) Slide 8 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law How Ethical Decisions Are Made Feelings and Opinions The Greatest Good The Golden Rule Ethical Character Traits Section Outline Slide 9 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Relationship Between Ethics and Law Why Law Is Necessary Ethical and Legal Conflicts Section Outline Slide 10 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Pre-Learning Question How do you make ethical decisions? Slide 11 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law How Ethical Decisions Are Made Determining the difference between right and wrong can be difficult. Individuals use different methods to choose the right thing to do in any given situation. Slide 12 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law How Ethical Decisions Are Made Morality involves the values that govern a societys attitude toward right and wrong. Ethics, in contrast, are the means for determining what a societys values ought to be. Slide 13 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law How Ethical Decisions Are Made Throughout your life, you will face many ethical problems. Adopting a consistent ethical standard can help you with big or small moral problems. Slide 14 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Feelings and Opinions Some people base their ethical standards on whether the act feels right. Slide 15 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Greatest Good Some people feel that an action that creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people is a sound basis for making ethical decisions. Slide 16 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Golden Rule Others base their ethical standards on the golden rule, which states: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you. Slide 17 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Ethical Character Traits Honesty is being open and truthful with other people. Justice is treating other people fairly and equally. Slide 18 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Ethical Character Traits Compassion is being sympathetic to the difficulties of others. Integrity is doing what is right regardless of personal consequences. Slide 19 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Describe the characteristics of justice. Slide 20 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law ANSWER Treating people fairly and equally. Slide 21 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Pre-Learning Question How do you think ethics relates to law? Slide 22 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law If everyone made the same ethical decisions with the same results, there would be no need for law. In the real world, however, some people engage in conduct that most people agree is wrong. The Relationship Between Ethics and Law Slide 23 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Why Law Is Necessary Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the government of a society to maintain stability and justice. Slide 24 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Why Law Is Necessary Law defines the legal rights and duties of the people and provides the means of enforcing these rights and duties. Slide 25 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Ethics and Legal Conflicts Because law is made by people, it is imperfect. Legislators and judges bring their own personal opinions on ethics to the lawmaking process. As a result, ethics and law will sometime conflict. Slide 26 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Define law. Slide 27 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law ANSWER Law is the rules of conduct established by the government of a society to maintain stability and justice. Slide 28 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 1. 1.Explain how ethical decisions are made. Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 29 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Answers will vary, but should refer to the different standards people use, such their feelings and opinions, the golden rule, or their own ethical character traits. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 30 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 2. 2.How can the greatest good principle lead to ethical decisions? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 31 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned It concentrates on consequences in a way that leads to ethical decisions. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 32 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 3. 3.How can the golden rule principle lead to ethical decisions? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 33 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned It tells each of us how to treat people based on rationality and can, therefore, lead to ethical decisions. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 34 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 4. 4.What are four ethical character traits? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 35 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Honesty, compassion, integrity, and justice Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 36 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 5. 5.How is law related to ethics? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 37 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Answers will vary, but should refer to the need for law because people do not always make the same ethical decisions with the same results. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 38 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 6. 6.Why is law important? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 39 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Answers will vary, but should recognize that law helps to maintain stability and justice in a society. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 40 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 7. 7.How can ethical and legal conflicts be resolved? Section 1.1 Assessment Slide 41 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Answers will vary, but should recognize that by looking at the reasons for specific conflicts, those conflicts may be resolved. Section 1.1 Assessment Answer Slide 42 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Assessment Critical Thinking Activity Ethics and Law Why is it important to be able to distinguish between actions that are ethical and actions that are not? Why is it important to be able to distinguish between ethics and law? Slide 43 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Assessment Answers will vary, but should recognize the value of knowing right from wrong and of distinguishing between how we determine our values and how we create the system of rules we live by. Critical Thinking Activity Answer Ethics and Law Slide 44 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Assessment Legal Skills in Action Developing Ethical Standards How would you respond to a friend who says she has never had a consistent set of moral standards? Slide 45 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Assessment With a partner, role-play a response to your friends lack of ethical philosophy. Explain how the ethical standards discussed in this chapter could help her develop a consistent set of ethical standards. Legal Skills in Action Developing Ethical Standards Slide 46 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 Assessment Role-plays will vary, but should demonstrate an understanding of the ethical standards discussed in this chapter. Legal Skills in Action Answer Developing Ethical Standards Slide 47 1Chapter SECTION OPENER / CLOSER: INSERT BOOK COVER ART Defining Ethics End of Section 1.1 Slide 48 1Chapter SECTION OPENER / CLOSER: INSERT BOOK COVER ART Defining Ethics Section 1.2 Slide 49 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How to recognize the various parts of the U.S. Constitution (p. 14) How to explain the components of common law (p. 17) Slide 50 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How to explain the purposes of statutory law (p. 18) How to identify the various ways that courts make law (p. 20) Slide 51 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law What Youll Learn How the government makes administrative regulations (p. 21) Slide 52 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Why Its Important Learning how the law is made will help you make decisions regarding your legal responsibilities. Slide 53 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Legal Terms Constitution (p. 14) common law (p. 17) precedent (p. 17) statutes (p. 18) Slide 54 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Legal Terms unconstitutional (p. 19) legislature (p. 19) administrative law (p. 21) Slide 55 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Five Main Sources of U.S. Law Constitutional Law Common Law Statutory Law Court Decisions Administrative Regulations Section Outline Slide 56 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Pre-Learning Question Why are there different sources of law? Slide 57 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Five Main Sources of U.S. Law of U.S. Law Although the five main sources of law may seem different, they all pertain to the law in some way. constitutional law common law Slide 58 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The Five Main Sources of U.S. Law of U.S. Law statutory law court decisions administrative regulations Slide 59 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Constitutional Law A countrys constitution spells out the principles by which the government operates. In our country, the most fundamental law is the U.S. Constitution. Slide 60 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The U. S. Constitution Sets forth the fundamental rights of citizens. Defines the limits within which the federal and state governments may pass laws. Describes the functions of different branches and divisions of our national government. Slide 61 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law The U. S. Constitution The U.S. Constitution consists of seven articles and 27 amendments. The articles establish the national government. The amendments outline the rights of the people. Slide 62 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law 1.2 The Articles of the Constitution of the United States, in order to form Article I.The Legislative Branch Article II.The Executive Branch Article III.The Judicial Branch Article IV.Relations Among States Article V.The Amending Process Article VI.National Supremacy Article VII.The Ratification of the Constitution Slide 63 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Common Law In the early days of English history, judges traveled in circuits around England deciding cases. Because there was no written law, judges made decisions based on customs and traditions. Slide 64 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Judges shared their decisions with other judges. They tried to share the same law in common with everyone else throughout the country. This practice formed the basis of common law. Common Law Slide 65 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Common law led to the doctrine of precedent, which means a judge is required to follow an earlier court decision when deciding a case with similar circumstances. Stare decisis means let the decision stand. Precedent Slide 66 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law How many amendments are there to the U.S. Constitution? Slide 67 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law 27 ANSWER Slide 68 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Statutes are laws specifically passed by a governing body, such as the U.S. Congress, state legislatures, and city councils. Statutory Law Slide 69 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law A statute may order people to do something, such as pay taxes or sign up for the military draft. A statute may also forbid people from doing something, such as discriminating in employment. Statutory Law Slide 70 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Federal statutes are laws passed by Congress and signed by the president. State statues are laws passed by a states own legislature, or body of lawmakers. Statutory Law Slide 71 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Federal and state statutes cannot conflict with the U.S. Constitution, or they may be ruled unconstitutional, or invalid. Statutory Law Slide 72 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Courts make laws in three ways: Court Decisions 1. 1.Through common-law tradition 2. 2.By interpreting statutes 3. 3.By judicial review Slide 73 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Sunflower City passed an ordinance that requires all commercial signage to incorporate a sunflower into the design. What is the source of this law? Slide 74 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law ANSWER Statutory law Slide 75 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Legislatures often give the power to regulate a particular kind of activity to an administrative, or regulatory, agency. Administrative law consists of those rules and procedures established by regulatory agencies. Administrative Regulations Slide 76 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 1. 1.What are the various parts of the U.S. Constitution? Section 1.2 Assessment Slide 77 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Articles, which establish the national government, and amendments, which outline the rights of the people. Section 1.2 Assessment Answer Slide 78 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 2. 2.What are the components of common law? Section 1.2 Assessment Slide 79 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Based upon previous court decisions Section 1.2 Assessment Answer Slide 80 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 3. 3.What are the purposes of statutory law? Section 1.2 Assessment Slide 81 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned To order people to do something or prohibit people from doing things. Section 1.2 Assessment Answer Slide 82 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 4. 4.How do the courts make laws? Section 1.2 Assessment Slide 83 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Using common law, statutory interpretation, and judicial review. Section 1.2 Assessment Answer Slide 84 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned 5. 5.How does the government make administrative regulations? Section 1.2 Assessment Slide 85 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Reviewing What You Learned Through the use of administrative agencies. Section 1.2 Assessment Answer Slide 86 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.2 Assessment Critical Thinking Activity Sources of Law Why is it important to be able to distinguish between the U.S. Constitution and statutory law? Slide 87 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.2 Assessment Answers will vary, but understanding the source of a law may help you understand the reason for the law itself. Critical Thinking Activity Answer Sources of Law Slide 88 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.2 Assessment Legal Skills in Action The Articles of Confederation The U.S. Constitution is not the original governing document for the United States. At one time, the national government was organized and operated under the Articles of Confederation. Slide 89 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.2 Assessment Legal Skills in Action The Articles of Confederation The Articles lasted only a decade, however. With a partner, conduct a research project to uncover the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. Slide 90 Understanding Business and Personal Law Defining Ethics Section 1.1 Ethics and the Law Section 1.1 AssessmentSection 1.2 Assessment Reports will vary, but should cite sources to support their findings. Legal Skills in Action Answer The Articles of Confederation Slide 91 1Chapter SECTION OPENER / CLOSER: INSERT BOOK COVER ART Defining Ethics End of Section 1.2