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Name _____________________________ Period ________
Biology Mid-Term Review Sheet2016-2017
I will take my Biology Mid-Term Exam on: _________________________
Part One: VocabularyFor each of the following vocabulary terms, write a definition or description in your own words, and describe or draw at least one example of each.
Vocabulary Word Definition/Describe Examples(Describe or Draw)
Scientific Method1. Hypothesis
2. Theory
3. Independent
Variable
4. Dependent Variable
5. Control
Properties of Water6. Element
7. Compound
8. Cohesion
9. Adhesion
10.Surface Tension
Molecules of Life (Biomolecules)11.Carbohydrates
12.Lipids
13.Proteins
14.Nucleic Acids
15.Monomer
16.Polymer
Characteristics and Origin of Life
17.Endosymbiosis
18.Stimulus (Stimuli)
19.Metabolism
20.Homeostasis
Cell Theory21.Prokaryote
22.Eukaryote
23.Cells
Cell Organelles24.Organelle
25.Nucleus
26.Mitochondria
27.Chloroplasts
28.Cytoplasm
29.Endoplasmic
reticulum
30.Vacuole
31.Ribosomes
Cell Membrane and Cell Transport32.Cell membrane
33.Cell wall
34.Passive transport
35.Diffusion
36.Osmosis
37.Facilitated diffusion
38.Active transport
39.Equilibrium
Circulatory System40.Circulatory system
41.Blood
42.Heart
43.Blood vessels
Excretory System44.Excretory system
45.Filtration
46.Reabsorption
47.Excretion
Nervous System48.Nervous system
49.Neuron
50.Reflex arc
Endocrine System51.Endocrine system
52.Hormones
53.Regulate
54.Glands
Defending the Body Against Disease (Bacteria, Viruses, Immune System)55.Bacteria
56.Virus
57.Bacteriophage
58.Inflammatory response
59.Antibiotic
60.Probiotic
61.Pathogen
Photosynthesis
62.Reactant
63.Product
64.Photosynthesis
65.Autotroph
66.Heterotroph
67.ATP
Energy Transformations in Ecosystems68.Ecosystem
69.Producer
70.Consumer
71.Decomposer
72.Food chain
73.Food web
74.Trophic level
75.Biomass
76.Energy
77.Energy pyramid
78.Succession
79.Stability
80.Competition
Part Two: Concept ReviewComplete the following or answer the question. Be specific and thorough.
Molecules of Life (Biomolecules):1. Circle the elements found in each of the four biomolecules below:
a. Carbohydrates: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur Phosphorus
b. Lipids: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur Phosphorus
c. Proteins: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur Phosphorus
d. Nucleic Acids: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulfur Phosphorus
2. Label each of the following monomers with: the monomer name, and the polymer name.
Characteristics and Origin of Life:3. List the 7 characteristics shared by all living things. Put a * next to the characteristic(s)
also shared with viruses.
4. Describe the main idea of the Endosymbiosis Theory using the following terms:mitochondria chloroplasts prokaryote eukaryote plants
animals
Cell Theory:5. Compare and contrast a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. You may draw a Venn
diagram.
Cell Organelles:6. Compare and contrast a plant and an animal cell. You may draw a Venn diagram.
Cell Membrane and Cell Transport:
7. What is the main component of the cell membrane? What is this component’s major function?
8. Proteins are also found in the cell membrane. What is the major function of proteins here?
9. What types of molecules move through diffusion?
10.What types of molecules move through osmosis?
Excretory System:11.How does the excretory system help to maintain homeostasis?
12.List three methods used by the body to excrete waste. For each, name the organs and body parts involved and describe how the waste is removed from the body.
Nervous System:13.What is the main function of the nervous system?
14.Draw a sketch of a neuron (nerve cell) and label the following:dendrite nucleus axon myelin sheath axon terminals
15.What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Endocrine System:16.How does the endocrine system help to maintain homeostasis?
17.What is a positive feedback mechanism? Describe an example of positive feedback.
18.What is a negative feedback mechanism? Describe an example of negative feedback.
19.Insulin levels are regulated by the endocrine system. a. What organ produces insulin in the human body?
b. What does insulin do in the body?
c. What disease is caused by decreased production of insulin?
Bacteria, Viruses, and Immune System:20.Why do most scientists consider viruses to be non-living?
21.Describe what happens inside the body during the inflammatory response. Include specific names of chemicals and blood cells.
22.Describe how bacteria can be beneficial to –a. Plants
b. Animals (including humans)
23.Compare/Contrast lytic and lysogenic cycle of viruses. Be sure to include the following: (a) how does the virus enter the cell? (b) what happens when the virus enters the cell? (c) what happens to the cell after the cycle is complete? (Feel free to draw a picture.)
Photosynthesis:24.What does the term “synthesis” mean?
25.Give at least 3 examples of synthesis.
26.In which part of the plant does photosynthesis occur?
27.Review the equation for photosynthesis below. Describe what the equation means in complete sentences using the following terms in your explanation:reactants products energy oxygen carbon dioxide chloroplast
glucose water
Energy Transformations in Ecosystems:28.Food Chains:
a. Draw a food chain that includes a producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, and tertiary consumer. Label all organisms in your food chain using these terms.
29.Food Webs:b. Examine the food web below.
c. Label each organism on the food web above using the following terms:decomposers producers primary consumersecondary consumer tertiary consumer
d. Circle the level which stores the greatest amount of energy.
30.Energy Pyramids:e. Examine the energy pyramid below.
f. Draw an arrow to show the direction that energy moves in the pyramid.g. Color the level where the most energy is available green.h. Color the level where the least energy is available blue.i. What are these levels called?