1b what is environment living in the environment

7/25/2019 1b What is Environment Living in the Environment

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Environmental Problems, Their

Causes, and Sustainability

G. Tyler Miller’s

Living in the Environment

14th Edition

Chapter 1

Sections 1 and 2



Sections 1 and 2

Key Concepts Sections 1 and 2

1) What keeps us alive? What is

an environmentally sustainable

soiety?

!) "o# $ast is human population

gro#ing? What are economic growth% economic development

and globalization?



Living More Sustainably Key Terms

Environment& is everything that a$$ets

living organisms.

Eology& 'iologial siene that studies

the relationships 'et#een living organisms

and their environment.

Environmental (iene& an

interdisiplinary study that uses in$ormation$rom physial sienes and soial sienes to

learn ho# the earth #orks% ho# #e interats #ith

the earth and ho# to deal #ith environmental

pro'lems.



hat is environmentalism!

A social movementdedicated to protecting the earth’s

environment.

Can include:

• Ecologists

• Biologists

• Geologists

• Environmentalists



hat Keeps "s #live! Capital

(olar apital& #ithout the sun there #ould'e no li$e. *What is the di$$erene 'et#een diret

and indiret solar energy?

+atural

,esoures&-ir% #ater% soil

et.

Fig. 1-2, p. 7



hat is an environmentally

sustainable society!

Meets the basic needs of its people

indefinitely without compromising future

generations ability to meet those sameneeds?



Population $ro%th Eponential

Gro#th& a/uantity

inreases at

a onstant

rate per

unit o$ time 0et#een

123 and!334 the#orldpopulation

inreasedeponentially $rom !.20 to .4 0.

Fig. 1-4, p. 8

Each year your college raises tuition 6%, does that mean

every year the tuition goes up the same amount?



orld Population $ro%th

1950: .5 !illion

00": #." !illion

100: $%1 !illion

Current avg growth rate12!%"year # 21$, people

per day or & million per

year '6( billion ) 12!*

&espite a 'old increase in

(orld(ide economic gro(th)

almost one o' ever* t(o

survive on less than +,-da*.


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/1b-what-is-environment-living-in-the-environment 9/41Fig. 1-1 p. 5

orld Population

Compare hunter"gathering, agriculture, and industrial revolution timeeriod



here is most population gro%th

occurring!



Economic $ro%th

+ross omestic -roduct '+-*. annual

market value o$ all goods and serviesprodued #ithin the ountry.

-er Capita '+/-*. G56 divided among

the population o$ the ountry.

An increase in the capacity of a country to provide its people with goods and services.

Economic evelopment. improving

living standards by economic growth



Economic &evelopment

eveloped Countries. 7(% anada%

8apan% -ustralia% +e# 9ealand and

most o$ Europe. "igh 6er apita G56.*1.! 'illion people)

eveloping Countries. 2.! 'illion people

living #ith very little. :; o$

population gro#th.

Eample& Meio 5aily Minimum Wage is a'out <4=dollars a da .



Percent ofWorld’s

Developingcountries

Developedcountries

Population

Populationgrot!

Wealt! and

inco"e

#esourceuse

Pollutionand aste

1$

81

%.1

1.&

85

15

88

12

75

25



'cono"ic Develop"ent

(rade-)ffs

*ood +es ad +es

*loal life epectanc/ douledsince 1$5%

0ife epectanc/ 11 /ears less in

developing countries t!an indeveloped countries

Food production a!ead ofpopulation grot! since 1$78

ar"ful environ"ental effectsof agriculture "a/ li"it futurefood production

nfant "ortalit/ cut in !alf since1$55

3ir and ater pollution don in

"ost developed countries since1$7%

+u"er of people living inpovert/ dropped & since 1$$%

nfant "ortalit/ rate in developingcountries over 8 ti"es !ig!er t!an

in developed countries

3ir and ater pollution levels in

"ost developing countries too!ig!

alf of orld’s peopletr/ing to live onless t!an 6

.9.: per da/



$lobali'ation

0e live in a world that is increasinglyinterconnected through economic, cultural

and environmental interdependence

What does that mean $or our environment?



$lobali'ation( # )e% Pros*Cons

ros• /haring ideas and

technolog* aroundthe (orld.

• Access to materialsonce unthina!le

e2ample: 'resh 'ruitsand vegeta!les *ear

round3

Cons• 4ealth not shared

euall*.

• ollution no( (orstin poor countries.

• 6oss o' local

identities.



Sections 1 and 2 +evie%

• 6ist , pros and consrelated to economicdevelopment.

• 6ist several di''erences !et(een developed anddeveloping countries7

• &escri!e e2ponential

gro(th as it related to population.

• 8o( ma* glo!aliationimpact the (orlds

environment7

• 4hat doesenvironmentall*sustaina!le societ*mean7

• 6ist , t*pes o' solarcapital and naturalcapital.

• 4hat is the current(orld(ide population78o( is that e2pected tochange7



Chapter 1 Sections ,- and

. Main /deas• 4hat are earth’s main t*pes o' resources7

8o( can the* !e depleted or degraded7

• 4hat are the principle t*pes o' pollution7

4hat can (e do a!out pollution7

• 4hat are the !asic causes o' toda*’senvironmental pro!lems7 8o( are the

causes connected7



+esources

6erpetual& rene#edontinuously on a

human sale.

,ene#a'le& an 'e

replenished $airly/uikly.

+on=rene#a'le& eist

only in $ied/uantities. *one they

are gone they are

gone.)

Fig. 1-& p. $



+ene%able +esourcesCan be depleted or degraded0

/ustaina!le ield: the

highest rate at (hich a

rene(a!le resource can

!e used (ithoutreducing its suppl*.

E2ample: over%'arming the land

leading to soil erosion) clear%

cutting 'orests.

Environmental

&egradation: (hen (e

e2ceed the natural

replacement rate o' theresource.

E2ample: ground(ater depletion)

(ater pollution.



Tragedy o the Commons134 $arrett 5ardin

&egradation o' rene(a!le'ree%access resources.

;<' < do not use thisresource) someone else(ill. =he little !it < useor pollute is not enough

to matter) and suchresources are rene(a!lean*(a*.>

/olutions7777



Ecological )ootprint

Fig. 1-7 p. 1%

Measure o$ the 'iologially produtive land

and #ater needed to support eah person.

1 hectare # 1 acres or 1, suare meters 'about 1 ootball ields*



6on7+ene%able +esourcesE8ist only in i8ed 9uantities on earth0

Energy ,esoures& suh as oal% oil and natural gas.

Metalli ,esoures&suh as iron% opper% aluminum

+on=Metalli

,esoures&(uh as salt% lay% sand

Eonomi 5epletionFig. 1-8 p. 11

0hen &% is gone it may be too costly to get the last 2%



+educe, +euse and +ecycleSaving 6onrene%able resources

?educe: @se less resource

?euse: =o use the resource

more than once toconserve.

?ec*cle: collectingresource) processing it

into ne( products.



Pollution( hat is it!

ollution is the presenceo' su!stances at highenough levels in air)(ater) soil or 'ood tothreaten humans orother living organisms.

ost pollution are unintended !* products o' use'ul activities.E2ample: driving cars gives o' pollutant.



Eects o Pollution

13 &isrupt or degradeli'e%supportings*stems 'or humans orother species.

3 Can damage (ildli'e)human health or

propert*.

,3 Can !* a nuisancesuch as noise) smell)sights.



Sources o Pollution

6oint (oure& pollutants that come

'rom one single)

identi'ia!le source

such as a pipe.

+onpoint (oure&

pollutants that are

dispersed and o'ten

di''icult to identi'*

such as 'arm or street

runo''.



&ealing ith Pollution

6revention *>nput ontrol)&,edued or eliminates pollutants $rom prodution

E-M6LE& driving more $uel e$$iient automo'ile



&ealing %ith Pollution

6ollution leanup *output ontrol)& leaning up or diluting pollution one in the

environment.

0hat are the problems with pollution cleanup?



E i t l d +



Environmental and +esource

Problems( . +oot Causes



Environmental /mpact

Fig. 1-16 p. 15



Environmental /nteractions

Fig. 1-14 p. 15

+oal or environmental science is to learn

about these comple3 interactions



Solutions

Fig. 1-1&, p.

h t i : $ t t



hat is :ur $reatest

Environmental Problem!!!!

5isease

@verpopulation

Water (hortages

limate hanges

0iodiversity Loss

6overty

Malnutrition



Sections ,-,. +evie% ;uestions

• 6ist and descri!e several ;root causes o'

environmental pro!lems.>

• &escri!e the di''erences !et(een point and non%point

source pollution.

• 4hat is an ;ecological 'ootprint7>• <denti'* several perpetual) rene(a!le and

nonrene(a!le resources.

• Anal*e the di''erences !et(een pollution preventions and pollution cleanup.

• &escri!e the ;=raged* o' the Commons.>

• &escri!e ;reduce)> ;reuse> and ;rec*cle.>



Environmental orldvie%s

6lanetary Management

Environmental Wisdom

(te#ardship

4oo5 up these worldviews or tomorrowand write which one you it into and why int. page 16

1b what is environment living in the environment

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