1.1. A mid-sagittal section of the human body would contain A mid-sagittal section of the human body would contain which of the following? Write the name of the smallest which of the following? Write the name of the smallest body cavity that each of the organs in your first answer body cavity that each of the organs in your first answer here would be located within.here would be located within.

a) The front half of all of the organsb) Both lungs and the heartc) Parts of the lungs, spleen and urinary bladderd)d) The heart, the stomach and the urinary bladder.The heart, the stomach and the urinary bladder.e) None of the above

Pericardial Abdominal Pelvic

2.2. When viewing a slide in the microscope, the When viewing a slide in the microscope, the object is faint and the field behind it is bright object is faint and the field behind it is bright white. Which of the following most likely white. Which of the following most likely needs adjustment?needs adjustment?

a) The objective

b)b) The diaphragmThe diaphragm

c) The coarse adjustment

d) The biggest adjustment

e) The ocular

3.3. Which of the following is not within the Which of the following is not within the thoracic cavity?thoracic cavity?

a)a) Pelvic cavityPelvic cavity

b) Pericardial cavity

c) Esophagus

d) a and b only

e) a, b and c

4.4. Choose the correct function of the structure at the arrow? Choose the correct function of the structure at the arrow? Write the name of one other substance that the organelle Write the name of one other substance that the organelle at the arrow below will synthesize and one that it breaks at the arrow below will synthesize and one that it breaks down as it detoxifies the cell’s colloidal interior.down as it detoxifies the cell’s colloidal interior.

a) Packages proteins

b) rRNA production

c) Cell division

d) ATP production

e)e) Steroid synthesisSteroid synthesis

Lipid synthesis Lipid metabolism (breakdown)

Use the following choices to answer the questions Use the following choices to answer the questions below:below:a) Distala) Distal b) Proximalb) Proximal c) Parietalc) Parietald) Superficiald) Superficial e) Viscerale) Visceral f) Deepf) Deep

5. Which term above best describes the location of the anti-brachial muscles in relationship to the brachial region? A.

6. Which term would be used to describe a membrane lining the body cavity found on the lateral sides within the chest? Write the complete name for the specific serous membrane that this describes. C. Parietal pleura

7. Which term best describes the location of an abdominal muscle in relationship to an organ? D.

8.8. Choose the letter that identifies the name the Choose the letter that identifies the name the region at the arrow and then list the organs that region at the arrow and then list the organs that could be damaged there with a knife wound.could be damaged there with a knife wound.

a) Epigastric

b) Right inguinal

c)c) Left hypochondriacLeft hypochondriac

d) Left inguinal

e) Hypogastric

Spleen, Stomach, Colon Spleen, Stomach, Colon (Large Intestine), Pancreas(Large Intestine), Pancreas

9.9.

11.11.

13.13.

10.10.

12.12.

14. Choose the letter below that correctly 14. Choose the letter below that correctly identifies the organelle at the arrow and then write identifies the organelle at the arrow and then write a sentence to describe its function.a sentence to describe its function.

a)a) Golgi apparatusGolgi apparatus

b) Mitochondrion

c) Smooth ER

d) Ribosome

e) Vacuole

Packages and modifies proteins Packages and modifies proteins coming from the rER within a vesicle coming from the rER within a vesicle that will be transported and fused that will be transported and fused with the cell membrane to facilitate with the cell membrane to facilitate exocytosis of its protein products as exocytosis of its protein products as we see happening directly below the we see happening directly below the arrow.arrow.

15.15. The name and function of the red dots The name and function of the red dots at the arrow are:at the arrow are:

a)a) Ribosomes; protein synthesisRibosomes; protein synthesisb) Lysosomes; intracellular

digestionc) Vacuoles; ATP productiond) Microtubules; absorptione) None of the above

16.16. The term The term hemocytoblast hemocytoblast refers torefers to::

a) Red phosphorous explosives

b)b) Type of Blood cell that makes other Blood Type of Blood cell that makes other Blood cellscells

c) Round worms

d) Liver cells

e) Reptilian reproductive organs

17. The microscope has been focused on 17. The microscope has been focused on 10X, once you switch the objective to 40X 10X, once you switch the objective to 40X you should:you should:

a) Focus with the coarse adjustment until the object is in focus again

b) Focus first with the fine adjustment, then with the coarse adjustment

c) Lower the staged) Never adjust the diaphragme)e) Use the fine adjustment to get the object in focus again.Use the fine adjustment to get the object in focus again.

18. The cell organelle that is involved in cell 18. The cell organelle that is involved in cell division and is composed of stacks of division and is composed of stacks of microtubules is the:microtubules is the:

a) Cilia

b) Nucleolus

c) Lysosome

d)d) CentrioleCentriole

e) Cytoskeleton

a) 0.5 mm

b)b) 0.1 mm0.1 mm

c) 2 mm

d) 5 mm

e) 0.8mm

19. If the diameter of the field of view 19. If the diameter of the field of view at 40X is 0.4mm and four cells span at 40X is 0.4mm and four cells span the length of the field, how long is one the length of the field, how long is one cell in mm cell in mm ANDAND in microns (show in microns (show your work)?your work)?

DiameterDiameter = = 0.4mm0.4mm = 0.1mm = 0.1mm# of cells 4 cells# of cells 4 cells

a) The forearm

b) The posterior knee

c) The shin

d) The shoulder blade

e)e) The chinThe chin

Oral cavityOral cavity

20. The mental area on the body would be? Write the name of the cavity that is found immediately superior to this region.

a. DNA is single stranded.b. RNA is found mostly within the

nucleus of the cell.c.c. DNA is found mostly within DNA is found mostly within

the nucleus of the cell.the nucleus of the cell.d. DNA carries out orders from

RNA.

21.21. Which of the following is one of the primary Which of the following is one of the primary differences between DNA and RNA? :differences between DNA and RNA? :

22. 22. Define and describe homeostasis as it relates to the three Define and describe homeostasis as it relates to the three component control loop that maintains its balance in the component control loop that maintains its balance in the human body..human body..

Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment regardless of external changes. This process can be explained by a three part control loop which includes receptors that monitor the body/send messages when changes occur, the messages that are then received by the CNS or control center of the body which includes the brain and spinal cord, and, (lastly) after the CNS determines what is necessary to stabilize the body, the targeting of effectors (muscles and glands) which begin to take action. Homeostasis is a negative feedback mechanism, meaning once the body becomes stable this process would stop or turn off. An example of this process occurring in the body is seen as the body maintains its internal temperature of 98.6o. When someone goes from a 70 degree room to the outdoors where it’s a scorching 110 degrees, a negative feedback loop would quickly kick in to maintain homeostatic balance. As we heat up internally, the body’s receptors would recognize the temperature change and send a sensory nerve impulse to the CNS (control centers within the brain and spinal cord) for analysis and interpretation as to what effector (muscles or glandular secretion) is appropriate and would reverse the imbalance efficiently and quickly enough to completely stabilize the body’s systems. In this case, the best effectors are in the form of sweat glands, embedded within the dermal layer of the skin covering our entire outer surface, which activate, release sweat onto our external surface, and quickly cool our core to 98.6 degrees. As the balance is re-established the receptor that initiated the loop, detects balance and stops sending the sensory signal that started the negative feedback mechanism to begin with; thus shutting it off as quickly as it was initiated.

18. 23.23. Is cell B a plant or Is cell B a plant or

animal cell? How animal cell? How can you tell?can you tell?

Animal cell because it Animal cell because it has no definite has no definite shape.shape.