(1960) how and why wonder book of our earth

8/12/2019 (1960) How and Why Wonder Book of Our Earth

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V t w

C [O F@ U


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ON[ H acl lnatcr 's j mofnr tc `clf@C[ HOF [@]LV ` ms o n w @ c w h o f [ ` y a c l l na t c r ' s j m o f nr ` c l f s t w n l v n t m t l ns 2h w c o f n r e u l w h y t c j u m lf y c u r c w o r n e nr n o a n l m j r hr y

M t ms _hvhmlhj ln e r c i t` n puj l m s`n rs c e @c w hof [ ` y j ccgs ec r : .4 4Q u p p l m n s h rn l m i m t n f s c s no f e c r y c u r s o c w .

Vrhosw crlf Tujl ms`nrs L mimtnf Ah s` Qhln s Fnpt. T.C. Jcx 88


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V@N @C[ HOF [@] [COFNZ JCCG CE

C ^ Z N ZV@J y E N L M P Q ^ V V C OMllustrhtnf jy B C @ O @^ LLNfmtcrmhl Trcfuatmco2 FCOHLF F. [CLE

Vnxt hof mllustrhtmcos hpprcvnf jyChgns H. [`mtnJrccglyo A`mlfrno's IusnuiJrccglyo, Onw ]crg

Nfmtnf uofnr t`n supnrvmsmco ceFr. Thul N. Jlhagwccf[hs`moktco, F. A.

V Z H O Q [ C Z L F T ^ J L M Q @ N Z Q L C O F C O


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MM o t r c f u a t m c o

Nhrt`, ht t`ms wrmtmok, ms stm l l t`n `cin ce hll gocwo pncpln. Hof t`cuk`mt ms euo tc spnaulhtn hjcut lmen co ct`nr plhonts mo cur sclhr systni hof moct`nr sthr systnis, icst ce us wmll acotmoun tc lmvn co nhrt`. Qc mt ihgns kccfsnosn tc lnhro hs iua` hjcut cur `cin plhont hs wn aho.

V`ms @cw hof [`y [cofnr Jccg ms h kccf kumfn tc lnhromok icrnhjcut t`n nhrt`. M t fnhls wmt` h vhrmnty ce tcpmas hof hoswnrs ihoy qunstmcos.@cw whs t`n nhr t` ecrinf3 [ `ht ms mosmfn t`n nhr t`3 [` ht ahusns vclahocns3[`ht fc ecssm ls tnl l us3 @cw hrn icuothmos hof snhs ecrinf3 Mofnnf, t`njccg ms rnhlly knclcky, t`n stufy ce t`n nhrt`, ihfn nhsy.

H ehsamohtmok hspnat hjcut t`n stufy ce t`n nhrt` ms t`ht wn aho snntcfhy t`n shin prcanssns t`ht `hvn jnno kcmok co ecr imllmcos hof imllmcosce ynhrs mo t`n phst. Znhfmok t`n jccg kmvns con h ennlmok ce lmvmok wmt` t`n`mstcry ce t`n nhrt` hof lnhromok hjcut mt ht t`n shin tmin.

Thrnots, tnha`nrs hof a`mlfrno hlmgn wmll prcemt erci rnhfmok t`n jccg.Mt ms surnly ho nssnotmhl hffmtmco tc t`n krcwmok @cw hof [`y [cofnr Jccgl mjrhry ce nvnry ycuok samnotmst .

Thul N. Jlhagwcc f

Fr . Jlhagw ccf m s h prcenss mco h l niplcynn mo t`n ^. Q . Ce e man ce N fua h t mco .V`ms jcc g whs nfm tnf jy `mi mo `ms pr mvh tn ahpha m ty ho f oc ce e ma mh l sup pcr t crnofc rsni not jy t`n Ce e man ce Nf uah t mco m s mo tnofnf cr s`cu lf jn moen r rn f.

Vrhoswcr lf Nfm t mco pujl m s`nf 8=5>Vrhoswcrlf Nfmtmco rnprmotnf 8=50Vrhoswcrlf Nfmtmco rnprmotnf 8=5=Vrhoswcrlf Nfmtmco rnprmotnf 8=;4Vrhoswcr lf Nfm t mco r npr motnf 8=;:Vrhoswcrlf Nfmtmco rnprmotnf 8=;6Vrhoswcr lf Nfm t mco r npr motnf 8=;5V`ms jccg `hs jnno spnamhlly rn-nfmtnf ecr pujlmahtmco mo Krnht Jrmthmo.

8=54, jy [cofnr Jccgs, Moa.Hl l r mk`ts rnsn rvnf uofnr Motn roh t mcoh l hof Tho -Hinr maho A cpyr mk`t Acovnot mcos .Tujlms`nf purs uhot tc hkrnnino t wmt` cwonr ce t`n trhfnih rg, [co fnr Jccg s, h fmvmsmco ce Krcssnt & Fu olhp , Moa. , Onw ]crg, ^.Q.H.Tujl m s`nf jy Vrhoswcr lf Tujl m s`nr s Ltf. , Anotury @cusn , 58/51 ^xjr mfkn Zchf, Nh l mok, Lcofco [> >QH.Trmotnf jy Turonll & Qcos Ltf. , Thultco (Hvco) hof Lc ofco


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Jnkmoomok ce t`n Nhrt`Qamnotmsts jnlmnvn t`ht hjcut h `uofrnft`cushof im l l m co ynh r s@ c w w h s

t`n nhrt` hkc t`n nhrt`, suo , hof hlle c r i n f 3 p l h o n t s e t`n sclhrsystni wnrn oct`mok jut

h alcuf ce aclf fust phrtmalns swmrlmokt`rcuk` nipty sphan.Krhfuhlly, t`nsn phrtmalns wnrn ht-

trhatnf tc nha` ct`nr hof ahin tcknt`nrtc ecri h `ukn, spmoomok fmsa. Hs mtspuo, t`n fmsa snphrhtnf motc rmoks, hoft`n eurmcus ictmco ihfn t`n phrtmalnsw`mtn-`ct.

V`n anotrn ce t`n fmsa jnahin t`nsuo, hof t`n phrtmalns mo t`n cutnr rmoks

turonf motc lhrkn emnry jhlls ce khs hoficltno lmqumf. V`no t`ny jnkho tc acclhof acofnosn hof thgn co sclmf ecri.H of ht lhst , scin ecur cr emvn t`cu shofimllmco ynhrs hkc, t`ny jnahin Nhrt`,Ihrs, Unous hof t`n ct`nr plhonts.Nssnotmhlly, t`n nhrt` ms acostruatnf

s c i n t ` m o k l m g n hjhsnjhll. Me ycu wnrntc aut h jhsnjhll motwc, ycu wculf snn

t`h t m t `h s h ac rn c e sc l mf rujjn r .[rhppnf hrcuof t`ms moonr acrn hrn hkrnht ihoy lhynrs ce `nhvy strmok. V`ms

[ ` h t m st`n nhrt` l mgnmo s mfn3

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strmok jmofmok ms sclmf, ynt mt ms oct hssclmf hs t`n rujjnr acrn, ecr mt wmll kmvnhof scintmins hltnr mts s`hpn uofnrprnssurn. V`n cutnr acvnrmok ms h t`molhynr ce `crsn`mfn w`ma` `clfs mo hllt`n rnst ce t`n jhll.V`n sclmf-rcag acvnrmok ce t`n nhrt`,ahllnf t`n arust, ms jntwnno tno hoft`mrty imlns t`mag i ua` t`moo nr moprcpcrtmco t`ho t`n `crsn`mfn acvnrmokce t`n jhsnjhll.

ôfnr t`ms arust ms h t`mag lhynr ce hfmeenrnot gmof ce rcag, w`ma` ms gocw ohs t`n nhrt`'s ihotln. V`n rcag ce t`nihotln ms sclmf, jut mt ms sclmf mo t`n

shin why t`ht t`n strmok wrhppmok cet`n jhll ms sclmf. ôfnr prnssurn mt wmllicvn slmk`tly hof a`hokn mts s`hpn.V` n iho tln nxtnofs tc h fnp t` ce 8,044imlns.

Noalcsnf jy t`n ihotln ms t`n nh rt`'sacrn. ôlmgn t`n anotrn ce h jhsnjhll,t`n anotrn ce t`n nhrt` ms ihfn up cetwc ph r t s 2 ho cutnr acrn hof ho moonr

H s t`n m l lus t rh t mcos mof mah tn , t `n acos t rua t mc o c e t `nnhr t` ihy jn aciphrnf tc t`ht ce h jhsnjhl l . V`nnhr t` s acvnr mok ms ah l lnf t `n arust. ôf nr mt ms t`nihotln. [ mt` mo t`ht ms t`n acrn (anot rn ce t`n nh r t`) .

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acrn. Jct` hrn acipcsnf ce i nthl icstly mrco, wmt` scin omagnl jutt`n cutnr acrn ms lmqumf hof t`n moonracrn ms sclmf. Ht t`n vnry anotrn ce t`nacrn, t`n tnipnrhturn ms hjcut 0,444fnkrnns oct iua` lnss t`ho t`n tni-pnrhturn co t`n surehan ce t`n suo.

V`n tcthl fmsthoan erci t`n nhrt`'ssurehan tc mts anotrn hvnrhkns hpprcxm-ihtnly 1,=54 imlns.Oc samnotmema mostruinot `hs nvnr pnon-trhtnf icrn t`ho twc

@ c w a h o w n X r t ` r n i m l n m o t X. . . . . t`n nhr t` , @cw, t`no,mos mfn ce t`nnhr t` m s l m gn3 h r n w n h j l n t 4 t n l 8w`ht t`n mosmfn ce t`n

nhrt` ms lmgn3 V`n hoswnr ms2 jy t`nhatmco ce nhrt`quhgns.

V ` c u s h o f s c e n h r t ` q u h g n s c a a u rnvnry ynhr mo ihoy phrts ce t`n wcrlf.Icst ce t`ni hrn tcc slmk`t tc ahusnfhihkn, jut hll ce t`ni snof cut s`cagwhvns t`ht pnontrhtn hll t`rcuk` t`nnhrt`, nvno t`n fnnpnst phrts.

V`nsn nhrt`quhgn whvns hrn ce twcjhsma gmofs2 T (prmihry) whvns, hof Q( snacofh ry ) whvns . T whvns t r hvn le h s t n r t ` h o Q w h v n s . T w h v n s k ct`rcuk` l mqumfs, ju t Q whvns aho' t . V `nspnnf ce jct` T hof Q whvns vhry ha-acrfmok tc t`n fnpt` ce t`n nhrt` t`ny`hvn pnontrhtnf. Jct` jn`hvn fmeenr-notly w`no phssmok t`rcuk` fmeenrnotgmofs ce rcags.

[`no t`nsn whvns acin jhag tc t`nsurehan, t`ny hrn rnacrfnf co h fnlmahtnm o s t r u i n o t a h l l n f h snmsickrhp`

Jy s tufy mok t`n spnnf hr mf jn`hv mcur c e nhr t`quhgn whvns, sa mnot ms ts aho tn l l w`ht t`n mos mfn ce t`n nhr t` ms l mgn.

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ACQIMAZH] ACQIMA ZH]FN Z Q A V N F J ]IHKONVMA E MN tF

ihkontmaTCLN

. - Q @ M

O w t m m c s @ONHCOC M MON Q C eKONVA EMNMF NHZV@'Q IHKONVMA E MNLF

V ` ns n f m h k r h i s s ` c w t ` n i h k o n t m a e m nl f c e h j h r i h k o n t (l ne t ) h o f t` n i h k o n t m a e m nl f c e t ` n n h r t ` ( r m k ` t ) . O c t nt `h t t ` n O c r t ` h o f Q c c t ` I h k o n t m a T c l n s h r n o c t m o t ` n s h i n p c s m t m c o s h s t ` n k n c k r h p ` m a O c r t ` h o f Q c u t ` T c l n s .

(QMRN-ic-krhe). Hof mt ms jy stufymokt`n spnnf hof jn`hvmcur ce t`n T hof Qwhvns t`n fmsthoa n t`ny `hvn trhv-nllnf erci t`nmr pcmot ce crmkmo, t`nfnpt`s ht w`ma` t`ny `hvn jnno rn-elnatnf hof j not, hof t`n tmin mt `h sthgno ecr t`ni tc ihgn t`nmr bcurony t`ht samnotmsts hrn hjln tc fntnri monw`ht t`n mosmfn ce t`n nhrt` ms lmgn.

[`y fcnsh aciphsspcmot ocrt`3

V`n ehat t`ht t`n nhrt` ms h kmkhotmaihkont whs fmsacvnrnficrn t`ho h t`cushofynhrs hkc. Jut pncplnf m f o c t g o c w w ` h t

t`ny `hf fmsacvnrnf. V`ny gonw t`htme h onnfln whs strcgnf jy h lchfstcon(h imonrhl, w`ma` ms h ohtur hl i hk on t),t`n onnfln wculf hlwhys pcmot ocrt`.Jut t`ny suppcsnf t`ht t`n onnfln whshttrhatnf jy t`n Ocrt` Qthr. [n gocwocw t`ht t`n onnfln ms httrhatnf jy t`nOcrt` Ihkontma Tcln.

[n gocw tcfhy t`ht t`n ihkontmapcln ms hs iua` hs h t`cushof imlnserci t`n trun, cr knckrhp`ma, pcln. Jutt`n twc pclns hrn hlwhys bust hjcut t`nshin fmsthoan hphrt.

[ ` h t ah u s n s t ` nihkont m a e m n lf3

V`nrn hrn h krnht ihoy t`moks hjcutt`n nhrt`'s ihk-ontmsi t`ht samno-tmsts stmll fc oct

gocw. Jut t`n icst wmfnly haanptnft`ncry ms t`ht t`n ihkontma emnlf ms sntup jy nlnatrma aurrnots fnnp wmt`mo t`nnhrt`'s lmqumf acrn. V`nsn aurrnots hrnarnhtnf w`no i monrhls ce f meenrnot tni-pnrhturns hof fmeenrnot nlnatrmahl prcp-nrtmns acin tcknt`nr. V`ms inhos t`htt`n mosmfn ce t`n nhrt` ms h `ukn, ohturhlknonrhtcr, w`ma` ms acosthotly turomokina`homahl nonrky (t`n nhrt`'s rcthtmcohof t`n icvninot ce t`n lmqumf acrn)motc nlnatrmahl nonrky. Hof, ce acursn,wn gocw t`h t hll ihkontma emnlfs hrn t`n

;


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Vhgn ho crfmohry onnfln erci ycuri c t ` n r ' s s n w m o k

@ c w a h o y c u j h s g n t h o f s t r c g n gi h g n y c u r . ,4 h e n w t m i n s h l-c w o a c i p h s s 3 whys mo t`n shin fm-rnatmco wmt` h tcy ihk ont w`ma` ycuaho juy ecr h enw pnoan mo hoy tcystcrn. Ocw aut h vnry t`mo slman erci hocrfmohry jcttln acrg, hof elcht mt co tcpce h klhss fms` eull ce whtnr. Tlhan t`nonnfln co t`n acrg, hof mt wmll ihgnt`n acrg swmok hrcuof uotml t`n onnflnms pcmotmok ocrt` hof scut`.Erci t`nmr stufmns ce hoamnot rcags hof

ecssml homihls hof@ h vn t` n O c r t` p l h o t s m o iho f Qcut` pc lns , , ,, . ph rts ce t`n wc rlf,n vn r a` h o kn f rt`n m r pcs m t mcos3 knc lckms t s gocwt`ht scin lhofs

w`ma` ocw `h vn h trcpmahl almihtn coanlhy jurmnf jnonht` s`nnts ce klhamnr man.V`ny hlsc gocw t`ht w`ht hrn ocw t`nHratma hof Hothratma rnkmcos ht contmin nobcynf h iua` whrinr almihtn.V`nsn stufmns sukknstnf t`ht t`n Ocrt`hof Qcut` pclns `hf s`metnf t`nmr pcsm-tmcos t`rcuk`cut nhrt` tmin, hof, ceacursn, t`n Hratma hof Hothratma man-ahps `hf icvnf wmt` t`ni.

Qamnotmsts aho ocw inhsurn t`n vnrywnhg ihkontmsi ce ihoy fmeenrnot

E r c i i n h s u r n i n o t s c e t ` n i h k o n t m s i c e h o a m n o tr c a g s , h s w n l l h s e r c i s t u f m n s c e e c s s m l h o m i h l s h o fp l h o t s , s am n o tm st s g o c w t ` h t t ` n k n c k r h p ` m a O c r t ` h o fQ c u t ` T c l n s c e t ` n n h r t ` ` h v n a ` h o k n f p c s m t mc o s .

rnsult ce nlnatrma aurrnots, hof hll nlna-trma aurrnots hrn surrcuofnf jy ihk-ontma emnlfs.


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gmofs ce rcags. Qcin ce t`ms wnhg ihk-ontmsi ms lnet cvnr erci t`n crmkmohlihkontmsi kmvno tc t`n rcags w`not`ny wnrn emrst ecrinf ihoy imllmcosce ynhrs hkc. Qmoan t`ms crmkmohl ihk-ontmsi fcns oct pcmot tc t`n pclns hst`ny lmn tcfhy, wn iust hssuin t`htt`nmr lcahtmcos `hvn s`metnf smoan t`nrcags wnrn ecrinf.

Emvn `uofrnf imllmco ynhrs hkc, t`nOcrt` Tcln whs onhr t`n nquhtcr mo t`n

nhstnro Thamema. Con `uofrnf hof snvno-ty imllmco ynhrs hkc, nhrly mo t`n H kn ceFmocshurs, mt lhy mo Qmjnrmh.

Qc, smoan t`n pclns `hvn s`metnf mo t`nphst, t`nrn ms oc rnhsco tc jnlmnvn t`htt`ny wmll oct acotmoun tc fc sc mo t`neuturn. @uofrnfs ce imllmcos ce ynhrserci ocw, t`n pclhr manahp imk`t vnrywnll jn scinw`nrn mo Acoonatmaut crAhlmecromh cr Ghoshs, w`mln Hlhsgh `hsh trcpmahl almihtn.

^p`nhvhls mo t`n Nhrt`

[`ht ahusnsnh r t`quhgns3

Icst ce t`n tmin, t`n surehan ce t`nn h r t ` m s e m r i h o fs t n h f y . J u t s c i n -t m i n s t ` n k r c u o f

s`hgns hof trnijlns, bhrrmok ihssns cercags lccsn erci icuothmosmfns, ahus-mok emssurns (ohrr cw cpno moks) mo t`n

surehan, hof gocagmok fcwo jumlfmoksmo amtmns hof tcwos.

[n gocw t`ht t`n t`mo cutnr arustce t`n nhrt` ms ecrinf ce uonvno lhynrsce fmeenrnot gmofs ce rcags. V`nsen rcagshrn sujbnat tc acosthot prnssurns, oct

Trn ssu rn s w m t` m o t` n n h r t ` ( m o f m ah t n f jyh r r cw s ) , w m l l a h u s n r c a g l h y n r s t c j r n h g .


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coly erci t`n rcag lhynrs t`ht lmn hjcvnt`ni, jut hlsc erci ecrans wmt`mo t`nnhrt` mtsnle. V`nsn prnssurns jnof t`nrcags hof ahusn t`ni tc a`hokn s`hpn.

Me t`nsn prnssurns hrn krnht nocuk`,t`n rcag lhynrs ihy suffnoly jrnhg mo t`n shin why t`ht h stmag wmll kmvnbust sc ehr w`no ycu jnof mt mo ycur`hofs, hof t`no suffnoly sohp mo twc.

[`no t`ms `hppnos, t`n rcags jrnhghphrt hof sohp jhag bust hs t`n twcjrcgno nofs ce t`n stmag fc. V`ms suf-fno sohp bhrs t`n nhrt`'s arust hof

ahusns mt tc s`hgn. Hof t`ms icvninotms ahllnf ho nhrt`quhgn.

@ c w w n r nt`n icuoth mose c r i n f3

Me wn wnrn hjln tc slman cpno h icuo-thmo rhokn sua` hst ` n Z c a g m n s , t ` nHofns cr t`n Hlps,wn wculf snn t`ht

t`n lhynrs ce rcags `hf jnno jrcgno,jnot hof aruiplnf. [n wculf hlsc emoft`ht ihoy ce t`n rcag lhynrs t`ht ocwtcwnr t`cushofs ce ennt hjcvn snhlnvnl wnrn coan ecrinf ht t`n jcttci

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ce t`n canho. [n gocw t`ht t`ms `hp-pnonf jnahusn t`n ecssml rnihmos cesnh homihls `hvn jnno ecuof mo rcagsco t`n tcpicst pnhgs.

Erci t`nsn ehats, wn acoalufn t`htt`n icuothmos wnrn ecrinf erci t`nrcags ce hoamnot snh elccrs hof t`htpcwnreul ecrans erci wmt`mo t`n nhrt`jrcgn hof eclfnf hof rhmsnf t`nsn rcagsmotc t`nmr prnsnot pcsmtmcos.

[`no t`n icuoth mo rhokns rcsnslcwly cut ce t`n snh mo t`ms why, ct`nrecrans jnkho h t coan t c kc tc w crg .

Qwmet-elcwmok strnhis hof slcw-icvmokklhamnrs jnkho tnhrmok t`n icuothmoshwhy. (V`ms prcanss ce wnhrmok hwhy usuhlly, wnhrmok hwhy lhof jy t`nhatmco ce icvmok wh tnr ms ahllnfnrcsmco.) Lhofslmfns icvnf ihtnrmhlerci `mk`nr plhans tc lcwnr cons. Hsscco hs t`n icuothmos rcsn hjcvn t`nsnh, nrcsmco jnkho tc fnstrcy t`ni.

Knclckmsts jnlmnvn t`ht t`n surehance t`n nhrt` ms acosthotly a`hokmok mot`ms why t`h t t`n nh rt`'s a rust ms moacosthot ictmco, lmgn t`n whvns co t`n


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surehan ce h snh. Jut mostnhf ce rmsmokup hof lnvnllmok cee hkhmo mo h splmt-snacof, hs snh whvns fc, t`n icvninotce t`n "whvns" ce t`n nhrt`'s surehan msinhsurnf mo tnris ce `uofrnfs ce iml-lmcos ce ynhrs.V`n sclmf rcag lhynrs w`ma` ecri t`n

n h r t ` ' s a r u s t h r n[ `h t ahusns . , . ,t ` m a g n r m o s c i nvc l ah o c n s 3 plhans t`ho i ct`nrs,hof f m rna t ly uofnronh t` t`ni, t`nnhr t` ' s m o t n roh l t nipnrh tu rn m s `c tnocuk` tc inlt rcag. V`ms icltno rcagms gocwo hs ihkih ( I H K - i h ) .N r u p t m co c e h v c l a h o c 2 I c u o t T c p c a h t n p n t l m o I n x m a c .

Ht anrthmo plhans uofnr t`n arust,ihkih acllnats mo rnsnrvcmrs cr pccls.Hs t`ms ihkih wnlls up cut ce t`n mo-smfns ce t`n nhrt`, mt pus`ns khsns h`nhfce mt. Hs t`n khsns jnacin icrn hoficrn tmk`tly aciprnssnf, t`ny nxnrt htrninofcus prnssurn hkhmost t`n uofnr-smfn ce t`n arust. Me t`ms caaurs ht hplhan w`nrn t`n arust ms wnhg, cr w`nrnho hoamnot nhrt`quhgn `hs arnhtnf hjrnhg mo t`n rcag, t`n imxturn ce khshof ihkih jrnhgs t`rcuk` t`n arhaghof nrupts co t`n surehan mo t`n ecrice lhvh.

Hs t`n lhvh kus`ns cut t`rcuk` t`narhag mo t`n nhrt`, mt accls hof sclmfm-emns hof, mo tmin, ecris h acon hrcuoft`n cpnomok t`ht krcws `mk`nr hof`mk`nr. Mo t`n nof mt jnacins h vcl-ahoma icuothmo.

Qcintmins h vclahoc gnnps nruptmokhof t`rcwmok cut krnht alcufs ce sicgnhof hs`ns hof strnhis ce lhvh ecr ihoyynhrs ht h tmin. V`no, w`no nocuk` cet`n motnrohl khsns `hvn jnno rnlnhsnftc nhsn t`n prnssurn erci ehr uofnr-krcuof, t`n nruptmco stcps. V`n lhvh


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mosmfn t`n acon t`no accls ho f pluks upt`n arhag mo t`n arust. Cetno, ihoyynhrs lhtnr, t`n prnssurn jumlfs uphkhmo, jlcws cut t`n pluk ce sclmf lhvh,hof t`n vclahoc nrupts coan icrn.

stcon knysnrs hrn t`n icst ouinrcushof icst spnathaulhr. ]nllcwstcon'sicst ehicus knysnr, "Clf Ehmt`eul,"nrupts ht ehmrly rnkulhr motnrvhls cehjcut ho `cur.

knysnr t`rcwcut stnhi3

Knysnrs imk`t jn fnsarmjnf hs sihllfmsth ot a cusmos ce vcl-[`y fcns h a h o c n s ? e c r t ` n y t C Xhrn arnhtnf jy t`nnhrt`'s motnrohl `nht.

[htnr erci t`n surehan pnontrhtnsfnnp fcwo motc lcok vnrtmahl arhags mot`n uofnrlymok rcag w`ma` hat hs oht-urhl "whtnr pmpns." [`no t`ms whtnrsmogs fnnp nocuk`, t`n `nht ce t`nnhrt` ahusns mt tc jcml. V`no t`n w`clnacluio ce whtnr hof stnhi s`ccts upcut ce t`n tcp ce t`n "pmpn" tc prcfuant`n jnhutmeul ec uo thm o fmsplhy ec r w`ma`knysnrs hrn ehicus. Hetnr t`n knysnr`hs nruptnf, t`n w`cln prcanss jnkmoshll cvnr hkhmo.Knysnrs nxmst mo coly t`rnn plhans mot`n wcrlf2 Manlhof , Onw Rnh lhof hof]nllcwstcon Ohtmcohl Thrg mo t`n wnst-nro ^omtnf Qthtns. Ce t`nsn, t`n ]nllcw-

@ c w a h o y c ui h g n y c u rc w o k n y s n r 3

]cu aho ihgn ycur cwo knysnr jy put-tmok h euoonl icut`-fcwo mo h shuanpho.E m l l t `n pho wm t`whtnr uotml coly t`n

onag stmags cut. Tlhan h spcco cr scinct`nr sihll cjbnat uofnr con lmp ce t`neuoonl sc t`ht t`n whtnr aho knt uofnrmt. Oc w p ut t`n p ho co h emrn. H s t`nN r u p t m c o c e h k n y s n r 2 C l f E h m t ` e u l m o ] n l l c w s t c o n .

7mbp lkbs m m e e l m lh Q J l Q


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ahin `nhvy nocuk`, t`n icmsturn aco-fnosnf hof jnkho tc ehll jhag tc nhrt`mo t`n ecri ce rhmo. Jut t`n surehan whsstmll rnf-`ct, hof hs t`n ehllmok rhmo-

whtnr ht t`n jcttci ce t`n pho jcmls, mtms ecranf cut ce t`n tcp ce t`n tujn, mot`n shin why t`ht h knysnr nrupts.

@ c w w n r n t ` nsnhs ec rinf3

Hs t`n icltno rcag t`h t ecri nf t`n sur-ehan ce t`n ycuoknhrt` jnkho tc acclhof sclmfmey, khsns

jujjlnf up cut ce t`n snnt`mok motnrmcrce t`n klcjn hof nsahpnf motc t`n ht-icsp`nrn t`ht surrcuofnf mt . @nrn t`nyacllnatnf tcknt`nr motc krnht alcufs cewhtnr vhpcur. [`no t`nsn alcufs jn-

frcps hpprcha`nf mt , t`ny jcmlnf hwhyhof rnturonf motc t`n uppnr hticsp`nrnhs vhpcur.]cu aho snn `cw t`ms `hppnonf jy

`nhtmok h krmffln co h stcvn. [`no t`nkrmffln ms `ct, slcwly frcp whtnr co mterci ho nyn-frcppnr. ]cu wmll snn t`hths t`n frcps ce whtnr tcua` t`n `ct sur-ehan ce t`n krmffln, t`ny miinfmhtnlyjcml hwhy hs stnhi vhpcur.

Qc, ecr prcjhjly imllmcos ce ynhrs,


17/52


18/52

Q p r m o k t m f n s 2 Q u o , n h r t ` h o f i c c o h r n m o h s t r h m k ` t l m o n . O n h p t m f n s 2 V ` n i c c o m s h t r m k ` t h o k l n s t c t ` n su o .

t`n nhrt` whs surrcuofnf jy h `nhvyjlhognt ce rhmo alcufs t`ht whs ihoyimlns mo t`magonss noflnssly aco-fnosmok, ehllmok hs rhmo, hof t`no jnmokjcmlnf jhag up motc t`n sgy hkhmo.

V`no, slcwly, t`n nhrt`'s arust `hrf-nonf hof acclnf. Hof ht lhst t`n surehanrcags jnahin sc accl t`ht t`nmr `nhtwculf oc lcoknr jcml whtnr. Hof t`nrhmo t`ht `hf jnno acllnatmok ecr hllt`nsn imllmcos ce ynhrs up mo t`n t`magjlhognt ce alcufs jnkho tc ehll mo honvnr-nofmok tcrrnot.

Ecr `uofrnfs, pnr`hps t`cushofs ceynhrs, t`n rhmos ahin pcurmok fcwo moh sclmf alcufjurst. V`ny lnvnllnf ceeicuothmo rhokns hof aut krnht vhllnysmo t`n nhrt`. Hof w`no ht lhst t`n fnl-ukn `hf slcwnf hof stcppnf, t`n lcwnstl n v n l s c e t ` n n h r t ` ' s w r m o g l n f h o feclfnf arust `hf jnno emllnf up wmt`whtnr. V`nsn wnrn t`n emrst canhos.V`n rmvnrs t`ht elcw harcss t`n ehan ce

t`n lhof ahrry imllmcosce tcos ce smlt hof snfm-i n o t f c w o t c t ` n

canhos nha` ynhr. V`nsn fmssclvnf ih-

[` y m s s n hw h t n r s h l t y 3

tnrmhls acothmo onhrly hll t`n imonrhlst`ht hrn ecuof mo t`n nhrt`, moalufmokvhst quhotmtmns ce shlt.

V`n `nht ce t`n suo nvhpcrhtns, crfrmns up, scin ce t`n whtnr co t`n snh'ssurehan hof snofs mt jhag motc t`n hmrhs wh tnr vhp cu r. V`n rn mt acofnosns motcalcufs hof ehlls jhag tc nhrt` hs rhmocr socw.

Jut mo t`ms prcanss ce nvhpcrhtmco,t`n imonrhls hrn lnet jn`mof mo t`ncanhos. Qcin ce t`ni, lmgn mrco hofahlamui, hrn hjscrjnf jy t`n snh's hom-ih ls hof plh ots. J ut t` n shlt ms oc t usnfjy nmt`nr t`n homihls cr plhots hof scmt acotmouns tc acllnat mo t`n snh monvnr-moarnhsmok quhotmtmns.

[ ` h t a h u s n st`n t mfns3

Hoycon w`c `hs jnno tc t`n snhs`crn`hs snno t`n fhmly njjhof elcw ce t`n tmfns.H t anrthmo tmins ce

fhy t`n lnvnl ce t`n whtnr rmsns, usuhllytno cr twnoty ennt. V`no mt rnanfns hoflnhvns h lcok, nipty strnta` ce jnha`jn`mof mt. V`ms ms ahusnf jy t`n krhvm-thtmcohl pull ce t`n suo hof t`n icco.

Furmok t`n pnrmcfs ce onw icco hof85


19/52

eull icco, t`n suo, t`n n hrt` ho f t`nicco hrn hll mo h strhmk`t lmon. Hof scjct` icco hof suo wcrg tcknt`nr tcahusn nxtrninly `mk` tmfns, gocwo hs"sprmok tmfns."

Co t`n ct`nr `ho f, w`no t`n ic co msmo t`n emrst hof t`mrf quhrtnr, mt ms htrmk`t hoklns tc t`n suo. ôfnr t`nsnacofmtmcos, t`n pull ce t`n suo hoficco tnof tc ceesnt nha` ct`nr, hoftùs t`n tmfns hrn lcwnr. V`nsn hrnahllnf "onhp tmfns."

Jut t`nrn hrn ct`nr puzzlmok t`mokshjcut t`n tmfns t`h t ah ooc t jn nxplhmonfjy t`n smipln ecran ce krhvmty.Hrcuof icst ce t`n Htlhotma, t`ntmfns acin hof kc twman h fhy. Jut mophrts ce t`n Thamema hof Mofmho Canhos,t`n tmfn acins mo coly coan h fhy. HtOhotuagnt Mslhof, cee t`n achst ce Ihs-

shaùsntts, `mk` tmfn a`hokns t`n lnvnlce t`n whtnr coly hjcut con ecct. Jutmo t`n Jhy ce Euofy, coly h enw ùo-frnf imlns ocrt` ce Ohotuagnt, t`nwhtnr lnvnl a`hokns hs iua` hs ecrtyennt.

V`ns n fmeenrnoans hrn ahusnf jy t`nmrrnkulhrmtmns ce t`n canho elccr.

V`n elccr ce t`n snh ms oct elht, jutmostnhf ms acipcsnf ce vhst jhsmos,scin jrchfnr hof fnnpnr t`ho ct`nrs.Mo t`nsn jhsmos t`n snh whtnr kcns jhaghof ec rt` lmgn t`n wh tnr mo h fms`pho crjht`tuj w`no mt ms fmsturjnf. Jut whtnrmo h jht`tuj rnhats icrn vmclnotly t`howh tnr mo h s`hllcw pho. H of , mo t`n shinwhy, t`n fmsturjhoan arnhtnf jy t`n pullce t`n icco hof suo co t`n canho'swhtnrs, ms hlwhys iua` krnhtnr w`nrnt`n canho jhsmo ms fnnpnr.

Qcuvnomrs ce t`n Thst

@ c w w n r n s n hecss m ls ihfn3

Emvn ùofrnf imllmco ynhrs hkc t`nrnwhs oc lmen ht hll cot`n lhof, coly mo t`nwhri whtnrs ce t`n

snhs. Hof nvno mo t`n snh t`nrn wnrnoc typns ce ems`ns hs wn gocw t`nitcfhy. V`nrn wnrn coly wcris, sohmls,spcokns hof prmimtmvn arhjlmgn arnh-turns.

[`no t`nsn homihls fmnf, t`nmr jcf-mns shog motc t`n smlt hof i uf ce t` ncanho elccr, hof t`n aurrnots acvnrnft`ni up wmt` stmll icrn iuf. V`no, hst`cushofs hof imllmcos ce ynhrs wnotjy, t`n snh jcttci slcwly `hrfn onf motc

rcag. V`n jcfmns ce t`n homihls fnahynfhof fmshppnhrnf, jut t`n rnihrghjlyfnthmlnf cutlmons ce t`nmr ecris wnrnprnsnrvnf ecrnvnr mo t`n rcag.

V r m l c j m t n ( h o n x t m o at s n h h o m i h l ) n i j n f f n f m o r c a g .

8;


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T Z N - A H I J Z M H O N Z H T H L N C R C M A N Z H

[ ` h t f cw n l n h r oe rci ecss m l s 3

V`no prnssurns erci mosmfn t`n nhrt`krhfuhlly jnot t`n lhy-nrs ce rcag hof lmetnft`ni cut ce t`n whtnr.V`ny rcsn up ht t`n

rhtn ce con cr twc moa`ns nvnry enwt`cushof ynhrs, hof ht lhst jnahin t`ntcps ce ic uothmos. H of samnotmsts ecuoft`n ecssml rnihmos ce t`n lcok-fnhf snharnhturns, oct co t`n elccr ce t`n canhomotc w`ma` t`ny `hf suog, jut co `mkìcuothmo pnhgs.

Mt ms jy stufymok t`nsn ecssmls ce hom-ihls hof plhots t`ht wn hrn hjln tclnhro hjcut t`n gmof ce lmen t`ht nxmstnfco cur nhrt` w`no mt whs vnry ycuok.

Jy stufymok ecssmls, wn ocw gocwt`ht t`n emrst lmen prcjhjly hppnhrnf conhrt` hjcut twc t`cushof imllmco ynhrshkc mo t`n ecri ce h gmof ce hlkhn, t`nkrnno saui t`ht wn cetno snn co t`nsurehan ce pcofs mo t`n suiinrtmin.

V`no, hjcut emvn cr smx ùofrnf iml-lmco ynhrs hkc, ahin t`n emrst prmimtmvnecris ce homihl lmen sua` hs wcris hofbnllyems`ns. Ecllcwmok t`ni wnrn t`nems`ns, t`n emrst homi hls wmt` jha gjc ons.Hof t`no, scint`mok lmgn twc ùofrnfimllmco ynhrs hkc, t`n emrst hip`mjmhos(hi-EMJ-mhos) whfflnf cut ce t`n snhc o t c t ` n l h o f , f n v n l c p n f l u o k s h o flnks , ho f jna hi n t`n e mrs t h m r -j rnh t` mo kh o m i h l s .

V ` n s lc w f n v n l c p i n o t c e lm e n w n o t c o c e t ` n r n p t m l n s ( m o a l u f m o k f m o c s h u r s )h o f ce t ` n i h i i h l s ( m o a l u f m o k i h o ) .Hof t`n w`cln s tcry ce l m en m s t`nrn ecrus tc s nn hof s tufy mo t`n "p ma tu rn jccg"c e t`n ec s s m l -jnh r mok rcags .V`n ehan ce cur nhrt` ms a`hokmok nvnry

IMLL MCO Q CE]N HZQ HKC >:4 664

V ` n h k n s c e t ` n n h r t ` h r n f m v m f n f m o t c n r h s c e k n c -l c k m a h l ` m s t cr y . V ` n s n n r h s h r n e u r t ` n r f m v m f n f m ot cp n r m c f s w ` m a ` f n s m k o h t n t ` n s y s tn i c e r c a g s e c r i n ff u r m o k n h a ` p n r m c f . V ` n a ` h r t h j c v n h l s c m o f m a h t n st ` n e c r i c e l m e n f c i m o h o t mo n h a ` p ` h s n c e ` m s t c r y .

@hs t`nn h r t ` h l w h y sj nno t `n s hi n3

fhy, bust hs mt `hsjnno a`hokmok nvnrsmoan t`n fhwo cearnhtmc o. Me wn lccgalcsnly, wn aho snn

nvmfnoans ce t`ms nvnr-prnsnot a`hokn hllhrcuo f us. Het nr h `nhvy rhmo, t`n whtnrce h strnhi ms iuffy. V`ms inhos t`htt`n rhmo `hs whs`nf hwhy scml erci conplhan hof t`n strnhi ms ahrrymok mt tchoct`nr. Qlcwly jut surnly, t`n `mllst`rcuk` w`ma` t`n strnhi elcws hrnjnmok wcro fcwo hof lnvnllnf cee.

80


21/52

T H L N C R C M A N Z H

?z?R '

m?z

HIT@MJMHOQ

I N Q C R C M A N Z H

80>

ZNTVMLNQ

/"VQ,_Qlltl

814

-H

A N O C R C M A N Z H

o

HK N CE IHIIHLQHiiii-eamt, ' et"-

54

- .U

F u rm o k p n r m c f s c e t ` n n h r t ` ' s k n c l c k m a h l ` m s t c r y , k r n h t l h o f i h s s n s p r c j h j l y a c o o n a t n f ( e r c i l n e t t c r m k ` t ) ,Q m j n rm h h o f H l h s g h , Q c u t ` H i n r m a h h o f H e r m a h , N o k l h o f h o f Q a h o f m o h v m h . E c s s m l n v m f n o a n s u p p c r t s t ` ms .

Mo t`n shin why, t`n tuijlmok whvnsce t`n canhos whs` hwhy t`n shofs cet`n jnha`ns hof hltnr t`n s`hpn ce t`ns`crnlmons.

Hkhmo, knclckmsts aho rnhf t`n `ms-tcry ce t`n a`hokmok acotmonots mo t`n"pmaturn jccg" ce t`n rcags.

Ecssmls ce homihls t`ht coan lmvnf colhof `hvn jnno ecuof ht t`n jcttci cet`n snh. V`ms mofmahtns t`ht t`nsn phr-tmaulhr snh jcttcis wnrn ht con tmin hphrt ce t`n fry lhof. H of t`ms snnis rnh-scohjln, smoan wn `hvn lnhronf t`ht t`n

tcps ce iho y ic uothmos coa n lhy ht t`njcttci ce t`n snh.

[ ` h t w h s t ` nnh r t` l m gnlc o k h kc 3

H ahrneul stufy ce t`nsn ecssml aluns`hs kmvno samnotmstst`n ecllcwmok pmaturnc e w ` h t c u r n h r t `iust `hvn jnno lmgn

ht vhrmcus pnrmcfs ce knclckma `mstcry.Ht con tmin, h jrmfkn ce lhof prcj-

hjly acoonatnf ocrt`nro Nurcpn wmt`Krnnolhof. Hoct`nr sua` lhof jrmfknpcssmjly nxtnofnf jntwnno Qphmo hof

8=


22/52

w`ht ms ocw t`n nhstnro achst ce t`nômtnf Qthtns. Ht stmll hoct`nr sthkn mot`n lcok `mstcry ce t`n a`hokmok aco-tmonots, Hermah, Hustrhlmh hof Qcut`Hinrmah wnrn hll phrt ce t`n shin ihssce lhof hof ecrnsts ce enro trnnskrnw harcss w`ht hrn tcfhy t`cushofsce imlns ce cpno whtnr.

Vw c ùof rnf i mllmco ynhrs hkc, icstce Ocrt` Hinrmah whs uofnr whtnr.V`no, hs t`n icuothmos co t`n nhst hofwnst ninrknf hjcvn t`n whvns, h krnhtmolhof snh acvnrnf w`ht hrn ocw t`nimfwnstnro sthtns.

V`no, iua` lhtnr, furmok t`n QtconHkn, ihoy t`cushofs ce ynhrs hkc,t`n Jrmtms` Mslns hof t`n scut`nro tmpce Qwnfno wnrn acoonatnf tc t`n aco-tmonot ce Nurcpn. H vhst swhipy plhmoemllnf mo w`ht hrn ocw t`n Ocrt` Qnhhof t`n Noklms` A`hoonl. V`n ZmvnrV`hins mo Noklhof hof t`n Z`mon moKnrihoy elcwnf tcknt`nr tc arnhtn conimk`ty strnhi.

Ht hjcut t`ms tmin, tcc, Qmjnrmh whsprcjhjly acoonatnf tc Hlhsg h jy h lhofjrmfkn harcss t`n Jnrmok Qtrhmt. Mt msjnlmnvnf t`ht nhrly iho iust `hvn im-krhtnf harcss t`ms jrmfkn erci Hsmh tcjnacin t`n hoanstcrs ce t`n HinrmahoMofmhos. Ihiict`s, t`n ùkn, eurryecrnruoonrs ce nlnp`hots, hpphrnotlytccg t`ms shin rcutn mo t`nmr trhvnls,ecr t`nmr jcons `hvn jnno ecuof mo t`nHinrmaho fnsnrts.H klhamnr ms h rmvnr ce man t`ht "elcws"

fcwo h icuothmosmfn.[ ` h t a h u s n s V a, . o Lmgn h rmvnr ct ruoomo kh k l h a m n r 3 awhtnr, mt auts cut hstrnhi jnf ecr mtsnle hof trhospcrts

vhst hicuots ce rcag hof scml erci t`nicuothmo's tcp hof smfns tc t`n vhllnyjnlcw.

Klhamnrs hrn ecrinf mo `mk` plhansw`nrn t`nrn ms socw hll t`n ynhr rcuof.Hs erns` socw ehlls hof pmlns up co t`nsocws ce prnvmcus wmotnrs, t`n socwemnlfjnacins fnnpnr hof `nhvmnr uotml t`njcttci lhynrs hrn aciprnssnf motc hs`nnt ce sclmf man.

[`no t`ms ùkn ihss ce socw hof manrnha`ns h anrthmo t`magonss, mt jrnhgshwhy ce mts cwo wnmk`t hof jnkmos tcslmfn, cr "elcw," fcwo t`n icuothmo.V`no onw lhynrs ce socw hof man acl-lnat mo t`n arnvman ihfn w`no t`n klh-amnr tcrn mtsnle erci t`n icuothmo whll.

H klhamnr elcws vnry slcwly, usuhllycoly h enw moa`ns h fhy. Mt acotmounsfcwowhrf uotml mts lcwnr nfkn rnha`nsh pcmot co t`n icuothmosmfn w`nrn t`ntnipnrhturns hrn whri nocuk` tc inltsocw hof man mo sui in r. V` nrn mt jnkmostc inlt, hof t`n whtnr gnnps kcmok como t`n ecri ce strnhis hof rmvnrs.

Me h klhamnr nofs ht t`n nfkn ce t`nsnh, lhrkn aùogs ce mt jrnhg cee hofjnacin manjnrks.

[ ` h t w h st`n m an hkn3

V`cushofs ce ynhrs hkc, h snrmns ce klh-amnrs sprnhf scut`whrferci t`n Ocrt` Tclnhof jurmnf icrn t`ho

con ecurt` ce t`n nhrt`'s lhof surehanuofnr h arus`mok s`nnt ce man. V`n manacvnrnf hll ce w`h t tcf hy ms Aho hfh , hllce Onw Noklhof hof Onw ]crg, t`nnotmrn Krn ht Lh gns hrnh hof i hoy phrtsce t`n wnstnro plhmos.

Hs t`n k rnh t k lha mn r s s lcwly hf-v h o a n f , t ` n y l n v n l l n f ic u o t h m o s ,: 4


23/52

[ htnr, [ htnr Nv nryw `nrn

@ c w h r nr mvnrs ecrinf3

`nhvy rhmo eh lls co h `mllsmfn, h ofwhtnr frmps erci t`nlnhvns ce t`n trnns tct`n krcuof. V`nrn m t

inrkns wmt` c t`n r elcws ho f ht lhst,l tcknt`nr, t`ny jnaci n h sihll j rccg .

Jy t`n tmin t`n whtnr rnha`ns t`nvhllny t`ht lmns jntwnno t`n `mlls, `uo-frnfs, pnr`hps t`cushofs, ce t`nsn lmttlnrmlls hof rmvulnts `hvn elcwnf tcknt`nrtc ihgn h jrchf rmvnr. Hof ocw t`naurrnot slcws fcwo, hof t`n rmvnr jn-acins icrn lnmsurnly hof uo`u rrmnf.

Nvnr smoan t`n whtnr sthrtnf ruoomokfcwo erci t`n `mll tcp, m t `hs jnno ahr-rymok pnjjln s hof j mts ce scml hlcok wmt`mt. Ocw, hs t`n rmvnr slcws fcwo, mt ihy

tnr hs t`n man inltnf ho f t`n klhamnrsrnanfnf.

V`ny lnet jn`mof t`cushofs ce onw

ma` ih rgnf t`n mr lcw nr nfkn .

h am nr s h r n j c f m n s c e m a n i c v m o k f c w o i c u o t h m o s c r v h l l n y s , e c r i m o k w ` n o s o c w e h l l s a h o ' t i n l t e h s t n o c u k ` .


24/52

H r m v n r m s s n n o w m o f m o kf c w o e r c i t ` n i c u o t h m o s .

lnhvn scin ce t`n `nhvmnr phrt ce mtslchf hlcok t`n why. V`nsn fnpcsmts cestcons hof smlt cetno arnhtn ho cjstrua-tmco mo t`n rmvnr jnf t`h t ah usns t`n aur-rnot tc swnrvn tc t`n cppcsmtn jhog,w`ma` mt t`no tnofs tc saccp cut.

Mo turo, t`ms saccpnf-cut jhog snofst`n aurrnot jhag tc t`n cppcsmtn smfnhkh mo. Ho f t` n rnsult ms h snrmns ce aurvnst`ht ihgn t`n rmvnr wmof erci smfn tcsmfn lmgn h kmhot sohgn.

V ` n s u o ' s ` n h t n v h p c r h t n s w h t n r h o f e c r i s a l c u f s .

H s t ` n s u o r m s n s , t ` n s c m l h o f t ` n h m r j n k m o t c ` n h t u p .


25/52

[`ht ahusnselccfs

Qcintmins rhmoehlls ihy jn sc uousu-h l l y ` n h v y t ` h t t ` no c r i h l r m v n r j h o g sahooct acothmo t`ni.

V`no t`n rmvnrs cvnrelcw motc t`n sur-rcuofmok lhof hof ahusn h elccf.Elccfs aho jn tnrrmjly fnstruatmvn.V`ny cetno whs` hwhy enrtmln tcpscmlhof ihy lnhvn t`n lh of uoe mt ec r au ltmvh-tmco ecr ynhrs tc ecllcw . V`ny hrn frnh ffnstrcynrs ce prc pn rty, sci ntmins w hs`-mok hwhy notmrn tcwos h of thgmok h `cr-rmjln tcll ce `u i ho lmvns.

@cwnvnr, scin elccfs `hvn kccf rn-sults mostnhf ce jhf. Qua` ho cvnrelcw-mok ce whtnr ms t`n hoouhl elccfmok cet`n Omln Zmvnr mo Nkypt.

Nha` sprmok, hs rnku lhr hs alcagw crg,t`n `nhvy rhmos ce an otrhl H erm ah pc urmotc t`n `nhfwhtnrs ce t`n Omln hofahusn mt tc cvnrelcw t`n jhogs ce mtslcwnr vhllny. V`ms krnht vcluin cewhtnr sprnhfs cut cvnr t`n fnsnrt hoflnhvns jn`mof mt h rma` fnpcsmt ce scmlt`ht `hs jnno whs`nf fcwo erci t`nicuothmos ce t`n motnrmcr.

Mo t` m s e n r t m l n ac h t mo k c e sc m l , t `nNkyptmhos krcw t`nmr arcps ce acttco,erumt hof krhmo. V`n o, he tnr h ynh r ` hs

F m h k r h i c e v n r y e n r t m ln l h o f g o c w o h s h r m v n r f n l t h

phssnf hetn r t`n arcps `hvn jnno `hr-vnstnf hof t`n lhof `hs hkhmo jnnojhgnf fry jy t`n tcrrmf fnsnrt suo t`n elccfs rnturo tc ihgn t`n nhrt` rma`hof enrtm ln coan icrn.

[ ` h t m sh fn l t h 3

H krnht rmvnr lmgn t`n Imssmssmppm pcursimllmco s ce khllcos ce wh tnrh fhy jhag motc t`n snh.V`ms whtnr acothmos iml-

lmcos ce tcos ce iuf hof smlt hof rcagerhkinots w`ma` t`n rmvnr `hs jnnoahrrymok fcwo cut ce t`n lhof t`rcuk`w`ma` mt `hs elcwnf.

Hs t`n swmet aurrnots ce t`n rmvnr `mt

= ehm

Me a lc u f ms j l c w o tc a c c l p l h a n 2 r h m o e h l l s 7 t c w h r i p l h a n 2 i c m s t u rn m s h j s c r j n f h o f a l c u f f m s h p p n h r s .

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Qcin ce t`ms whtnr, `cwnvnr, ms fn-tcurnf co mts bcurony hof trhppnf ecrh tmin mo lhgns.

Lhgns hrn enf jy rmvnrs, hof hlscfrhmonf jy t`ni. [`nrn t`ms twc-whysystni ce mo-thgn hof cut-kc ms wcrgmok,t`n whtnr ce t`n lhgn ms hs swnnt hs t`htce t`n rmvnrs, hof ms gocwo hs h erns`-whtnr lhgn. Jut w`nrn t`nrn ms oc cutlnterci t`n lhgn, t`n whtnr jnacins shlty.

V`n Ahspmho Qnh mo Hsmh Imocr, t`nlhrknst lhgn mo t`n wcrlf, ms h shlt-whtnrlhgn. Qc hrn t`n Fnhf Qnh mo t`n ImfflnNhst hof t`n Krnht Qhlt Lhgn mo ^th`.V`n lhrknst erns`-whtnr lhgn ms LhgnQupnrmcr, co t`n ^omtnf Qthtns-Ahoh-fmho jcrfnr. M tms1>4 imlns lcok hof 854imlns wmfn. Qnacof mo smzn ms Lhgn Uma-tcrmh mo Hermah.Lhgns, hs h w`cln, hrn t`n lnhst pnrih-onot ce t`n nhrt`'s[ ` y f c l h g n s ` m a e n h t u r n sh o f s w h i p s r , ,, 4 Nvno ht t`n ici notf ry up 3 t`ny hr n jcro , t`ny jn-kmo tc fry up . Hll lhgns, nvno t`n lhrknstcons, hrn mo t`ms acotmoucus frymok-upprcanss. Lhgn Qupnrmcr, ecr nxhipln, mscoly h rniohot ce h coan iua` lhrknrlhgn t`ht whs ecrinf jy h klhamnr.

t`n `nhvmnr, qumntnr whtnrs ce t`n snh,t`ny hrn qumagly slcwnf fcwo. Hs hrnsult, miinosn quhotmtmns ce t`ms iufhof smlt snttln tc t`n jcttci ht t`nrmvnr's icut` tc arnhtn h wmfn, elht hrnhce vnry enrtmln lhof gocw o hs h fnlth.V`n fnlths ce t`n Imssmssmppm hof t`nOmln, phrtmaulhrly, hrn gocwo ecr t`n nx-trninly rma` ehri lho fs w`ma` t`ny `hvnjumlt up cvnr t`n anoturmns. Hof icstce t`n acuotry w`ma` ms ocw t`n Ont`nr-lhofs whs jumlt up erci fnlths ce t`nZ`mon hof ct`nr rmvnrs w`ma` elcwnferci t`n Kn ri ho `mk`lhofs fcwo tc t`nOcrt` Qnh.Hll ce t`n whtnr mo t`n wcrlf icvns mo

h acotmoucus ayaln.[ ` h t a h u s n s V ` n u o n v h p c r h t n se rns`- ho f sh l t - . . r, , , S mt erc i t`n sureh anw h t n r l h g n s 3 ce t`n snh. V`nrn mtacofnosns hof ehlls jhag tc t`n nhrt` hsrhmo. Hof t`n rhmowhtnr elcws t`rcuk`rmvnrs jhag tc t`n snh hkhmo.V ` n N v n r k l h f n s 2 H k r n h t t r ha t c e E l c r m f h s w h i p l h o f .


27/52

Qtrhoknly nocuk `, t`n rmv nrs t` ht en nflhgnshofmll`ni up hrn hlsc t`n inh osce nvnotuhlly fnstrcymok t`ni. Hs sccohs h lhgn jhsmo ms ecrinf, t`n ennfmokrmvnrs jnkmo tc fnpcsmt lhrkn quhotmtmnsce smlt hof snfmin ot co t`n lhg n jc ttci .Cvnr hlcok nocuk` pn rmcf ce tmin, t`nsnfnpcsmts emll t`n lhgn jnf aciplntnly,turomok mt emrst motc h swhip hof t`no hinhfcw. Emohlly, t`n lhst ce t`n whtnrruos cee mo rmvnrs hof acotmouns co mtsmotnrruptnf bcurony tc t`n snh.

V`n krnhtnst nxphosn ce swhiplhofmo t`n wcrlf, t`n Elcrmfh Nvnrklhfns, mst nrnihmomok phrt ce w `ht w hs coan t`ncanho elccr. V`n lhof rcsn up, hof t`nlmon ce t`n snh rn trn htn f, j ut oc t eh rnocuk` tc fry up t`n hrnh aciplntnly.

@cwnvnr, t`n Nvnrklhfns hrn krhfu-hlly kcmok fry. Thrts ce t`ni `hvn jnnofrhmonf hrtmemamhlly tc arnhtn ehrilhofshof tcwosmtns, jut jy fcmok t`ms, iho`hs coly `nlpnf tc spnnf up Ohturn'sprcanss. Qtrnhis `hvn hlrnhfy jnkuo tcthgn ecri mo t`n 'Klhf ns, hof mo tmint`ny wmll snrvn t`n shin purpcsn hs t`niho-ihfn frhmohkn fmta`ns. V`no, coscin fmsthot fhy, t`n notmrn hrnh ce t`nNvnrklhfns wmll jn rma`, enrtmln ehrimokhof rhoa`mok acuotry.

Xumagshof ms h vnry lccsn, vnry lmk`tgmof ce shof w`ma` ms

. , MQ imxnf wmt` wh tnr. Mt msq u m a g s h o f 3 usuhlly ecuo f mo swhipshof ct`nr wnt plhans co tcp ce h `nhvyalhy jhsn t`rcuk` w`ma` t`n whtnr aho-oct frhmo cee.

Xumagshof lccgs lmgn crfmohry shof,w`ma` ms w`y uoluagy homihls, hofscintmins pncpln, stuijln motc mt jyimsthgn hof smog. ^olmgn krhmos ce crfm-ohry shof, w`ma` `hvn hokulhr nfkns,qumagshof krhmos hrn rcuof. V`n uofnr-lymok whtnr snphrhtns t`ni hof lmetst`ni up mo h snosn, mt "elchts" t`ni hof t`us t`n shof aho oct susthmosclmf wnmk`t. Hoy `nhvy cjbnat t`htehlls motc qumagshof smogs hs t`cuk`t`rcuk` whtnr, jut iua` icrn slcwly.

schgnf up jy t`nnhrt`. Qcin ce mt

Nvnry tmin mt rhmos, h anrthmo hicuot cer h m o w h t n r m s@ c w f c n s w h t n rkn t uofnrt` n k r c u o f3

ms `nlf j y t`n scml,hof ennfs t`n rccts ce krcwmok plhots.Jut icst ce mt snnps co fcwo tc h lnvnlw`nrn hll t`n arhags hof cpnomoks mot`n uofnrlymok rcags hrn aciplntnlyemllnf wmt` w htnr.

Mofnnf, t`nrn ms icrn whtnr uofnrt`n krcuof t`ho t`nrn ms mo hll t`n sur-ehan lhgns hof pccls.

Hs h ruln, t`n lnvnl ce t`ms uofnr-krcuof whtnr tnofs tc ecllcw t`n aco-tcurs ce t`n nhrt` 's su rehan. Ec r t`ms rnh-sco mt ms pcssmjln tc knt w htnr erc i h wnllfrmllnf co tcp ce h `mll hs wnll hs ercicon frmllnf mo t`n vhllny jnlcw.[`no t`n lnvnl ce t`ms uofnrkrcuofwhtnr acins motc acothat wmt` t`n sur-

:>


28/52

QT Z M OKQ CAA^Z [@NO [H VNZ E L C[Q L H VNZH L L ]H AZCQQ [H VNZ VH JL N , NI NZKM O K H V Q^ZE H AN

T NZI NH JL N QH OFQVCON

ehan usuhlly co t`n smfn ce h `mll t`n whtnr snnps cut tc arnhtn h sprmok.V`ms sprmok whtnr ms acclnr hof usuhllythstns swnntnr t`ho rmvnr whtnr jnahusnmt `hs oct jnno nxpcsnf tc t`n `nht cet`n suo.

FZMLLNF [NLL TNONVZHVNQ FNNT MOVC RCON CE QHV^ZHVMCO.[HVNZ I^QV JN T^ITNF C^V.

Me h wnll ms frmllnf fcwo tc thp t`msmiprmsconf whtnr supply, t`n prnssurnerci nmt`nr smfn wmll ecran t`n whtnr tct`n surehan. Me t`nrn ms h ohturhl arhagmo t`n nhrt`, hof me t`n prnssurn ms krnhtnocuk`, t`n whtnr wmll kus` up lmgn hohturhl ecuothmo.

Cetno t`n whtnr mo hrtnsmho strnhiselcws `uofrnfs ce imlns, erci t`n plhan

JNLV CE QCML ICMQV^ZNMOVNZINFMHVN JNLV

[HVNZ VHJLN

[NL L

M 8 I I

[ ` h t m s h ohr tns m ho e lcw3

Qcintmins h lhynr ce whtnr-jnh rmok rcagms noahsnf jy strhthce sclmf rcag co tcphs wnll hs uofnr-

onht`. V`ms, t`no, jnacins h scrt ceohturhl "whtnr pmpn" erci w`ma` t`nwhtnr mosmfn ahooct nsahpn. V`ms whtnr-jnhrmok strhth ms ahllnf ho hrtnsmho (hr-V N N - z ` h o ) elcw.

H Z V N Q M H O [ N M LQCINVMINQ ELC[QVC Q^ZEHA N EZNNL][NL L

w`nrn mt fnsanofnf motc t`n nhrt` hsrhmo tc t`n pcmot w`nrn mt ninrkns hkhmoerc i wnlls. E cr t`ms rnhsco smoan t`nyhrn oct fnpnofn ot up co lcahl acofmtmcosce rhmo ehll hrtnsmho wnlls usuhlly sup-ply ho noflnss scuran ce whtnr, nvno motmins ce nxtrnin frcuk`t, w`no ct`nrwnlls mo t`n vmamomty kc fry.

[HVNZ VHJLN ^Q^HLL] ECLLC[Q Q@HTN CE NHZV@

[ ` h t m sa c o o h t n w h t n r 3

Icst uofnrkrcuof whtnr, hs wn `hvns nno , ac i ns e r c irhmo t`ht snnps motct`n nhrt`. Jut t`nrn

ms stmll hoct`nr gmof, ahllnf acoohtnwhtnr, t`ht `hs lhmo snhlnf up mo pcag-nts ce rcag fnnp wmt`mo t`n nhrt` ecrihoy imllmcos ce ynhrs.

[`no t`n snfminothry rcag ecrih-


29/52

A C O O H V N , C ZVZHTTNF [HVNZmcos wnrn emrst ec ri nf c o t` n jc ttc i se t`n hoamnot snhs, h anrthmo hi cu ot cenh whtnr whs trhp pn f mosmfn ce t`n i .

ahin ph rt ce t`n lhof , t`n trh pp nfH a c i i c o n x h i p l n ce a c o o h t n

[H V N Z

f m hk r hi c e h a c o o h t n , c r t r h p p n f , w h t n r f n p c s m t2 m-QMMlmm l l

V`n Nhr t`s Qur ehan

[`ht ms hfnsnrt l mgn3

lnss fnsnrt, mt snnis tcjn wmt`cut lmen. Nxanptecr h enw s`rmvnllnf

uj jus`ns ho f a ha tus spmons, t` nrnhlicst oc v nkn thtmco tc acvnr t`nnran, fry w mof `hs jlcwo t`n rcag s

Jy fhy, t`n `ct, emnry jhll ce t`n suoy sc jlhzmokly t` ht h ih o acu lf oc tn ecr i crn t` ho ho ` cu r cr tw c w mt`-

, t`n tni pnr htur n i hy f rcp sc

Mt rhrnly rhmos mo t`n fnsnrt, hof

erci t`n sgy. [`no t`ms `hppnos, t`nfnsnrt plhots krnnfmly frmog up t`nicmsturn hof stcrn mt mo t`nmr lcok rccts,sc t`ht mt wmll acotmoun tc ocurms` t`nifurmok t`n lcok, `ct fry spnll t`ht mssurn tc ecllcw.F u o n s h r n s h o f p m l n s s w n p t t c k n t ` n r j y t ` n w m o f .


30/52

V`n snnfs ce t`n fnsnrt plhots lmnfcrihot mo t`n fry nhrt` ecr icot`s,hof nvno ynhrs, ht h tmin. V`no t`nihkma ce t`n rhmo tcua`ns t`ni hofcvnromk`t t`ny jurst motc klcrmcus lmen,jrmnely acvnrmok t`n notmrn fnsnrt wmt`h jrmllmhot acht ce ihoy aclcurs. V`no,bust hs qumagly hs t`ny jlccinf, t`nywmt`nr hof fmn, whmtmok, mt wculf snni,ecr t`n onxt rhmo tc jrmok t`ni jhag tclmen hkhmo.

@ c w a h o w m o fh o f r h m oah rvn rcags3

[n gocw t`ht wmof hof whtnr hrnacosthotly ht wcrgrns`hpmok t`n sur-ehan ce t`n nhrt`.Tn r` h p s t ` n ic s t

uousuhl nxhiplns ce t`ms nrcsmvn hatmcoaho jn ecuof mo t`n fnsnrts ce t`nHinrmaho [nst .

V`n strhokn rcag ecrihtmcos pma-turnf `nrn hrn mo Jryan Ahoyco Oh-tmcohl Thrg, mo ^th`.


31/52

V`n hat mco ce whtnr cvnr h pnr mc f ce im l l mco s ce ynhrs nrcf nf t`n plhmo t`h t ms tcfh y Jryan Ah oyco . T moo halnsce hihz mok s`hpns hof ac lc urs `hvn bus t l y ihfn t`n ahoyco w cr lf - ehi cus . Mosnt ( ln e t ) ms h oh turh l j r mfkn.

Ht con tmin, t`ms wh s h jrc hf , shofyn rmvnrs t`ht elcwnf h arcs s mt fms-

y tmoy jmt uo tml, ht lhst, Jry an

V`n hatmco ce t`n wmof ms onhrly hss t`ht ce w htn r.

Mo fnsnrt rnkmcos, t`n wmof jlcwshwhy t`n shof hof s`mets m t erci plhantc plhan, cetno lnhvmok cutarcppmoks cejhrn rcag. V`no t`n wmof-jlcwo shofms jlhstnf hkhmost t`n rcag wmt` t`nshin neenat t`ht shofphpnr `hs w`noycu ru j mt harcss h pmnan ce w ccf. K rhf-uhlly t`n rcag ms wc ro hwhy t`nscetnr phrts kcmok emrst hof t`n `hrfnrphrts rnihmomok. V`n rnsults hrn cetnosua` cff hof jnhutmeul pmnans ce wmof-


32/52

hof-shof saulpturn hs ohturhl rcagjrmfkns cr jhlhoanf rcags t`ht lccg lmgnkmhot tcps.[n `hvn snno t`ht t`n ecrans ce ohturn

hrn acosthotly ht@ c w ` h s i h o`n l p nf t c a `hok nt`n sur ehanc e t`n nhr t`3

w c r g a ` h o k m o kt`n surehan ce t`nnhr t` . Iho `hsh l s c f c o n ` m s

s`hrn tc hltnr t`n hppnhrhoan hof a`hr-hatnrmstmas ce phrts ce t`n lhof. Qcin-tmins, hs mo t`n mosthoan ce t`n hrnh mot`n Qcut`wnst ce t`n ^omtnf Qthtnsw`ma` whs hpprcprmhtnly ahllnf t`nFust Jcwl, t`ms `hs `hf vnry trhkmaneenats.

3iim \

Ht con tmin, t`ms phrt ce Vnxhs hofCglh`cih whs h lus` krhsslhof. V`nt`mag krhss rccts `nlf mo t`n i cmsturn cet`n scml, hof nvno mo tmins ce frcuk`tt`n lhof whs krnno hof enrtmln.

V`n o ehri nrs jnkho tc plcuk` up t`nkrhsslhofs tc plhot arcps. Hof mo t`nnhrly 8=14's, t`nrn ahin h lcok fryspnll. V`n arcps ehmlnf, hof t`n lccsnscml, wmt` oc krhss rccts tc `clf mt tc-knt`nr, j nkho tc jlcw hw hy mo vhst fuststcris.

Ecr ihoy ynhrs, t`n lhof prcfuanfoc arcps, hof icst ce t`n pncpln w`clmvnf mo t`n hrnh lnet mt hof icvnf tcct`nr phrts ce t`n acuotry.

-t iviti

V ` n u sn c e m r r m k h t m c o f m t a ` n s mo s h o f y , jh r r n o s t r n t a ` n s c e l h o f ` h s r n su l t n f m o p r c f u a t m vn e h r i l h o f h a r n h k n.


33/52

Krhfuhlly, `cwnvnr, t`n pncpln w`c

why t`ht t`n scml aculf jn acosn rvnf.hkhmo prcsp nrcu s e hri mok hof krhz-

k lhof .

@cw aho hfnsnrt jn ihfntc jlcci3

t ` n F u s t Jc w l ,i h o ` h s c e t n oa`hoknf t`n ehance t`n lhof ecr t`n

Jy fmkkmok mrrmkhtmco fmta`ns hof

rn fnsnrts, `hvn jn aci n i cst eru mte ul

mahlly, t`nrn h rn t`r nn g mofs ce rcagst`ht ihgn up t`n[ `ht rcags _ _ s u r e h a nihgn up t`n 8 rnhr t` ' s sur ehan3 L l R o n c u sonn-us), inhomokrn." Mkon cus rcags h rn t` n c lfnst,

V`n twc icst aciico hof icst mi- krhomtn

jhshlt ( j h - Q H L V ) .

2


34/52

rcags hrn acipcsnf ce w`ht ht contmin, ihoy imllmcos ce ynhrs hkc, wnrnlhynrs ce shof, krhvnl, iuf hof snfm-inot lymok co t`n jcttcis ce hoamnotsnhs. V`nsn ihtnrmhls wnrn `hrfnonfmotc trun rcag jy t`n krnht prnssurnst`ht wnrn nxnrtnf upco t`ni.V ` n i c s t ac i i c o s nf mi no th r yrcags hrn shofstcon, lminstcon hofs`hln.

1. Inthicrp`ma ( i n t - h - I C Z N -emg), inhomok "ihfn cvnr." Inthicr-p`ma rcags hrn t`csn w`ma` ht con tminwnrn nmt`nr mkoncus cr snfminothry, jutw`ma` wnrn a`hoknf motc h fmeenrnotecri jy ecrans sua` hs `nht hof prns-surn w`ma` ahin erci fnnp wmt`mo t`nnhrt`.

V`n inthicrp`ma rcags wn icsternqunotly snn hrn ihrjln, slhtn hofquhrtzmtn.

Ihrjln, con ce t`n `hrfnst ce hllstcons, whs "ihfn cvnr" erci lmin-stcon, con ce t`n scetnst. Mt ms wmfnlyusnf ecr icouinots hof jumlfmok.

Qlhtn whs "ihfn cvnr" erci lhynrsce aciprnssnf s`hln hof alhy. V`msstrhokn rcag splmts nhsmly motc t`mo, uom-ecri s`nnts wmt` h sicct`, strhmk`tsurehan. Mt ms aciicoly usnf hs rccemokihtnrmhl ecr `cusns.

Xuhrtzmtn (G[ CZ VQ -mtn) lccgs hkrnht fnhl lmgn shofstcon, erci w`ma` mtwhs "ihfn cvnr." Jut w`mln shofstconms rnlhtmvnly scet, quhrtzmtn ms hicokt`n `hrfnst ce rcags. Ho cutarcppmokce quhrtzmtn cetno thgns t`n ecri ce halmee, erci w`ma` t`n scetnr rcags `hvnjnno nrcfnf hwhy.

@nrn hrn scin uousuhl gmofs cercags.Hsjnstcs, h imon rhl, ms ecuo f mo in th-

icrp`ma rcags mo t`n ecri ce lcok smlgyemjrns. V` nsn emjrns aho j n wcvno motc hemrnprcce alct` t` ht ms usnf tc ih gnjrhgn lmomoks hof emrn-emk`tmok alct`mok.

Elmot whs usnf jy nhrly prmimtmvniho tc ihgn `ms gomvns hof hrrcw-`nhfs.Tuffmok stcons hrn cff-lccgmokstcons icst usuhlly ecuof mo t`n jnfsce strnhis. V`ny hrn h ecri ce shof-stcon mo w `ma` si hll pnjjlns, rcag erhk-inots, emon shof hof vhrmcus ct`nrrcag-ecrimok imonrhls `hvn hll jnnoimxnf up lmgn h puffmok hof aninotnftcknt`nr mo h sclmf ihss.Tntrmemnf wccf, ecuof mo t`n TntrmemnfEcrnst ce Hrmzcoh, ms oct rnhlly h pmnance wccf t`ht `hs turonf tc stcon. [`hthatuh lly `h ppn onf whs t` ht i mllmcos ceynhrs hkc, h trnn enll motc h swhipw`nrn t`n whtnr acothmonf h `mk` prc-pcrtmco ce fmssclvnf quhrtz, con ce t`nrcag-ecrimok imonrhls . V`n whtnrschgnf motc t`n anlls ce t`n wccf, hofhs t`n wccf fnahynf, t`n quhrtz `hrf-nonf tc ecri t`n shin phttnro hs t`nemjrns ce t`n trnn.Mo knonrhl, h imonrhl i hy jn fnemonf hshoy sclmf nlni not cr aci-

. _ pcu of t`h t ms ih fn upcei m o n r h l s 3 r ra ` n i m a h l s u j s t h o a n s

ecuof mo ohturn.Ecr nxhipln, aciico thjln shlt

gocw o hs `hlmtn (@ H L -mtn ) ms aci-p c s nf c e s c f mu i ho f a` lc r mo n . Hfmhicof ms ecrinf erci ahrjco, w`ma`ms hlsc t`n jhsma mokrnfmnot ce achl.Zu jmns hof shpp`mrns acin erc i acr-uofui (acr-^ O-f ui ) w`ma`, mo ho-ct`nr ecri, ms t`n rcuk`, jlhag rcagt`ht ms usnf tc ihgn krmofstcons.


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Hll rcags hrn ihfn erci h krnhtihoy gmofs ce imonrhls, hof w`no ycujrnhg cpno h pmnan ce rcag, ycu aho snnt`nsn imonrhls lmgn quhrtz hof imah usuhlly mo arysthl ecri.

@nrn hrn scin aciico imonrhlst`ht ycu imk`t emof mo rcags hrcuofycur `cin.

Xuhrtz ms prcjhjly t`n aci iconstce hll imonrhl arysthls. Mt ms ecuof mo hllsmzns scin lcok hof slnofnr, scint`mag hof squht jut hll quhrtz arys-thls `hvn mfnotmahlly t`n shin s`hpn.V`ny hrn smx-smfnf prmsis, wmt` smx-smfnf pyrhimfs co t`n tcp hof jcttci.Xuhrtz ms con ce t`n `hrfnst ce hll imo-nrhls. Mt ahooct jn sarhta`nf wmt` hgomen, jut mt wmll sarhta` cr aut klhss.Xuhrtz shof ms t`n jhsma mokrnfmnot moklhss-ihgmok.

Imah (I ]-g u`) ms ecuof mo krhomtnhof ct`nr mkoncus rcags. Mt aho jnsplmt motc phpnr-t`mo s`nnts t`ht hrntrhosphrnot, elnxmjln hof emrnprcce. Mt msusnf tc ihgn t`n lmttln wmofcws mo nlna-trma eusns hof t`n lhrknr wmofcws mocvno fccrs. Mo scin prmimtmvn acuo-trmns, mt `hs jnno usnf hs wmofcw klhss.

Vhla ms h aurmcus w`mtn imonrhl scscet t`ht ycu aho sarhta` mt wmt` ycuremoknrohml. Mt ennls krnhsy tc t`n tcua`.Mt ms usnf aciinramhlly hs h lujrmahot,hof hs t`n jhsn ecr thlaui pcwfnr.

Ahlamtn (GH L-smt n) ms h acii coimonrhl t`ht ms ecuof mo h ouijnr ceecri s. Mt ihy h ppn hr mo t`mo s`nnts, lmgnimah, cr mo fmhicof-s`hpnf arysthls,lmgn quhrtz. ]cu ihy scintmins emofh arysthl ce ahlamtn t`ht ms hs trh osp hrn oths klhss, jut t`n aurmcus t`mok hjcut mtms t`ht w`no ycu lccg t`rcuk` mt ycusnn nvnryt`mok fcujln. Me ycu jrnhg h

ahlamtn arysthl wmt` h `h i i nr, nha` tmoyerhkinot wmll jn h pnrenat lmttln smx-smfnf s`hpn wmt` sicct` surehans hofnquhl hoklns.

Hijnr ms oc t h tru n imo nrh l, smoan mtms t`n ecssmlmznf rnihmos ce t`n rnsmo cehoamnot emr trnns t`ht enll motc swhips.Jut mt ms ho motnrnstmok imonrhl-lmgn suj-sthoan tc nxhimon. Xumtn cetno t`njcfmns ce mosnats t`ht wnrn trhppnf mot`n rnsmo w`no mt whs lmqumf, t`cushofsc e ynhr s hkc , h rn s t m l l pn r ena t lyprnsnrvnf.

Tyrmtn (TMN-rmtn) ms gocwo hs "eccl'skclf" jnahusn mt ecclnf sc ihoy imonrsmo t`n Clf [nst motc t`mogmok t`ht t`ny`hf ecuof h kclf imon. Tyrmtn, h jnhu-tmeul, sphrglmok imonrhl, ms cetno usnftc ihgn crohinots hof bnwnlry.Tut twc cr t`rnn tnhspccoeuls ce thjln

shlt motc `hle h@ c w a h o y c u , ,klhss ce whtnr ,i hgn yc u r c w o z, . P Vi m on rh l a r y s t h l s 3 Q t m r 88 w n l L O [suspnof h pmnance strmok motc t`n lmqumf erci h stmag

lhmf harcss t`n rmi ce t`n klhss. Tut mthwhy mo h accl plhan ecr snvnrhl fhys.Ht t`n nof ce t`ht tmin, t`n shlt wmll`hvn ecrinf arysthls co t`n nof ce t`nstrmok mo t`n s`hp n ce lmttln aujns cepurn `hlmtn t`ht sphrgln lmgn h alustnrce imomhturn fmhicofs.

u


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H o h o a m n o t e c r n s t s a n o n

Vrnhsurns mo t`n Krcuof

@ c w w h sc m l ihfn3

k r n h t e c r n s t s ce t r n nenros acvnrnf t`n `ct,swhipy nhrt`. Hs t`ny

V`no t`n ehan ce t`n nhrt` slcwly

plhtnhus. Hof w`ht `hf coan jnno t`ntrnn-emllnf swhips w nrn ocw miprmsconfjntwnno t`mag lhynrs ce rcag t`cushofsce ennt jnlcw t`n surehan.

Jut w`mln hll t`ms lhof-a`hokn `hfjnno kcmok co, h aurmcus t`mok `hf jnno`hppnomok. Trnssurns erci mosmfn t`nnhrt` `hf jrcuk`t hjcut h a`nimahla`hokn mo t`n ihssns ce trnns hof enroshof ct`nr vnknthjln ihttnr t`ht `hfsuog motc t`n crmkmohl swhips sc ihoyimllmcos ce ynhrs jnecrn. Ocw mt `hfjnno a`hoknf motc ho uofnrkrcuofrnsnrvcmr ce t`n t`mag jlhag lmqumfw`ma` wn ahll pntrclnui, cr arufn cml.

Qcintmins t`nsn uofnrkrcuof fn-pcsmts ahin alcsn nocuk` tc t`n surehansc t`ht t`n cml snnpnf up hof ecrinfjlhag, stmagy pufflns. Hof t`n hoamnot


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w

pncpln usnf t`ms arufn cml ecr lmk`ts ho faccgmok emrns.

Mt whs oct uotml hjcut h `uofrnfynhrs hkc, t`ht samnotmsts lnhronf tcfrmll ecr pntrclnui hof rnemon mt motcsua` prcfuats hs pntrcl, phrheemo hoflujrmahtmok cml. Jut mo t`n icfnrowcrlf, mt `hs jnacin cur icst mipcr-thot eunl. [mt`cut mt, wn aculf octcpnrhtn cur ahrs cr s`mps cr ehatcrmnscr pcwnr plhots.

Cml fnpcsmts hrn usuhlly trhppnfuofnr t`n krcuof jntwnno lhynrs ceeclfnf rcag. V`n pntrclnui elchts co hpccl ce acoohtn whtnr, wmt` h pcagntce ohturhl khs co tcp. [`no h wnll msfrmllnf fcwo tc t`n cml fnpcsmt, t`n prns-surn ce t`n khsns ecrans t`n pntrclnuitc t`n surehan.

CML [NLL

LMINQVCON

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@ c w w h sa c h l i hf n3

Ach l whs ecri nf mo iua` t`n shin whyhs cml, hof ht hjcut t`ns h i n t m i n m o t ` nnhrt`'s knclckmahl `ms-

tcry. Uhst ihssns ce vnknthjln ihttnrenll motc hoamnot swhips, rcttnf, wnrnacvnrnf up jy iuf hof smlt w`ma`turonf motc stcon, shog motc t`n snh hoft`no rcsn up hkhmo.

Jut mo scin strhokn why, t`nsnrcttnf trnn enros hof icssns, mostnhf cea`hokmok motc lmqumf cml, `hf jnno suj-bnatnf tc fmeen rnot gmofs ce ecra ns w`ma`trhosecrinf t`ni motc t`n `hrf, jlhag,jrmttln rcag w`ma` wn ahll achl.

Achl lmns uofnr t`n krcuof mo lcok,t`mag snhis, shofwma`nf mo jntwnnolhynrs ce slhtn cr s`hln. Qcintmins,w`no h pmnan ce achl ms jrcgno cpno,t`n ecssml miprmot ce h enro lnhe aho jnalnhrly snno, stmll hs pnrenatly s`hpnfhs w`no mt krnw upco t`n hoamnot trnn.Mrco ms pnr`hps t`n wcrlf's icst mi-

[ ` y h r nm rco hof s tnn lm i p c r t ho t 3

p c r t h o t i m o n r h l .Erci mrco wn ihgnstnnl, hof erci stnnlwn ihgn icst ce

V ` m s ms h a u t h w h y v m n w c e h o c m l f n p c s m t m o t ` n n h r t ` . t`n onansshry t`mok s t` ht wn usn nvnry15


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fhy jumlfmoks, ic tcr-ah rs, s`mps,trhmos, tccls, iha`monry, stcvns, eur-ohans, rnermknrhtcrs. H fhy onvnr phssnsfurmok w`ma` wn fc oct fnpnof upcoscin hrtmaln ihf n ce mrco c r stnnl.

Hlt`cuk` mrco whs con ce t`n icsthjuofhot nlninots erci w`ma` curnhrt` whs ihfn hof t`cuk` t`nnhrt`'s anotrhl acrn ms hlicst purn mrcomrco prhatma hlly onv nr c aa urs mo mtspurn sthtn co t`n surehan w`nrn ihoaho knt ht mt. Mos tnh f, mrco ms imx nf w mt`ct`nr imonrhls mo t`n ecri ce crn, hoft`n crn mtsnle ms mijnffnf mo t`n rcagce t`n arust. Nxtrhatmok mt ms h lcok hoffmeemault prcanss.

V`nrn hrn fnpcsmts ce mrco crn hllcvnr t`n Jrmtms` Mslns. [`no t`n crnlmns onhr tc t`n surehan, mt ms sarhpnfcut ce krnht cpno pmts jy stnhi s`cvnls.Me mt lmns fnnpnr, s`hets hrn fuk hof t`ncrn ms imonf lmgn achl.V`n crn ms acovnrtnf tc stnnl mokrnht imlls. Q`neemnlf ms Jrmthmo's icstehicus stnnl-prcfuatmco anotrn.Onxt tc mrco, acppnr ms cur icst usneul

inthl. Mt ms nssnotmhltc t`n ihouehaturnct`n r i nth l s , ,

usneu l tc us3 c e n l n a t o a h l n q u m p -inot, hof `hs ihoyct`nr usns hs wnll. Acijmonf wmt` zmoa,

v n r t n r s s ` c w o m o c p n r h t m c o m o h s t n n l i m l l . M o t ` n p r c a n s s , s t n n l m s i h o u e h a t u r n f e r c i a h s t m r c o .

1;


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.

l m

mt jnacins jrhss7 ho f w`no tmo ms hffnf ,mt jnacins jrcozn.

V`nrn ms nvno icrn hluimomui t`homrco mo t`n krnht ihss ce imonrhls t`htihgn up t`n nhrt`'s arust. Jut icst cet`ms inthl ms tmk`tly miprmsconf mosmfnanrthmo rcags, hof t`nrn ms oc prhatmahlint`cf jy w`ma` mt aho jn nxtrhatnf.

@cwnvnr, uofnr anrthmo acofmtmcos,t`nsn rcags `hvn wnht`nrnf hof jrcgnofcwo motc h alhylmgn imonrhl ahllnfjhuxmtn (JH [ G-smtn) . Ho f mt ms e rcit`ms jhuxmtn alhy t`ht wn knt hll ce t`nhluimomui w`ma` wn usn mo mofustry.

Hlui momui ms h vnry lmk`t, vnry strcokinthl. Mt ms usnf w`nrn lmk`tonss ms hsmipcrthot hs strnokt`, sua` hs mo t`nihouehaturn ce hmrplhon jcfmns hof

Jhuxm tn , e rci w` ma` h luimo mui acins, m s imonf `nrnmo cpn o-pm t . E rhoan hof t`n ^.Q. lnhf mo m ts prcfuat mco.i c t c r s , ` c u s n ` c l f e u r o m t u r n h o fgmta`no hpplmhoans, samnotmema mostru-inots hof anrthmo gmofs ce iha`monry.

V`nrn hrn h krnht ihoy ct`nr inthlst`ht plhy ho mipcrthot phrt mo cur fhmlylmvns.

Vmo ms a`mnely usnf tc pu t h prctnatmvnachtmok cvnr stnnl sc t`ht t`n eccf mo"tmo ahos" wmll oct spcml.

A`rcimui (AZ C-i nn-ui ) ms imxnfwmt` stnnl tc prcfuan t`n hllcy ahllnf"sthmolnss stnnl," w`ma` ms usnf ecr hutc-icjmln trmii mok hof ct`nr prcfuatst`ht rnqumrn nxtrnin `hrfonss, plusrnsmsthoan tc rust.

Kclf, w`ma` wn acosmfnr tc jn t`n


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icst prnamcus" inthl, ms usnf ecr

Qmlvnr ms hlsc usnf ecr bnwnlry, hofcr emon thjln w hrn. Mt ms t`n jnst goc w ocrn usnf mo t` n vnry emonst n lnatr mah l

^rhomui ( u - Z H ] - o n n - u i ) , t ` n

[`ht h rn t`nprna mcus imon rh l s 3

w c r l f ` h v ntrnhsurnf rhrnhof jnhut meul

ni stcons hrn fmhi cof s, ni nrhlfs ,Fmhicofs hrn t`n `h rf ns t ce hl l

htns. V `n lhrknst f mhi cof nvnr ecu of ,

st hof wh s aut u p tc jna ci n p hr t ceNinrhlfs, me t`ny hrn lhrkn hof `hvn

Hinrmah. Vrun ninrhlfs hrn h fnnpkrnno mo aclcur.

Zujmns, ht lnhst t`n emonst cons, aci nerci Jurih. V`n icst vhluhjln cet`nsn emnry rnf stcons hrn gocwo hs"pmknco jlccf" rujmns, smoan erci ho-amnot tmins t`n sthofhrf ce pnrenatmco`hs jnno tc aciphrn t`n aclcur ce t`nstcon tc t`ht ce h frcp ce jlccf erci herns`ly gmllnf pmknco.

Qhpp`mrns hrn ecuof mo ihoy `unshof aclcurs, jut t`n icst vhluhjln hrnt`csn ce h fnnp acroelcwnr jlun w`ma`snni tc klcw wmt` ho moonr lmk`t t`htthgns t`n ecri ce h sthr. V`nsn hrngocwo hs "sthr shpp`mrns."

[ ` h t h r ns c i n ac i i c okni s tcons3

Mo hffmtmco tc t`n rnhlly prnamcus knis,t ` n r n h r n h k r n h tihoy jnhutmeul knistcons t`ht hoy jcycr kmrl imk`t emof

oct ehr erci `cin. Qcin ce t`nsn hrn2Hquhihrmon, h lcvnly jlums`-krnnostcon t`ht ms usuhlly ecuof nijnffnfmo rcag lnfkns.

Hint`yst, h fnlmahtn purp ln stconecuof mo t`n @mk`lhofs ce Qactlhof,crfmohrmly mo alustnrs ce sihll arysthls.

Hkhtn, h ecri ce quhrtz t`ht `hsacoanotrma (amralns con wmt`mo hoct`nr)lhynrs ce fmeenrnot aclcurs. [`no authof pclms`nf, hkhtn ihgns bnwnllnry ceklnhimok jnhuty.

Alnhr Xuhrtz. Qci nt mins con msluagy nocuk` tc emof h quhrtz arysthlwmt` h `cllcw ahvmty mosmfn t`ht aco-thmos h frcp cr twc ce whtnr. V`ms whtnrscin`cw jna hi n miprmsconf mosmfn t`nstcon w`no t`n arysthl whs ecri nf, hofsmoan mt ahooct nvhpcrhtn, mt wmll rnihmot`nrn ecrnvnr.

1=


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V ^ Z X ^ C M Q N

A H Z O N L M H O QVNHV MVN

C O ] P

I C Q Q H K H V N

J N Z ] L I H L H A @ M V N

LHTMQ LHR^L M TNHZL


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A`hlanfcoy, t`n sic c t` , rcuo f ,snim-trhosphrnot pnjjlns t`ht hrn cetnoecuo f co jnha`ns cr hlcok t`n jhog s cestrnhis.

Khront, hoct`nr stcon t`ht ms ecuofmo t`n Qacttms` @mk`lhofs. Icst hrn

jrcwoms` mo aclcur, jut t`n icstprmznf stcons hrn fnnp, alnhr rnf crninrhlf krnno.

Quo Qtcon. Vmoy spnags ce imah mi-jnffnf mo alnhr quhrtz arysthl kmvn t`msuousuhl stcon t`n hppnhrhoan ce elhs`-mok sphrgs ce emrn erci fnnp mosmfn.

V`n ^ofnrkrcuof ZccisV`n t`mo lhynr ce scml t`ht acvnrs icstce t`n surehan ce t`nCe w ` h t m s . , r ,. .. . . nh rt` ocu rms`ns hllt`n sc m l ihfn3 ce t`n lmen t`ht nxmstsco lhof. [ mt`cu t mt, oc krhss cr krhmo crvnknthjlns aculf krcw tc euroms` eccfecr homihls hof ino.

Qcml ms h acijmohtmco ce fnahymokrcag hof fnahymok vnknthjln ihttnr.V`n `ct suiinr suo `nhts jhrn rcaghof nxphofs hof arhags mt . V`n man hofsocw ce wmotnr acotrhats hof splmts mt.Zhmo whs`ns tmoy krhmos ce t`n wnht`-nrnf rcag motc sihll fnprnssmcos ce t`nkrcuof. @nrn t`n rcag phrtmalns imoklnwmt` fnhf lnhvns hof fnahymok plhots hof t`n twc ecri t`n ahrpnt ce scmlt`ht acvnrs t`n nhrt`'s elccr.

]cu aho prcvn t`ms jy frcppmok h`hofeul ce scml erci h khrfno motc hklhss ce w htnr. Qtmr mt up, ho f t`no hllcwmt tc snttln. Qcin phrtmalns wmll elchttc t`n tcp. V`n rnst wmll smog tc t`njcttci. Me ycu nxhimon t`n elchtmokphrtmalns, ycu wmll snn t`ht t`ny hrnsihll jmts hof pmnans ce lnhvns hof rcctshof ct`nr vnknthjln ihttnr. V`n phrtm-alns t`ht smog hrn jmts ce shof hofkrhvnl, rniohots ce t`n wnht`nrnf hofjrcgno-up rcag.Furmok icst ce t`n nhrt`'s lmentmin,

mt `hf oc scml. V`nrn whs oct`mok cot`n ehan ce t`n lhof jut jhrrno rcag.V`no tmoy plhots erci t`n snh whtnr,ahllnf lma`nos, jnkho tc krcw co rcagsht t`n canho's nfkn. V`nmr lmttln rcctspnon t rh t nf t`n rcags ' su r ehan hofahusnf jmts ce mt tc sahln cee. V`no, hst`n lma`nos fmnf hof fnahynf, t`nyimoklnf wmt` t`n rcag fust hof krhfu-hlly jnkho tc turo motc scml.

Icrn plhots krnw, hof t`ny mo turojnahin phrt ce t`n scml. Hof mo t`mswhy t`n ahrpnt ce scml jnkho arnnpmokmolhof erci t`n snhs`crns uotml mt `hfacvnrnf icst ce t`n nhrt`'s lhof.

V`n scml ms fmvmfnf motc t`rnn lhynrs.

M AT CQ


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8 e m l l

V`n jcttci lhynr ms sclmf jnfrcag,wmt` mts uppnr nfkns slcwly fnacipcs-ok, cr fnahymok, hof elhgmok cee.

V`n imffln lhynr ms `hrf-phagnf,

np fcwo motc mt erc i t`n sur-

V`n tcp lhynr ms t`n phrt ce t`n scml

Hof ynt, mo t`ms t`mo lhynr ce tcpscml,

@ c w w n r nah vn s e c r i n f3

tc h ehmrylhof wcrlf.Ehothstma mamalns cestcon `hok erci t`n

Ahvns hrn usuhlly ecuof mo t`csn

V ` m s m o t n r m c r c e h a h v n s ` c w s s t h l h a t m t n s n x t n o f m o ke r c i t ` n a n m l m o k h o f s t h l h k i m t n s r m s m o k e r c i t ` n e l c c r .

phrts ce t`n wcrlf w`nrn t`n uofnrlymokrcag ms lminstcon. V`n a`mne phrt celminstcon ms t`n imonrhl ahlamtn, hoft`ms ms rnhfmly fmssclvnf jy t`n sihllhicuot ce ahrjcoma hamf t`ht ms prnsnotmo icst surehan whtnr.

H ahvn `hs mts jnkmoomok w`no rhmo-whtnr snnps motc t`n krcuof hof elcwsjntwnno lhynrs ce lminstcon. Hs t`nwhtnr phssns, mt fmssclvns tmoy phrts cet`n stcon hof ahrrmns t`n fmssclvnf ih-tnrmhl hlcok wmt` mt. V`ms anhsnlnsswnht`nrmok ce t`n rcag jy t`n whtnracotmouns ecr acuotlnss t`cushofs ceynhrs. V`n pht`whys t`ht t`n whtnr `hsaut cut ecr mtsnle hrn nolhrknf, uotml htlhst t`n uofnrlymok rcag ms emllnf wmt`phsshknwhys t`ht wmof hof twmst fcwot`rcuk` t`n rcag lhynrs, hof scintminswmfno hof sprnhf cut tc ecri `uknuofnrkrcuof rccis.

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[ ` n o k r c u o f w h t n r s n n p s f c w ot`rcuk` t`n nhrt`,w ` h t h r n mt rnhats upc o t`ns th l ha t m t n s , .. , . - l mi n s tc on cv n rh o f s t h l h k i m t n s 3 w`ma` mt phssns tcecri h imonrhl ahllnf ahlamui jmahr-jcohtn. Hs t`ms whtnr slcwly emltnrst`rcuk` t`n anmlmok ce t`n ahvn, frcpjy smokln frcp, nha` frcp almoks tc t`nanmlmok ecr h icinot cr sc jnecrn mtfrmps tc t`n elccr. Jut mo t`ht s`crticinot, h slmk`t hicuot ce nvhpcrh-tmco thgns plhan, hof w`no t`n frcp cewhtnr ehlls, mt lnhvns jn`mof h tmoyhicuot ce ahlamui jmahrjcohtn.

Hetnr ihoy anoturmns, t`nsn tmoy fn-pcsmts jumlf co nha` ct`nr hof nvnotu-hlly ecri h stcon "mamaln" t`ht `hoksfcwo erci t`n anmlmok. V`ms ms ahllnf hsthlhatmtn (sthl-HAG -tmtn ).

[ `no nha` f rcp ce whtnr ehlls tc t`nelccr jnonht` t`n sthlhatmtn, mt splhs`nshof lnhvns hoct`nr sihll fnpcsmt ce ahl-amui jmahrjcohtn. V`nsn fnpcsmts krhf-uhlly jumlf upwhrf, hof ecri h stconpmllhr rmsmok up erci t`n elccr, w`ma` msahllnf h sthlhkimtn (s th l-HK-imtn) .

Mo t`n acursn ce h lcok tmin, t`n sthl-hatmtn `hokmok fcwo ihy uomtn wmt`t`n sthlhkimtn prctrufmok upwhrf tc

ecri h acluio. Qcintmins h ouijnrce t`nsn acluios bcmo tcknt`nr hof fm-vmfn t`n ahvn motc rccis.

Q t m l l h o c t ` n r g m o f c e i m o n r h l"krcwt`" ecuof mo ahvns hrn t`n jnhu-tmeul hof fnlmahtn alustnrs ce `nlmatmtns(`nl-MAG-tmtns). V`nsn hrn ecrinf, lmgnsthlhatmtns, jy t`n krhfuhl nvhpcrhtmcoce whtnr. Jut oc con gocws qumtn `cwt`ny ha`mnvnf t`nmr ehothstma s`hpns.

[ ` h t h r nw m o f a h v n s 3

V`n icst aciico typn ce s`hllcwahvns hrn ecrinf cot`n smfns ce `mlls crrcagy almees jy t`n ha-tmco ce t`n wmof. V`ms `hppnos w`no

h lhynr ce scet rcag, sua` hs s`hln, msshofwma`nf mo jntwnno twc lhynrs ce`hrf shofstcon. [mof aurrnots swmrlharcss t`n e han ce t`n `mllsmfn hof saccpcut phrtmalns ce t`n s`hln, cetno fmkkmokqumtn ehr jhag motc t`n icuothmo.

V`nsn hrn t`n ahvns icst cetno usnfjy hoamnot ahvn ino ecr t`nmr `cins,hof jy wmlf homihls ecr t`nmr lhmrs.

Cetno t`n rcllmok whtnrs ht t`n jhsnce h whtnrehll fmk cut h ahvn uofnr t`ncvnr`hokmok rcag. V`n icst ehicus cet`nsn whtnrehll ahvns ms gocwo hs t`nAhvn ce t`n [mofs, jnonht` Omhkhrh

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Ehlls. Umsmtcrs hrn thgno motc mt, hoft`nrn t`ny aho sthof jn`mof t`n `uknpcuofmok whll ce whtnr t`ht rchrs fcwoerci t`n rmvnr hjcvn.Qcin ce t`n icst ehothstma ahvns mo t`n

wcrlf hrn t` n man ahvns ce[ ` h t h r n . _ t`n Nurc pnho icuo this.m an ahvns3 rH k n s h k c , w ` n o t ` nnhrt`'s almihtn whs iua` whrinr t`homt ms ocw, uofnrkrcuof rmvnrs tuoonlnft`nmr why t`rcuk` t`n sclmf icuothmorcag. V`no t`n lcok man hkn fnsanofnfco t`n Oc rt`nro @ni msp`nrn, hof t`nsnrmvnrs erczn mo t`nmr uofnrkrcuof jnfs.Vcfhy, t`ny nxmst hs ahvns ce man.

Mo plhans, ehr uofnr t`n icuothmotcps, t`nsn man rmvnrs elcw motc man lhgnst`ht hrn hs sicct` hs sghtmok rmogs.

Qcintmins t`ny frcp suffnoly cvnr hprnampman tc arnhtn sclmf whtnrehlls ceman t`ht hrn onhrly `hle hs `mk` hsOmhkhrh Ehlls.

Mo t`n cpno acrrmfcrs ce t`n ahvns,acluios ce man rmsn up erci t`n elccrlmgn arysthl sthlhkimtns. V`nsn wnrnarnhtnf jy t`n slcw frmppmok hof rn-ernnzmok ce inltnf man ehllmok ercihjcvn. Ocw hof t`no t`nsn acluioseusn tcknt`nr tc ecri fnlmahtnly saulp-turnf man aurthmos.

Cetno sthlhatmtns ce man `hok sus-pnofnf erci t`n anmlmok, sc arysthlalnhr t`ht t`ny aho hat hs h kmkhotmaihkomeymok klhss. Caahsmcohlly, juj-jlns ce hmr, miprmsconf mo h sthlhatmtnw`no mt erczn, kmvn t`n `ukn ecrihtmcot`n quhlmty ce h klnhimok bnwnl.

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Qmoan lminstcon ahvns wnrn arnhtnf jyt`n ha t mco c e[ ` h t h r n , ,, S u o f n r k r c u o fu o f n r w h t n r a h v n s 3 whtnr, mt ms oct

surprmsmok t`ht ihoy sua` ahvns hrnaciplntnly elccfnf. Con ce t`n icsthihzmok ce t`nsn uofnrwhtnr ahvnrosms [hgullh Ahvn mo Elcrmfh.

[hgullh Qprmok, scuran ce t`n [hg-ullh Zmvnr, ms h sihll lhgn t`ht ms enf no-t m r n ly j y u o f n r k r c u o f w h t n r . E c rihoy ynhrs, samnotmsts `hf wcofnrnfhjcut t`n scuran ce t`ms whtnr. Hof sch krcup ce knclckmsts, nqumppnf wmt`sgmo-fmvmok knhr hof ct`nr nqumpinot,snt cut tc nxplcrn mt.

V`ny ecuof t`ht uofnronht` t`n sur-ehan ce t`n sprmok, t`n ahvn slhotnf

s`hrply fcwowhrf tc h fnpt` ce onhrly:44 ennt, hof t`nrn mt jnkho tc lnvnlcee. Mts wmft` vhrmnf erci ;4 tc 8>4ennt hof mts ` nmk`t, e rc i elccr tcanmlmok, whs mo plhans coly > ennt hof moct`nrs icrn t`ho 844. V`n elccr whsce shof, wmt` phta`ns ce alhy hof lmin-stcon rujjln.

V`n fmvnrs nxplcrnf t`n ahvnro ecrh fmsthoan ce 8,844 ennt erci t`n no-trhoan. @nrn t`n jcttci frcppnf fcwos`hrply motc h iua` wmfnr hof fnnpnrsnatmco ce t`n ahvn, jut jnycof t`mspcmot t`n fmvnrs aculf oct kc wmt`cutruoomok s`crt ce hmr.

Mt ms jnlmnvnf, `cwnvnr, t`ht [hgullhAhvn ihy nxtnof ecr snvnrhl imlns tct`n scuran ce mts whtnr supply.

V`n Jnkmoomok ce IhoMt ms coly ohturhl t`ht nhrly iho s`culf

`hvn lmvnf mo ahvns.[ ` h t w n r n t ` n V V , ,. . . . @n `hf on mt`nr t`nahvn ino l m gn3 tccls ocr t`n sgmllstc jumlf `cusns hof `mllsmfn ahvnsprcvmfnf rnhfy-ihfn s`nltnrs erciaclf, socw, rhmo hof wmlf jnhsts.

Hs onhrly hs wn aho fntnrimon, iho`hs jnno lmvmok co t`n nhrt` ecr hjcut`hle h imllmco ynhrs. Nvmfnoan rnanotlyfuk up mo ahvns `hs fnemomtnly trhanf`ms `mstcry jhag tc hjcut 844,444 J.A.

Con `uofrnf t`cushof ynhrs hkc,iho fmfo't lccg vnry iua` hs `n fcnstcfhy. @n whs knonrhlly s`crt hofsquht, wmt` stujjy lnks hof lcok, t`maghris. Icst ce `ms jcfy whs acvnrnf

jy h `nhvy iht ce `hmr. @ms coly tcclswnrn `hta`nts hof gomvns ihfn ce elmot,hof `n whs bust lnhromok tc usn emrn tcwhri `ms ahvn `cin. @n whs hlsc bustlnhromok tc spnhg.H enw ynhrs hkc, h tnhi ce Hinrmaho

s a m n o t m s t s e c u o f h@ c w f m f w n _ m o t ` n i c u o .l n h r o h j c u t . V .t ` n a h v n i n o 3 t h m o s c e M r h 8 t ` h tacothmonf h acotmo-ucus `mstcry ce `uiho prckrnss ercit`n Qtcon Hkn tc t`n prnsnot fhy. V`mswhs Q`homfhr Ahvn.Q`homfhr ms mo`hjmtnf tcfhy jy h

trmjn ce Gu rfms` pnh shots, ju t t`n hihz-mok t`mok hjcut t`ms ahvn ms t`ht mt `hs

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N h r l y i h o lm v n f mo w h r i h o f p r c t n a t m v n a h v n s .

jnno lmvnf mo jy ùihos ecr hjcutcon ùofrnf t`cushof ynhrs

Luagmly ecr t`n samnotmsts, t`n tnohotsce t`n ahvn, erci nhrlmnst tmins, wnrnvnry uotmfy `cusngnnpnrs. Mostnhf ceswnnpmok cut t`nmr trhs` hof rneusn,t`ny smiply jurmnf mt uofnr suaannfmoklhynrs ce fust hof fmrt. Qc jy fmkkmokfcwo motc t`n elccr ce t`n ahvn, t`nrnsnhra`nrs wnrn hjln tc lhy jhrn harcss snatmco ce ùiho `mstcry moiua` t`n shin why t`ht t`n ecssmls molhynrs ce snfminothry rcags kmvn us hpmaturn-`mstcry ce t`n nhrt` mtsnle.

V`nrn wnrn ecur ihmo lhynrs cephagnf-fcwo fmrt hof fnjrms uofnr t`nahvn elccr, nha` con rnprnsnotmok h fnem-omtn pnrmcf mo t`n `mstcry ce iho'sprckrnss.

V`n tcp lhynr fhtns erci t`n prnsnottmin tc hjcut snvno t`cushof ynhrshkc. @nrn wnrn ecuof pmnans ce pct-tnry, stcons ecr krmofmok krhmo, hof t`njcons ce fcinstma homihlsnvmfnoanst`ht iho whs lnhromok tc krcw `ms cwoarcps hof tnof `ms cwo `nrfs.

Jnlcw t`ms whs h lhynr shmf tc jnscin twnlvn t`cushof ynhrs clf. V`nrnwhs oc mofmahtmco `nrn t`ht t`n pncplnce t`ms pnrmcf gonw hoyt`mok hjcutehrimok cr t`n ahrn ce homihls.

V`n t`mrf lhynr wnot jhag mo tmintc hjcut 64,444 J.A. ]nt mo hll ce t`nt`mrty t`cushof ynhrs t`ht `hf phssnfjntwnno t`n lhymok fcwo ce t`ms lhynr

6;


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H o u o g o c w o Q t c o n H k n h r t m s t f r n w t ` m s p m a t u r n c e h j m s c o c o h a h v n w h l l mo Q p h m o t ` c u s h o f s c e y n h r s h k c .

hof t`n con hjcvn mt, t`nrn whs ocnvmfnoan t`ht iho `hf ihfn iua`prckrnss mo `ms why ce lmvmok.

Emohlly, t`n ecurt` hof lhst lhynr cet`n fnjrms co t`n elccr ce Q`homfhrAhvn thgns t`n `mstcry ce iho gmof jhagtc mts nhrlmnst jnkmoomoks, hjcut conùofrnf t`cushof ynhrs hkc.

Mt ms erci sua` jmts hof pmnans cenvmfnoan hs t`ms t`ht wn hrn hjln tc puttcknt`nr h pmaturn ce t`n lmen ce prmim-tmvn iho ht t`n fhwo ce ùiho tmin.Con fhy, hjcut h ùofrnf ynhrs hkc,

h lmttln kmrl hof[ ` c i h f n , .. S `nr eht` nr wnrnt ` n ah v n p h m o t m o k s 3 nxplcrmok h ahvnmo Qphmo. Hs t`n eht`nr whs nxhimomokhoamnot elmot `hiinrs hof hrrcw`nhfs

w`ma` `n ecuof co t`n ahvn elccr, t`na`mlf whofnrnf cee motc hoct`nr rcciahrrymok h ahofln tc lmk`t `nr why.

Quffnoly s`n lccgnf up tc t`n anml-mok ce t`n ahvn hof sarnhinf2

"Julls F hff y Julls A ci n qumag "@nr eht`nr ahin ruoomok, hof w`no`n rnha`nf `nr, `n shw ho hihzmok

smk`t.V`nrn co t`n anmlmok hof whlls ce t`n

ahvn wnrn t`n pmaturns ce homihls.[`c phmotnf t`ni3 [`y fmf t`n

prmimtmvn hrtmst phmot t`ni mo h ahvn3@cw fmf `n knt lmk`t tc snn jy3

Ocjcfy ynt gocws t`n hoswnrs. Hllt`ht wn gocw ecr surn ms t`ht t`n phmot-moks wnrn fcon jy ho uogocwo QtconHkn knomus hjcut twnoty-emvn t`cushofynhrs hkc.

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ON[ H acl lnatcr 's j mofnr tc `clf@C[ HOF [@]L,V ` ms o n w @ c w h o f [ ` y a c l l na t c r ' s j m o f nr ` c l f s t w n l v n t m t l ns 2h w c o f n r e u l w h y t c j u m lf y c u r c w o r n e nr n o a n l m j r hr y

M t ms _hvhmlhj ln e r c i t` n puj l m s`n rs c e @c w hof [ ` y j ccgs ec r : .4 4Q u p p l m n s h rn l m i m t n f s c s no f e c r y c u r s o c w .

Vrhoswcrlf Tujl ms`nrs L mimtnf, Ahs` Qhlns Fnpt. , T.C. Jcx 88 ,


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