Sport and Health Science 1/9/2015

Entry Task: What did you learn from our hand holding/impulse activity while you acted like neurons?

Learning Target

I can draw a neuron and label at least 5 different parts

I can outline the differences in loss of sensation and motor function with CNS and PNS conditions

Neurological System Directs functions of the human body 100 billion nerve cells throughout the body Telephone exchange between brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Spinal cord is like the switching center Nerves are cables for carrying messages to and from the centers

Nerve cells = Neurons (highly specialized)

EXCITEABILITY (ability to respond to a stimulus) CONDUCTIVITY (ability to transmit a signal)

Parts of a Neuron

Cell Body Dendrites

Thin branching extensions off the cell body Conduct nerve impulses TOWARD cell body

Axon Conducts nerve impulses AWAY from cell body

Myelin Sheath Fatty tissue covering axon that speeds up impulse

Parts continued Neurolemma

Tubes that cover axon and contain myelin sheath Multiple neurolemmas cover one axon

Axon Terminals Where impulse leaves neuron Nerve impulse then jumps from one neuron to the next over a space

called a synapse Stimulated to jump by neurotransmitter

3 Types of Neurons Afferent (sensory) neurons

Carry information from sensory receptors TO the CNS

Efferent (motor) neurons Carry information to the muscles and glands FROM the CNS

Interneurons Carry and process sensory information within the spinal cord Reflexes!

What happens if there is a C5 fracture that severs the spinal cord? L4?

Neurological System Breakdown Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Parts of the brain

Neuron Afferent and efferent Paralysis, stroke (varying severities, but for this class: complete; black and white)

Both are CNS injuries. Follow dermatome and myotome patterns!

CNS vs PNS

Reaction vs reflex C5 biceps C6 BR