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PEER REVIEW COPY Commissioning

Wind-Diesel Systems B est Practices Guide 10-1

10 Commissioning

Introduction The definition of commissioning is not standardized, but generally covers allactivities after all components of the W-D system are installed. Followingcompletion of the building and installation period and before handover of theproject, an overall inspection and commissioning of the works is carried out.

Commissioning inspections are performed by representatives of thecontractor and the final owner, with participation from the local networkoperator. The commissioning may involve an elaborate testing andmonitoring plan, but the main objective is to verify that the system iscomplete, correctly installed and functioning properly. Normally acommissioning procedure is formulated in co-operation with all the partiesinvolved.

Commissioning tests will usually involve standard electrical tests for theelectrical infrastructure as well as the turbine, diesel generators, andinspection of routine civil engineering quality records. Commissioning of anindividual turbine can take little more than two days with experienced staff.Careful testing at this stage is vital if a good quality W-D project is to bedelivered and maintained.

It is quite common that a number of defects are discovered during the firstcommissioning inspection, resulting in a defect or snag list. Actions to clearthis list are decided between the parties concerned and, if there are serious

defects, may result in a second commissioning inspection being required.

Approved commissioning and handover is usually related to final projectpayment.

ChapterContents

Section Page10.1 Commissioning and Handover 10-2

Performance Expectations 10-2Reliability Issues 10-4

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10.1 Commissioning and Handover

PerformanceExpectations

A system is ready to be commissioned once all wind-diesel componentshave been constructed and installed. Fully commercial wind-diesel systems

should expect to have a predictable time period for commissioning.However, non-standard wind-diesel systems typically can have an ongoingcommissioning period which delays full functionality of the W-D system forsometimes up to two years. The commissioning process can and will varyfrom site to site but ultimately should result in meeting specificrequirements as dictated by the client or funding entity.

During commissioning all wind turbine safety devices and system protectionshould be tested over a variety of wind and load conditions. Initial andongoing performance testing should include a holistic set of measurementsincluding wind turbine power, system voltage, system frequency, and dieselfuel consumption. The client should receive confirmation of proper operationof all controls and communication systems. Until confirmation is received thatthe power quality parameters are within acceptable limits and that allsystems check out with full functionality, a system cannot be said to becommissioned. As developers begin pushing the envelope of cutting edgetechnologies extended commissioning times can be expected which incursadditional risk on the client and community if not approached correctly andwith caution.

Certain parameters will have a clearly defined limit of what is acceptable

while other variables will be more relaxed. The client should detail out theseexpectations with the contractor prior to commissioning so that performancerequirements are understood. The quality of supply is generally broken downinto the obvious areas: frequency, voltage, brown outs, black outs, etc.The specified acceptable tolerances at each site can vary.Some examples of parameters are included below.

Under normal operating conditions: Frequency +/- 0.5 Hz Voltage +/- %5 rated

Under fault conditions: Frequency +/- 5Hz Voltage +/- 10%

Fault conditions must not exceed 5 seconds .

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Power Quality Power Factor System Frequency System Voltage

Wind Turbine Factors Wind Turbine Minimum Capacity Factor Wind Penetration Wind Turbine Availability

Diesel Factors Diesel Efficiency (Min/Avg/Max) System Efficiency (Min/Avg/Max) Heat Recovery (% or BTUs) Ramping Load-Sharing Plant and Engine Temperatures

Heat Recovery Switching Speeds

SCADA Systems Data Acquisition Data Storage Remote Access

Additional Items Fault ride through capabilities Diesel Fuel Offset (electrical and thermal) Acceptable Number of Blackouts/Brownouts (not more than 1.5 per

year) Acceptable Number of System Failures Acceptable Harmonic Distortion

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