1892-1975. * born 1892 in ferrol, spain * comes from 6 generations of naval officers * after losses...
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1892-1975
*Francisco Franco“Leader of Spain”“His Excellency Head of State”
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*Biographical Background
*Born 1892 in Ferrol, Spain
*Comes from 6 generations of Naval officers
*After losses during the Spanish-American War, Naval Officers are not needed
*Franco joins the Army
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*Rise of Franco
*In the 1930’s there was a rivalry between socialists and supporters of the monarch
*Where do they belong on a political spectrum?
*In 1931, the Spanish monarchy was overthrown
*In the elections of 1936, the socialists won a victory
*Franco is not happy with how the socialist run the country, including the military
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*Spanish Civil War
*Civil War breaks out between Nationalists (led by Franco) and the Republicans (made up of anarchists, socialists and the poor)
*Hitler and Mussolini give weapons and supplies to the Nationalists
*Stalin gives weapons to the Republicans
*This will be a dress rehearsal for WWII
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*Spanish Civil War
*Franco and the Nationalists win the Civil War by 1939
*United Kingdom and France recognize the Franco regime
*Between 10,000-28,000 members of the Republicans were executed
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*Franco’s Rule
*Marriages that took place before he came to power were null and void
*Guardia Civil was the name of his police force
*Personally signed all death warrants
*Execution of political opponents
*Non-Government trade unions, communists, liberal democrats, anarchists are suppresed
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*Franco’s Rule
* Franco refuses to help Hitler during WWII fight the democracies
* Did briefly offer naval facilities
* Why might the Germans need Spanish Naval Facilities?
* Franco does allow Spaniards to volunteer to fight with the Germans against the Soviets
* Franco forms an alliance with the U.S. after WWII
*Declares Spain a monarchy in 1947, but does not take the title “king”
* Spanish was the only language that could be spoken
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*President Eisenhower & Franco (1959)
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*Franco’s Legacy
*Remains Controversial*“Devine Providence”
*Many of the streets and buildings that took his name have reverted back
*Some would like to abolish his rule from being recognized due to the human rights abuses
*Died in 1975 at age 82