The Romantic Era of Music

1825 - 1910

“Big Three” Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1829) Virtuoso pianist and studied with Haydn Symphony and solo piano sonatas Transitional figure from Classical to Romantic Eras. Johannes Brahms (1833-1897) Pianist and Composer influenced by Beethoven Composed Symphonies, Concertos, Lieder (songs) Used classical forms to push harmonic and rhythmic development Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) first studied/taught the guitar and flute and composition composed the Symphonie Fantastique

Who?

◦ Johann Kaspar Mertz◦ Born in ___________ in 1806◦ Performed from age 12 onward.◦ Composed numerous pieces for guitar,

guitar duo, piano and guitar duos, etc. His opus numbers reach over _______

◦ Toured throughout eastern Europe◦ Mainly concertized on a _____-string guitar.◦ Early advocate of tremolo technique◦ Dies in 1856

Who?

Francisco Tarrega Born 1852 in Spain Studied _______ and guitar. As a child he would often ____________ . Composed some of the most famous guitar works

“Recuerdos de Alhambra”, “Lagrima”, “Caprichio Arabe” Composed for the guitar only Revolutionized playing technique; foot stool Made the guitars of Antonio de Torres popular. First to transcribe the works of _____, Beethoven,

Chopin, and others for the guitar Dies in 1909.

Who? Con’t…….

Augustin Barrios Mangore

Born in 1885 in _____________ Performed in South America and Europe. At times performed in Guarani Indian dress. His compositions are influenced the most by South and Central American _____________. One of the first guitarists to make __________ around 1909. Most important guitarist in South America at the early days of the 20th century. Died in 1944.

Who, cont……..

The Romantic Era was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that strengthened in reaction to the Industrial Revolution as well as the scientific reasoning of nature

Tonality vs. Non-tonality?? Sublime? Becomes validated strong emotion as

an authentic source of experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as horror, terror, and awe.

The Death of the Guitar?? Why?? The Women Composers – ‘bout dang time

What?

Antonio de Torres Luthier Made the Spanish style of guitar construction

the ideal. Larger body, thinner soundboard, andthe specific fan bracing.

Who? Con’t…..

Reaction to Scientific Thought and the Industrial Revolution Emphasis on Emotion Art – emphasis on “sublime” Rise in Nationalism Rise in WOMEN composers

-Clara Schumann-Fanny Mendelssohn

-Emilia Giuliani Art for Art’s Sake

Why?