(1804) minutes of proceedings of the ninth american convention

8/14/2019 (1804) Minutes of Proceedings of the Ninth American Convention

1/54


2/54


3/54

MINUTESOF THE

PROCEEDINGSOP THE NINTH

American Con'oentiouFOR PROMOTING THE

ABOLITION OF SLAVERYAND

IMPROVING THE CONDITION

OF THE

AFRICAN RACE :

^ ASSEMBLED AT

PHILADELPHIA,

N THE NINTH DAY OF JANUARY, ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED ANJBFOUR, AND CONTINUED BT ADJOURNMENTS UNTIL THK

THIRTEENTH DAY OF THE SAME MONTH,INCLUSIVE.

PHILADELPHIA :PRINTED BY SOLOMON W. CONHAD.

1804.


4/54


5/54

0inutes

OK T n K

^: PROCEEDINGSOF THE NINTH

AMERICAN CONVENTIONFOR PROMOTING THE

ABOLITION OF SLAVERY, &fc.

SELECT COUNCIL CHAMBER.

Philadelphia^ Jafiiiary 9th ^ 1804.

THIS being the day appointed for the meet-ing of the American Convention for promoting theAbohtion of Slavery, and improving the Condition

of the African Race, --a number of delegates at-tended, when the credentials from the differentSocieties were produced, and it appeared that thefollowing persons were appointed members of thisConvention, viz.

New-Tork John Murray, jun.

William T. Slocum,Abraham Skelton,William Franklin,John Coffin,Samuel Miller,Matthew Franklin.

Neiv-jferscy-'-T^ichm-d Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.


6/54

Gcrshom Craft,John Griscom,

Amos Cooper,Thomas Redman,WiUiam Newbold.

F e?nisyha?ji a- --Thomns P. Cope,James Todd,James MUnor,Othniel Alsop,George WilHams,William Jones.

Delavjare Doctor John Vaughan,Joseph Bringhurst, jun.

Of Avhom were present William FrankHn, JohnCoffin, Matthew Franklin, Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun. John Griscom, Amos Cooper,William New bold, Thomas P. Cope, James Todd,James Milnor, Othniel Alsop, George Williams,John Vaughan, Joseph Bringhurst, jun.

The convention then proceeded to the choice ofofficers, when the following persons were duljelected :

President MATTHEW FRANKLIN,Secretary.-OTHNIEL ALSOP,Treasurer THOMAS P. COPE.

John Rafield was appointed door-keeper.

The following communications from the Societiesof New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, and De-laware, were read :


7/54


8/54

John Murray, jun. Treasurer ; Matthew FrankUn,Register ; Adrian Hegeman, Chairman of the

Standing Committee ; John L. Bowne, Secretary ;Matthew Frankhn, Chairman of the Board of Trus-tees of the School ; Andrew Cock, Secretary ;Alexander Hamilton, Peter Jay Munro, WilliamJohnson, D. D. Tompkins, Counsellors ; RobertBowne, Chairman, and Joseph Constant, Secretaryof the Committee of Correspondence.

The following persons are appointed to representthis Society in the Convention, viz John Murrray, jun. William T. Slocum, Abraham Skelton,William Franklin, John Coffin, Samuel Miller, andMatthew Franklin.

By order of the Society,

JAMES ROBERTSON,Vice-President.

-A-TTEST

HENRY POST, Jun. Secretary,

To the Cowoent'ion of Delegates from the differentAbolition Societies in the United States^ to beheld at Philadelphia^ i?i the First Month (Ja-nuary ) 1804.

THE proportion of printed copies of the mi-nutes of the last Convention, forwarded for the useof this society, have been duly received and distri-buted.

The interesting contents of the Convention'spertinent address to the several Abolition Societies,obtained our special regard ; and, v/e trust, its be-nevolent aim will not be altogether ineffectual in


9/54

stimulating to renewed exertions to advance thedesirable objects for which these Societies were in-stituted.

The labours of this Society, since last year, donot appear to have diminished. The Acting Com-mittees in the several counties have been industri-ously engaged in the prosecution of claims forfreedom, whenever cases have presented, and, inseveral instances, have been successful; by whichmeans five persons who had been illegally detainedin servitude have been relieved or liberated. Avariety of cases of claimants for freedom is in thehands of the Acting Committees.

The suit to which Ave alluded in our last yearnsreport, against certain persons concerned in thetransportation of Negroes from the neighbourhoodof Elizabeth Town in this state, to Georgia, finallyresulted in the acquittal of those persons, undercover of that clause in our slave-law, which grantsto persons removing from one state to another, theprivilege of taking with them their sia\ es.

Sometime in the course of last Spring, one Reu-ben.Pitcher put into Egg-Harbour in a small sloop,(of v.hich he was owner) for the purpose of refit-ting. It Avas discovered that he had several blackson board, and circumstances appearing which in-duced a belief that he was concerned in the negrotrade, information was immediately transmitted tothe Acting Committee of Burlington county ; and,in their name, the vessel was seized and the Negroestaken into custody. The depositions of CaptainNicholas Bowker in Pitcher's employ, and of Cap-tain Cornelius Clark, who became possessed of thesecret, were taken,, which being produced at

thetrial, the vessel was thereupon condemned. It


10/54

8

appeared however, that soon after the seizure wasmade, Pitcher, who in his character combines con-siderable artifice and cunning, with the utmostrascahty, managed his part so as to engage severalpersons in his interest, by whose assistance he pro-cured the vessel to be appraised at about 70 dollars,a sum much under her value, and obtaining suretyfor this amount, made his escape with the vessel.The amount of the appraisement, therefore, is allthat was obtained, excepting the liberation of theNegroes. In the course of the examination it ap-peared, that this vessel was fitted out at Martha'sVineyai'd, and that the Negroes Mere by variousstratagems taken on board at Boston ; that she wasbound to the state of Georgia, where Pitcher de-signed to dispose of his cargo, after recruiting at

various stopping places which he had in view alongthe coast. It likewise appeared that this was notthe first instance of his participation in this vile

commerce, and that it is but a link in a systematicscheme of kidnapping, carried on by different agentsalong the sea coast, from New-Hampshire toGeorgia.

The memorial on the subject of Slavery, present-ed last year by this Society to our state legislature,was, at the instance of the Society, again called into

view, at their late session ; in consequence, leave

was given to bring in a bill, which was ordered tobe printed, and lies over for consideration to the

next sitting. The principal provision which itcontains, limits the term of servitude for boys attwenty-five, and girls at twenty-one, of all bornafter a certain period. There appeared a very flat-tering disposition in a majority of the members,and great hopes arc entertained that it will eventu-ally be crowned with success : but even shouldthis hope be fallacious, we are assured that good


11/54

effects will ensue from the application, as every

thing which promotes investigation on this subject,must operate, in degree, to disperse the mists ofprejudice, and expose the odious nature of this nati-

onal evil.

The ordinary distinctions in society are oftenvague, and imply no just pre-eminence : rank andtitles are adventitious things, and instead of desig-nating merit or virtue, are frequently the baubles

of imbecility, or the sparkling decorations of me-retricious pageantry : power too, is often unjustlyacquired, and no evidence of right ; and although itis acknowledged there are certain nice discrimina-tions and shades of character, which mark differenttribes and nations of mankind, it has never appear-ed demonstrable to the eye of reason and philoso-phy, that a black skin is any proof of inferiority.Virtue and real worth are the only safe criterionsof excellence, and before M'e adjudge the prize toeither claimant, we must first place them in all re-spects upon an equal footing. But that this equal-ity, so essential to the growth of virtue and mentalexcellence, becomes annihilated by the influence ofpersonal slavery, no one acquainted with the his-tory of man, will ever deny. It was well observ-ed by Homer, who lived when slavery \A'as com-mon, and whose knowledge of the human heart, noperson

whounderstands

himwill

evercall

in ques-tion, that " When a man is made a slave, he losesfrom that day, the half of his virtue." Longinusaffirms, " That slavery, however mild, may stillbe called the prison of the soul, and a public dun-geon;" and Tacitus remarks, " That even wildanimals lose their spirit when deprived of their free-

dom." Banish from the human breast, hope andthe sense ofhonour, (and what sense of honour, or

B


12/54

10

what hope can an enslaved pagan retain !) and 3''oubanish at the same time the noblest incentives tovirtue. Hence the immense importance of our en-deaAouring, by all rational means, to repair the de-vastations v^hich slavery and its train of evils havemade upon the human character in the persons ofour Afi'ican brethren, and perhaps nothing withinour power, can so eftectually forward this greatv/ork, as the promotion of schools for their bene-fit : we therefore not only concur in the sentimentsexpressed by the last and former conventions onthis head, but are free to express our solicitude thatthey may increasingly engage the attention of Abo-lition Societies. The subject has been againdeliberated on by this Society, and referred to aCommittee for more particular investigation, whoare requested to make report at next meeting.

We have appointed Richard Hartshorne, RobertSmith, Junr. Gershom Craft, John Griscom,Amos Cooper, Thomas Redman and WilliamNewbold, to represent this Society in the Conven-tion.

Signed in behalf, and by order of the New- Jer-sey Society for promoting the gradual Abolition ofSlavery, Twelfth Month (December) 20th, 1803.

WILLIAM GRIFFITH, President.Attest,

ROBERT SMITH, Junr. Sec'ry.Officers of the Society chosen ninth month, 1803.

PRESIDKNT,

WILLIAM GRIFFITH.VICE-PRESIDENTS,

RICHARD HARTSHORNE,GERSHOM CRAFT.


13/54

11

SFXRETARY,ROBERT SMITH, jun.

TREASURER,WILLIAM COXE, jun.

A T '1' E S T

ROBERT SMITH, Junr. Sec'ry.

To the A?nerican Coii'vetition for promoting theAbolition of Sla'uery, and iinpro'uing the Con-

dition of the African Race.

ALTHOUGH wc have but little to commu-nicate, yet continuing desirous to aid the labours

of the Convention, we have appointed Thomas P.

Cope, James Todd, James Milnor, Othniel Alsop,George Williams and William Jones, to representus in the meeting of that body to be held on theninth instant. And although the indifference anddislike to the universal extension of the blessin^>:s offreedom, manifested by some of our fellow citi-zens, would tend to excite a degree of discourage-

ment, yet we feel a hope that the day is approach-ing when the rights and priveleges of men, will beas fully enjoyed by our brethren of African descent,within the limits of the United States, as by anyother class of society. Prospects such as thesecontribute to encourage to the continuance of ourlabours on their behalf, and of our endeavours to dif-

fuse among them the important benefits of schooleducation. The institutions for this purpose here-tofore reported, are still maintained ; and it is withparticular satisfaction we notice that this subject isrecommended by the last Convention, to the differ-ent branches of their constituents.

We concur with the Convention in the proprietyof having a standing Committee, charged with the


14/54

12

selection and publication of suitable extracts, essaysand fugitive pieces relative to slavery, and havetherefore placed the subject under the care of ourCommittee of Correspondence.

With regard to the history of slavery, mention-ed in your last address, we do not know of any ad-ditional papers or documents which would be use-ful in its compilation : should such however bemet with, we shall take due care to hand them tothe Committee as requested by you.

^The courts held in this state not having yet de-

cided on the cases of unlawful traffic in slaves, re-ported in our last communication, we are not pre-pared to offer any thing new on the subje6l, norare we able at this time, to give any further infor-mation relative to the kidnapping of free blacks,though there is great reason to fear the detestablepractice is still carried on in some places.

When we reflect on the great number of slavesin the southern parts of the United States, andconsider how much their sorrrows have been mul-tiplied, we can scarcely entertain a doubt, but thatevery

enlightened mind will unite with us in a de-sire for the promotion of measures, which \vill alle-viate the rigors of bondage, and prepare the suf-ferers under it for emancipation. May we thenbrethren cheerfully continue our exertions, cher-ishing a fervent, though humble hope, that theywill, in due time, be rendered more extensively

availing, than at any period heretofore.Signed by order and on behalf of the Pennsylva-

nia Society for promoting the Abolition of Slave-ry, &:c.

THOMAS PARKER, Fice President,Attest,

JOHN BACON, SecWy.Philadelphia, Firft month 7th, 1804.


15/54

13

The folloAving persons were chosen officers of theSociety for the present year.

PRESIDENT,

DOCTOR BENJAMIN RUSH.VICE PRESIDENTS,

ROBERT PATTERSON,THOMAS PARKER.

SECRETARIES,TIMOTHY PAXSON,JOHN BACON.

TREASURER,JOHN EVANS.

COUNSELLORS,

WllUam Lewis,William Rawle,John Hallowell,Walter Franklin,James Milnor,Joseph Hopkinson,

Joseph Hemphill,Daniel Smith,George Fisher,George Vaux,David Irvine.

ELECTING COMMITTEE,

Joseph Moore,Daniel Thomas,Thomas Harrison,Solomon White,Joseph Budd,Isaac Pearson,

Joseph Price,

Thomas Rogers,William Masters,William Jones,Samuel Bettle,Samuel Smith.

To the Convention of Delegates from the Aboli-tion Societies in the United States^ to be heldin the city of Philadelphia^ on the ninth dayof January^ instant The Delaware Society

for promoting the Abolition of SUmery^ report^

THAT fully persuaded of the advantagesarising from an annual Convention of delegates fi-om


16/54

14

Abolition Societies, as a point at which may cen-tre the united experience of our fellow labourers, in

the work of emancipation of the people of colour,we have appointed Dr. John Vaughan, and JosephBringhurst, Jun. to present this our report, andto rei^resent us in general Convention, at the ensu-ing session.

Since our last report we have gained somestrength, as well in addition to the members of oursociety, as to the more general countenance andactive support of our fellow citizens. While how-ever we rejoice that this good principle is gainingground, w^e still have to lament that too many in-liabitants of our state, ai-e either unfriendly to theAbolition of Slavery, or so indiflerent as to feel but

small interest therein.

One of the suits depending at the time of our lastreport, has been brought to trial, and terminatedunfavourably to the Society : the other yet remainson the docket. Another suit has been commenced.

Twelve slaves have been liberated since last re-port, through the agency of the society. Amongmany strong presumptive cases of kidnapping, andtransporting of people of colour from this state, wehave at length been able fully to detect one instance ;the sufferer was regained, and the offenders broughtto justice : by this result the society has receiveda small fund, which it is hoped will be of materialservice in the prosecution of its object. At thelast session of our legislature, a bill was presentedfor the abolition of slavery, and twice read ; it wasthen postponed for further consideration at the nextsession. We have a committee of three membersappointed to attend the present session of the legis-

lature, for the purpose of using their exertions for


17/54

.15

the enacting a similar bill into a law : we hhve somehopes of success. Be the event what it may, weare determined to persevere in this desirable object,until right and justice shall finally prevail.

The society has not yet published the laws of thisstate relating to people of colour.

A committee stands appointed for the purposeof collecting such facts as may be useful in form-ing a history of the progress and consequences ofslavery in the United States ; but we have notyet received its report.

The present officers of our society are,PRESIDENT,

ISAAC DIXON.VICE-PRESIDENT,

ALLEN M'LANE.SECRETARY,

ZACHARIAH JESS.TREASURER,

EDWARD GILPIN.ACTING COMMITTEE,

Nathan Sharpless,Vincent Hewes,John Test,John Warner.

Isaac Stevenson, Recorder.

Signed by order of the Abolition Society of Del-aware, at Wilmington this seventh day of January,1804.

ISAAC DIXON, President,ZACHARIAH JESS, Sec'ry.

Resolved, that the preceding communications bereferred to William Franklin, John Griscom, Tho-

mas P. Cope, and Joseph Bringhurst, jun. to. con-


18/54

16

sider and report thereon ; together with such otherobjects as they may deem proper to come underthe notice of this Convention.

Adjourned till to-morrow evening, at 6 o'clock.

January lOf/6,

Convention met, pursuant to adjournment

PRESENT :---

MATTHEW FRANKLIN, President.

William Frankhn,John Coffin,Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.John Griscom,Amos Cooper,William Newbold,Thomas P. Cope,

James Todd,James Milnor,George Williams,William Jones,John Vaughan,Joseph Bringhurst, jun.Othniel Alsop.

The Committee to whom were referred the com-munications from the several Societies, made re-port as follows ;

The Committee appointed to digest and arrangethe Objects proper for the attention of the Con-'uention-'-Report ^

THAT, on examining the addresses fromthe several Societies, they cannot but regret thatfrom some Societies, who formerly sent respecta-ble delegations to the Convention, no communi-cations or representations have this year been re-ceived ; and that in some of the addresses, whichhave been presented, there is less detailed informa-

tion than is desirable.


19/54

17

. The Committee ai'e much gratified in discover-ing that the school for the tuition of the blacks ia

New-York, is represented to be in a flourishingcondition. This subject is ofsufficlcnt importanceto gain the renewed attention of tlvj Convention ;and the Committee believe it \\ ould be proper, that,in the circular address of the present year, it be re-

commended to such societies as have it not in theirpower, from the scantiness of their funds, or other

circumstances, to employ regular tutors, to formpri\ ate associations of their own members or otherwell disposed indi^'iduals, for the purpose of in-strncting the people of colour, in the most usefuland simple branches of education; especially onthe first day of the week, which there is too muchreason to believe, is, by the ignorant blacks, fre-quently devoted to dissipation, to the very great in-jury of their own morals, and the well-being of so-cietv.

At the same time that the Committee fully ap-preciate the importance of a lettered education ofthe blacks, they earnestly recommend it to the Con-vention, to impress the societies with the necessityof carefully watching over the religious and moralinstruction of that unhappy race. They should beled from those habits of idleness, profligacy, and im-providence, consequent on slavery, into paths ofsobriety and industry. Perhaps it Mould be use-ful occasionally to convene them, in order to aff'ordsuitable opportunities to impress their minds, withthe necessity of their acting as becomes men, esca-ped from bondage, and on whose correct conductmust, in some measure, depend the liberation oftheir brethren, and the good treatment of such asremain in slavery. The latter should be taughtobedience to their masters, and to bear with pati-

C.


20/54

18

ence and fortitude, the tasks allotted them, waitingwith manly resignation for the coming of that day,in which liberty shall be proclaimed to the captive.

We believe also, that it would be advisable to re-vive the addresses of former Conventions to theblacks, with such alterations and additions as maybe best adapted to the views and particular situati-ons of the several societies.

The advantages which have resulted from the ad-dresses of former Conventions to the societies, areso obvious and manifold, that the Committee, with-out further remark, recommend the adoption of itat the present time ; and as some persons are im-pressed with a belief, that considerable benefit

would be hkely to accrue from the possession ofpermanent officers, whose qualifications and placesof residence would render them at all times service-able to the cause ; it is submitted, whether it wouldbe proper to recommend to the societies, such analteration of the constitution, as will make anymember of any of the Abolition Societies, eligibleto the office of President, Treasurer, or Secretaryto the Convention.

The Committee cannot refrain from expressingtheir gratification in witnessing the donations whichhave been made by some of the societies---So muchgood may be expected from the establishment of a

permanent fund, to be at the disposal of the Con-vention, that other societies, or individuals, whoare in a capacity to afford it, will, we trust, be en-couraged to follow the laudable example.

We find, on a recurrence to the minutes, that itwas referred to this Convention to determine onthe propriety of an address to the legislature of


21/54

19

North Carolina. The Committee being unable todetermine on the expediency of that measure, have

concluded to brina; it asT-uin into view, that the Con-vention may take such order on the subject as theymay judge proper.

Having attentively perused the address of theConvention of 1801, to the people of the UnitedStates, and concurred in its contents, the commit-tee believe it would be useful to republish it, withsuch alterations and additions as a suitable conside-

ration of the subject may dictate. It cannot beimproper to vindicate our conduct to the world, tomake an open and manly declaration of our mo-tives, and to evince a firm and unshaken attach-ment to the justice and humanity of our cause. Itcannot be doubted that our views are mistaken,our efforts condemned, and unfounded prejudicesharboured against us, by some well disposed indi-viduals in the community, and which we are appre-hensive have been increased by ill-advised and in-temperate proceedings on the part of some well-meaning but over zealous members of some of thesocieties. We mean not by these observations todiscourage the efforts of any, but while we con-demn the practice of slave-holders, we shovdd becareful not to give unnecessary trouble or offenceto them, but to temper our zeal with prudence andknowledge.

With this view, we apprehend it would be sea-sonable and salutary to recommend to the differentsocieties, to be cautious in the selection of theirActing Committees ; to fill them with discreet men,in order that no useless umbrage may be given toour opponents, nor suits undertaken with toomuch precipitation, which for want of this prudent

line of conduct, have sometimes ended in injury to


22/54

20

the prosecutors, and been attended with heavy ex-pence.

We further suggest whether it would not ad^'ancethe great end mc have at heart, to make it the dutyof the Acting Committee, to open and maintain acorrespondence with some of the leading friends toabolition in Baltimore, Richmond, and Alexandria,to encourage them to revive the spirit and form oftheir associations ; and if they cannot send forwarddelegations to the succeeding Convention, at leastto inform us of their situation, in order that theConvention may, if practicable, afford them someencouragement under their difficulties. With thissubject, may be combined a further authority to thesaid committee, to correspond with some respec-table and influential friends to the blacks in the Ca-rolinas and Georgia, for the purpose of obtainingsuch information from time to time, respecting thecondition of slavery in those states, as may enablethem to judge of the expediency of recommendingthe establishment of Abolition Societies amongthem ; and if such establishment should be foundpracticable, to afford the members suitalslc informa-tion, as to the best form of organizing themselves,by transmitting them copies of the minutes of ourproceedings, and of the constitutions of the otherassociations in Philadelphia and elsewhere.

It is also proposed to the consideration of the

Convention, whether it would not be proper to re-commend to the societies who have not chosenStanding Com.mittees, chai'^ged with the publicationof extracts and fugitive pieces relating to slavery,to adopt the measure ; and where such Committees .exist, to impress them with the necessity of anhabitual attention to the subject.


23/54

21

The subject of kidnapping cannot be too fre-quently or too earnestly recommended to the vigi-lance and attention of the societies, until that mostabominable outrage on the feelings of humanity,shall be done away from our disgraced coun-try. The Committee notice, with painful emoti-ons, the prevalence of this enormous evil ; andthat several instances of it have occurred since themeeting of the last Convention. We therefore sub-mit, whether it would not be well to recommend tothe societies to furnish accurate accounts of the se-veral cases which may come under their notice, andto detail with precision such of them as may be at-tended with particular circumstances of atrocity.We believe it would be proper that these casesshould be made public by the respective societies.

To devise some eligible plan for the gradual andeffectual abolition of slavery, and to provide for thesecurity and comfortable accommodation of theblacks, when emancipated, are objects of primaryimportance : whether the accomplishment of themcan be best attained by colonization, or Avhether

this is the proper moment for the Convention totake up the subjects, miist be left to the seriousconsideration of the members. The Committeejudged the subject of sufficient moment to recom-mend it to the Convention without expressing anyfurther opinion on the occasion.

To conclude, we confidently hope that all willfeel and ackno^\ ledge the absolute necessity of a con-stant, indefatigable, and unchangeable perseverancein the great objects of our association, persuadedthat our honest endeavours, however opposed byinterest and avarice, must finally prevail. Weknow that we have the aid and concurrent supportof sorae of the wisest and best men of our age, notonly in Europe but America.


24/54

On motion, resolved, that William Franklin,John Griscom, Thomas P. Cope, and JosephBringhurst, jun. be a committee to prepaid and re-port the form of an address to the several AbolitionSocieties in the United States.

Resolved, Thtit so much of the report of theCommittee of Arrangement as relates to the edu-cation, and moral and religious instruction of the

blacks, be referred to the Committee on the ad--dress.

Resolved, that the subject of reviving the ad-

dresses of former Conventions to the free blacks,with such alterations and additions, as may be pro-per, be committed to Richiu*d Hartshorne and

George Williams.

Resolved, That so much of the said report as re-lates to altering the constitution in such manner asto render any member of cither of the AbolitionSocieties, eligible to the office of President, Trea-

surer, or Secretary to the Convention, be refer-

red to James Milnor, William Nc^^bold,

JohnCoffin, and John \''aughan.

Resolved, That so much of the said report as re-lates to the funds of the Convention, be referred to

the Committee on the circular address.

Resolved, That William Jones, Amos Cooper,and James Milnor be appointed to deliberate fur-

ther on the propriety of an address to the legislature

of North Carolina, and to prepare an essay, shouldthey concur in the expediency of such a measure.

Resolved, That so much of the report as relatesto the republication of the address of 1801 to the

people of tlie United States, v/ith such alterations


25/54

23t

and additions as a suitable consideration of the sub-

ject may dictate, be referred to Robert Smith, jun.John Vaiighan, and James Todd, with hberty,should they deem it most advisable, to prepare anentire new address.

Resolved, That that part which relates to a re-commendation of caution in individuals of the sev-eral societies in their efforts on behalf of the blacks^

be referred to the committee on the circular advdress.

So much of the report as relates to the ActingCommittee hereafter to be appointed, is postpon-ed for further deliberation at a future sitting.

Resolved, That so much of the said report as re-commends to such societies as have not appointedStanding Committees to publish extracts and fugi-tive pieces, to give attention to the subject, be re-

ferred to the committee on the circular address.

Resolved, That so much as relates to the subjectt)f kidnapping, be referred to the same commit-tee.

Resolved, That so much as relates to the forma-tion of some eligible plan for the gradual and eflec-tual abolition of slavery, &c. be postponed for fur-ther attention.

Adjourned till to-morrow afternoon at half pasttwo o'clock.


26/54

24

January Wth^


PRESENT :---


William Franklin,John Coffin,Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.John Griscom,Amos Cooper,William Newbold,Thomas P. Cope,


An essay of an address to the free blacks and peo-ple of colour, prepared by the committee appointedfor the purpose, being produced, was read, and onmotion.

Ordered to lie on the table.

The committee on the subject of amending theConstitution, submitted the following resolution,which was read and ordered to lie on the table.

Resolved, That it is inexpedient to alter the Con-stitution in the manner suggested by the Commit-tee of Arrangement.

The committee to prepare an address to the peo-ple of the United States, reported progress andwere continued.

The committtee on the subject of an address tothe legislature of North Carolina made the follow-ing report, which was ordered to lie on the table.


27/54

25

The Committee to whom was referred the subject

of a memorial to theLegislature of North Caro^

lina, have had the same under consideration,

and having paid such attention thereto as was in

their power, beg leave to report,

THAT in their opinion it would, at ttiistime, be inexpedient to offer an address. They be-lieve that public opinion in that state, is exceeding-

ly hostile to the abolition of slavery, that every at-

tempt towards the emancipation of people of colouris regarded with an indignant and jealous eye ; that

at present, the inhabitants of that state consider the

preservation of their lives, and all they hold dear onearth, as depending on the continuance of slaveryand are even riveting more firmly the fetters of op-pression That no language the Convention coulduse, would have the smallest tendency to promotea relaxation of that rigorous severity, which thegreat body of the citizens believe necessary to pre-serve them from insurrection and massacre. Ofthese facts, some of the committee have personalknowledge, and notwithstanding there are in thatas well as in the other southern states, a number ofhumane individuals, who sincerely deprecate thecruelty of those laws which not only tolerate thetraffic in human flesh, but prohibit the feeling mas-ter from manumitting his slave; yet from a consid-eration of the fate that respectful addresses to the

legislature on this subject, have heretofore met with,as well as from other information possessed by theCommittee, they believe that great difficidty wouldattend even the presentation of an address, andthat if presented it would not be read. The com-mittee

however begleave to

recommend,that this

D


28/54

26

subject be still kept in view, and that the Commit-tee appointed to draft an address to the people ofthe United States, be instructed to insert therein,a paragraph expressive of the deep regret felt bythe Convention, that laws, so inconsistent with ourrepublican forms of government, so derogatory tothe character of men professing Christianity, andso destructive to human happiness, should, throughmistaken policy, be continued in force, to the dis-grace of our common country.

On again adverting to that part of the report ofthe Committee of Arrangement which relates to theActing Committee, it was

Resolved, That it be the duty of the ActingCommittee, to open and maintain a correspondence"vvith some of the leading friends to abolition, inBaltimore, Richmond, and Alexandria : to encou-rage them to revive the spirit and form of their as-sociations, and if they cannot send forward delega-tions to the succeeding Convention, at least toinform us of their situation, in order that theConvention may, if practicable, afford them someencouragement under the'r difficulties : and that itbe further recommended to said Committee, tocorrespond with some respectable and influentialfriends to the blacks, in the southern states, forthe purpose of obtaining such information from,time to time, respecting the condition of slavery inthose states, as may enable them to judge of the ex.pediency of establishing Abolition Societies amongthem : and if such establishment should be foundpracticable, the said Committee is requested to af-ford the members suitable information, as to thebest form of organizing themselves, by forward-ing them copies of the minutes of our proceedings,


29/54

27

and of the Constitutions of the Abolition Socie-ties already instituted.

The following resolutions were moved and se-conded, and ordered to lie on the table.

The present Convention continuing firmly im-pressed with the unlawfulness and injustice of sla-very, and the necessity of a persevering diligencein every lawful endeavour, on the part of the friendsof humanity, to eradicate the evil from our land ;and believing that many persons decline an opensupport of the cause of abolition, from a persuasi-on that the object is unattainable without endan-gering the safety and most important interests of thesouthern states, a sentiment in the opinion of thisConvention fallacious and unfounded, and believingfurther, that the formation of a plan for the gradualemancipation of blacks, for their improvement andsecurity when made free, and for preventing anyinjurious effects to the community, from the mea-sure, would be likely to prove highly useful

Resolved, That a committee of eight members beappointed for the above purposes, and that theyreport the result of their deliberation to the nextConvention.

Resolved, That the Acting Committee be re-quested to

institute a correspondence with thefriends of abolition in the eastern states, on the sub-ject of slavery in general, intreating them to main-tain the spirit and form of Abolition Associationsamong them, and, in a particular manner, to affordtheir best exertions in bringing to punishment,such persons as they may discover to be concerned

in the unlawful traf^c in human beings.


30/54

28

The following reports were read and ordered tobe inserted on the minutes.

The Committee appointed by the last Convention to

engage some literary character to compose a his-

tory of slavery in the United States, respectful-

ly report,

THAT they have prevailed on a gentlemanof extensive literature and approved talents, to en-gage in this important undertaking, which has beencommenced, and is in a state of considerable pro-gress : but the completion of the work will neces-sarily be delayed until the author can obtain moredocuments than are in possession of the committee,

and much information v/hich the papers of theConvention do not supply.

THOMAS P. COPE,JAMES MILNOR.

January 11th, 1804.

The Acting Committee report,That agreeably to the order of the Convention,

they revised and examined the minutes of the lastyear, caused six hundred copies of the same tobe printed, and transmitted them, as also thecircular address of the Convention, in suitableproportions to the different societies.

The Committee further report, that no applica-tions for pecuniary aid, have been made by any ofthe societies during the recess, and they have there-fore made no drafts on the funds of the Convention.


31/54

29

No communications have been received by theCommittee since their appointment.

On behalf of the Committee,GEORGE WILLIAMS.

The Treasurer Reports,

That since the meeting of the last Convention

he has received from the New-York manumissionsociety, two hundred dollars---and from the New-Jersey society one hundred dollars- --and that he

holds a resolution of the Pennsylvania society, ap-

propriating two hundred dollars to the use of theConvention.

THOMAS P. COPE, Treasurer.

The following resolution was read and adopted,viz.

Resolved, That the Acting Committee be re-quested to procure a suitable person to transcribe

into the book of minutes, such of the proceedingsof the Convention as have not been already recor-ded, and if necessary, to draw upon the Treasurerfor the ex pence.

The essay of an address to the free blacks andpeople of colour in the United States, was taken upand some time spent in deliberation thereon, whenit Avas, on motion, resolved, that the subject bepostponed until our next sitting.

Adjourned till to-morrow afternoon, at half pasttwo o'clock.


32/54

30

January \2thy


PRESENT :---


William Franklin,John Coffin,Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.John Griscom,Amos Cooper,William Newbokl,Thomas P. Cope,


Abraham Skekon, a delegate from the New- YorkSociety, appeai^ed, and took his seat.

The address to the free blacks and people ofcolour being again taken up, and considered by pa-ragraphs, was adopted as follows :---

To the free Blacks^ and other free People of Co-lour^ in the United States.

THE American Convention for promotingthe Abolition of Slavery and improving the Condi-tion of the African Race, believe it proper to ad-dress you, on subjects highly interesting to yourwell being.

You can have no doubt but that our views arcdisinterested, and we therefore think ourselves en-titled to your attention, whilst we speak of mattersin which you are greatly concerned.

As you are free men, we wish you to place aproper estimate on your privileges, and to act in


33/54

51

a manner becoming your character ; that, by yoiifworthy conduct, you may destroy the prejudices

which some persons entertain against you, and re-lieve your friends from the censures which theyincur in consequence of your errors: we beseechyou, reflect seriously and endeavour to removethese reproaches ; and it is our earnest and affec-tionate advice, that you remember your gi'eat andgood Creator, who has placed you in this life, in

order that you may, by acting well your pai't here,be qualified for everlasting happiness hereafter

Can you expect that happiness, if instead of attend-ing places of divine worship, there to pray for his

holy aid, you spend the Sabbath, as well as much ofthe other parts of your time, in frolicking, drink-ing, or other evil practices, which destroy your

own comfort, give cause of offence to your neigh-bours, and above all greatly displease that all- seeingGod, before whom you must appear to give anaccount for all your conduct ? Let us prevail uponyou to refrain from the use of spiritous liquors,which have occasioned misery to thousands fromgaming, a vice which will bring poverty upon your

families, and from frolicking and amusements,which lead to idleness and expence : these habitsof dissipation, can in no wise add to your comfort.Be industrious, diligent in your business, frugalin your expences, and endeavour to lay up part ofyour earnings against a time of need. Some of youcan read, such know the advantages of it ; you

who cannot, strive to acquire that knowledge.Surely this knowledge is an object of great impor-tance, were it only for the opportunity it affords ofbecoming acquainted with that best of books, theBible. The holy Scriptures of the old and newtestament, contain invaluable treasures of instiuc-tion, and of comfort. It would give us much satis-faction, could we often er see them in the hands of


34/54

62

those who are able to read them, and that an in-creasing anxiety to become possessed of their con-

tents, and to profit by their precepts, might bemore and more observable among you.

Very much depends upon the right education ofyour children, endeavour to have them brought upto labour, and taught to read and write ; early placethem apprentice with suitable masters, and whether

they be tradesmen or farmers, be always particular-ly careful to prefer such, as by their example, willencourage them in industry and sobriety.

In all your dealings be just and honest, give nocause of offence to any, and if any dispute, eitheramong yourselves, or with others, should unhap-

pily arise, in which you find difficulty, apply to suchpersons in your neighbourhoods as you knowto be your friends, and able to give you advice andassistance. Be assured you will find this practicecontribute much more to your peace and interest,than the settling your differences at law.

Be careful to observe your marriage covenants,remembering that those who violate them, will fallunder the displeasure of the Almighty. We wishalso to impress upon your minds, the necessity ofhaving your marriage ceremonies legally performed,and that the births and deaths in your respectivefamilies, be carefully registered. In the words of

an address heretofore made, we recommend youat all times, and upon all occasions, to behave your-selves in a civil and respectful manner, by whichyou mav prevent contention and remove manycauses of complaint : we beseech you to reflect, thatyou may, by your good conduct, refute the objec-tions which have been made against you as rational

and moral creatures, and lessen many of the diffi-


35/54

33

ciiltics which now occur in the emancipation of suchof your brethren, as are yet in bondage.

In all your communications with those of yourbrethren who remain in slavery, we desire you un->ceasingly to impress them with the necessity ofcontentment with their situations, submission totheir masters, and fidelity to their interests thatthey be not merely eye- servants, but carefully per-

form the labours assigned them, and manage everything intrusted to their care, with as much faithful-ness as if it were their own. By this conduct theywill excite in their masters, a disposition to treat

them v.ith humanity and gentleness, and to increasethe number of their privileges and comforts ; andcontribute to the peace of their own minds.

Console them with the reflection, that unmixedhappiness in a future life, will be the portion of all

good men, whatever may have been their lot herebelow\

The resolution relative to an amendment of theConstitution, laid on the table yesterday, was nowadopted.

The report of the Committee on the subject ofan address to the legislature of North Carolina, laidon the table yesterday, being again read, was con-curred in.

The consideration of the resolution respecting aplan for the gradual abolition of slavery, &:c. wasresumed, and after considerable discussion, wasadopted.

The following persons were appointed a com-mittee to carrv the said resolution into effect, viz.


36/54

54

Matthew Franklin, Abraham Skelton, Thomas P.Cope, James Milnor, John Griscom, William New-bold, John Vaughan, Joseph Bringhurst, jun.

The following resolution was laid on the table :

Resolved, That a Committee be appointed toprepare a memorial to Congress, requesting themto take into their serious consideration, the utilityand propriety of inserting,

in the regulations aboutto be established for the government of the terri-tory of Louisiana, a prohibition of the importationof slaves into that territory.

Adjourned till half past seven o'clock this even-

January \1tb^-- Half past Se'u^n o'clock^ P. M.

Convention met.

PRESENT:---

MATTHEW FRANKLIN, President.Abraham Skelton,William Franklin,Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.

John Griscom,Amos Cooper,William Nev\ bold,Thomas P. Cope,

James Todd,James Milnor,George Williams,William Jones,John Vaughan,Joseph Bringhurst, jun.Othniel iVlsop.

Resolved, That Thomas P. Cope and JamesMilnor, be continued a committee to afford to theauthor who has undertaken to compose a history


37/54

9$

of slavery in the United States, such informationand assistance, towards the completion of that

work, as may be in their power ; and, should it becompleted before the next annual meeting of theConvention, the said committee are authorized, ifit meet their approbation, to cause it to be publish-ed by subscription, or otherwise ; to superintendthe publication, and agree upon a suitable compen-sation to the author.

Resolved, That John Coffin and William Frank-lin, of New-York---Richard Hartshorne and Ro-bert Smith, jun. ofNew-Jersey---andJohn Vaughanand Joseph Bringhurst, jun. of Delaware, be ap-pointed to co-operate and correspond with the pre-ceding committee, and to furnish them with all such

documents as they can obtain, and which may beuseful to the author of the proposed work.

The resolution, laid on the table at last meeting,respecting an application to Congress to prohibit

the importation of slaves into the territory of Lou-isiana, was deliberated on and adopted ; and GeorgeWilliams and Joseph Bringhurst jun. were appoint-ed to draft an essay of a memorial on the subject,

and produce it at next sitting.

The following circular address to the several Abo-lition Societies was read, considered by paragraphs,

and approved.

To the Society for Promoting the Abo-lition of Slaijery.

WE have received, with cordial satisfaction,the addresses to this Convention from the societies

in New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, and De-laware.


38/54

36

This interchange of opinion and information,betv.een the Convention and its constituents, is as

the vital current of tlie body, flowing from partto part, and communicating genial warmth, andhealth, and vigour, to every portion of the system.

Our satisfaction would have been much increas-ed, could we haA'e ackno'wlcdged the receipt ofcommunications and delegations from several so-cieties which were represented in former Conven-tions, but from whom Ave have now no direct in-telligence ; and had some of the addresses Mhichhave been presented this year, contained more de-tailed information.

Impressed with a sense of the interesting nature

of the subject, we cannot but call your renewed at-tention to the education of the blacks. The schoolsare represented as being, in some parts, in a flour-ishing condition ; while in others, it is to be fear-ed, little or nothing has been done towards theirestablishment and support. We recommend tosuch societies as have it not in their power, from

the scantiness of their funds and other circumstan-ces, to employ regular tutors, to form associationsof their members, or other v.ell disposed individ-uals, to instruct the people of colour in the mostsimple and useful branches of education ; especial-ly on the first day of the week a day too often de-voted to dissipation. It is also of importance thattheir religious and moral education should keeppace with their know ledge of letters, or much per-manent good will not Ijc accomplished- Theyshould be taught to fear and venerate the Deity ; torespect the laws of the country, and in all things toact as becomes men escaped from bondage, and onon whose good conduct must, in some measure,depend the liberation of their brethren, and the kin.^i


39/54

37

treatment of such as remain In slavery. We be-lieve it would be profitable occasionally to convene

them, in order to aftbrd suitable opportunities toimpress their minds with these truths.

As much good may be expected to result fromthe establishment of a fund, to be at the disposal ofthe Convention, we hope the laudable example setby some of the societies, in their donations for that

purpose, will be followed by wealthy individuals,and by other societies who are in a capacity to af-ford it.

A person of established literary reputation hasbeen engaged to write a history of the rise, pro-gress, and present state of slavery in the United

States ; and some advancement has been made mthe work As a gTcat variety of information onthis subject will be necessary, to enable the authorto compose a correct and ample history, you arerequested to collect and forward, without delay, allsuch essays and facts, relative to the design, asmay be in your power.

At the same time that we invite a vigilant andconstant attention, in the friends of tte blacks, toprevent as far as their power extends, the infracti-on of the laws of the country in favour of emanci-pation, we confidently trust that due care will beobserved to select men to the several offices of thesocieties, who have their zeal tempered with pru-dence and knowledge ; for we are sensible, that forwant of sound discretion on the part of some well-meaning, but over- zealous individuals, the viewsand conduct of the body at large, have been gross-ly misunderstood : the cause has suffered undeserv-ed reproach in the minds of some of our fellowcitizens, and heavy expences have been .incurred


40/54

in the unfavourable termination of suits undertakenwithout sufficient evidence, and with too much

precipitation.

Being persuaded that no favourable opportunityshould be lost for impressing the public mind withthe iniquity of slavery, and the varied vices andsevils, which are incident to it, in all their forms andconsequences, we entreat such of you as have not

chosen Standing Committees, charged with thepublication of extracts and fugitive pieces, on thisvery interesting subject, to adopt the meas-ure :Its utility has been fully proven by experience,which is the best test of wisdom. To those soci-eties who have derived advantage from the practice,we recommend a diligent and habitual attention to

the subject.

We observe, with much sensibility and regret,that the inhuman and wicked practice of kidnap-ping, still prevails in our country, and that seve-ral cases of it have occun'cd since the meeting ofthe last Convention. Was there no other object tpclaim the ardent sympathy, and the active opposi-tion of our associated brethren, than this alone, itwould of itself be sufficiently interesting and mo-mentous to justify an union of all our powers, anda vigorous combination of all our efforts, to resistthis single enormity, this cruel and savage violationof the rights of our fellow-men. We request thatyou will, in your succeeding communications tothe Convention, furnish accurate accounts of theseveral cases which may come under your notice,and that you will detail with precision, such ofthem as may be attended with particular circum-stances of atrocity. The perpetrators should beknown and exposed to public odium : Their nameswiiencver detected, should be circulated through-


41/54

39

out the coiitinent, through the medium of the pub-lic prints ; and no offender, who can be brought to

punishment, should be suffered to escape the justpenalty of his transgressions.

' The discouragements which prevail among thefriends and advocates of the African race, especial-ly to the southward, have excited the anxious con-cern of the Convention. While we have nine hun-

dred thousand slaves in our country while wehave the strongest evidence that new importationswill take place while the abominable practice ofkidnapping exists to an alarming and most sorrow-ful extent while we have reason to believe thathundreds of vessels sail annually from our shoresto traffic in the blood of our fellow-men andwhil,e we feel, acknowledge, and deplore, that thecause of emancipation has many strenuous, pow-erful, and unwearied opponents, in, every quar-ter of the union Can this be the time to remit ourefforts ? and to abandon that standard under which,with the favour and protection of Providence, somany thousands have been rescued from the yoke ofbondage, and restored to the enjoyment of theirnatural rights ? not so brethren Be not disheart-ened Let us rather redouble our diligence to helpforward the great and good work in which we haveengaged ; resting our hopes of ultimate success, onour honest and disinterested endeavours, and onthe justice of our cause.

The following persons were appointed to consti-tute the Acting Committee, viz. John Griscom,James Milnor, George Williams, William Jones,Joseph Bringhurst, jun.


42/54

4d

On motion, resolved, That John Vaughan andRobert Smith, jun. be a committee to prepare and

report a set of rules for the government of the Act-ina: Committee.

Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at 10 o'clock.

January 13//6, 1804.

Convention met pursuant to adjournment.

PRESENT :---


Abraham Skelton,William Franklin,John Coffin,Richard Hartshorne,

Robert Smith, jun.John Griscom,Amos Cooper,William Newbold,

Thomas P. Cope,James Todd,James Milnor,George Williams,William Jones,John Vaughan,Joseph Bringhurst, jun.Othniel Alsop.

The committee appointed to draft a memorial tocongress, produced the following ; which was readby paragraphs, adopted, and referred to the ActingCommittee, who are desired to forward the same tothe seat of government.

To THE Senate and House of Representatives, ofTHE United States of America, in Congress as-sembled.

THE Convention of Delegates, fromthe dlflerent Abolition Societies of the United

States, beg leave respectfully to propose for your


43/54

4l

consideration, the utility and proprlctv of passingsuch la^vs, as shall prohibit the importation of slavesinto the Territory of Louisiana, lately ceded to theUnited States.

Your memorialists feel themselves deeply im-pressed with this important subject ; and they deemit their duty to solicit, most earnestly, your seriousattention to the proposition. They believe, that

wisdom and sound policy are so intimately united,by their Eternal Parent, that man cannot separatethem v.ith impunity. If wisdom urge the perform-ance of any particular act- --if it command the for-mation and establishment of any specific law ; thesoundest policy will be evinced by obedience tothat injunction.

True virtue, the offspring of wisdom, teachesman to love his fellow-man, and enjoins him toperform all that may be within the compass of hisabilities, for the general happiness of his species,

'^Vhen national governments comply with thisbenevolent and sublime law, they become the pro-

vidential instruments of national blessings ; butwiien they oppose or disregard its dictates, theirconstituents must necessarily feel, sooner or later,all the calamities ^^hich follow such opposition orneglect.

Our ancestors have, unhanuilv, entailed on someof our states, the evils of slavery. Many of ourfellow-citizens in those states, we believe, aremournfully sensible of the magnitude of their bur-then ; but they know and feel, that man may com-mit error with more facility than he can eradicateits consequences. Your memorialists entreat y.outo reflect on---to consider, with impartial attention,

the dangers and diflicultics before you ; and beseechF


44/54

roll, with deep concern, to preserve the country,whose regulations depend on your wisdom, from

similar calamities.

They also respectfully suggest to you, that whilethe Constitution of the United States declares allmen equally entitled to liberty, they cannot con-ceive our government as acting consistently withits declarations, if it shall, in any instance, author-

ize man to enslave unoffending man. In compli-ance with that distinguishing principle of ournational constitution, a former congress judged itexpedient to introduce among its regulations for thegovernment of the North- Western Territory, aprovision resembling that which your memorialistsnow suggest to you.

There is another consideration, to which yourmemorialists feel themselves bound to call your at-tention. While the governments of Europe areshaken by civil discord, or surrounded by the in-calculable cruelties and horrors of national warfare,a benilicent and over-ruling Providence has beenpleased to jireserve for our country, the blessingsof peace to grant us new proofs of his goodnessand to place us in a condition of prosperity, unri-A ailed in the records of history. Does it not becomethe duty of a nation so crowned with the blessingsof peace, and plenty, and happiness, to manifest itsgratitude, to the whole world, by acts of justice and

virtue?

For the true honour of our country frombenevolence towards the future possessors of ournewly acquired soil, your memorialists hope youwill hear and grant their request. And with all therespect which is due to the representatives of a freepeople, they subscribe themselves cordially yourfriends and fellow -citizens.


45/54

43

The resolution instructing the Acting Commit-tee to institute a correspondence with the friends

of abohtion in the eastern states, was taken up andagreed to.

The address to the people of the United Stateswas again read ; and, after some discussion, it waSjon motion, agreed to be recommitted to the samecommittee, and produced at our next sitting.

William Newbold requested leave of absence forthe remainder of the session, which was granted.

Adjourned till this evening at half past six o'clock.

January \3th^---Half past Six o''cIock, P. M.

Convention met.

PRESENT :---

MATTHEW FRANKLIN,President.

Abraham Skelton,William Franklin,John Coffin,Richard Hartshorne,Robert Smith, jun.John Griscom,Amos Cooner,Thomas P. Cope,


The following rules for the government of theActing Committee, reported by the committee ap-pointed for the purpose, were now considered and,adopted :


46/54

44,

Rules for tht. Government of the ActingCommittee.

I. IT shall be their duty, to meet as soon

after the rise of the Convention as conveniently

may be, to organize themselves ; and they shall

hold stated meetings on the first Mondays in the

monthsof March, May, July, and December.

II. At their first meeting, tliey shall appoint

a chairman and secretary It shall be the duty ofthe Chairman, to preside at the meetings of the

Committee ; and any Vvritten communications from

members residing at a distance, shall be addressed

to him.

III. The Secretary shall keep regular minutes

of their proceedings, and record them in a book, to

be provided for the purpose.

IV. Special meetings may be called by the

Chairman, at the request of any two members.

V. At all meetings of the committee, three

membersshall

constitute a quorum."*

VI. At the close of the term for which they are

appointed, the minutes of their proceedings shall

be submitted to the inspection of the Convcntion>


47/54

45

On motion, resolved, That the treasurer, withthe advice and approbation of the Actinc^ Commit-tee, beat hberty to place at interest, from time totime, such monies as he may deem proper.

An amended form of an address to tlie people ofthe United States, being produced, a\ as read andagreed to as follows :

TO THEPEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES.

FELLOW CTTIL'EKS,

THE American Convention for promotingthe Abolition of Slavery, and improA'ing the Con-dition of the African race, assembled for the pur-pose of deliberation upon such matters as relate tothe design of their institution, believe it their dutyto address you at this time : not with a view todescant upon the horrors of slavery, or its incom-patibility with sound policy, with justice, with mo-rality, and with the spirit and doctrines of Christi-anity : for besides that the circumscribed nature

of such an address necessarily precludes lengthyanimadversion, these are topics, which have beenso repeatedly and ably discussed, as to leave littleroom for additional arr^'ument or new illustration.The feeling's and the judgnient have been often ad-dressed with all the strength of reason and the pow-ers of eloquence, and although prejudice may blindthe eyes of some, and avarice close the avenues ofsensibility in others, we derive consolation fromthe assurance, that the wise and the good, the lib-eral and the considerate of all classes of the commu-nitv, lament the existence of slaverv, and considerit as a dark stain in the annals of our country.

Wedo not even hesitate to believe, that many w ho hold


48/54

46

slaves by demise, acknowledge the injuftice of thetenure ; but perplexed in the contemplation of the

embarrassment in which they find themselves, theyare ready to exclaim, " What shall be done withthem !" We would willingly include these amongthe number of our friends, and entreat them to unitein the removal of an evil so justly and almost uni-versally deplored.

Aprincipal

object of our concern, is to rouse theattention of the public to the continued---may wenot say---increasing necessity of exertion. We fearmany have taken up an idea, that there is less oc-casion now than formerly, for active zeal in pro-moting the cause of the oppressed African : butwhen it is remembered that there are about nine

hundred thousand slaves in our country!

that hun-dreds of vessels do annually sail fi-om our shores, totraffic in the blood of our fellow men ! and thatthe abominable practice of kidnapping is carried onto an alarming extent ! surely it will not bethought a time for supineness and neglect. Oughtnot rather every faculty of the mind to be awaken-

ed ? and in a matter wherein the reputation andprosperity of these United States are so deeply in-volved, is it possible that any can remain as indif-ferent and idle spectators ?

The gross and violent outrages committed by ahorde of kidnappers, call aloud for redress. Wehave reason to believe, there is a complete chain ofthem along our sea coast, from Georgia to Maine.Like the vulture, soaring in apparent indifference,while watching for his prey, these shameless men,disguised in the habiliments of gentlemen, hauntpublic places, and at night seize and carry off thevictims of their avarice. The Convention are in-

formed of some of their insidious manoeuvres.


49/54

47

They generally have vessels moored in small riversand creeks, and after stealing the unprotected, they

decoy by stratagem and allure by specious offers ofgain, such free persons of colour as they find sus-ceptible of delusion. Others residing near the sea-coast, are continually purchasing slaves in the

middle states, to sell at an advanced price to their

compeers in infamy. For the victims of this shock-ing business, they find a ready market among the

southern planters. The design of this detail, mustbe obvious : It is to excite the vigilance of every

friend to humanitv and to virtue, in the detectionand punishment of these monsters in the shape ofmen.

To complain of injusice, or petition for redressof grievances, cannot be mistaken for rebellion a-gainst the laws of our country. We lament there-fore the existence of statutes in the state of NorthCarolina, prohibiting individuals the privilege ofdoing justice to the unfortunate slave, and to theirown feelings, by setting him at liberty ; and welearn with the deepest regret, that the state of South

Carolina has recently repealed the law prohibitingthe importation of slaves from Africa into thatstate. Such appears to be the melancholy fact ; butwe cannot restrain the involuntary question Isthis possible ? Is the measure of iniquity not yetfilled ? Is there no point at which you will stop ? Orwas it necessary to add this one step, to complete

the climax of folly, cruelty, and desperation ? Ohlegislators ! we beseech you to reflect, before youincrease the evils which already surround you ingloomy and frightful perspective !

Beholding with anxiety the increase rather thandiminution of slavery and its dreadful concomitants,

we earnestly request the zealous co-operation of


50/54

48

every friend to justice and ever}' lover of his coun-try. It is an honourable, a virtuous and a humane

cause in which we ha^'c embarked. Much goodhas already been effected, but much remains to bedone ; and, under the divine blessing, may we notconfidently hope, that in proportion to the sincer-ity of our motives, and the temperate, firm, andpersevering constancy of our exertions, will be oursuccess, and peaceful reward. Those who live

contiguous to the sea-ports, in particular, v.e wishmay be stimulated to vigilance, that none of thoseshameful acts of atrocity adAcrted to, may eludedeserved punishment ; and our fellow citizens ofthe eastern states are respectfully invited to pay at-tention to the clandestine traffic in slaves, carried onfrom some of their ports. Such daring infractions

of the laws of our countr}- require prompt and de-cisive measures.

Many aspersions have been cast upon the ad\'o-cates of the freedom of the Blacks, by malicious orinterested men ; but, conscious of the rectitude ofour intentions, and the disinterestedness of our en-

deavours, we hope not to be intimidated by censurefrom performing the part assigned us. We franklyown, that it is our A\ish to promote a generalemancipation ; and, in doing this, it is our beliefwe essentially promote the true interests of thestate : Although many inconveniencies may resultfrom a general liberation of the People of Colour;vet those which flow from their continuance in sla-very, must be infinitely greater, and are every dayincreasing. It is, therefore, in our estimation,desirable that this object should be brought aboutwith as much speed as a prudent regard to existingcircumstances, and the safetv of the countrv, wiiladmit : But in all our endeavours for its accom-plishment, we hope to move with care and circum-


51/54

49

spectlon. We pointedl}^ disavow the most distantintention to contravene any existing law of thestates collectively or separately---We will not know-ingly infi'inge upon the nominal rights of property,although those rights may only be traced to ourstatute-books ; and while we desire to be supportedin our endeavours to defend the cause of the op-pressed, we hope that discretion and moderationwill characterize all our proceedings.

Wefeel with

others the common frailties of humanity, and, there-fore cannot expect an exemption from error. Thebest intentions are sometimes inadvertently led a-stray ; a lively zeal in a good cause may occasional-ly overleap the bounds of discretion : althoughtherefore individuals may, in some instances, have

suffered their zeal to exceed knowledge, yet we re-peat, that the line of conduct which we approve, andwhich is consonant with the spirit and design ofour institutions, is in strict conformity with a duesubmission to existing laws, and to the legal claimsof our fellow citizens. On this ground v.e thinkAve hcixe a juft claim to the countenance and support

of all liberal minds- --of all who delight in the realprosperity of their country, and in the multiplica-tion of human happiness.

We conclude in the expression of a hope, thatthe Supreme Disposer of events, Avill prosper ourlabours in this work of justice, and hasten the day,

when liberty shall be proclaimed to the captive, andthis land of boasted freedom and independence, berelieved from the opprobrium ^^hich the sufferingsof the oppressed African now cast upon it.

Resolved, That the Acting Committee procurethe insertion of the preceding addicss in as many


52/54

50

of the public newspapers as possible ; and that theyalso cause one thousand copies thereof, togetherwith one thousand copies of the address to the freeblacks to be printed in sheets, and transmitted to thedifferent societies for distribution.

Resolved, That the said committee cause fivehundred copies of the proceedings of this conven-tion, and as many copies of the circular address asthey may judge necessary to be printed and trans-mitted as above.

Resolved, That the Acting Committee presentthe thanks of the Convention to the President ofthe select council of the city of Philadelphia, for the

Hse of this chamber during the present session.

Adjourned sine die.

Published by order of the Convention,

OTHNIEL ALSO?, Sec'ry.

THE END,

Solomon W. Conrad Printer.


53/54


54/54

,

(1804) minutes of proceedings of the ninth american convention

Documents