Balsgård

Department of Plant Breeding, SLU

www.slu.se/balsgard

Apple: production and consumtion in Sweden

Commercial orchards: 20-25.000 tonnes/year

Home gardens (2,6 mill garden units x 2,6 apple trees = 7 mill apple trees x 5 kg): 35.000 tonnes/year (Capacity of 280.000 tonnes/year has been reported)

Imported fruit: > 100.000 tonnes/year + juice etc.

ROOM FOR EXPANDING SWEDISH APPLE PRODUCTION!

Registered in 2003, breeders rights: SLU

Licensed as a club variety inside the Nordic countries

Picking time:first–second week of October, same time as Ingrid Marie and one week after Golden Delicious

FridaOrigin and picking time

Aroma (Ingrid Marie x Filippa) x PRI 1858/102

Average sugar, much acidity, very high acidity/sweetness when harvested

Needs to ’mellow’ for 2–4 months – lots of aromatic compounds, round full but still somewhat tart taste –this is NOT a Gala type….

Firmness at harvest: 8.4 kg/cm2 (penetrometer) average all late-ripening diploids: 8.8

Firmness after 12 weeks of regular cold storage: 5.8 kg/cm2

average all late-ripening diploids: 4.4

FridaQuality characteristics

Md-ACS1 1:1, Md-ACO1 2:2, Md-PG1 1:1, Md-EXP7 202:202

Frida

Trees

Average tree size, open angles and a tendency to produce ’naked’ branches,

easily trained but requires smart pruning for good yields

Fruit: rounded-broadly conical, even size (70–80 mm) and colour (greenish yellow with 40–70% clear red cover, no russetting, no greasiness

FridaFlowering time

Same as Gala and Golden Delicious (late for Sweden!), Frost-resistant flowers and fruit Self-sterility genes: s3 and s7 according to DNA tests

Resistance

Vf-resistance against apple scabMedium to highly sensitive to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), and lacking the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

Storage

Easily stored but needs carefully optimized CA-conditionsUsually marketed in February–AprilAverage susceptibility to Penicillium expansum (fruit inocul-ations), above average to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

FredrikOrigin and picking time

Aroma x PRI 1858/102

Registered in 2003, breeders rights: SLU

Propagation rights: Swedish Elite Plant Station

Picking time:middle to end of September, same time as Worcesterpearmain and Honecrisp, one week before Cox’s Orange Pippin and two weeks before Golden Delicious

Firmness at harvest: 7.5 kg/cm2 (penetrometer) average all late-ripening diploids: 8.8

Firmness after 12 weeks of regular cold storage: 2.6 kg/cm2

average all late-ripening: 4.4 (almost all other tested varieties much more late-ripening than Fredrik)

Md-ACS1 1:2, Md-ACO1 2:2, Md-PG1 1:1, Md-EXP7 202:202

Fredrik

Quality characteristics

Average sugar, somewhat high in acidity when harvested, well-balanced acidity/sweetness after 4 weeks, VERY AROMATIC, highly appreciated in Sweden, ’most popular variety’ in large tests with school children

FredrikTrees

Average to smallish tree, tends to produce short branches and many spurs, easily trained but requires fruit thinning for good size

Has produced high yields of marketable fruit in an organic comparative trial at Årslev, Denmark

Fruit: rounded shape, somewhat variable size (60–80 mm) and colour (greenish yellow with 15–70% orange-red cover), no russetting, no greasiness

Fredrik

Flowering

Flowering time: same as Gala and Golden DeliciousSelf-sterility genes: s3 and s7 according to DNA tests

Resistance

Vf-resistance against apple scabMedium sensitive to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), and lacking the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

Storage

Mostly marketed as a home garden variety but still acceptable texture and taste in January after regular cold storageAbove average susceptibility to Penicillium expansum (fruit inoculations), average to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

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Picking time:middle to late August, 1–2 weeks before Discovery

Medium to largish, very productive tree, fruit ripens during several weeks, mainly suitable for home gardens?

Unusually firm and crisp fruit, uneven size (60–80 mm), plum-shaped, yellow with 20–80% intense salmon-reddish flush, balanced acidity/sweetness, very aromatic, yellowish-pinkish flesh

Vf-resistance against apple scab, good field resistance against Monilia

K:1343 ‘Augusta’Co-op 14, open pollination

B:1377 ‘Agnes’Discovery open pollination

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Picking time:middle to late August, 1–2 weeks before Discovery

Medium-sized to smallish, well-shaped, easily pruned and medium-productive tree

Attractive fruit, even size (60–75 mm), rounded, yellow with 70–90% pinkish red flush, sweet and very aromatic, not as firm as Discovery but tastes MUCH BETTER!

Good field resistance against apple scab and Monilia.Medium to low susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), has one of the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

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Picking time:August–September, as Discovery or one week later

Medium-sized, well-shaped, easily pruned and medium-productive tree

B:1458 ‘Trulsa’Eva-Lotta x B4:1547

Conical–oblong fruit with even size (65–75 mm), yellow with 30–70% stripy red cover, medium firm for an early-ripening variety, very sweet and aromatic

Good field resistance against apple scab and Monilia.Medium to low susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

Bf:02002 ‘Sofia’William’s Pride x BM50602

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Picking time:beginning of September, as Discovery or one week later

Medium-sized, well-shaped, easily pruned and medium-productive tree

Rounded fruit, smallish (60–70 mm), yellow with 30–70% red flush, extremely firm and crisp, balanced acidity/sweetness, still acceptable quality after 4 months in regular cold storage!

Vf-resistance against apple scab, good field resistance against Monilia.

K:1160 ‘Lovisa’Katja x Priscilla

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Picking time:middle of September, as Aroma and James Grieve

Medium-sized productive tree, easily pruned, no thinning required, prone to apple canker?

Well-shaped conical fruit, even size (70–80 mm), yellow with 50–90% intense red flush, below-average firmness, sweet and mild, receives high consumer ratings for taste and appearance

Vf-resistance against apple scab Above average susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations) but has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

K:1016 ‘Folke’Aroma x PRI 1858/102

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Picking time:first–second week of October, same time as Ingrid Marie and one week after Golden Delicious

Large productive, triploid tree

Suitable both as a table apple and for processing

Large rounded fruit (80–90 mm), yellow with 10–50% orange-red flush, above-average firmness, medium sweet, high acidity/ sweetness at harvest, mellows after 2–3 months, very aromatic

Vf-resistance against apple scabLow to average susceptibility to fireblight (shoot tip inoculations), has the two Lg7 Fiesta markers

K:0963 ‘Fanny’Aroma x PRI 1858/102

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Picking time:first–second week of October, same time as Ingrid Marie and one week after Golden Delicious

Medium-sized productive tree

Rounded fruit, even size (65–80 mm), yellow with 30–70% orange-pink flush, some russetting, medium firm, balanced

�acidity/sweetness, aromatic, stores well

Vf-resistance against apple scab