17th February 2003 Town Meeting1

Science Committee Report

… a new science strategy and programme for PPARC

James Stirling (Chairman) Norman McCubbinMartin Ward (Deputy Chairman) Keith MasonJohn Dainton John PeacockBrian Foster Steve RawlingsMike Lockwood Jenny Thomas

17th February 2003 Town Meeting2

The financial situation

The whole science programme has been under enormous financial pressure: we have tried to … maintain and exploit a current world-class research

programme create headroom for new opportunities Balance ‘core science’ with other parts of the PPARC

programme, e.g. E&T

… but now a generous SR settlement gives us the opportunity to revitalise the programme and embark on major new world-class projects

17th February 2003 Town Meeting3

SC response to SR2002

Science Committee has put out a call in April 2002 for Statements of Interest in major new projects (78 responses) received advice from the Advisory Panels on scientific priority of these, and technology implications examined the current programme in detail (SCP4, SCAMP) and restructured where necessary received bids from grants panels for increasing the grants lines commissioned a review of high-performance computing (Webber Panel) to report shortly

Science Committee(23/24 October)

Science Committee(26/27 November)

SoIs, SCP4, SCAMP, grants,bids from cut PP projects

draft plan

Council(29 January)

Advisory PanelsGrants Panels

Town Meeting(17 February)

Council input

SR announcement

Science Committee

(13 January)

strategy & new programme

Science Committee

(10 February)

17th February 2003 Town Meeting5

Guidance & challenges from Council

Take a more robust/radical view of value of investment in current vs. new

Focus on a smaller set of projects which if fully funded would deliver greater impact

Consider investing in more high-risk projects which might deliver higher scientific return

Ensure sufficient investment in generic technologies so that UK can win leadership in future projects (ring-fenced technology funds?)

17th February 2003 Town Meeting6

SR2002 uplift

Uplift (£M) 04/05 - 05/06

resource 15

capital 10

infrastructure 5.3

gravity and planets 9

accelerator R&D* 5.4

e-science 31.6

MICE** 7.4

* plus contribution from CCLRC £9M** ‘Large Scale Experimental Facility’

no new money in 03/04

Assumption is that SR2002 uplift will be absorbed into post 2006 baseline (cf. SR2000 e-science funds)

general uplift

targeted uplift

17th February 2003 Town Meeting7

SC has put together a new science programme, and an updated long-term strategy document on PPARC website

Despite significant uplift, there will still be insufficient funds to support the range of high-priority, world-class activities that the community has proposed ( Annex 3), therefore very difficult choices

Bids included (next 3 year period, non-targeted projects)A grants £4.5M UKDM £6.5M LHC GPDs £3MPPE grants £4M CMBR £1M Technology £3MPPT grants £2M JWST £6M HPC £??M

A new science programme

= £30M + …

SC recommends:*

Continuation of the current programme (construction & exploitation) ‘Cost to completion’ increases for ATLAS and CMS at LHC Increased support for CDF and D0 at Tevatron Decreased support for Starlink Uplift of all grants lines

A: £4.5M PPE: £2.0M (12 new posts + 5% indexation) PPT: £1.3M (12 new posts)

A new ‘blue skies’ technology development fund (£0.4M) Continuation of e-science programme, with move towards ‘applications’

* NOTE: all costs are approximate, subject to confirmation, and refer to next three year period; everything subject to detailed peer review and Council approval where appropriate

New projects: NGST/JWST (6m James Webb Space Telescope) GAIA (detailed study of our galaxy) Eddington (planet finder and asteroseismology) Earthshine (solar variability effects on earth) BepiColombo (ESA mission to Mercury) Solar Orbiter (close-up study of Sun) STP facilities and rockets upgrades (near-Earth space) Aurora (ESA)/Bilaterals (non-ESA) space missions Solar System Modelling (coupled approach) new VLT/Gemini instruments (exploit ESO membership) Advanced LIGO, Smart2 LISA (gravity wave searches) UKDM (dark matter search at Boulby) CMBR (ground-based cosmic microwave bkgd studies) Accelerator R&D programme (towards linear collider and neutrino factory) MICE (muon ionisation cooling for neutrino factory) nEDM (new neutron electric dipole moment measurement)

17th February 2003 Town Meeting10

(£M) 03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11

PPRP line 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

PA initiatives 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.4

technology fund 0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

total 1.1 1.1 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.8

‘New initiatives’ funding lines

+ grants lines, bilaterals line, ….

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Project criteria

Scientific impact science quality timeliness and urgency distinctiveness future capability

Cost-benefit gain/risk balance scale of investment opportunity cost

PPARC CASH FUNDING0.050.0100.0150.0200.0250.0300.003/0404/0505/0606/0707/0808/0909/1010/1111/12Astro / Particle PhysicsStrat Planning & CommProgramme managementScience & societyKnowledge transferStudent / fellowshipsAdmin & restructuringInternational subsinflated funding @2.5%level funding

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12

£m

Science programme

E-science

Students & Fellowships

Strat Planning & Comm

Prog management

Science & society

Knowledge transfer

Admin & restructuring

Other

Decommssng assets

International subs

Inflated funding @ 2.5%

Level funding

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

03/04 04/05 05/06 06/07 07/08 08/09 09/10 10/11 11/12

Year

£k

nEDM

CMB

LIGO (Construction and Exploitation)

Dark Matter

Tevatron D0

Tevatron CDF

Accelerator R&D new

CMS increase

ATLAS increase

Technology Studies

UKCAN

STP Upgrades/rockets

Aurora/Bilaterals/Earthshine

Solar Orbiter

Bepi/Colombo

MERLIN - VLBI

NGST/J WST

LISA

GAIA - RVS

ESO instruments

Eddington - Eddicam

PP grants - uncommitted

PP grants - committed

Current PP projects

Astro grants - uncommitted

Astro grants - committed

Current Astro projects

Guideline

SolarOrbiter

UKDMReview

LISA

STPupgrades UKCAN

PPARC planned Science Programme 2003 - 2011

17th February 2003 Town Meeting14

Other issues & challenges

Provision for high-performance computing (UKQCD, UKAFF, …) – bid for SR2004?

Preparation for full-partner involvement in Linear Collider (where? when? how much?)

Basic Technology Fund – must figure out how to improve success rate for PPARC

Review of peer-review and advisory structure after two years of new system

15 Town Meeting17th February 2003

The Linear Collider

… into the heart of matter

e.g.TESLA

X-Ray laser

Electron-positron collisions at ~1 TeV Reproducing the Big Bang in the lab Precision studies of the fundamental constituents of all matter: Higgs, supersymmetry, superstrings, extra dimensions, … X-Ray laser – a movie of the Micro World

with the UK playing a leading role!

16 Town Meeting17th February 2003

The Neutrino FactoryThe Neutrino Factory

• The ultimate tool for studying neutrinos

• Birth of a new technique (muon collider)

MICE@RAL NuFact@RAL?

17 Town Meeting17th February 2003

Mars and its surface

structure

Planetary Exploration, Origins of LifePlanetary Exploration, Origins of Life and Formation of our Solar System Formation of our Solar System

•Discover if life has evolved elsewhere in our Solar System

•Understand the forces that shaped the planets

•Understand the environments in which life can exist in space and on other planets

–Mars

–Jupiter’s moon Europa

18 Town Meeting17th February 2003

Adv LIGO LISAGRAVITATIONAL WAVE OBSERVATORIES

Probing extreme environments via Gravity Waves detected from ground and space

•Test General Relativity, and black-hole theories

•Universe at 10-14 sec - primordial gravitational waves

•Evidence for cosmic strings/textures. Link with particle physics

•Detection of gravity waves – a new window on the universe

•Formation and environment of massive Black Holes (100 M to 106 M)

5 million km

19 Town Meeting17th February 2003

JWST

- UK PI on MIRI(one of the 3 instruments)