Mutations

1/7/15 Starter:

What affect do mutations have on proteins? 1/7/15Mutations and Pedigrees Mutations and PedigreesApplication:

Ws

Connection/Exit:Your cousin has hemophilia but no one else in your immediate family does. How could you go about finding where he/she got this disease?

Practice: Explain Non-disjunction1251261

January 7, 2015AGENDAB.6 E Students will Identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these changes.by reading and writing during an activity.

1 Starter2. Activity

Date Lecture/ Activity/ Lab Page

11/20 DNA Model 99-10011/21 DNA Writing 101-10212/1 DNA Replication Activity 103-10412/2 DNA Replication Model 105-10612/3 Cell Cycle Notes 107-10812/4 Cell Cycle Lab 109-11012/5 Cell Cycle Writing 111-11212/8 Cell Cycle Activity 113-11412/10 RNA Notes 115-11612/11 Transcription and Translation 117-11812/15 Protein Synthesis Simulation 119-12012/16 Mutations 121-122 12/17 Mutations2 123-1241/7 Mutations and Pedigrees 125-126

Table of Contents11/19 DNA notes 97-983Changes in DNANon-DisjunctionEx: Trisomy 21 or Down SyndromeSometimes, there is an error in meiosis when egg or sperm cells divide resulting in too many or too few chromosomes.How do you think this type of change would impact an organism?

Causes an abnormal number of chromosomes and often results in genetic disorders (ex. Down Syndrome, Turners Syndrome, Triple-X Syndrome). This can also result in death of the fetus.karyotypeCauses an abnormal number of chromosomes and often results in genetic disorders (ex. Down Syndrome, Turners Syndrome, Triple-X Syndrome). This can also result in death of the fetus.

Image citation: Unknown. (Designer). (2005, June 23). Trisomie 21 Geonom-schema [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Trisomie_21_Genom-Schema.gif This image is in the public domain because it contains materials that originally came from the National Institutes of Health.5Mutation ImpactThe impact of a mutation on an individual also depends on where and when it occurs.

If there was a mutation in the DNA of a zygote, how would that impact the individual?

How might a mutation in a skin cell affect an individual?Pedigree ChartsPedigree charts are like a genetic family tree.

They can use family information to trace genetic conditions that have been passed along in the family (genetic conditions caused by mutations).

Genetic counselors use them to help people analyze their family history and determine the probability of them having or passing on a particular condition (mutation).Pedigree Chart Symbols Empty Square = male Empty Circle = female Filled/Darkened Square = affected male Filled/Darkened Circle = affected female Square/Circle with Slash through = deceased individualPedigree Chart Example

Use this diagram to talk about autosomal vs. sex-linked. In this example, the number of affected males and females is almost 50/50, meaning it is autosomal, not sex-linked. If a trait is sex-linked, it will be seen in mostly males (because they have only one of each chromosome X and Y). In addition, this is a dominant trait because the original parent was affected. If the original parents are not affected, then we know the trait is recessive.

Graphic citation: Walker, J. (Designer). (2006, July 22). Autosomal Dominant Pedigree [Web Graphic]. Retrieved from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Autosomal_Dominant_Pedigree_Chart.svg9

12/11/13 Starter:

What is a silent point mutation, and what impact does it have on a point? What is an example? 12/11/13113114Mutations and Pedigrees Mutations and PedigreesApplication:

Ws

Connection/Exit:Your cousin has hemophilia but no one else in your immediate family does. How could you go about finding where he/she got this disease?

Practice: Notes 10