17 • acid-base equilibria - pbworks

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' South Pasadena * AP Chemistry

17 • Acid-Base EquilibriaPeriod. 'Date / ./.

13- qi .fo.2, l.o 5.1-1. Write the pH" of each solution above the [H4]^, pH = -log[H*]

2. Label the "Z" diagram as "Acidic", "Basic" and "Neutral,"'..: , ,.

143. Knowing thai the [H ]x[OH~] always equals 1 x ,10Tl% fill m.the [QJT] for each of the five solutions inthe '"Z" Diagram. (1 x-10'14is called: the'Dissociation Constant for. .water, £w) . (1 x I0"t4 « 10 x IO"15) "

4. Write the "pOH"''of'each solution below the [QH'J's.' " ': " ,' ' ' • • - " ' • • -

*5, pH + pOH always equals - IH

.6.' A solution of acid-has [H4] =.3.0 x,10"3 M . • • . - . . - •

a Calculate the rOfin'-3.3^fO" ' ^ , '

b. Calculate the pH JS-^3 thepOH.

7. A solution of base.has an [OH"] = 4.25,x IO"5 M .

a. Calculate the [FT1] & 35^0"'° H

b. Calculate the pH 9.6? .̂ ft thepOH_f

8. Calculate the pH's of 'the. following solutions: •

2.53 x lO^M" HCI ,pH.-5~

2.53xlO"9MHCl pH= &-

A pH with 3 'significant figures'is written with' 3 numbers after' the decimal' place.

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Answer:ImolOH 1000.mL.NaOH

(a) 5.00x10-3 mbl oxalic acid x l mo1 oxalic acid x1 mo1 H + x °-400 mo1 NaOH

= 25.0mLNaOH(b) H2C204<=>H+ + HC204-

HC204- <-> H+ + C2042-

K = K,^K2

K 3.78 o>106

Kj= ^ = 6.40 oolO' = 5.91x10-2

(c) X~ amt. ionized[H2C204] = 0.015 -X

[HI = 10-PH-10-°'5 = 0.316 M

3?78xlo-6='[0;015 ~X

^1() 1 o>1014

(d)

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17 * Acid-

1. What is the (H*] when JOHI -S.lxl 0J?a) 8.1xKTsM d) 3,6.x 1C)-* M

2. Wtei1 is (lie [1-f] w1»n [OH} = 3-3 x 10*?

3, What is the [H*J in a 0,0025 M HC!, solution?a) 1,0 x Iff* M d) S.&xlO^Mb") 4.0x70"* M c) need more into

Z5x:H>°M

». What is thc-.[GHl in'a G.0050'M^HC1 solution?

b) LQM

5. A sotitUcm In vhich pT] = 1 ff* Itas a pll

d) -8,iieu£ra!\̂, bask •

a) S, acicJicb) 6, tesicc) -̂ , basic

G. What fs tbe pH of a 0.00030 &| HNOj joluSon?a) S.M dj 4.4S !•-b 3.00 c) none af these

7, \\1iat is tiic pH of aO.OOCO|rf^OI^--Qli1tion1?it) 5J2! ' d) 8.83b) 12.1: ^ e) 7.00,

P R A C T I C E T E S T

© 0.0028 Mc> 11.6M

355 M

. A sample of niili: is fotind to havca pft,'AOuit is ilie OI-T coi*ceotfiitioii ofthe milk.?

],C5xHr7H

: is tlic concentration of OCl" in a 0.60 Msottuknt of HOd? Ki=3.1 xlO"8.

c) 0.40 M £to-~3 *CU'lI * ^ '.<> _—x.-

11. V&ml is ihc-pH offl 6.020 M soluiion of

" 'a) 7.&Sb) 9.67 •. e) 3,05 t*i tf~>

'Si-i, jiU^r*"- a<A^,^ ._ ..

12, Wlia{ is the conoentraiioji, of C0as* «i a 0.010 Jvj

equilbria BKL ^

IfcCQ3**ir-f-HCO> 1^=4.3x30-'HCQj' ̂ H^ -f C032' ^ - 5.5 x ] 0'"

fi.fi x Iff3 M d> 7,5xlO'7M

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13.. What Is thcS" concentration m 0sqjuiion {ft.l|> M) oflbS, in which ttej>H hasbeen adjust^ to i),£)D,hy Uic addiiitm ufUCI?For M3s, Krt = 1,1* ifr' wi [Q!,= uopair". 4-

c) Six Iff

14, ̂ icli af (he feilmTOig salts will rcsulf/babasis 3olutio» when it is dissolved In water?a) KCI f^T d) MgBrjb) 'Nllfl a-t.""-**- e) naueofdicsc

VIiai is"iliepl-l of ft 1.0 Ms^ui^?1 ofNaOC;

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Acid? & Ra&osNChO 1999I. Which, oxide .forms- a basic solution when

mixed ivith water?@ K2O (C) CO:(B)AW)» (PJSOs

35. VVJjJch O.I M solution has the highest pH?/^TC\. , .,({A-UodiuiTi carbonate(B) sodium chloride(C) ammonium carbonate(D} ammonium chloride

>. Which is the strongest, acid?(A) acetic acid - (K» = 1 „& .x1

(B) bensoic acid - (K» = 6.3 x 1<T5

ifonnfefusa-CK.-l.SxHr1))

37, What is the order of ccmccatrafiots of [be ionsand molecules In a Eiilftnis acid solution?Nitrous acid, IINO;, Is a weak acid.(A) H3O* = NOa"

NChO 19S833. A water solution of sodruin carbonate,

NajCQj, has a pH grester than 7 because(A) rt contains more carbonate ions tliaiiwatfcr molecules.CB) It oofttalns moire sodium ions ten

CQ5 sodium ions react with water,>-*4 _ .f(D)\aib<!!Wile ions react with water,

3«1. Vt'hich sp«cics dissociates moai completelyin water solution?

(B) HiCOj (D) HSQT

37. According to &rensted -

which of these spedes cannot beainplioteric?

(D) NH*

34. \Wch acid reacts with NaOH to formsodium hypoelilorite (the ingredient Eti ,homshold bleach)?@)HOCi <C) HOCIO(&)HGC!O

35. Which of these acids is the strongest iaaqueous solution? ^ u"

(B) HjSCb (D) HOC1

37. Htmnalrain wafer has upH, of 5,6. Thi sisbesi explained by the presence of(A) nitrogen oxides.

(C) sulfur- oxides.

3S. In a 0.050 M solution of a weak, motioproriciiciOj [H J= 1,8 x It)

NChO 199634, According to the Bmffi&ed-Lawry aefinkion,

ii bas« ts a substance thai <2.u.-jy>fi £>/o-fo*-J^v"v*|ii*hL T*1" •' h\' " '• ; " • •(A) jncreasfes i be hydroxide ionconcctttridioa iti \vater.(B) ciwi te&ct m\h tvater to form OH™ ions,(C), can donate aa electron pair to fornii aCQvatent bond,

f Accept a proton from an acid.

5. What Is The pH ofa 0.02 M solution of KOH?

@H2.3 (C)lJ6^(0Ci^B);l2.0 (D)J.7 po(f^

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36. Which cowplt; tsj«vt a conjugate acid-basepair?CA) BOOT «nd CO*3"

37. These acids are listed in Older of decreasingacid strength "m water.

H^> HNQ* > CHaCOOH > HCNAccording to tlteBffliisted-Lowry theory,which amon is the weakest base?© 1" (G) CHjCQCT

^3S. What Is the [in in a 0.40 M solution of

H,oc!? .f""^^0^.^^^?^)?*;Substance iEctllilibrium Constant, K,,^

• HOC1 3'5x

M p> 3-T x 10"̂ M

39. Wiich of these salts will »ive a basicsolution when added to -water?

mNChO-1995'.2. 'Wfnit-sbdiuni

the major products fcxpecied are

(B) Nations artdHjO(OWa^widO^loas

' (D) fta* and OFT Ions, aud Oj gas

36. At 0 fC ihc ion product coasJanl of waiter,K is i,2x 10~1S. Thethis temperature is(A)6.SS '"(B) 7,00 CD) "?-

3 7. Whal. is the fT] m a 0.010 M. solufion ofHCN? The equilibrium constant, KH> forHCN equals 6.2 x 10"'" #~{^<3

xlCT^M (D)G,2x10~10M

If (he value of the e^ilibmim dSnstant, K,rs less iliaa 1, what Is the srrongesi base inthis system?(A) f ICN @CN"

•10. He MMjiigateacid of (he bicarbonate ion,HCOr, in FfcO is l^T *• ̂ z(A) BjO" (Q OH"

41. The sodium salt, "NaA^of a weak add isdissolved in' xvater and. no other substance isadded. Wliich of tbe following statements iscotrccred? 'WtAr

42. Wliichoflhessiousispredictcdto.prOdiK*Iht mbsi;acidic sotution

43.̂ ^^0.10 M solutions of the solutes;IICIG*, Nrl4Br, KOH, KCP^ arc anangcd inorder in increasiitg [H* 3, the correct'order is

©KOH-(B),KCN<KOH(C) HGiO

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17 • acid-base equilibria - pbworks

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