164427333-structure-i-pertemuan-4-modul6-7-frida-irene-pptx.pptx

7/29/2019 164427333-Structure-I-Pertemuan-4-Modul6-7-Frida-Irene-pptx.pptx

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Structure 14th Class : 22nd of September 2013

Frida Ferdani Putri

Universitas Terbuka

Korea Selatan 1


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Course Introduction

Text book : Structure 1, Zuhairi A., Universitas Terbuka 2011

Tutorial module consists of 12 parts but will be cover in 8 classes. Class 1 : Nouns and Pronouns (Nomina dan Pronomina)

Class 2 : Verbs, Adjectives and Adverbs (Module 2 &3)

Class 3 : Prepositions and Articles, Phrase (Frasa) (Module 4&5)

Class 4 : Auxiliaries and Agreement (Module 6&7)

Class 5 : The Simple Present Tense

Class 6 : Past Tense

Class 7 : The Future Tense

Class 8 : Degree of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs (Module 11&12)

Tutorial method: In class and online broadcast (USTREAM & SKYPE)

Grading Components

Task 1 (Class 3), Task 2 (Class 5) , Task 3 (Class 7) Participation

Final Exam

Course material can be found at Google Plus and Facebook Group

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AUXILIARIES

3


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Auxiliary Verbs

Berfungsi sebagai penolong dalam membantu fungsi kata kerja

membentuk makna structuralatau grammaticaldan memberi

warna semantic

Terbagi dalam 3 kelompok (Frank, 1972)

Tense Auxiliaries : Be, Have, Will, Shall

Do Auxiliaries : Do, Does, Did

Modal Auxiliaries : Can, May, Must, Shall, Will, Could, Might, Should, Would

Fungsi kata kerja bantu dalam Bahasa Inggris

Membuat kalimat tanya

Menyangkal (negation)

Menunjukkan waktu

Melengkapi (completion)

Kesinambungan (continuation) Pengulangan (repetition)

Keinginan (willingness)

Kemungkinan (possibility)

Keharusan (obligation)

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Modal Auxiliaries + infinitive verb tanpa to

atau kata kerja dasar

Contoh:

May go

Can come

Should sleep

Ability : Can

Permission : May, Could, Might

Advisability : Should, Ought to, Had Better

Necessity : Must, Have to, Have got to

Suggestion : Shall

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Exercise

Ability, permission

http://perso.wanadoo.es/autoenglish/gr.may2.p.htm

Should, Ought to, Had better (advisability)

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htm

Must, have, have got to (necessity)

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-

modals-necessity1.htm

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http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-necessity1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1.htm


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Penyegaran

Tes Formatif p 6.7, 6.17, 6.22, 6.31, 6.34

Answer each question maximum in 3 minutes

Break

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AGREEMENT(PERSESUAIAN)

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Relative Pronoun

Bermakna penyesuaian atas verb berdasarkan subjek

dikarenakan adanya bentuk tunggal (singular) dan jamak(plural) untuk nomina (kata benda) dan pronomina (kata

ganti)

Tiga bentuk persesuaian yang akan dipelajari Subject Verb Agreement, yang terbagi atas

Persesuaian subjek-verba dasar

Persesuaian subjek-verba menggunakan keterangan kuantitas

Persesuaian subjek-verba menggunakan THERE + BE

Persesuain subjek verba dengan ketidakteraturan (irregular verb)

Pronoun Agreement

Persesuaian dengan nomina

Persesuaian dengan pronomina tak tentu

Persesuaian dengan nomina kolektif

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Aturan umum

Verbal Singular Verbal Plural

I, you + V1

She, he, it + V1s

We, you + V1

There is . There are

[noun] + V1s [Nouns] + V1

Every + [noun] + V1s

None of + [noun/nouns] + V1s

One of + [nouns] + V1s Some/few of + [countable nouns] + V1

[Uncountable noun] + V1s


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Contoh

Verbal Singular Verbal Plural

Our teacher sits in the front row. Our teachers sit in the front row.

Two-thirds of the money belongs to private

company

Two-thirds of the people there work in private

company

The number of students in this class is 13. A number of students were in the school lastnight.

There is a cat in the room. There are cats in the room.

Everyone loves peace. People love peace.

The news surprises us. The police have caught the thief.

The United States has a new regulation.

Economics is my favorite subject.

One hundred dollar is expensive for a book.

English is fun to learn. The English love drinking tea in the afternoon.


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Pronoun Agreement

Persesuaian dengan pronounPronomina persona

Pronomina refleksif


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Persesuaian dengan Nomina

A good managershould listen to his/hersubordinates

aspiration

The teachers are getting ready to meet theirstudents.

Icant find

my wallet anywhere. Michael lost his motorcycle key.


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Persesuaian dengan Pronomina Tak Tentu

Indefinite pronouns

Formal:

Everyone has his or her own dream.

Informal:

Everyone has their own dream

Everyone

Everybody

Everything

SomeoneSomebody

Something

Anyone

Anybody

Anything

No oneNobody

nothing


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Persesuaian dengan Nomina Kolektif

Menunjukkan suatu kelompok, bukan individual, tapi

diperlakukan seperti singular.

It, its merujuk pada impersona tunggal

They mengacu pada sekumpulan individu yangberbeda.

My class is very intelligence. They have won several

competitions this year.

Audience

Class

CommitteeCouple

Crowd

staff

Faculty

Family

GovernmentGroup

Public

Team


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Pronomina Refleksif

Merujuk pada subjek yang sama

I look at myself in the mirror.

Memberikan penekanan

I opened the door myself

The author signed the book for me herself!

Mengandung arti sendiri

I live by myself


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You and One sebagai Pronomina Impersona

One seseorang, siapa saja, atau orang pada

umumnya (lebih formal)

One should keep studying and pursuing his dream

You seseorang, siapa saja, atau orang pada

You should never give up your dream.


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Other, dll

Another: satu lagi disamping yang sudah disebutkan

Other/others: beberapa lainnya yang sudah disebutkan There are some students in class. One of them are from

Jakarta, another student is from West Java, others are from

Sulawesi. The other (s): sisa yang sudah disebutkan.

I have 3 hats. Two of them are blue, and the other hat is pink.

Each other dan one another: hubungan timbal balik We should see each other more often

Every other: menunjukkan selang-seling I come to her house every other week

Another: mengungkapkan waktu, uang, jarak walaupunjamak

We need to walk another 5 kilometers.


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Agreement in Connecting Ideas.


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And

Contoh Keterangan

My dress color is pink and yellow Tanpa koma, karena hanya

menghubungkan 2 benda atau hal

I went out my room, turned on TV, and

had my breakfast.

Dengan koma, karena menghubungkan

lebih 2 benda atau hal

She cooked in the kitchen, and I cleaned

up the room.

Dengan koma, arena menghubungan 2

independent clause.


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But dan Or

Contoh Keterangan

I was hungry but I didnt have any money

to buy some food.

Koma tidak digunakan

Do you want hot or cold water? Koma tidak digunakan karena or

menghubungkan 2 benda atau hal

Would you like to have tea, coffee, or

juice?

Koma digunakan karena or

menghubungkan lebih 2 benda atau hal

I came to his house, but he was not there Koma digunakan karena but

menghubungkan dua kalimat utuh

Do you plan to go hiking on Sunday, or doyou go to church on Sunday?

Koma digunakan karena ormengubungkan dua kalimat utuh


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So

Contoh Keterangan

There will be an exam next week, so I

study hard.

So menghubungkan dua klausa

independenSo didahului dengan koma

Menunjukkan sebab akibat.


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And + too, so, either, neither

Nama Keterangan

I love kimchi, and Michael does too ., and S + auxiliary + too

I love kimchi, and so does Michael ., and + so + auxiliary + S

I cant play guitar, and Michael canteither

., and + S + auxiliary negative + either

I cant play, and neither can Michael ., and + neither + auxiliary + S

A: Im hungry

B: Me too

informal

A: I dont want to watch the movieB: Me neither

informal


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Struktur Paralel

Contoh Keterangan

Michael and Johnny are watching movies Noun + and + noun

He played the piano and sang a song. Verb + and + verb

I like to read a book or write a poem. Infinitive or infinitiveThe beach is beautiful but windy Adjective + but + adjective

She woke up early in the morning,

cleaned up the house, and washed the

dishes.

Lebih dari satu unitmenggunakan

koma


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Konjungsi berpasangan

Contoh Keterangan

Both my sister and brother love

travelling

Both + S + and + S + Verb (plural)

Not only my sister but also my brother

loves travelling

Not only + S + but also + S + Verb

*

Neither my sister nor my brothers love

travelling

Neither + S + nor + S + Verb *

Either my sister or my brother has the

book I need.

Either + S + or + S + Verb *

I like both coffee and tea. Both + noun + and noun **

I not only visited her house but also

talked to her parents

Not only + verb + but also + verb

**

I will go to either Japan or Korea. Either + noun + or + noun **

This book is nether interesting nor good. Neither + adjective + nor +

adjective **

* Verb plural atau si

ngular tergantung subjek yang terdekat

dengan verb

** bentuk gramatik

al yang sama mengi

kuti setiap kata yan

g berpasangan

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