16192859 swat trainign manual
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COPYRIGHT
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . SWAT Operational Guidelines
and Standardized Training Recommendations
Copyright 2005
exception:
Questions about this copyright information or about obtaining permission
Manager at [email protected].
POST2005TPS-0369.1
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THE MISSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of the
Enforcement in serving its communities.
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COMMISSIONERS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anthony W. Batts
Ron Lowenberg
John Avila
Lai Lai Bui
Collene Campbell Public Member
Robert Doyle
Bonnie Dumanis
Deborah Linden
Nelson Lum
Henry Perea
Laurie Smith
Michael Sobek
Bill Lockyer
Ken OBrien
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
success of this project.
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FOREWORD
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v.
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CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
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5.0 Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Crisis Negotiations Core Competencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NOTE:
regular type
italicized type.
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1.0 DEFINITIONOF SWAT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The primary characteristic of SWAT that distinguishes it from the otherunits is the focus of effort. SWAT teams are focused on tactical solutions, as
opposed to other functions, such as investigation. The purpose of SWAT is to
increase the likelihood of safely resolving critical incidents. Nothing in these
guidelines is intended to preclude agencies from utilizing specially trained units
in areas such as narcotics investigations, felony apprehension, and other tasks.
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2.0 SWAT TEAM COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
basic operational functions:
2. Containment
Appendix A provides a suggested listing of activities for each operationalcomponent.
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3.0 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
forming
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3.0 continued POLICY CONSIDERATIONSPOLICY CONSIDERATIONS
structure
These policies and procedures should take into consideration POSTguidelines and standardized training recommendations.
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4.0 RISK ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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5.0 PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . . .
When possible, briefings should include the specialized units andsupporting resources.
5 . 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
planning.
Skill redundancy in knowledge of planning procedures for SWAT teammembers improves performance in rapidly developing scenarios.
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5.0 continued PLANNINGPLANNING
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5 . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Where resources allow, consideration should be given to integratingTactical Emergency Medical Support (TEMS) personnel within the structure of
the SWAT team.
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6.0 LOGISTICALAND RESOURCE NEEDS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
training.
Refer to section 13.0 for further guidelines on Specialized Functions andSupporting Resources.
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LEGALAND PRACTICAL ISSUESOF7.0 SWAT OPERATIONS
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
resources.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
units.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
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8.0 UNIFORMS, EQUIPMENT, AND FIREARMS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
It is recognized that certain tactical conditions may require covertmovement. Attire may be selected appropriate to the specific mission.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
attachments.
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PERSONNEL SELECTION, PHYSICAL FITNESS9.0 AND CORE SKILLS PROFICIENCY . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agencies should ensure that the SWAT selection process is reasonable, jobrelated, and unbiased.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Agencies should consider conducting physical fitness assessment atleast annually. Policies should be established for failure to comply with these
standards.
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PERSONNEL SELECTION, PHYSICAL FITNESS
9.0 continued AND CORE SKILLS PROFICIENCY
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
team members.
Agencies should consider conducting core skills proficiency assessmentat least annually. Policies should be established for failure to maintain these
proficiencies.
See Guideline 10.2andAppendix C for a listing of core competenciesand elements.
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10.0 SWAT TRAINING . . . . . . . . . . . . . Initial Training
. . . . . .
Appendix B provides the training recommendations for the POST BasicSWAT Course.
. . . . . .
other supporting resources.
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10.0 continued SWAT TRAININGSWAT TRAINING
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Recurrent Core Competency Training
. . . . . .
SWAT core competencies fall within three general categories:
Appendix C provides a listing of SWAT operator core competencies andelements for each competency.
Ongoing training in the respective core competencies should also be
incorporated into policy for the specialized SWAT functions and supportingresources.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Update and Refresher Training
. . . . . . .
Appendix C provides a listing of SWAT operator core competencies and
elements for each competency.
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10.0 continued SWAT TRAININGSWAT TRAINING
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Supervision and Management
. . . . . .
Command and executive personnel are encouraged to attend training for
managing the SWAT function at the organizational level.
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
Appendix D provides the training recommendations for the POSTTactical Commander Course.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Approval of Prior Training
. . . . . .
training.
As a general rule, previously completed training may be consideredequivalent when the hours and content (topics) meet or exceed agency
requirements or POSTs standardized training recommendations.
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10.0 continued SWAT TRAININGSWAT TRAINING
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Training Safety
. . . . . . .
training.
Refer to forfurther training safety information.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Scenario-Based Training
. . . . . .
Scenario-based training that simulates the tactical operationalenvironment is an established method of improving performance during an
actual deployment.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Annual Training Plan
. . . . . .
An annual training plan helps SWAT teams to identify and prioritizetraining needs and schedule accordingly.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Training Documentation
. . . . . .
Documentation of individual and team training/performance cancontribute to long-term reduction of liability and aid in investigations.
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11.0 MULTI-JURISDICTIONAL SWAT OPERATIONS
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also participate.
Some agencies may choose to consolidate resources into a regional SWATteam concept.
Samples of initial suggested protocols and multi-jurisdictional agreementscan be obtained through the POST clearinghouse, upon request.
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12.0 AFTER-ACTION EVALUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Evaluation and analysis of critical incidents affords opportunity forindividual and team assessment, helps to identify training needs, and reinforces
sound risk management practices. When appropriate, the debriefings should
include specialized units and resources.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS13.0 AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES. . . . . . . . . . . . .
These guidelines are intended as helpful guidance for agencies who utilizeK-9 teams on a recurrent basis for deployment with a tactical team.
A SWAT K-9 team is a designated unit, consisting of a handler and dog,which is specifically selected, trained, and equipped to work in conjunction with
SWAT /tactical teams to assist in tactical incidents.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
Planning
ongoing basis.
E
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
ongoing basis.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Crisis Negotiations Team (CNT) is a designated group of personnelspecifically selected, trained, and equipped to assist in the resolution of critical
incidents by means of communication and negotiation with criminal suspects
and other persons, often in conjunction with the SWAT/tactical unit.
structure.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
Agencies should organize CNT with regard to the following policyconsiderations:
Agencies should develop resources sufficient to perform the four CNToperational functions:
Logistics.
Crisis Negotiator course.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Long Rifle/Observer Team is a designated unit of law enforcementofficers who are selected, trained, and equipped to work as an element of the
SWAT team in the resolution of critical incidents by providing observation, cover,
and the employment of precision fire.
Course.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
categories:
Refer to POST Guidelines for Student Safety in Certified Courses for furthertraining safety information.
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Event
SWAT teams may be tasked with preparing the tactical component ofthe governmental response to a potential exposure to chemical, biological,
radiological, nuclear, or explosive (CBRNE) hazards. Agencies should recognize
that tactical operations in a CBRNE environment are highly specialized. SWAT
teams may not be prepared to handle these incidents alone, and should consider
a coordinated regional response by local, state, and federal agencies.
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
DefinitionFor the purposes of this section, waterborne operations refer to the deployment
of specially trained SWAT Operators to engage in tactical operations associated
with the waterborne environment.
the agency.
annual training plan.
Planning
mission planning to ensure appropriate assets are in place for the
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
DefinitionFor the purposes of this section, a tactical airborne operation refers to the use of
air support as a resource in coordination with SWAT to resolve critical incidents.
the particular agency.
aircraft.
Planning
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SPECIALIZED FUNCTIONS
13.0 continued AND SUPPORTING RESOURCES
members in the annual training plan.
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BASIC SWAT TEAMAPPENDIX A OPERATIONAL COMPONENTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
three minimum operational components:
Command and Control Element
operation
e. Communications
2. Containment Elementa. Control of inner perimeter
b. Evacuation
Entry/Apprehension/Rescue Element
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APPENDIX B BASIC SWAT COURSE TOPICS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction
a. Course Objectives
2. Performance Evaluation of Team Members
Policy Issues
Basic SWAT Concepts
5. Psychological Considerations
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Appendix Bcontinued Basic SWAT Course Topics
contents
Physical Considerations
Overview of Individual and Team Equipment
Operational Planning
c. Principles of Containment
f. Contemporaneous Planning
Overview of Specialized SWAT Functions
a. Canines
c. Crisis Negotiations
f. Rescue Operations
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Appendix Bcontinued Basic SWAT Course Topics
contents
Command Post Operations
Individual and Team Movement
c. Overcoming Obstacles
Basic Entry and Search Techniques
Chemical Agents in SWAT Operations
b. Less Lethal Munitions
Diversionary Devices
Crisis Negotiation
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Appendix Bcontinued Basic SWAT Course Topics
contents
Individual and Team Firearms Training
Training Scenarios and Problem-Solving Simulations
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APPENDIX C SWAT CORE COMPETENCIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weapons, Munitions, and Equipment
h. Munitions
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Appendix Ccontinued SWAT Core Competencies
contents
2. Individual and Team Movement/Tactics
i. Covert Clearing
m. Entries
r. Night Movement
t. Reactionary Responses
v. Rural Operations
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Appendix Ccontinued SWAT Core Competencies
contents
c. Executive Protection
h. Riot Response
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Appendix Ccontinued SWAT Core Competencies
contents
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SWAT/TACTICALAPPENDIX D COMMANDERS COURSE TOPICS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
topics:
Introduction
a. Course Objectives
2.
Administrative Duties and Responsibilities
Legal Issues
5. Mutual Aid Procedures
a. Policy
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Appendix Dcontinued SWAT/Tactical Commanders Course Topics
contents
c. Communications
Deployment Guidelines
Tactical Team Operations
Command and Control
Command Post Operations
c. Communications
Tactical Operation Procedures
b. Operational Planning
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Appendix Dcontinued SWAT/Tactical Commanders Course Topics
contents
Tactical Components/Capabilities
Tactical Considerations/Missions
g. Less Lethal Munitions
Training Scenarios and Problem-Solving Simulations
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CORE COMPETENCIESAPPENDIX E FOR SWAT K-9 TEAMS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
exercises.
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BASIC CRISIS NEGOTIATOR COURSEAPPENDIX F RECOMMENDED COURSE TOPICS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
b. Logistics
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Appendix Fcontinued Basic Crisis Negotiator Course Recommended Course Topics
contents
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Appendix Fcontinued Basic Crisis Negotiator Course Recommended Course Topics
contents
a. Verbal Communications
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Appendix Fcontinued Basic Crisis Negotiator Course Recommended Course Topics
contents
b. Ethics
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Appendix Fcontinued Basic Crisis Negotiator Course Recommended Course Topics
contents
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CRISIS NEGOTIATIONSAPPENDIX G CORE COMPETENCIES
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
responsibilities
e. Extremist groups
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Appendix Gcontinued Crisis Negotiations Core Competencies
contents
l. Linguistics
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LONG RIFLE/OBSERVER TEAMAPPENDIX H COURSE TOPIC RECOMMENDATIONS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a. Classroom
b. Range
c. Operational
a. Use of force policy issues
b. Optics
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Appendix Hcontinued
contents
g. Position shooting
b. External ballistics
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Appendix Hcontinued
contents
c. Reporting
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TACTICAL WATERBORNEAPPENDIX I CORE COMPETENCIES
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