Flight Recorders

FDR/CVR &Data Downloading and Analysis

by

Steven Ng & George Wai

Civil Aviation Department

AsiaSASI WS/3 30 May 2014

Agenda

� Facts of Flight Recorders

� Development of Capability

� Downloading and Analysis

Agenda 1:

Facts

Flight Recorders

� Annex 6 – Operation of Aircraft

� Part I – International CAT - Aeroplanes

� Flight Data Recorders (FDR) (6.3.1)

� Cockpit Voice Recorder (CVR) (6.3.2)

� FDR / CVR performance requirement –

EUROCAE ED-112A

CAT Aeroplanes - FDR

� Types: IA / I / II / IIA (6.3.1.1)

� Duration: 25 hrs except IIA [30 mins] (6.3.1.4)

� 78 Parameters (Appendix 8 Table A8-1)

� II / IIA - at least the first 16

� I - at least the first 32

� IA - at least all the 78

CAT Aeroplanes - FDR

� Type IA for MTOW >5700kg with individual C of A

first issued after 1 Jan 2005 (6.3.1.2.11)

� Type IA – shall record parameters to determine the

aeroplane flight path, speed, attitude, engine power,

configuration, and operation (6.3.1.1.1)

CAT Aeroplanes - CVR

� MTOW >5700kg with individual C of A first issued

after 1 Jan 2003 – CVR records at least the last 2 hrs

(6.3.2.1.3)

� Duration (6.3.2.3)

� All CVR: > 30 mins

� After 1 Jan 2016: >2 hrs

CAT Aeroplanes - CVR

� Four Channels to record (App 8 - 3.1.1):

� Voice communications (radio / crew intercom / PA)

� Aural environment� Voice / Audio of navigation and

approach aids� Four channels record simultaneously

(App 8 - 3.1.3)

Channel 1Co-pilot

Channel 2

Pilot

Channel 3Area (CAM)

Channel 4Time reference and

3rd/4th crew

Hong Kong Requirements

� Air Navigation (Hong Kong) Order

� Article 37 – Flight Recording & Preservation

� Schedule 5 Equipment - Scale P & S for Flight Recorder requirements

� Supplemented by Airworthiness Notices

Construction

� Design Specification –Chapter 2 of ED-112A

� Crash Protected Memory Module

� Crash Survival:

� Information Retrieval (2-1.16.1)� Survival Criteria (2-1.16.2)� Identification (2-1.16.3)� ULB (2-1.16.4)

Crash Survival Tests

� Crash Survival tests for Crash Protected Memory Module (2-4):

� Impact Shock: 3400g 6.5 ms duration (270 kt / 450 cm)

� Shear and Tensile (ULB attachment):6000 lb (1 min)

Crash Survival Tests

� Penetration: 500 lb 10’ drop

(area 0.25”)

� Static Crush: 5000 lb 5 mins

Crash Survival Tests

� Hi temp fire: 50000 btu/fts/hr (1100 C for 60 mins)

� Lo temp fire: 260 C (10 hrs)

Crash Survival Tests

� Deep sea: 6000 m (30 days)

� Fluid immersion:

Fuel, Oil, etc. 48 hrs

extinguishing agent 8 hrs

Agenda 2:

Development of Capability

Scope

� Undamaged solid-state recorders

� Hong Kong registered aircraft operating scheduled flights

� Capability List –

� Aircraft type / Engine configuration � FDIU / FDIMU� DFDR� Data Rate� Vendor

Capability List for A330

Aircraft

Model No.

Aircraft

Reg. No.Engine

Initial Service

Date (age)(MSN) FDIU / FDIMU DFDR Data Rate (wps) DFDR Vendor

A330-343 B-HLP Trent 772B-60 10-Aug-01 418 ED43B1D7 980-4700-003 128 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HLQ Trent 772B-60 31-Aug-01 420 ED43B1D7 980-4700-003 128 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HLR Trent 772B-60 28-Sep-01 421 ED43B1D7 980-4700-003 128 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HYJ Trent 772B-60 16-Dec-02 512 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HYQ Trent 772B-60 19-Mar-04 581 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HWF Trent 772B-60 18-Mar-05 654 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HWI Trent 772B-60 18-Jan-06 716 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-HWM Trent 772B-60 31-Oct-13 1457 2234340-02-02 2100-4045-00 1024 w/s L3 Communications

A330-342 B-LAA Trent 772-60 28-Jun-05 669 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-342 B-LAB Trent 772-60 17-Jun-05 673 2288340-01-01 980-4700-042 256 w/s Honeywell

A330-343 B-LAP Trent 772B-60 28-Sep-12 1343 2234340-02-02 2100-4045-00 1024 w/s L3 Communications

A330-343 B-LAQ Trent 772B-60 18-Oct-12 1349 2234340-02-02 2100-4045-00 1024 w/s L3 Communications

A330-343 B-LAR Trent 772B-60 26-Nov-12 1362 2234340-02-02 2100-4045-00 1024 w/s L3 Communications

A330-343 B-LAX Trent 772B-60 01-Dec-12 1366 2234340-02-02 2100-4045-00 1024 w/s L3 Communications

Facility Layout

� Download and Analysis

� Audio Room

� Workshop

Equipment

� Hardware:, Downloader (HHMPI), cables, power source,

computers, bench/desk, etc.

� Software: CAE Flightscape – Insight/Analysis and

Insight/Animation

� Supplemental Info: Data frame structure, aircraft

configuration, etc.

Agenda 3:

Downloading and Analysis

Data Downloading

Data Downloading

� In-situ (FDR only) or Bench

� HHMPI (Hand Held Multiple Purpose Interface)

� Cables (Flight recorder types)

� Power (115VAC 400 Hz / 28 VDC)

115AC/28VDCSource

FDR /CVR

HHMPI

Data Analysis / Animation

� Conversion – raw data to engineering data

� Graphical display of FDR data

Data Analysis / Animation

� Animation of flight profile

� Synchronisation of CVR audio data

Considerations

� Validation of data conversion

� conversion process

� range of data being recorded

Considerations

Considerations

� Sampling rate of recorded data

� Examples of low sampling rate, e.g. Selected

Barometric Setting, Selected Decision Height,

Computed Centre of Gravity, etc

� Examples of high sampling rate, e.g. normal

acceleration, lateral acceleration, longitudinal

acceleration, pitch, roll, yaw, etc

Considerations

� Data handling method in animation

� Linear interpolation

� Average Smoothing

Considerations

� Maintaining confidentiality of CVR data

� 5.12 of Annex 13

� Shop or in-situ erasure of CVR data

Considerations

� Maintaining the Capability

� Review of aircraft type /

configuration

� Obtain data frame structure

� Prepare conversion file

Considerations

� Maintaining the Proficiency

� Practices

� Conferences and workshops

� Cooperation

Thank You